SMD Infrared LED 0.8mm Tsayi Flat Top - 1.6V - 875nm - 110mW - Takardun Bayani na Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fasaha don ƙaramin diode mai fitar da infrared (IR) mai hawa a saman. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tushen hasken infrared mai ƙarfi, mai aminci wanda ya dace da na'urorin gani na silicon.

1.1 Siffofi na Asali da Matsayi

LED yana da siffar sa ta musamman mai ƙarancin tsayi na 0.8mm, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirar PCB masu ƙarancin sarari. Yana da ruwan tabarau na flat-top da aka ƙera daga filastik mai tsabta, wanda ke ba da takamaiman tsarin radiation. An gina na'urar ta amfani da kayan chip na GaAlAs (Gallium Aluminum Arsenide), wanda aka inganta don fitar da infrared. Babban fa'idar ƙira shine fitowar sa na tsinkaya, wanda ya dace da lankwasa na hankali na na'urorin gani na silicon da phototransistors na gama gari, yana haɓaka ingancin gano a cikin tsarin na'urori.

1.2 Daidaitawa da ƙayyadaddun muhalli

Bangaren ya dace da manyan umarni na muhalli da aminci. An ƙera shi azaman samfurin mara gubar (lead-free). Hakanan ya dace da buƙatun marasa halogen, musamman yana iyakance abun ciki na Bromine (Br) da Chlorine (Cl) zuwa ƙasa da 900 ppm kowane ɗayan kuma jimlar haɗin gwiwa ƙasa da 1500 ppm. An ƙera samfurin don kasancewa cikin iyakokin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa masu haɗari).

2. Bincike na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ƙididdige iyakoki na cikakke da daidaitattun halaye na aiki na LED infrared. Duk ma'auni an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafi na yanayi (Ta) na 25°C sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka.

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (I_F):65 mA
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V
• Yanayin Zafi na Aiki (T_opr):-25°C zuwa +85°C
• Yanayin Zafi na Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +85°C
• Yanayin Zafi na Solder (T_sol):260°C na tsawon lokacin da bai wuce dakika 5 ba.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):110 mW (a ko ƙasa da 25°C yanayin iska kyauta).

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana daidaitattun aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (I_F= 20mA, Ta=25°C).

• Ƙarfin Radiant (I_e):0.2 mW/sr (Mafi ƙarancin), 0.5 mW/sr (Na al'ada). Wannan yana auna ƙarfin haske da ake fitarwa kowace raka'ar kusurwa mai ƙarfi.
• Tsawon Tsinkaya Mafi Girma (λ_p):875 nm (Na al'ada). Wannan shine tsawon tsinkaya inda fitowar gani ta fi ƙarfi.
• Faɗin Tsinkaya (Δλ):80 nm (Na al'ada). Wannan yana nuna kewayon tsinkayar da ake fitarwa, yawanci ana auna shi a rabin mafi girman ƙarfi (FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Gaba na Wutar Lantarki (V_F):1.3 V (Na al'ada), 1.6 V (Mafi girma). Faɗuwar wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake gudanar da 20mA.
• Ƙarfin Baya (I_R):10 µA (Mafi girma). Ƙarfin yabo lokacin da aka yi amfani da 5V a cikin bias na baya.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):145° (Na al'ada). Cikakkiyar kusurwar da ƙarfin radiant ya rabi na mafi girman ƙarfi (a 0°). Ruwan tabarau na flat-top yana ba da gudummawa ga wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa.

3. Bincike na Lankwasa na Aiki

Takardun bayani ta haɗa da jadawali da yawa da ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan lankwasawa suna da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin ƙira don hasashen aiki a aikace-aikacen gaske.

3.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan lankwasa yana nuna raguwar matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba da aka yarda yayin da yanayin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Don hana lalacewa ta zafi, dole ne a rage ƙarfin gaba lokacin aiki sama da 25°C. Ƙimar rushewar wutar lantarki na 110mW wani muhimmin abu ne a cikin wannan lissafin raguwa.

3.2 Rarraba Tsarin Tsinkaya

Jadawalin yana kwatanta fitowar ƙarfin gani na dangi a cikin bakan tsinkaya. Yana tabbatar da mafi girman fitarwa a kusan 875nm da faɗin tsinkaya na ~80nm, yana nuna daidaitawa da hankalin mai gano silicon (wanda ya kai kololuwa a kusa da 800-900nm).

3.3 Ƙarfin Dangi vs. Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan makircin yana kwatanta alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin tuƙi da fitowar haske. Yawanci yana nuna yanayin ƙasa-layin layi, inda ƙara ƙarfin yana haifar da raguwar riba a cikin ƙarfin radiant, musamman yayin da tasirin zafi ya zama mahimmanci. Wannan yana sanar da yanke shawara kan ƙarfin tuƙi don fitarwa da ake so da inganci da tsawon rayuwar na'urar.

3.4 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba na Wutar Lantarki

Lankwasa IV (Current-Voltage) shine tushe don ƙirar da'ira. Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, yana ba masu ƙira damar ƙididdige madaidaicin resistor na jerin don wani ƙayyadadden ƙarfin wutar lantarki don cimma maƙasudin ƙarfin tuƙi (misali, 20mA). Na al'ada V_Fna 1.3V wani muhimmin ƙima ne don waɗannan lissafin.

3.5 Ƙarfin Dangi na Radiant vs. Matsakaicin Karkacewa

Wannan makircin polar yana wakiltar tsarin radiation ko kusurwar dubawa ta gani. An tabbatar da kusurwar dubawa na 145° a nan, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin yake raguwa yayin da kusurwa daga tsakiyar axis (0°) ke ƙaruwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don daidaita LED tare da mai gano a aikace-aikacen na'ura.

4. Bayanan Injiniya da Kunshewa

4.1 Girman Kunshin

An sanya na'urar a cikin kunshin hawa a saman mai ƙaramin ƙarfi. Muhimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki na kusan 1.6mm x 1.2mm tare da jimillar tsayi na 0.8mm. Ana samun fakitin anode da cathode a ƙasan kunshin. Cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya a cikin takardun bayani suna ba da duk mahimman girma tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na ±0.1mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (sawun ƙafa) don ƙirar PCB a matsayin tunani, amma ana shawarar masu ƙira su gyara shi bisa takamaiman tsarin haɗawa da buƙatun aminci.

4.2 Gano Polarity

Kunshin ya haɗa da mai nuna polarity, yawanci notch ko alama a ƙarshen ɗaya, don bambanta anode daga cathode. Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci don aikin da'ira.

4.3 Kunshewa don Haɗawa

Ana samar da abubuwan a kan tef da reel don dacewa da kayan aikin haɗawa na atomatik. Faɗin tef shine 8mm, an nannade akan daidaitaccen reel mai diamita 7-inch. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 3000. An ba da girman tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya don tabbatar da dacewa da tsarin ciyarwa.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin na'urar da aiki.

5.1 Ajiya da Hanzarin Danshi

Ana sanya LED ɗin a cikin jakar kariya daga danshi tare da desiccant. Kada a buɗe jakar har sai an shirya abubuwan don amfani. Kafin buɗewa, ajiye a 10-30°C tare da ≤90% RH. Bayan buɗewa, "rayuwar bene" shine sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) lokacin da aka ajiye a 10-30°C da ≤60% RH. Dole ne a sake sanya sassan da ba a yi amfani da su ba tare da desiccant. Idan rayuwar bene ko kwanciyar hankali ta wuce, ana buƙatar yin burodi a 60°C ±5°C na sa'o'i 96 kafin amfani don cire danshin da aka sha kuma don hana "popcorning" yayin solder reflow.

5.2 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ba da shawarar yanayin zafi na solder reflow mara gubar. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da matakin preheat, ƙayyadadden ƙimar haɓakawa, matsakaicin zafi bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL) wanda ya dace da man solder. Kada a yi solder reflow fiye da sau biyu akan na'urar ɗaya. Dole ne a guje wa damuwa akan jikin LED yayin dumama da karkatar da PCB bayan solder.

5.3 Solder da Hannu da Gyara

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, ana buƙatar kulawa mai tsanani. Yanayin zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe na solder ya kamata ya kasance ƙasa da 350°C, ana amfani da shi ga kowane tasha ba fiye da dakika 3 ba. Ana ba da shawarar ƙarfe mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki (≤25W). Ya kamata a ba da tazarar sanyaya aƙalla dakika 2 tsakanin solder tashoshi biyu. Ana ƙarfafa hana gyara bayan an solder LED. Idan ba za a iya gujewa ba, dole ne a yi amfani da takamaiman ƙarfe na solder mai tukwici biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda da ɗaga kayan ba tare da amfani da damuwa na injiniya ba. Dole ne a tabbatar da tasirin gyara akan halayen na'urar a baya.

6. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙirƙira

6.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Farko

• Na'urori masu auna Infrared da aka haɗa a PCB:Gano kusanci, gano abu, bin layi.
• Raka'o'in Sarrafa Infrared:Ya dace da ƙira masu buƙatar mafi girman ƙarfin fitarwa don tsawaita kewayon.
• Na'urori masu dubawa:Masu karanta barcode, na'urori masu dubawa takardu.
• Tsarin Infrared na Gabaɗaya:Duk wani aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tushen IR mai ƙarfi, mai inganci wanda aka haɗa tare da mai gano silicon.

6.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ƙirƙira

• Iyakancewar Ƙarfi:Resistor na waje na jerin ya zama DOLE. Halayen IV na LED na ma'ana yana nufin ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin wutar lantarki na iya haifar da babban, lalacewa na ƙarfi. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Dole ne a mutunta iyakar rushewar wutar lantarki na 110mW. Yi la'akari da yankin tagulla na PCB (fakitin zafi) don nutsewar zafi, musamman lokacin tuƙi a manyan ƙarfi ko a cikin manyan yanayin yanayi.
• Daidaituwar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa na 145° yana sauƙaƙa daidaitawa amma yana rage ƙarfi a takamaiman batu. Don haskoki masu mai da hankali, ana iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na waje.
• Kariyar Lantarki:Ƙananan ƙimar ƙarfin baya (5V) yana nufin dole ne a yi taka-tsan-tsan don guje wa yanayin bias na baya, wanda ƙarfin lodi ko kuskuren shimfidar PCB zai iya haifar da shi.

6.3 Kwatance da Abubuwan Zaɓi

Lokacin zaɓen LED IR, mahimman abubuwan banbanta sun haɗa da:
Girman Kunshin/Tsayi:Bayanan samfurin 0.8mm na wannan na'urar babban fa'ida ne don ƙira masu siriri.
Kusurwar Dubawa:Ruwan tabarau na flat-top, mai faɗin kusurwa ya dace don faɗin ɗaukar hoto, yayin da ruwan tabarau na domed suna ba da ƙarin haskoki masu mai da hankali.
Tsawon Tsinkaya:Kololuwar 875nm daidaitaccen daidaitacce ne ga silicon. Sauran tsinkaya (misali, 940nm) suna ba da ƙarancin ganuwa amma suna iya samun ɗan ƙaramin amsa mai gano.
Ƙarfin Radiant:Fitowar al'ada na 0.5mW/sr ya dace da aikace-aikace masu yawa na matsakaicin kewayon. Ana samun na'urori masu fitarwa mafi girma amma suna iya cinikin girma ko kusurwar dubawa.

7. Bayanan Alama da Oda

Alamar reel tana ɗauke da mahimman bayanai don gano asali da sarrafa samarwa. Filayen yawanci sun haɗa da: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (P/N), Lambar Lot (LOT No), Yawa (QTY), Tsawon Tsinkaya Mafi Girma (H.E.), Matsayi na Aiki (CAT), Lambar Tunani (REF), Matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL-X), da Ƙasar Samarwa (An Yi A). Takamaiman lambar sashe na wannan na'urar shine SIR19-21C/TR8, inda "TR8" ke nuna tef ɗin 8mm akan kunshin reel.

8. Ka'idojin Fasaha da Trends

8.1 Ka'idar Aiki

LED infrared diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi bias gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki (chip ɗin GaAlAs), suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na kayan GaAlAs yana ƙayyade tsawon tsinkaya na photon, yana haifar da hasken infrared a kusa da 875nm. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana kare guntu kuma yana siffata tsarin hasken da aka fitar.

8.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Trend a cikin SMD optoelectronics yana ci gaba zuwa ƙananan ƙira, mafi inganci, da mafi girman haɗin kai. Akwai ƙarin buƙatu don ƙananan ƙafafun kunshin da ƙananan tsayi don ba da damar ƙananan kayan lantarki na mabukaci. Ci gaba a cikin ƙirar guntu da kayan kunshe yana nufin isar da mafi girman ƙarfin radiant daga ƙananan na'urori yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aminci. Haɗawa tare da direbobi da na'urori a cikin modules na guntu da yawa (MCMs) ko mafita na tsarin-a-kunshi (SiP) shima yanki ne mai girma, yana sauƙaƙe ƙira da adana sararin allo.