Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfurin
- 1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
- 1.2 Kasuwar da Ake Nufa
- 2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke
- 2.3 Abubuwan da suka shafi Zafi
- 3.1 Binning Tsawon Tsawon / Launi
- 3.2 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken
- 3.3 Binning Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba
- 4.1 Lanƙwasa Halin Yanzu vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (I-V)
- 4.2 Halayen Zazzabi
- 4.3 Rarraba Bakan
- 5.1 Zane-zane na Girma
- 5.2 Ƙirar Fakitin & Gano Polarity
- 5.3 Kullewa da Cika Mannewa
- 6.1 Sigogi na Haɗa Guduro na SMT Reflow
- 6.2 Yanayin Sarrafawa da Ajiya
- 7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Fakitin
- 7.2 Fakitin Mai Jure Danshi
- 8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 8.2 Abubuwan da suka shafi Ƙira
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfurin
Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na babban aikin RGB (Ja, Koren, Shudi) Surface Mount Device (SMD) LED mai cikakken launi. An ƙera na'urar da tsarin anode gama gari kuma tana da cikakken launin baƙi mai matte don haɓaka bambanci, wanda ya sa ta dace musamman ga aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar tasirin gani mai ƙarfi. Ƙananan girmansa da ƙirar ƙarfi suna ba da damar aiki mai aminci a cikin yanayi daban-daban masu ƙalubale.
1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali
Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110, wanda ke tabbatar da rarraba haske iri ɗaya. Tana ba da ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarancin watsi da wutar lantarki, wanda ke taimakawa wajen ingantaccen amfani da makamashi da tsawon rayuwar aiki. An ƙididdige na'urar don jure ruwa (IPX6), tana da matakin hankali na Danshi (MSL) na 5a, kuma tana bin ka'idodin RoHS, wanda ya sa ta dace don zamani, tsarin masana'antu mai hankali ga muhalli. Ƙirarta tana goyan bayan haɗa guduro mara gubar.
1.2 Kasuwar da Ake Nufa
Wannan samfurin an yi niyya ne musamman ga kasuwannin nuni da hasken kayan ado. Babban aikace-aikacensa ya haɗa da allunan bidiyo na waje masu cikakken launi, tsarin hasken kayan ado na ciki da waje, samfuran nishaɗi da nishaɗi, da sauran aikace-aikacen gama gari waɗanda ke buƙatar haske mai cikakken launi mai raɗaɗi.
2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha
Sashe masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman sigogi na fasaha na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
2.1 Halayen Lantarki & Na Gani
An ƙididdige duk ma'auni a daidaitaccen zafin haɗin gwiwa (Ts) na 25°C.
- Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ragewar wutar lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki. Don tashar Ja a 15mA, VFya kewayo daga 1.7V (m) zuwa 2.4V (ma). Don tashoshin Koren da Shudi, VFya kewayo daga 2.7V zuwa 3.4V a ƙarfin gwajin nasu (15mA don Koren, 10mA don Shudi). Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan bambanci a cikin ƙirar da'irar tuƙi don tabbatar da daidaitaccen halin yanzu da fitar da launi.
- Ƙarfin Hasken (IV):Ma'auni na ƙarfin hasken da ake gani. Tashar Ja tana da matsakaicin ƙarfi na 420 mcd, Koren 740 mcd, da Shudi 115 mcd. An ƙayyade Kewayon Binning don ƙarfi shine 1:1.3 ga duk launuka, ma'ana matsakaicin ƙarfi a cikin kwandon ba zai wuce sau 1.3 na mafi ƙanƙanta ba. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don cimma daidaiton launi a cikin jerin nunin.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λD):Yana ayyana launin da ake gani. Ja: 617-628 nm (binning 5nm). Koren: 520-540 nm (binning 3nm). Shudi: 460-475 nm (binning 3nm). Matsakaicin binning (3nm) don Koren da Shudi yana nuna fifikon mahimmanci akan tsaftar launi da daidaito a cikin waɗannan tashoshi don daidaitaccen haɗa launuka.
- Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):Faɗin bakan da aka fitar a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfinsa. Ƙimar sune Ja: 24 nm, Koren: 38 nm, Shudi: 30 nm. Ƙuntataccen bandwidth gabaɗaya yana nuna launi mai cikar cikawa, mai tsafta.
- Halin Yanzu na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin halin yanzu na ɓarna na 6 μA a ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V ga duk tashoshi.
- Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi na matsakaicin ƙarfi. Wannan na'urar tana da faɗin kusurwar digiri 110, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin gani.
2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke
Waɗannan su ne iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki a ko kusa da waɗannan iyakokin ba.
- Halin Yanzu na Gaba (IF):Ja: 20 mA, Koren: 15 mA, Shudi: 15 mA. Wucewa da waɗannan ƙimomi na iya haifar da gazawa mai ban tsoro saboda zafi mai yawa.
- Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V ga duk tashoshi. Yin amfani da mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya zai iya rushe haɗin LED.
- Zazzabi na Aiki (TOPR):-30°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don yin aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin yanayi.
- Zazzabi na Ajiya (TSTG):-40°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da amfani da wutar lantarki ba a cikin wannan kewayon.
2.3 Abubuwan da suka shafi Zafi
Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani ba tare da ƙimar juriya na zafi (Rth) ba, matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu da zafin jiki sune manyan ƙuntatawa na zafi. Ana iya ƙididdige watsi da wutar lantarki ga kowane tashoshi kamar P = VF* IF. A mahimman wuraren aiki, wannan yana haifar da kusan 0.036W don Ja, 0.051W don Koren, da 0.027W don Shudi. Daidaitaccen ƙirar zafi na PCB, gami da isassun fakitin tagulla da yuwuwar hanyoyin zafi, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman yayin ci gaba da aiki ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai yawa, don tabbatar da tsawon rayuwa da kwanciyar hankali na aikin gani.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna zayyana tsarin binning mai mahimmanci don daidaiton samarwa.
3.1 Binning Tsawon Tsawon / Launi
An tsara matsakaicin tsawon tsawon zuwa kwandon. LED Ja yana amfani da matakin binning na 5nm (misali, 617-622nm, 622-627nm, da sauransu), yayin da Koren da Shudi ke amfani da matsin matakin binning na 3nm. Wannan yana ba masu kera su damar zaɓar LED daga takamaiman kwandon don cimma burin farin farin ko gamut launi lokacin da aka haɗa tashoshin RGB, yana rage bambancin launi a cikin nunin ko kayan haske.
3.2 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken
An yi binning ƙarfin haske tare da rabo na 1:1.3. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin kwandon samarwa guda ɗaya, LED mafi haske ba zai wuce sau 1.3 fiye da LED mafi duhu ba. Yin amfani da LED daga kwandon ƙarfi iri ɗaya yana da mahimmanci don cimma daidaiton haske a cikin jeri, yana hana ganin wurare "mai zafi" ko "sanyi" a cikin nunin.
3.3 Binning Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba
Duk da yake ba a ayyana shi a fili tare da lambobin bin ba, ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna ba da mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin VFƙimomi. A aikace, ana yawan ƙara binning LED ta ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba don sauƙaƙe ƙirar tuƙi na halin yanzu da inganta inganci a cikin gungu na na'urori.
4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki
Ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna nuni zuwa lanƙwasa halayen gani na yau da kullun. Duk da yake ba a sake yin ainihin zane-zanen a nan ba, ana bincika tasirinsu gabaɗaya.
4.1 Lanƙwasa Halin Yanzu vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (I-V)
Lanƙwasa I-V na kowane tashar launi (Ja, Koren, Shudi) zai nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba. Bambance-bambancen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na kunna (ƙasa don Ja, mafi girma don Koren/Shudi) suna bayyana. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don zaɓar ƙarfin wutar lantarki masu dacewa don da'irori masu halin yanzu.
4.2 Halayen Zazzabi
Lanƙwasa na yau da kullun zai kwatanta yadda mahimman sigogi ke canzawa tare da zafin jiki. Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru. Ƙarfin haske shima yakan ragu tare da haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa. Fahimtar waɗannan alaƙa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar tsarin da ke kiyaye daidaitaccen launi da haske a cikin duk kewayon zafin aiki, galibi suna buƙatar ramawa na zafin jiki a cikin da'irar tuƙi.
4.3 Rarraba Bakan
Taswirar rarraba bakan suna nuna ƙarfin da aka fitar a kowane tsawon tsawon. Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon da ƙimar faɗin bakan da aka bayar an samo su daga irin waɗannan taswirar. Siffar da tsaftar waɗannan bakan suna tasiri kai tsaye ga ikon nuna launi da haɗawa na LED.
5. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakitin
5.1 Zane-zane na Girma
Na'urar tana da ƙananan ƙafa mai aunin 2.05mm (tsawon) x 2.15mm (faɗi) x 1.9mm (tsayi). Duk ƙimar girman girman shine ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Fakitin yana da ƙaramin bayani wanda ya dace da ƙira masu siriri.
5.2 Ƙirar Fakitin & Gano Polarity
An ba da tsarin fakitin haɗa guduro da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da daidaitaccen haɗin injiniya da aikin zafi. Na'urar tana amfani da tsarin anode gama gari. Pin 1 shine anode gama gari (+). Pin 2, 3, da 4 sune cathodes na LED na Ja, Koren, da Shudi, bi da bi. An nuna alamar polarity a fili (digi ko chamfer) a saman fakitin don hana kurakuran haɗawa.
5.3 Kullewa da Cika Mannewa
Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarin kariyar muhalli ko tasirin gani, ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna ba da jagora don cika mannewa. Ana ba da shawarar cewa tsayin cikawa ya zama mafi girma ko daidai da 0.75mm don rufe isassun haɗin waya da tsarin guntu.
6. Jagororin Haɗa Guduro & Haɗawa
6.1 Sigogi na Haɗa Guduro na SMT Reflow
Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin haɗa guduro mara gubar. Duk da yake ba a yi cikakken bayani game da bayanin reflow ba, yakamata a bi daidaitattun bayanan JEDEC don haɗawa mara gubar. Dole ne a sarrafa matsakaicin zafin jiki da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa don hana lalata epoxy na LED, haɗin waya, ko guntu. Matakin Hankali na Danshi (MSL) na 5a yana tilasta cewa dole ne a gasa na'urar kafin haɗa guduro idan an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi fiye da sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) a ƙarƙashin yanayin bene na masana'anta (30°C/60%RH).
6.2 Yanayin Sarrafawa da Ajiya
Daidaitaccen ajiya yana da mahimmanci. Yakamata a ajiye na'urori a cikin jakunkunan shinge na danshi na asali tare da busassun abinci a cikin yanayi mai bushewa. Kewayon zafin ajiya shine -40°C zuwa +100°C. Yakamata a kula da kariya daga tashin hankali yayin sarrafawa don hana lalacewa daga fitar da tashin hankali (ESD), ko da yake ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba su lissafa takamaiman ƙimar ESD ba.
7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda
7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Fakitin
Ana samar da LED gabaɗaya a cikin kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya da fakitin reel don haɗawa ta atomatik. An ƙayyade cikakkun ma'auni don aljihun kaset ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya da reel don tabbatar da dacewa da daidaitattun kayan aikin zaɓi da wuri.
7.2 Fakitin Mai Jure Danshi
Kamar yadda ake da matakin MSL 5a, ana tattara na'urori a cikin jakunkunan shinge na danshi tare da katin nuna danshi da busassun abinci don kare su daga danshin yanayi yayin ajiya da sufuri.
8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- Allunan Bidiyo na Waje Masu Cikakken Launi:Babban bambancin farin baƙar fata, faɗin kusurwar kallo, da kyakkyawan ƙarfin haske sun sa wannan LED ya dace da ma'auni na pixel da ake amfani da su a cikin nunin waje. Ƙimar IPX6 tana ba da kariya daga jefar da ruwa.
- Hasken Kayan Ado na Ciki/Waje:Ƙarfin cikakken launi yana ba da damar haɗa launin RGB mai ƙarfi, wanda ya dace da hasken ƙira na gine-gine, alamar alama, da hasken yanayi.
- Nishaɗi & Nishaɗi:Ya dace don haɗawa cikin wasanni, hawan mota, da kayan aikin mu'amala inda ake buƙatar haske mai raɗaɗi, mai aminci.
8.2 Abubuwan da suka shafi Ƙira
- Da'irar Tuƙi:Yi amfani da tuƙi na halin yanzu na dindindin ga kowane tashar launi (ko haɗaɗɗen tuƙi tare da sarrafa tashar kowane) don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na launi da haske. Yi la'akari da bambance-bambancen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na tashoshin RGB.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Ƙirar PCB tare da isassun yanki na tagulla don fakitin LED don zama mai sanyaya zafi. Don jerin masu yawa ko yanayin zafi mai yawa, yi la'akari da ƙarin dabarun sarrafa zafi.
- Ƙirar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110 na iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu watsawa) idan ana son ƙarin haske mai mai da hankali. Farin baƙar fata na matte yana taimakawa rage hasashe maras so.
- Kariya daga Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya:Ko da yake LED na iya jure har zuwa 5V a baya, yana da kyau a haɗa kariya a cikin da'irar (misali, ta amfani da diode na jerin ga kowane tashar a layi daya tare da LED) idan akwai wani haɗarin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya da ake amfani da shi, kamar a cikin tsare-tsaren tuƙi masu yawa ko saboda kurakuran wayoyi.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance
Idan aka kwatanta da LED na RGB na gabaɗaya, wannan na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi daban-daban masu dacewa da aikace-aikacen ƙwararru:
- Ƙirar Bambanci Mai Ƙarfi:Cikakken farin baƙar fata na matte yana inganta rabon bambanci sosai a cikin aikace-aikacen nunin, musamman a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske mai yawa, yana haifar da baƙar fata masu duhu da launuka masu raɗaɗi.
- Binning da aka Ayyana:Ƙayyadaddun binning tsawon tsawon da ƙarfi (rabo 1:1.3, matakai 3nm/5nm) yana ba da matakin daidaito da tsinkaya wanda ke da mahimmanci don samar da nunin mai inganci, yana rage ƙoƙarin daidaitawa bayan samarwa.
- Ƙarfin Muhalli:Haɗin ƙimar jure ruwa na IPX6 da ƙimar MSL 5a yana nuna fakitin da aka ƙera don jure ƙarin yanayi masu ƙalubale yayin haɗawa da aiki fiye da LED na kasuwanci na yau da kullun.
10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)
Q: Me yasa gwajin halin yanzu ya bambanta ga tashoshin Ja (15mA), Koren (15mA), da Shudi (10mA)?
A: Wannan yana nuna mahimman wuraren aiki na yau da kullun don cimma maƙasudin daidaiton farin ko takamaiman matakan haske tsakanin launuka. Ƙananan halin yanzu don Shudi ya zama ruwan dare saboda LED shudi sau da yawa suna da ingantaccen haske (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace mA) ko kuma ana tuƙa su a ƙananan halin yanzu don daidaita jimillar fitar da launi da ƙarfin tsarin.
Q: Menene Kewayon Binning na 1:1.3 yana nufi ga ƙarfin haske?
A: Yana nufin cewa a cikin kwandon da aka saya guda ɗaya, LED mafi haske ba zai wuce 30% mafi haske fiye da LED mafi duhu ba. Misali, idan mafi ƙanƙanta IVa cikin kwandon Ja shine 265 mcd, matsakaicin zai zama ≤ 345 mcd. Wannan matsanancin sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci ga daidaiton nunin.
Q: Na'urar ita ce MSL 5a. Menene wannan ke nufi ga tsarin haɗawa na?
A: Matakin Hankali na Danshi 5a yana nuna cewa ana iya fallasa na'urar ga yanayin bene na masana'anta (≤ 30°C / 60% RH) har zuwa sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) bayan an buɗe jakar. Idan ba a haɗa guduro ba a cikin wannan lokacin, dole ne a gasa shi bisa ga ƙayyadaddun yanayi (misali, 125°C na awanni 24) don cire danshin da aka sha kafin haɗa guduro reflow don hana fashewar "gwaiduwa".
Q: Zan iya tuƙa LED Ja a 20mA akai-akai?
A: Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke don Ja IFshine 20mA. Ba a ba da shawarar ci gaba da aiki a wannan matsakaicin ƙimar ba saboda yana damun na'urar kuma zai rage tsawon rayuwarsa. Don aiki mai aminci na dogon lokaci, al'ada ce ta rage ƙimar halin yanzu, galibi ana aiki a 50-75% na matsakaicin ƙimar (misali, 10-15mA don Ja). Koyaushe koma ga yanayin aiki da aka ba da shawarar a cikin ƙira.
11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki
Yanayi: Ƙirar Module na Bangon Bidiyo na LED na Ciki Mai Fine-Pitch.
Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar module nunin ciki na P2.5 (pitch pixel 2.5mm). Sun zaɓi wannan RGB LED saboda ƙananan girmansa na 2.05x2.15mm, wanda ya dace da shimfidar pixel. Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi, suna aiki tare da mai ba da kaya don ƙayyade matattun kwandon don matsakaicin tsawon tsawon (misali, Ja: 622-627nm, Koren: 528-531nm, Shudi: 466-469nm) kuma suna neman LED daga kwandon ƙarfin haske guda ɗaya. Shimfidar PCB tana bin tsarin fakitin haɗa guduro da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da kyakkyawan samuwar haɗin guduro da watsa zafi. An zaɓi IC tuƙi na halin yanzu na dindindin tare da PWM dimming ga kowane tashar launi. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110 yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani ga masu sauraro waɗanda ke tsaye a kusurwoyi daban-daban ga allo. Farin baƙar fata na matte na LED yana taimakawa inganta rabon bambanci na module a cikin yanayin ciki mai haske.
12. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Aiki
Wannan na'urar ce ta fitar da haske ta semiconductor. Kowane launi (Ja, Koren, Shudi) ana samar da shi ta wani guntu na semiconductor daban wanda aka yi daga tsarin kayan daban-daban (misali, AlInGaP don Ja, InGaN don Koren da Shudi). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap na guntu, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin kayan semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Tsawon tsawon (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor. Tsarin anode gama gari yana nufin duk guntu guda uku suna raba haɗin lantarki mai kyau guda ɗaya, yana sauƙaƙe da'irar tuƙi na waje zuwa haɗin cathode guda uku (ɗaya ga kowane launi).
13. Trends na Fasaha
Kasuwar SMD LED mai cikakken launi na ci gaba da haɓaka. Trends na gabaɗaya da ake gani a cikin na'urori kamar wannan sun haɗa da:
- Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Ci gaba da inganta girma na epitaxial da ƙirar guntu yana haifar da ingantaccen haske (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), yana ba da damar nunin mafi haske ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki.
- Ƙananan Girma:Tuƙi don mafi kyawun ma'auni na pixel a cikin nunin yana tura girman fakitin ƙanana yayin kiyayewa ko inganta fitarwa na gani.
- Ingantaccen Amincewa:Inganta kayan fakitin, haɗin waya, da dabarun kullewa yana haifar da tsawon rayuwa da ingantaccen aiki a cikin yanayi mai tsanani (zafi mai yawa, danshi).
- Matsakaicin Binning & Daidaito:Yayin da buƙatun ingancin nunin ke ƙaruwa, buƙatar ƙarin sarrafa launi da sigogi na haske ya zama mafi mahimmanci, yana haifar da tsarin binning mafi rikitarwa da sarrafa samarwa.
- Maganganun Haɗaɗɗe:Trend zuwa haɗa LED tare da IC tuƙi ko dabaru na sarrafawa zuwa ƙarin fakitin haɗaɗɗe don sauƙaƙe ƙirar tsarin da inganta aiki.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |