Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfurin
- 1.1 Bayanin Gabaɗaya
- 1.2 Abubuwan Fasaha
- 1.3 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Sigogi na Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (Ts=25°C, IF=20mA)
- 2.2 Matsayin Matsakaicin Ƙarfin
- 3. Kundin Matsayi da Rarrabuwa
- 3.1 Kundin Ƙarfin Gaba (IF=20mA)
- 3.2 Kundin Ƙarfin Haske
- 3.3 Kundin Tsawon Guguwa
- 4. Nazarin Kwatantwar Ayyuka
- 4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba
- 4.2 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Haske na Dangantaka
- 4.3 Tasirin Zazzabi
- 4.4 Samfurin Hasken
- 4.5 Tsayin Tsawon Guguwa
- 4.6 Tsarin Hasken
- 5. Bayani na Injiniya da Shirya
- 5.1 Girman Fakitin
- 5.2 Tsarin Solder
- 5.3 Girma
- 6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
- 6.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow
- 6.2 Solder da Hannu
- 6.3 Tsaftacewa da Kulawa
- 7. Bayani na Shirya da Oda
- 7.1 Cikakkun Shirya
- 7.2 Ƙayyadaddun Lakabi
- 7.3 Kariya daga Danshi
- 8. Yanayin Gwajin Dogaro
- 9. Matsayin Gazawa
- 10. Kariya a Lokacin Kulawa
- 10.1 Ƙuntatawa na Muhalli
- 10.2 Kulawa na Injiniya
- 10.3 Zane na Lantarki
- 10.4 Kariya daga ESD
- 11. Bayanin Aikace-aikace
- 12. Kwatancen Fasaha
- 13. Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa
- 14. Misalin Aikace-aikace a Aiki
- 15. Ka'idar Aiki na Asali
- 16. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayanin Samfurin
1.1 Bayanin Gabaɗaya
RF-GNRA30TS-CF-Z wani LED ne mai haske kore wanda aka yi shi da fasahar InGaN, an shirya shi a cikin nau'in PLCC2 na yau da kullun wanda yake awo 3.50mm x 2.80mm x 1.84mm. Wannan na'urar an ƙera ta don amfani a motoci da kuma hasken gabaɗaya wanda ke buƙatar haske mai girma da kuma kusurwar gani mai faɗi.
1.2 Abubuwan Fasaha
- Fakitin PLCC2 don sauƙin haɗawa ta SMT
- Kusurwar gani mai faɗi sosai na 120°
- Ya dace da duk hanyoyin haɗawa na SMT da kuma sake zubar da gwangwani
- Ana samuwa a kan tef da reel (2000pcs/reel)
- Matsayin la'akari da danshi: mataki na 2
- Ya dace da RoHS da REACH
- An cancanta bisa ga jagororin AEC-Q101 don amfani a motoci
- Haƙurin ESD har zuwa 8000V (HBM)
1.3 Aikace-aikace
- Hasken cikin mota (dashboard, maɓallai, da sauransu)
- Fitillun nuni da maɓallai
- Nuni gabaɗaya da hasken baya
2. Sigogi na Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (Ts=25°C, IF=20mA)
Teburin da ke gaba yana taƙaita mahimman sigogi:
| Sigogi | Alama | Mafi ƙarami | Na yau da kullun | Mafi girma | Na'ura |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin Gaba | VF | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.4 | V |
| Ƙarfin Baya | IR | - | - | 10 | μA |
| Ƙarfin Haske | IV | 900 | 1200 | 1500 | mcd |
| Tsawon Guguwa | Wd | 520 | 521 | 525 | nm |
| Kusurwar Gani | 2θ1/2 | - | 120 | - | digiri |
| Juriya na Zafi (Haɗin Junction zuwa Solder) | RTHJ-S | - | - | 180 | °C/W |
Duk ma'aunai an ɗauka a yanayin daidaitaccen a 25°C. Haƙurin ƙarfin gaba ±0.1V, haƙurin daidaitawar launi ±0.005, da haƙurin ƙarfin haske ±10%.
2.2 Matsayin Matsakaicin Ƙarfin
| Sigogi | Alama | Daraja | Na'ura |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rushewar Ƙarfin | PD | 102 | mW |
| Ƙarfin Gaba | IF | 30 | mA |
| Ƙarfin Gaba na Kololuwa (1/10 duty, 10ms) | IFP | 100 | mA |
| Ƙarfin Baya | VR | 5 | V |
| ESD (HBM) | ESD | 8000 | V |
| Yanayin Aiki | TOPR | -40 ~ +100 | °C |
| Yanayin Ajiya | TSTG | -40 ~ +100 | °C |
| Yanayin Junction | TJ | 120 | °C |
Dole ne a kula kada a wuce waɗannan matakan. Ya kamata a ƙayyade mafi girman ƙarfin bisa ga ainihin yanayin zafi.
3. Kundin Matsayi da Rarrabuwa
3.1 Kundin Ƙarfin Gaba (IF=20mA)
An rarraba ƙarfin gaba zuwa kundi shida: G1 (2.8-2.9V), G2 (2.9-3.0V), H1 (3.0-3.1V), H2 (3.1-3.2V), I1 (3.2-3.3V), I2 (3.3-3.4V).
3.2 Kundin Ƙarfin Haske
An bayyana kundi biyu na ƙarfin haske: 1CN (900-1200mcd) da M1 (1200-1500mcd).
3.3 Kundin Tsawon Guguwa
An rarraba tsawon guguwa zuwa E1 (520-522.5nm) da E2 (522.5-525nm).
4. Nazarin Kwatantwar Ayyuka
Ana bayar da kwatantwar halayen haske na yau da kullun don taimakawa wajen zane. Abubuwan lura:
4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba
A 20mA, VF yana kusa da 3.2V. Kwatantwar tana nuna halayen diode na yau da kullun.
4.2 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Haske na Dangantaka
Ƙarfin haske na dangantaka yana ƙaruwa kusan madaidaiciya da ƙarfin gaba har zuwa 30mA.
4.3 Tasirin Zazzabi
Yayin da zazzabin solder ya tashi daga 20°C zuwa 100°C, ƙarfin haske na dangantaka yana raguwa da kusan 15%. Ƙarfin gaba kuma yana raguwa kaɗan da zazzabi (kusan -0.1V a cikin 100°C). Mafi girman ƙarfin gaba yana ragewa a yanayin zafi mai girma.
4.4 Samfurin Hasken
Na'urar tana da kusurwar haske mai faɗi na 120°, tare da rarraba haske daidai.
4.5 Tsayin Tsawon Guguwa
Tsawon guguwa na kan canza kaɗan tare da ƙarfin gaba, kusan 0.5nm a cikin kewayon 30mA.
4.6 Tsarin Hasken
Tsarin hasken yana fitowa a kusan 521nm tare da ƙarancin FWHM na yau da kullun na LED kore InGaN.
5. Bayani na Injiniya da Shirya
5.1 Girman Fakitin
Fakitin LED yana awo 3.50mm (tsawo) x 2.80mm (faɗi) x 1.84mm (tsawo). Haƙuri ±0.2mm sai dai in an faɗi.
5.2 Tsarin Solder
Ana bayar da girman tsarin solder da aka ba da shawara a cikin takardun bayanan, gami da matashin tsakiya don sarrafa zafi.
5.3 Girma
An yi alamar cathode da ƙugiya a kan fakitin. Tabbatar da daidaitawar gari a lokacin haɗawa.
6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
6.1 Tsarin Solder na Reflow
Tsarin reflow da aka ba da shawara: preheat daga 150°C zuwa 200°C na 60-120 sakan, ramp-up zuwa 217°C (max 3°C/s), zafin kololuwa 260°C na max 10 sakan, sanyaya a max 6°C/s. Jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa kololuwa bai kamata ya wuce mintuna 8 ba. Kar a sake reflow fiye da sau biyu.
6.2 Solder da Hannu
Idan ana buƙatar solder da hannu, yi amfani da ƙarfe na solder a ≤300°C na ≤3 sakan, kuma sau ɗaya kawai.
6.3 Tsaftacewa da Kulawa
Yi amfani da isopropyl alcohol don tsaftacewa; guje wa ultrasonic tsaftacewa. Kar a matsa lamba a kan saman lens na silicone.
7. Bayani na Shirya da Oda
7.1 Cikakkun Shirya
Reel na yau da kullun yana ƙunshe da guda 2000. Girman tef na kaya: faɗi 8.0mm, taki bisa ga EIA-481. Girman reel: diamita 178mm, hub 60mm, ramin shaft 13mm.
7.2 Ƙayyadaddun Lakabi
Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da lakabi mai lambar sashi, lambar ƙayyadaddun, lambar lot, lambar kundi, haske na ƙarfin, kundi na launi, ƙarfin gaba, tsawon guguwa, adadi, da kwanan wata.
7.3 Kariya daga Danshi
Ana aika na'urori a cikin jakunkuna masu kariya daga danshi tare da desiccant. Kafin buɗewa, adana ≤30°C / ≤75%RH har zuwa shekara 1. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 24 a ≤30°C / ≤60%RH; in ba haka ba gasa a 60±5°C na >24 sa'o'i.
8. Yanayin Gwajin Dogaro
Samfurin ya sha gwajin dogaro ciki har da reflow (260°C, sau 2), matakin danshi 2 (85°C/60%RH, 168h), girgizar zafi (-40°C zuwa 125°C, 1000 cycles), gwajin rayuwa (100°C, 1000h), da gwajin rayuwa mai zafi / danshi (85°C/85%RH, 1000h). Duk gwaje-gwaje sun wuce ba tare da gazawa ba.
9. Matsayin Gazawa
Matsayin karɓa: ƙarfin gaba kada ya wuce 1.1x iyakar ƙayyadaddun, ƙarfin baya kada ya wuce 2x iyakar ƙayyadaddun, haske na ƙarfin kada ya kasance ƙasa da 0.7x iyakar ƙasa.
10. Kariya a Lokacin Kulawa
10.1 Ƙuntatawa na Muhalli
Ya kamata adadin sulfur a cikin kayan haɗawa ya kasance ƙasa da 100ppm. Bromine da chlorine kowane ƙasa da 900ppm, haɗa su ƙasa da 1500ppm. Guje wa VOCs da za su iya kai hari ga silicone.
10.2 Kulawa na Injiniya
Yi amfani da kayan aiki masu dacewa don riƙewa a gefen. Kar a taɓa lens na silicone da hannu mara kyau ko abubuwa masu kaifi.
10.3 Zane na Lantarki
Koyaushe yi amfani da resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin. Tabbatar cewa ba a taɓa yin amfani da ƙarfin baya ba. Zana sarrafa zafi don kiyaye zazzabin junction ƙasa da 120°C.
10.4 Kariya daga ESD
Wannan LED yana da hankali ga ESD. Yi amfani da wuraren aiki masu ƙasa, madafun wuyan hannu, da kuma shirya da ke gudanar da wutar lantarki.
11. Bayanin Aikace-aikace
RF-GNRA30TS-CF-Z ya dace da hasken cikin mota kamar nuni na dashboard, hasken baya na maɓallai, da hasken yanayi. Kusurwar gani mai faɗi (120°) yana tabbatar da haske daidai. Tare da cancantar AEC-Q101, ya dace da ƙaƙƙarfan matsayin dogaro na mota. Masu zane su yi la'akari da rage ƙarfin a yanayin zafi mai girma kuma su tabbatar da isasshen zubar da zafi ta hanyar filayen jan ƙarfe na PCB.
12. Kwatancen Fasaha
Idan aka kwatanta da LED kore PLCC2 na yau da kullun, wannan na'urar tana ba da kusurwar gani mai faɗi (120° vs 110° na yau da kullun), haƙurin ESD mafi girma (8000V vs 2000V), da ƙarancin juriya na zafi (180°C/W). Zaɓuɓɓukan kundi na VF, IV, da tsawon guguwa suna ba da damar daidaito mafi kyau a samarwa.
13. Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawa
Tambaya: Menene ƙarfin da aka ba da shawara don mafi kyawun inganci?Amsa: Kusan 20mA yana ba da daidaito mai kyau tsakanin haske da inganci. Ƙarin ƙarfin yana ƙara haske amma yana rage inganci kuma yana haifar da ƙarin zafi.
Tambaya: Za a iya amfani da wannan LED a aikace-aikace na waje?Amsa: Kewayon zazzabin aiki shine -40°C zuwa +100°C, wanda ya dace da yawancin yanayin waje, amma ana iya buƙatar ƙarin kariya daga danshi da UV.
Tambaya: Yaya za a zaɓi resistor da ya dace?Amsa: Yi amfani da R = (Vcc - VF) / IF, inda VF yake kusan 3.2V a 20mA, IF shine ƙarfin da ake so. Tabbatar da ƙarfin ƙarfin resistor.
14. Misalin Aikace-aikace a Aiki
A cikin aikace-aikacen hasken baya na gunkin mota, amfani da jerin waɗannan LED kore tare da PWM dimming yana samar da sarrafa haske mai santsi yayin da ake kiyaye daidaiton launi. Zane na zafi wanda ya haɗa da zuba jan ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin matashin LED da vias zuwa layuka na ciki yana kiyaye zazzabin junction a cikin iyakoki.
15. Ka'idar Aiki na Asali
Wannan LED ya dogara da fasahar semiconductor gallium nitride (InGaN). Lokacin da ƙarfin gaba ya bi ta cikin junction p-n, electrons da holes suna haɗuwa a yankin aiki, suna fitar da photons masu ƙarfin lantarki daidai da tsawon guguwa kore (kusan 521nm). Fakitin PLCC2 yana ba da kariya ta injiniya da kuma fitar da haske mai inganci.
16. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba
Fasahar LED na ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen haske mai ƙarfi, kyakkyawan gyaran launi, da ƙananan fakiti. Bangaren mota yana buƙatar haɓaka dogaro da haɗawa da ADAS. Wannan samfurin ya dace da abubuwan da ke faruwa ta hanyar ba da kariyar ESD mai girma, kusurwar gani mai faɗi, da cancantar AEC-Q101, wanda ya dace da hasken motocin zamani.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |