EL3120 Jerin Gate Driver Photocoupler Datasheet - 8-Pin DIP Package - Fitilar Fitarwa 2.5A - Ƙarfin Keɓewa 5000Vrms - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

EL3120 Jerin shine babban mai tuƙi na gate mai sauri, an tsara shi don tuƙa IGBTs da MOSFETs masu ƙarfi a cikin aikace-aikacen lantarki na wutar lantarki. Yana haɗa infrared light-emitting diode (LED) tare da mai gano hoto mai girma, mai sauri a cikin ƙunƙuntaccen kunshin 8-pin Dual In-line Package (DIP). Babban aikin na'urar shine samar da keɓewar lantarki da watsa siginar tsakanin ƙananan da'irar sarrafawa da babban maɓalli na wutar lantarki, yana ba da damar aiki mai aminci da amintaccen tsarin canjin wutar lantarki.

Babban fa'idar wannan ɓangaren yana cikin haɗin babban ƙarfin tuƙi da ƙarfin keɓewa. Tare da fitarwa mai girma na 2.5A, zai iya tuƙa kofa na yawancin IGBTs da MOSFETs masu matsakaicin ƙarfi kai tsaye ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin matakin buffer ba. Garkuwar cikinsa tana ba da kyakkyawan juriya na canjin yanayi na gama-gari (CMTI) na ±25 kV/µs, yana tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi a cikin yanayin wutar lantarki mai hayaniya. An tsara na'urar don tabbatar da aiki a cikin faɗin kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, yana mai da shi dacewa da aikace-aikacen masana'antu da na mota.

Kasuwarmar da aka yi niyya ta haɗa da masu zane na tsarin lantarki na wutar lantarki kamar tuƙin mota, kayan aikin wutar lantarki marasa katsewa (UPS), masu jujjuyawar hasken rana, da kayan aikin sarrafa masana'antu. Amincewar sa daga manyan hukumomin ƙa'idodin aminci na duniya (UL, cUL, VDE, da sauransu) yana sauƙaƙe amfani da shi a cikin samfuran ƙarshe waɗanda ke buƙatar bin ka'ida da takaddun shaida.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Don gefen shigarwa (LED), matsakaicin ci gaba na gaba na gaba (I_F) shine 25 mA, tare da ƙarfin bugun jini na gaba (I_FP) na 1 A don ƙananan bugun jini (≤1µs, 300 pps). Matsakaicin juzu'in juzu'i (V_R) shine 5V. A gefen fitarwa, fitarwa mai girma na duka manyan (I_OPH) da ƙananan (I_OPL) jihohi shine 2.5A. Ƙarfin fitarwa (V_O) bai kamata ya wuce 30V ba idan aka kwatanta da V_EE. Kewayon ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V_CC- V_EE) an ƙayyade daga 15V zuwa 30V. Na'urar na iya jure ƙarfin keɓewa (V_ISO) na 5000 V_rmsna minti ɗaya tsakanin gefen shigarwa da fitarwa. Jimlar ƙarfin watsawa (P_T) an iyakance shi zuwa 300 mW.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Haske

Wannan sashe yana cikakken bayanin aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin jiki (T_A= -40°C zuwa 110°C).

Halayen Shigarwa:Ƙarfin gaba (V_F) na LED shigarwa yana da matsakaicin ƙimar 1.8V a ƙarfin gaba (I_F) na 10mA. Ana auna ƙarancin ruɓar juzu'i a ƙarfin juzu'i na 5V.

Halayen Fitarwa:An ƙayyade ƙarancin wutar lantarki na fitarwa IC. Babban matakin wutar lantarki (I_CCH) yawanci shine 1.4 mA (matsakaici 3.2 mA) lokacin da LED shigarwa yana kan (I_F=10mA). Ƙananan matakin wutar lantarki (I_CCL) yawanci shine 1.5 mA (matsakaici 3.2 mA) lokacin da LED shigarwa ya kashe.

Halayen Canja wuri:Waɗannan su ne mafi mahimmancin sigogi don aikace-aikacen tuƙi na gate. Babban matakin fitarwa (I_OH) shine ƙarfin da na'urar za ta iya nutsewa lokacin da ta ja ƙarfin ƙofar zuwa sama. An ƙayyade shi azaman -2.5A (ƙarami) lokacin da ƙarfin fitarwa (V_O) ya kasance 3V ƙasa da V_CC(V_CC-3V). Ƙananan matakin fitarwa (I_OL) shine ƙarfin da zai iya samarwa lokacin da ya ja ƙofar ƙasa, an ƙayyade shi azaman 2.5A (ƙarami) lokacin da V_Oya kasance 3V sama da V_EE(V_EE+3V). Hakanan an ayyana faɗuwar ƙarfin fitarwa (V_OHda V_OL), yana nuna ikon na'urar don cimma jujjuyawar fitarwa daga layin dogo zuwa layin dogo. Ƙarfin shigar kofa (I_FLH) shine matsakaicin ƙarfin LED da ake buƙata don tabbatar da fitarwa ya canza zuwa babban yanayi, an ƙayyade shi azaman 5 mA matsakaici. Ƙofofin Kulle Ƙarancin Ƙarfi (UVLO) suna tabbatar da cewa fitarwa ya kasance cikin yanayi mai aminci idan ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa da yawa, tare da ƙofofin ƙofa na yau da kullun kusan 11-12.5V.

2.3 Halayen Sauya

Ayyukan motsa jiki shine maɓalli don aikace-aikacen sauyawa mai girma. Lokacin jinkirin yaduwa (t_PLHda t_PHL) daga shigarwa zuwa fitarwa yana da matsakaicin 300 ns, tare da ƙimomin yau da kullun kusan 150 ns. Karkatar da faɗin bugun jini (|t_PHL– t_PLH|) shine matsakaicin 100 ns, yana nuna kyakkyawar daidaito tsakanin jinkirin kunna da kashewa. Fitarwa tashi (t_R) da faɗuwa (t_F) lokutan yawanci 80 ns ne. Juriyar Canjin Yanayi na Gama-gari (CMTI) sigogi ne mai mahimmanci ga na'urorin keɓewa, yana ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙimar canjin ƙarfin wutar lantarki a kan shingen keɓewa wanda na'urar za ta iya jurewa ba tare da canjin fitarwa ba daidai ba. EL3120 yana ba da garantin CMTI na 25 kV/µs don duka manyan jihohin dabaru da ƙananan.

3. Binciken Lanƙwan Aiki

Takaddun bayanan yana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa na yau da kullun waɗanda ke ba da zurfin fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Zazzabi (Hoto 1):Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna ƙarfin gaba (V_F) na LED shigarwa yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya ƙaru, wanda shine halayen yau da kullun na diodes na semiconductor. Dole ne masu zane su yi la'akari da wannan lokacin da suke zana da'irar tuƙi na LED don tabbatar da isasshen ƙarfi a cikin kewayon zafin jiki.

Ƙarfin Fitarwa vs. Fitarwa na yanzu (Hoto 2 & Hoto 4):Waɗannan jadawalin suna zana faɗuwar ƙarfin fitarwa da ƙarfin fitarwa don duka aikin gefen sama (nutsewa) da gefen ƙasa (sama). Sun nuna cewa faɗuwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa tare da mafi girman ƙarfin fitarwa da ƙananan zafin jiki. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige watsawar wutar lantarki a cikin direba da tabbatar da cewa ƙofar ta karɓi cikakkiyar jujjuyawar ƙarfin da aka yi niyya.

Wutar lantarki vs. Zazzabi (Hoto 6):Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna cewa ƙarancin wutar lantarki (duka I_CCHda I_CCL) yana ƙaruwa da matsakaici tare da zafin jiki, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙididdigar kasafin wutar lantarki na tsarin.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

4.1 Tsarin Fil da Aiki

Ana ajiye na'urar a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin 8-pin DIP. Pinout kamar haka ne:

• Fil 1: Babu Haɗin kai (NC)
• Fil 2: Anode (A) na LED shigarwa
• Fil 3: Cathode (K) na LED shigarwa
• Fil 4: Babu Haɗin kai (NC)
• Fil 5: V_EE(Ƙarancin wutar lantarki/ƙasa don matakin fitarwa)
• Fil 6: V_OUT(Fitarwar tuƙi na Gate)
• Fil 7: V_OUT(Fitarwar tuƙi na Gate, an haɗa shi a ciki zuwa Fil 6)
• Fil 8: V_CC(Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kyau don matakin fitarwa)

Zanen tsari yana nuna haɗin ciki: mai gano hoto yana tuƙa matakin fitarwa mai turawa wanda aka haɗa tsakanin V_CCda V_EE. Takaddun bayanan ya bayyana a sarari cewa dole ne a haɗa capacitor na bypass 0.1 µF tsakanin fil 8 (V_CC) da 5 (V_EE) don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da rage hayaniyar wutar lantarki.

5. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici yana ƙayyade zafin solder (T_SOL) na 260°C na dakika 10. Wannan ƙimar yau da kullun ce don hanyoyin solder marasa gubar (Pb-free). Ya kamata masu zane su bi jagororin IPC na yau da kullun don solder ɓangaren rami. Ya kamata a adana na'urar a cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon zafin ajiya na -55°C zuwa +125°C a cikin yanayi mai bushewa don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da popcorn yayin sake kwarara (ko da yake da fari damuwa ga sassan SMD).

6. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

6.1 Daidaitattun Da'irori na Aikace-aikace

Babban aikace-aikacen shine a matsayin mai tuƙi na keɓe na gate don IGBTs da Power MOSFETs a cikin da'irori kamar tuƙin mota, masu jujjuyawa, da tsarin UPS. Da'irar aikace-aikacen yau da kullun ta ƙunshi haɗa filayen shigarwa (2 & 3) zuwa microcontroller ko mai sarrafa PWM ta hanyar resistor mai iyakancewa ƙarfi. Filayen fitarwa (6 & 7) suna haɗawa kai tsaye zuwa ƙofar maɓallin wutar lantarki. Kusan koyaushe ana buƙatar resistor na waje (R_G) a cikin jerin tare da ƙofar don sarrafa saurin sauyawa, rage ringing, da iyakance ƙarfin ƙarfi mai girma. Ƙimar R_Gciniki ne tsakanin asarar sauyawa (mai sauri yafi kyau) da tsangwama na lantarki (EMI) da ƙarfin wutar lantarki (jinkirin yafi kyau).

6.2 Tunani na Zane

• Da'irar Shigarwa:Dole ne ƙarfin tuƙi na LED ya isa ya shawo kan matsakaicin ƙarfin shigar kofa (5 mA) tare da gefe, yawanci ana amfani da 10-16 mA. Resistor na jerin yana ƙididdige kamar R_IN= (V_SARRAFAWA- V_F) / I_F.
• Da'irar Fitarwa:Wutar lantarki don matakin fitarwa (V_CCzuwa V_EE) dole ne ya kasance cikin 15-30V kuma an daidaita shi da kyau. Capacitor na bypass 0.1 µF ya zama dole kuma ya kamata a sanya shi kusa da filayen na'urar.
• Tukin Gate:Fitarwa mai girma na 2.5A ya dace da maɓallai tare da cajin gate matsakaici. Don manyan IGBTs masu girma, tabbatar da cewa direba zai iya isar da cajin da ake buƙata a cikin lokacin sauyawa da ake so. Ƙarfin ja sama da ja ƙasa suna da daidaito, wanda yake da amfani.
• Keɓewa:Kiyaye nisan tsinkaya da sharewa daidai akan shimfidar PCB tsakanin gefen shigarwa da fitarwa gwargwadon ƙarfin keɓewa da ƙa'idodin aminci masu dacewa.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Yayin da kunshin zai iya watsa 300 mW, ƙididdige ainihin watsawar wutar lantarki bisa ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin fitarwa, tsarin aiki, da mitar sauyawa don tabbatar da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya kasance cikin iyakoki.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambanci

EL3120 yana sanya kansa a kasuwa tare da takamaiman fasali. Fitarwar sa na 2.5A ya sanya shi a tsakiyar kewayon don masu tuƙi na gate photocoupler, ya dace da aikace-aikace masu yawa ba tare da farashi da rikitarwa na matakan direba daban-daban masu ƙarfi ba. Tabbacin 25 kV/µs CMTI adadi ne mai ƙarfi, yana ba da ƙarfin juriya ga hayaniya a cikin yanayi masu ƙalubale kamar tuƙin mota. Faɗin kewayon zafin aiki (-40°C zuwa +110°C) ya wuce na yawancin sassan matakin kasuwanci, yana ba da aminci ga aikace-aikacen masana'antu da na waje. Ƙarfin ƙarfin fitarwa daga layin dogo zuwa layin dogo yana tabbatar da amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tuƙi na gate, yana ƙara ƙimar siginar gate da aka yi amfani da shi ga maɓalli.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya amfani da wutar lantarki guda 15V don matakin fitarwa?

A: Ee, kewayon wutar lantarki shine 15V zuwa 30V. Wutar lantarki 15V ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta kuma an yarda da ita sosai, kodayake zai haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfin tuƙi na gate don maɓallin wutar lantarki idan aka kwatanta da amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mafi girma.

Q: Menene manufar samun filayen fitarwa biyu (6 da 7)?

A: Filayen biyu an haɗa su a ciki. Wannan zane yana taimakawa rage inductance na parasitic a cikin haɗin kai zuwa ƙofar, yana ba da damar hanyar ƙarfi mafi ƙarfi don manyan ƙarfin ƙarfi, kuma yana ba da sassauƙan shimfidawa.

Q: Ta yaya zan tabbatar da cewa na'urar ta kunna da aminci?

A: Tuƙi LED shigarwa tare da ƙarfin da ya fi girma sama da matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin shigar kofa (I_FLH= 5 mA). Amfani da 10-16 mA, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin yanayin gwaji, yana ba da kyakkyawan gefen aminci a cikin zafin jiki da bambance-bambancen na'urar.

Q: Shin resistor na waje na gate yana da mahimmanci?

A: Kusan koyaushe, i. Yayin da direba zai iya haɗawa kai tsaye, ana amfani da resistor na gate (yawanci tsakanin 1-100 Ω) don sarrafa saurin sauyawa, rage jujjuyawar parasitic, da iyakance ƙarfin ƙarfi da duka IC direba da ƙofar maɓallin wutar lantarki suka gani.

9. Misalin Aikace-aikace na Aiki

Yanayi: Tuƙa IGBT 600V a cikin mai jujjuyawar lokaci 3 don tuƙin mota.Microcontroller yana samar da siginar PWM a matakin dabaru na 5V. An ƙididdige resistor mai iyakancewa ƙarfi don ~12 mA ƙarfin LED (misali, (5V - 1.5V)/12mA ≈ 290Ω). Gefen fitarwa yana samun wutar lantarki ta hanyar mai canza DC-DC mai keɓe 20V. Fil 6 da 7 an haɗa su ta hanyar resistor na gate 10Ω zuwa ƙofar IGBT. An sanya capacitor na yumbu 0.1 µF kai tsaye a kan fil 8 da 5. Fasalin UVLO yana tabbatar da cewa ƙofar IGBT ta kasance ƙasa idan wutar lantarki 20V ta ragu yayin farawa ko yanayin kuskure, yana hana ɓangaren kunna da watsawar wutar lantarki mai yawa. Babban CMTI yana tabbatar da cewa saurin jujjuyawar ƙarfin wutar lantarki (dv/dt) akan mai tattara IGBT ba zai haifar da kuskuren faɗakar da fitarwar direba ta hanyar shingen keɓewa ba.

10. Ka'idar Aiki

EL3120 yana aiki akan ka'idar haɗin gwiwa na gani. Siginar lantarki da aka yi amfani da ita a gefen shigarwa yana sa infrared LED ya fitar da haske. Wannan hasken yana ratsa shingen keɓewa na gani (yawanci an yi shi da silicone ko irin wannan abu). A gefen fitarwa, mai gano hoto, wanda shine da'irar haɗin gwiwa guda ɗaya, yana karɓar wannan hasken kuma ya mayar da shi zuwa siginar lantarki. Wannan IC ya haɗa da abu mai hankali ga hoto, matakan haɓakawa, da babban ma'auni na fitarwa wanda ke da ikon samar da kuma nutse manyan ƙarfin ƙarfi. Babban fa'ida shine cewa ana watsa siginar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar haske, yana ba da keɓewar galvanic wanda ke toshe manyan ƙarfin wutar lantarki, madaukai na ƙasa, da hayaniya.

11. Trends na Masana'antu

Kasuwar masu keɓe direba na gate na ci gaba da haɓakawa. Trends sun haɗa da haɗa ƙarin fasali a cikin isolator IC, kamar ayyukan kariya na ci gaba (ganewar desaturation, kashewa mai laushi, matsi Miller), mafi girman matakan haɗin kai tare da wasu ayyukan tsarin, da tallafi don mafi girman mitoci na sauyawa da semiconductors na bandeji mai faɗi (SiC da GaN) ke buƙata. Hakanan ana ƙoƙarin zuwa ga mafi girman aminci, tsawon rayuwar aiki, da ingantattun takaddun shaida na aminci don aikace-aikacen mota (AEC-Q100) da aminci na aiki (ISO 26262). Girman kunshin kuma yana zuwa ga ƙananan nau'ikan mounting na saman don ƙirar ƙarfin wutar lantarki mafi girma, kodayake kayan aikin rami kamar DIP sun kasance sananne don ƙarfin su da sauƙin samfuri.