LTD-4608JF LED Display Datasheet - Tsawon Lambobi 0.4-inch - AlInGaP LED Mai Launin Rago - 2.6V Na Gaba - 70mW Watsawar Wutar Lantarki - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

LTD-4608JF wani na'ura ne mai nuna lambobi biyu, wanda aka ƙera shi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar nuna lambobi (0-9) da wasu haruffa kaɗan cikin bayyananne da haske. Babban fasahar sa ta amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don ƙananan na'urorin LED masu haskakawa, wanda aka sani da ingantaccen aiki da fitar da launi na musamman a cikin launin rago. Wannan na'urar an rarraba ta a matsayin nau'in nuni na gama-gari (common anode), ma'ana an haɗa anodes na LED na kowane lamba a ciki, wanda ke sauƙaƙa tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Musamman da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Wannan na'urar nuni tana ba da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda suka sa ta dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban na masana'antu da na mabukaci. Haskenta mai ƙarfi da ingantaccen bambanci suna tabbatar da karantawa ko da a cikin yanayi mai haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana ba da damar ganin bayanan daga wurare daban-daban, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga ma'aunin allon da na'urori. Amintaccen LED, ba tare da sassa masu motsi ba kuma yana da tsawon rayuwa, ya sa ya zama mai dacewa ga aikace-aikacen da ke da wahalar kulawa ko kuma a rage lokacin dakatarwa. Ƙarancin buƙatun wutar lantarki yana da fa'ida ga na'urori masu amfani da baturi ko masu ingantaccen amfani da makamashi. Kasuwanni da ake nufi sun haɗa da kayan aikin gwaji da ma'auni, allunan sarrafa masana'antu, tsarin siyarwa, allunan motoci (don bayan gida ko na'urorin taimako), na'urorin likitanci, da kayan amfani na gida inda ake buƙatar nuna matsayi ta hanyar lambobi.

2. Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha: Cikakken Bayani Mai Ma'ana

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike mai ma'ana game da ƙayyadaddun wutar lantarki da na gani da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayanai. Fahimtar waɗannan ƙimomi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da kuma tabbatar da cewa na'urar nuni tana aiki kamar yadda ake tsammani a aikace-aikacen ƙarshe.

2.1 Halayen Haskakawa da Na Gani

Babban ma'auni na gani shine Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haskakawa (Iv), wanda aka auna a cikin microcandelas (µcd). Ga LTD-4608JF, ƙimar ta na yau da kullun ita ce 650 µcd a wutar lantarki ta gaba (If) na 1 mA. Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar shine 200 µcd, kuma babu mafi girman ƙimar da aka ƙayyade a cikin tebur na yau da kullun, ko da yake rarrabuwar tana nuna tsarin rarrabawa. An ƙayyade ma'aunin daidaiton ƙarfin haskakawa a matsayin 2:1 mafi girma, ma'ana bambancin haske tsakanin mafi haske da mafi duhu a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya bai kamata ya wuce wannan ma'auni ba, yana tabbatar da bayyananne iri ɗaya. An ayyana launi ta hanyar tsayin raƙuman ruwa (λd) na 605 nm da mafi girman tsayin raƙuman fitarwa (λp) na 611 nm, duk an auna su a If=20mA, wanda ya sanya shi a cikin yankin launin rago na bakan gani. Ramin rabin faɗin bakan (Δλ) na 17 nm yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko yaduwar tsayin raƙuman hasken da aka fitar a kusa da kololuwa.

2.2 Ƙayyadaddun Wutar Lantarki

Babban ma'auni na wutar lantarki shine Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Vf) a kowane sashe. Ƙimar ta na yau da kullun ita ce 2.6V, tare da mafi ƙarancin 2.05V, lokacin da ake sarrafa shi da 20 mA. Ana buƙatar wannan wutar lantarki don daidaita haɗin p-n na LED zuwa gudana. Dole ne masu ƙira su tabbatar da cewa da'irar sarrafawa na iya samar da wannan wutar lantarki. Ci gaba da Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba a kowane sashe an ƙididdige shi a 25 mA mafi girma a 25°C, tare da ƙimar ragewa na 0.33 mA/°C sama da 25°C. Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ci gaba da aka halatta yana raguwa yayin da yanayin zafi ya ƙaru don hana yin zafi da lalacewa. Ana ba da izinin Kololuwar Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba na 60 mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms), wanda ke da alaƙa da tsare-tsaren sarrafawa da yawa. Ƙimar Wutar Lantarki ta Baya (Vr) ita ce 5V, yana nuna mafi girman wutar lantarki da za a iya amfani da ita a cikin hanyar baya ba tare da haifar da rushewa ba. Wutar Lantarki ta Baya (Ir) tana yawanci 100 µA a wannan wutar lantarki ta baya.

2.3 Zafin Jiki da Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙididdiga

Matsakaicin ƙididdiga yana ayyana iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin. Watsawar Wutar Lantarki a kowane sashe ita ce 70 mW. Kewayon Zafin Aiki da Ajiya daga -35°C zuwa +85°C. Wannan faɗin kewayon yana sa na'urar ta dace da mawuyacin yanayi. Dole ne a mai da hankali musamman ga zafin gyaɗa: mafi girman 260°C na mafi girman dakika 3 a nisan 1.6mm ƙasa da matakin wurin zama. Wucewa waɗannan ƙayyadaddun gyaɗa na iya lalata haɗin waya na ciki ko ƙananan LED kanta.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Takardar bayanai ta bayyana cewa an "Rarraba na'urar don Ƙarfin Haskakawa." Wannan yana nuna tsarin rarrabawa ko rarrabuwa bayan samarwa. Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman lambobin rumbun aiki a cikin wannan takarda ba, irin wannan tsarin yawanci yana rarraba na'urorin nuni bisa ga ƙarfin haskakawa da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin wutar lantarki (misali, 1 mA). Na'urorin nuni daga rumbun ƙarfi iri ɗaya za su yi kama da haske, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da na'urori da yawa a gefe da gefe don tabbatar da daidaiton gani. Masu ƙira yakamata su tuntubi mai kera don takamaiman tsarin rarrabawa da yadda ake ƙayyade rumbun aiki da ake so lokacin yin oda.

4. Bincike Kan Lakatunan Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana nuni zuwa "Lakatunan Halayen Wutar Lantarki / Na Gani na Yau da Kullun." Ko da yake ba a ƙididdige takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, lakatunan yau da kullun don irin waɗannan na'urorin za su haɗa da:

• Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba da Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Lakatar I-V):Wannan lakatar mara layi tana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da ita a kan LED da sakamakon wutar lantarki. Tana nuna wutar lantarki ta kunna (kusan 2V) da yadda wutar lantarki ke ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙananan ƙaruwa a wutar lantarki bayan wannan batu.
• Ƙarfin Haskakawa da Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba:Wannan lakatar tana nuna cewa fitar da haske gabaɗaya yana daidai da wutar lantarki ta gaba, amma yana iya cika a wutar lantarki mai girma saboda tasirin zafi.
• Ƙarfin Haskakawa da Yanayin Yanayi:Wannan lakatar zata nuna rage fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗin yake ƙaruwa. Ga LED na AlInGaP, ƙarfin haskakawa yawanci yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki.
• Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali da ke nuna ƙarfin dangi akan tsayin raƙuman ruwa, yana nuna kololuwa kusan 611 nm tare da faɗi na halaye, yana tabbatar da launin rago.

Waɗannan lakatunan suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi marasa daidaito da kuma inganta da'irar sarrafawa don inganci da tsawon rayuwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Na'urar tana da daidaitaccen kunshin nuni na LED. Tsawon lambobi shine 0.4 inches (10.16 mm). Kunshin yana da fuskar launin toka da sassa masu fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci ta hanyar rage hasken yanayi da ke nunawa daga wuraren da ba su aiki ba. Cikakken zanen injiniya zai nuna girman gabaɗaya, girman sashe da tazara, tazarar jagora (fil), da matsayin duk wani mai nuna alama (kamar tsaga ko ɗigo kusa da fil 1). Tazarar fil yawanci tana kan grid 0.1-inch (2.54 mm), wanda shine daidaitaccen abubuwan da ke ratsa rami. Daidaitaccen sawun ƙafa da shimfidar gado na PCB da aka ba da shawarar suna da mahimmanci don nasarar gyaɗa da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

6. Haɗin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

LTD-4608JF yana da tsarin fil 10 (fil 5 a kowane gefe). Tsarin fil kamar haka ne: Fil 1: Cathode C, Fil 2: Cathode D.P. (Matsakaicin Ɗaki), Fil 3: Cathode E, Fil 4: Common Anode (Lamba 2), Fil 5: Cathode D, Fil 6: Cathode F, Fil 7: Cathode G, Fil 8: Cathode B, Fil 9: Common Anode (Lamba 1), Fil 10: Cathode A. Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna cewa kowane lamba wani kumburi ne na gama-gari daban. Duk cathodes na sashe don harafi iri ɗaya (misali, duk sassan 'A') an haɗa su tare a ciki a cikin lambobi biyu. Wannan gine-gine yana da kyau ga sarrafawa da yawa, inda anodes (Lamba 1 da Lamba 2) ke kunna su a jere a babban mitar, kuma ana ja daidaitattun cathodes na sashe ƙasa don haskaka wannan sashe akan lambar da ke aiki.

7. Jagororin Gyaɗa da Haɗawa

Kamar yadda Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga ya nuna, dole ne a sarrafa tsarin gyaɗa a hankali. Don gyaɗa ta igiyar ruwa ko hannu, mafi girman zafin gyaɗa da aka ba da shawarar shine 260°C, kuma mafi girman lokacin bayyanawa a wannan zafin bai kamata ya wuce dakika 3 ba. Ma'aunin ma'auni shine 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na jikin kunshin. Wannan yana hana wuce gona da iri na zafi daga jagororin ya tafi sama ya lalata haɗin semiconductor mai hankali a cikin kunshin epoxy. Yin amfani da mai hura zafi akan jagororin yayin gyaɗa hannu aiki ne mai kyau. Don tsaftacewa, yakamata a yi amfani da kaushi na yau da kullun waɗanda suka dace da epoxy da tawada alama. Yakamata a adana na'urar a cikin jakar ta ta asali mai hana danshi a cikin yanayi a cikin kewayon zafin ajiya da aka ƙayyade kuma a ƙarancin zafi don hana oxidize na jagororin.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan na'urar nuni ta dace da kowane aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karatun lambobi biyu masu ƙarfi, masu haske. Misalai sun haɗa da: ma'aunin zafi/ma'aunin zafi na dijital, na'urorin nuna lokaci/ƙidaya, karatun ma'aunin dijital mai sauƙi, masu nuna matakin cajin baturi, na'urorin nuna gudu na fanfo ko injina, na'urorin nuna saiti na tanda/microwave, da allunan maki don ƙananan wasanni.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira da Da'irori

Ƙirar tare da wannan na'urar nuni tana buƙatar da'irar sarrafawa. Tsarin gama-gari yana sauƙaƙa amfani da transistor na PNP ko MOSFET na P-channel (don wutar lantarki mafi girma) don sauya samar da anode don kowane lamba. Cathodes na sashe yawanci ana sarrafa su ta hanyar takamaiman IC mai sarrafa LED (kamar MAX7219 ko TM1637) ko kai tsaye ta hanyar filolin GPIO na microcontroller ta hanyar masu hana wutar lantarki. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (Vcc - Vf_led) / I_led, inda Vcc shine wutar lantarki don sassan (lokacin da lambar ta kunna), Vf_led shine wutar lantarki ta gaba na LED (yi amfani da 2.6V na yau da kullun), kuma I_led shine wutar lantarki na sashe da ake so (kada ta wuce 25 mA ci gaba, amma sau da yawa ana amfani da 10-20 mA don daidaita haske da wutar lantarki). Don aiki da yawa, kololuwar wutar lantarki a kowane sashe na iya zama mafi girma (har zuwa ƙimar bugun jini na 60 mA) don rama ƙarancin aikin aiki, amma matsakaicin wutar lantarki dole ne ya kasance a cikin ƙimar ci gaba. Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙimar sabunta daidai (yawanci >60 Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar na'urorin nuni na incandescent ko vacuum fluorescent (VFDs), wannan na'urar nuni ta LED tana ba da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki sosai, tsawon rayuwa, da mafi girman juriya ga girgiza/girgiza. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin LED, amfani da kayan AlInGaP don launin rago yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafi fiye da wasu tsofaffin LED na rago na tushen phosphor. Idan aka kwatanta da na'urar nuni ta lamba ɗaya, kunshin haɗin lambobi biyu yana adana sararin PCB kuma yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa idan aka kwatanta da amfani da raka'a biyu daban. Babban bambance-bambancensa shine takamaiman tsawon lambobi 0.4-inch, launin rago, tsarin gama-gari, da rarrabuwar ƙarfin haskakawa don daidaito.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya sarrafa wannan na'urar nuni kai tsaye daga filin microcontroller na 5V?

A: Ba kai tsaye ba tare da resistor mai hana wutar lantarki ba. Tare da samar da wutar lantarki 5V da Vf na yau da kullun na 2.6V, ana buƙatar resistor na jerin gwano. Misali, don cimma 15 mA: R = (5V - 2.6V) / 0.015A ≈ 160 ohms. Filin microcontroller kuma dole ne ya iya nutse da wutar lantarki da ake buƙata (15 mA a wannan yanayin), wanda yawancin microcontrollers na zamani zasu iya yi a kowane fil.

Q: Menene manufar ma'aunin daidaiton ƙarfin haskakawa 2:1?

A: Yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani. Ba tare da wannan ƙayyadaddun ba, wani sashe (misali, sashe 'A') zai iya zama mai haske ko duhu sosai fiye da wani sashe (misali, sashe 'G') akan lamba ɗaya lokacin da aka sarrafa su iri ɗaya, wanda zai yi kama da rashin ƙwararru. Wannan ma'auni yana tabbatar da cewa duk sassan da ke cikin na'urar suna da inganci iri ɗaya.

Q: Ta yaya zan sarrafa matsakaicin ƙaki?

A: Matsakaicin ƙaki (D.P.) wani sashe ne na LED mai nasa cathode (Fil 2). Ba a haɗa shi da takamaiman anode na lamba a ciki ba. Don haskaka matsakaicin ƙaki don Lamba 1, za ku kunna common anode na Lamba 1 (Fil 9) kuma ku ja D.P. cathode (Fil 2) ƙasa. Don matsakaicin ƙaki na Lamba 2, kunna anode na Lamba 2 (Fil 4) kuma ku ja Fil 2 ƙasa.

Q: Shin zan iya amfani da wannan a waje?

A: Kewayon zafin aiki (-35°C zuwa +85°C) yana nuna cewa zai iya ɗaukar yanayi daban-daban. Duk da haka, takardar bayanai ba ta ƙayyade ƙimar Shigar da Kariya (IP) akan ƙura da ruwa ba. Don amfani a waje, da alama za a buƙaci na'urar nuni ta kasance a bayan taga mai kariya ko a cikin gida mai rufewa, mai rufi don hana shigar da danshi da datti, wanda zai iya lalata na'urar ko kuma ya ɓoye gani.

11. Ƙira da Amfani na Aikace-aikace

Yi la'akari da ƙirar ma'aunin wutar lantarki na dijital mai sauƙi wanda ke karanta 0.0 zuwa 9.9 volts. LTD-4608JF zai dace sosai. Microcontroller tare da mai canza analog zuwa dijital (ADC) zai auna wutar lantarki ta shigarwa. Firmware zai auna karatun kuma ya raba shi zuwa lambobi biyu (goma da ɗaya) tare da matsakaicin ƙaki. Za a iya amfani da IC mai sarrafawa kamar TM1637, wanda ke da da'irar bincike da haɗawa da masu sarrafa wutar lantarki akai-akai, don haɗawa tsakanin microcontroller da na'urar nuni. TM1637 zai haɗa zuwa common anodes biyu da cathodes na sashe bakwai (A-G). Microcontroller yana aika bayanan serial zuwa TM1637 yana ƙayyade waɗanne sassan za a haskaka don kowane lamba. Siffar wutar lantarki akai-akai na mai sarrafawa yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske ba tare da la'akari da ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin wutar lantarki ta gaba ba. Sau da yawa ana zaɓar launin rago don allunan kayan aiki saboda kyakkyawan ganinsa da ƙarancin gajiyar ido idan aka kwatanta da wasu LED masu shuɗi ko fari a cikin yanayi mara haske.

12. Gabatarwa Kan Ka'idar Aiki

Tushen ka'idar aiki ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n na semiconductor. Kayan AlInGaP semiconductor ne mai tsaka-tsakin kai tsaye. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta gaba wacce ta wuce wutar lantarki ta kunna haɗin (kusan 2V) aka yi amfani da ita, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan taron sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kuma yana ƙayyade tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na photons da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, launin rago (~605-611 nm). Kowane sashe na na'urar nuni ta sassa bakwai yana ɗauke da ɗaya ko fiye da waɗannan ƙananan na'urorin LED da aka saka a cikin kunshin. Ta hanyar zaɓin amfani da bias na gaba ga na'urorin da suka dace da takamaiman sassan (ta hanyar filolin cathode) yayin samar da hanyar wutar lantarki ta hanyar common anode, sassan daban-daban suna haskakawa don samar da lambobi da haruffa.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Duk da yake na'urorin nuni na LED masu sassa bakwai masu hankali kamar LTD-4608JF suna ci gaba da kasancewa masu dacewa ga aikace-aikace da yawa saboda sauƙinsu, ƙarfi, da ƙarancin farashi don karatun lambobi na musamman, babban trend a cikin fasahar nuni yana zuwa ga haɗawa da sassauci. Madadin zamani sun haɗa da na'urorin nuni na LED na matrix-dot (waɗanda zasu iya nuna cikakken haruffa da zane-zane masu sauƙi), na'urorin nuni na LED na Organic (OLED) waɗanda ke ba da mafi girman bambanci da kusurwoyin kallo, da na'urorin nuni na ruwa mai ruwa (LCDs) tare da fitilun baya na LED don ƙarancin wutar lantarki a cikin yanayi mai tsayi. Bugu da ƙari, na'urorin lantarki na sarrafawa suna ƙara haɗawa, tare da yawancin na'urorin nuni "mai hankali" na zamani waɗanda suka haɗa da mai sarrafawa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kuma wani lokacin ma hanyar sadarwa (kamar I2C ko SPI) akan ƙaramin PCB a bayan na'urar nuni, yana sauƙaƙa aikin microcontroller mai masaukin baki. Duk da haka, ga aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar lambobi na asali kawai, yanayin muhalli yana da wahala, ko kuma farashi shine babban mai sarrafawa, na'urorin nuni na LED na sassa bakwai na al'ada kamar wannan suna ci gaba da zama zaɓi mai aminci da inganci. Ci gaban da aka samu a cikin kayan LED, kamar AlInGaP da aka yi amfani da shi a nan, sun inganta inganci, haske, da kwanciyar hankali na launi akan fasahohin farko.