Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Dubawar Samfur
- 1.1 Bayanin Gabaɗaya
- 1.2 Manyan Abubuwan Fasaha
- 1.3 Aikace-aikacen da Aka Nufa
- 1.4 Girman Fakiti da Matsayin Fila
- 2. Bayanan Fasaha dalla-dalla
- 2.1 Halayen Wutar Lantarki da Haske (a 25°C)
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafa
- 2.3 Bayanin Rumbu
- 2.4 Gwajin Aikin Daidai
- 3. Bayanin Shirya Samfur da Oda
- 3.1 Girman Tef ɗin ɗaukarwa da Reel
- 3.2 Shirya Mai Hana Danshi
- 3.3 Yanayin Gwajin Aminci
- 3.4 Ma'aunin Gazawa
- 4. Jagororin Sake Haɗa SMT
- 4.1 Tsarin Sake Haɗawa
- 4.2 Sake Haɗawa da Hannu, Gyara, da Tsaftacewa
- 5. Tsaro na Aiki da Adanawa
- 5.1 Yanayin Adanawa
- 5.2 Kariya daga Fitowar Wutar Lantarki (ESD)
- 5.3 Kariya daga Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya
- 5.4 Sarrafa Zafin Jiki
- 5.5 Shawarwari na Amfani
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Dubawar Samfur
Wannan samfur LED ne RGB SMD mai cikakken launi tare da tsarin anode gama. An tsara shi don aikace-aikacen babban bambanci yana amfani da farfajiyar baƙi gabaɗaya. Girman fakitin shine 2.05mm × 2.15mm × 1.9mm, yana sa shi dace da madaidaicin pixel a cikin allon bidiyo mai cikakken launi.
1.1 Bayanin Gabaɗaya
Na'urar ta haɗa da guntuwar LED guda uku (Ja, Kore, Shudi) a cikin fakiti ɗaya tare da fil ɗin anode gama. Yana ba da kusurwoyin kallo masu faɗi ƙwarai, ƙarfin haske mai girma, ƙarancin wutar lantarki, aminci mai kyau, da tsawon rai. LED ɗin yana da juriyar ruwa zuwa IPX6 kuma yana da matakin ƙiba na danshi 5a. Yana biyayya ga RoHS kuma an tsara shi don sake haɗa gubar da ba ta da gubar.
1.2 Manyan Abubuwan Fasaha
- Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi ƙwarai: 110°
- Ƙarfin haske mai girma tare da ƙarancin amfani da wuta
- Mai hana ruwa: IPX6
- Matakin ƙiba na danshi: 5a
- Yana biyayya ga RoHS
- Farfajiyar da ba ta da kyalli don hana haske
- Yana dace da sake haɗa gubar da ba ta da gubar
1.3 Aikace-aikacen da Aka Nufa
- Allon bidiyo mai cikakken launi na waje
- Hasken ado na ciki da waje
- Kayan shagala da nishaɗi
- Aikace-aikacen LED gabaɗaya
1.4 Girman Fakiti da Matsayin Fila
Girman fakitin shine 2.05mm (tsawo) × 2.15mm (faɗi) × 1.9mm (tsayi). Anode gama shine fil 1 (+). Katododi na ja, kore, da shudi sune fil 2, 3, 4 bi da bi. Akwai alama a kan fakiti da ke nuna gefen katod. An bayar da shawarar shimfidar ɗaurin gubar don mafi kyawun aikin zafin jiki da injina. Don aikace-aikacen ciko da manne, dole ne tsayin ciko ya zama ≥ 0.75mm.
2. Bayanan Fasaha dalla-dalla
2.1 Halayen Wutar Lantarki da Haske (a 25°C)
Jeri na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (a gwajin yanzu): Ja: 1.7V – 2.4V (IF=15mA); Kore: 2.5V – 3.3V (IF=15mA); Shudi: 2.5V – 3.3V (IF=10mA). Rumbun tsawon igiyar haske: Ja: 617-628nm (5nm/rumbu), Kore: 520-540nm (3nm/rumbu), Shudi: 460-475nm (3nm/rumbu). Ƙarfin haske (mcd): Ja: mafi ƙanƙanta 24, matsakaici 330, mafi girma 525; Kore: mafi ƙanƙanta 38, matsakaici 685, mafi girma 1100; Shudi: mafi ƙanƙanta 30, matsakaici 68, mafi girma 110. Kusurwar kallo: 110° ga dukkan launuka. Komawar yanzu: ≤6μA a VR=5V.
2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙarfafa
Yanzu na gaba: Ja ≤20mA, Kore ≤15mA, Shudi ≤15mA. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya ≤5V. Zazzabi na aiki: -30°C zuwa +85°C. Zazzabi na adanawa: -40°C zuwa +100°C. Rushewar wutar a kowane tashoshi: Ja 48mW, Kore 49.5mW, Shudi 49.5mW. Zazzabi na haɗuwa ≤100°C. Ƙarfin juriyar ESD (HBM) ≤1000V.
2.3 Bayanin Rumbu
An rarraba samfur zuwa rumbu don ƙarfin haske (rabon 1:1.3 don dukkan launuka) da tsawon igiyar haske. Faɗin rumbun tsawon igiyar haske: Ja 5nm, Kore 3nm, Shudi 3nm. Abokan ciniki ya kamata su yi amfani da LED daga rumbun ƙarfi da tsawon igiyar haske iri ɗaya don daidaiton bayyanar nuni.
2.4 Gwajin Aikin Daidai
Gwajin yanzu na gaba vs. ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba sun nuna cewa guntun ja yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba fiye da kore da shudi a wannan yanzu. Ƙarfin haske na dangantaka yana ƙaruwa tare da yanzu na gaba har zuwa mafi girman ƙima. Ƙarfin haske yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zazzabi na muhalli; a 85°C ƙarfin haske na dangantaka ya faɗi zuwa kusan 80% ga ja da 70% ga kore da shudi. Gwajin zazzabi na filin haɗuwa vs. rage yanzu na gaba yana nuna cewa a yanayin zafi mai girma dole ne a rage yanzu na gaba da aka yarda. Rarraba bakan haske suna kai kololuwa a kusan 625nm (ja), 530nm (kore), da 470nm (shudi). Tsarin haske na radiation suna daidai tare da rabin kwana na 55° a dukkan gatura X da Y.
3. Bayanin Shirya Samfur da Oda
3.1 Girman Tef ɗin ɗaukarwa da Reel
LED ɗin an shirya shi a cikin tef ɗin ɗaukarwa tare da matsayi mai dacewa don ɗauka ta atomatik. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 13,000. Girman reel: diamita na waje 400±2mm, diamita na ciki 100±0.4mm, faɗi 14.3±0.3mm, da sauransu. Faɗin tef ɗin da zane na aljihu suna tabbatar da sufuri mai aminci.
3.2 Shirya Mai Hana Danshi
Ana jigilar samfuran a cikin buhunan aluminum mai hana wutar lantarki da danshi tare da busasshiyar ruwa da katin nuna danshi. Matakin ƙiba na danshi shine 5a, ma'ana dole ne a iyakance fallasa ga iska mai ɗaci bayan buɗewa.
3.3 Yanayin Gwajin Aminci
LED ɗin ya ci jarrabawar gwajin aminci na yau da kullun da suka haɗa da juriyar zafin haɗawa (250°C, sau 3), girgizar zafin jiki (-40°C zuwa 100°C, hawa 500), juriyar danshi (85°C/85%RH + sake haɗawa), adana zafi (100°C, 1000h), adana sanyi (-40°C, 1000h), rayuwar aiki a zazzabi na ɗaki (IF=10mA, 1000h), rayuwar zafi da danshi (85°C/85%RH, IF=5mA, 1000h), da rayuwar sanyi (-40°C, IF=10mA, 1000h). Ma'auni na karɓa: babu fiye da 1 gazawa cikin samfurori 22.
3.4 Ma'aunin Gazawa
Ana ayyana gazawa a matsayin: canjin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba >±10% daga ƙimar farko, komawar yanzu >10μA a VR=5V, raguwar matsakaiciyar ƙarfin haske >30%, ko wani rashin daidaito na gani kamar fasa, tsantsar, ko rashin haske.
4. Jagororin Sake Haɗa SMT
4.1 Tsarin Sake Haɗawa
Tsarin sake haɗawa da ake ba da shawarar yana amfani da tsari marar gubar tare da mafi girman zazzabi na 245°C (mafi girman daƙiƙa 10). Zafi na farko daga 150°C zuwa 200°C a cikin daƙiƙa 60-120. Ƙarfin hawan ≤4°C/s, ƙarfin sanyaya ≤6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa kololuwa ≤minti 8. An yarda sake haɗawa sau ɗaya kawai. Yi amfani da man haɗa na zazzabi na tsakiya don mafi kyawun sakamako. Ana ba da shawarar sake haɗawa da nitrogen don hana iskar oxygen.
4.2 Sake Haɗawa da Hannu, Gyara, da Tsaftacewa
Sake haɗawa da hannu: zafin ƙarfe ≤300°C, lokaci ≤daƙiƙa 3, sau ɗaya kawai. Ba a ba da shawarar gyara ba; Idan ya zama dole, yi amfani da ƙarfen haɗa mai kai biyu. Tsaftacewa: yi amfani da isopropyl alcohol kawai; Ka guji ruwa, benzene, kayan ragewa, da ruwaye masu ɗauke da chlorine ko sulfur.
5. Tsaro na Aiki da Adanawa
5.1 Yanayin Adanawa
Kafin buɗewa: adana a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Rayuwar ajiya a cikin buhun rufaffiyar shine watanni 6. Bayan buɗewa: yi amfani da shi cikin sa'o'i 12 a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa (≤30°C/≤60% RH). Dole ne a adana kayan da ba a yi amfani da su ba a ≤30°C/≤10% RH kuma a gasa su kafin amfani na gaba (65±5°C na sa'o'i 24-48 dangane da shekaru). Idan kayan suna da danshi ko sun girmi watanni 12, mayar da su ga masana'anta.
5.2 Kariya daga Fitowar Wutar Lantarki (ESD)
ESD na iya lalata LED. Yi amfani da kayan aiki da aka haɗa da ƙasa, madafun hannu masu hana ESD, tabarma, da kwantena masu ɗaukar wuta. An ƙididdige LED don HBM 1000V, amma kariya har yanzu tana da mahimmanci yayin aiki.
5.3 Kariya daga Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya
Kada a yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya mai ci gaba wanda ya wuce 5V. A cikin tuƙi na matrix, tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya bai wuce iyaka ba don hana zubar ruwa da matsalolin darajar launin toka.
5.4 Sarrafa Zafin Jiki
Ya kamata a kula sosai don yaɗa zafin jiki yadda ya kamata. Rike zazzabin saman LED ƙasa da 55°C da zazzabin gubar ƙasa da 75°C yayin aiki. Yi amfani da isasshen yanki na jan ƙarfe na PCB da tazara. Dole ne a rage yanzun tuƙi bisa ga zazzabin muhalli.
5.5 Shawarwari na Amfani
- Koyaushe tuƙa kowane guntu LED tare da tsayayyen yanzu.
- Kada ku wuce mafi girman ƙimomin da aka ba da izini.
- Don tsararraki, tabbatar da cewa jimlar wutar lantarki tana cikin iyakokin fakiti.
- Lokacin da ba a amfani da shi, kashe wutar gaba ɗaya.
- Yi gwajin tsufa don gano lahani.
- A cikin yanayi maras kyau (danshi, gishiri, iskar sulfur), ɗauki matakan kariya.
- Don fara wutar bayan shigarwa, yi amfani da 20% na wutar da farko don bushe danshi.
Ƙarin kulawa: Ka guji taɓa saman epoxy; yi amfani da tweezers. Kada ka tara PCBs da aka haɗa. Koma ga cikakken littafin amfani na masana'anta don cikakkun umarni.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |