Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
- 1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali
- 1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikacen da Ake Nufi
- 2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa
- 4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi
- 5.1 Girman Kunshi
- 5.2 Haɗin Fil da Gano Polariti
- 5.3 Zanen Da'ira na Ciki
- 6. Jagororin Solder da Taro
- 6.1 Ma'auni na Solder Reflow
- 6.2 Kula da Sarrafawa da Taro
- 7. Yanayin Ajiya
- 8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira
- 8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- 8.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ƙira
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
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- 12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki
- 13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin
1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
LTL-2550G wata hanyar samar da haske ce ta tsarin ƙwaƙƙwafa da aka ƙera a matsayin sandar haske mai siffar laya. An ƙera ta don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar wani yanki mai girma, mai haske, da kuma daidaitaccen yanki mai fitar da haske. Na'urar tana amfani da guntu LED kore, waɗanda aka ƙera ta amfani da fasahar GaP epi akan GaP substrate ko kuma AlInGaP akan fasahar GaAs substrate marar gani, kuma tana da ginin sandar fari. Wannan samfurin yana cikin rukunin sandunan LED na laya na gabaɗaya kuma an rarraba shi don ƙarfin haske don tabbatar da daidaiton aiki a duk raka'o'in.
1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali
- Siffar Sandar Haske Mai Siffar Laya:Yana ba da tsari na fitar da haske na musamman, mai tsayi wanda ya dace da hasken baya, masu nuna alama, da alamun kasuwanci inda ake fifita hanyar samar da haske ta layi maimakon tushen batu.
- Yanki Mai Girma, Mai Haske, Daidaitaccen Yankin Fitarwa:An ƙera shi don ba da haske mai ƙarfi a ko'ina cikin saman sandar, yana rage wuraren zafi masu zafi kuma yana tabbatar da haske mai daidaito.
- Ƙaramin Bukatar Wutar Lantarki:Yana aiki yadda ya kamata, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi.
- Haske Mai Ƙarfi & Bambanci Mai Ƙarfi:Guntun kore yana ba da ƙarfin haske mai mahimmanci, yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar gani ko da a cikin yanayin muhalli mai haske.
- Amincin Tsarin Ƙwaƙƙwafa:Yana amfana da tsawon rayuwa da ƙarfin fasahar LED, ba tare da filamenti ko gilashi da za su karye ba.
- An Rarraba don Ƙarfin Haske:Ana rarraba raka'o'i (an rarraba su) bisa ga fitowar haske, yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa don daidaitaccen haske a cikin tarin raka'o'i da yawa.
- Kunshin Maras Gubar (Yana Bin Ka'idodin RoHS):An ƙera shi daidai da ƙa'idodin muhalli waɗanda ke hana abubuwa masu haɗari.
1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikacen da Ake Nufi
Ana nufin amfani da wannan na'urar a cikin kayan lantarki na yau da kullun. Aikace-aikacen da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ga: masu nuna matsayi akan kayan ofis (firintoci, kwafin), hasken baya don maɓalli da bangarori, hasken kayan ado, da kayan lantarki masu amfani iri-iri inda ake buƙatar mai nuna alama mai haske, mai dogaro. An ƙera shi don aikace-aikacen da ba a matsayin babban abin damuwa na aminci ba (misali, masu nuna alama marasa mahimmanci). Don aikace-aikacen da gazawar za ta iya haifar da lahani ga rayuwa ko lafiya (jiragen sama, na'urorin likita), ana buƙatar tuntuba na musamman.
2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa
2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
An ƙayyade duk ma'auni a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ta) na 25°C.
- Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Ya kewayo daga 3500 µcd (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 8000 µcd (na yau da kullun) lokacin da aka tuka shi da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 10mA. Wannan ma'auni ne na fitowar haske kamar yadda idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda aka auna tare da firikwensin da aka tace zuwa lanƙwan amsawar gani na CIE.
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Zangon Fitarwa (λp):Yawanci 565 nm a IF=20mA. Wannan shine tsawon zango inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ke kan iyakar sa.
- Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):Yawanci 30 nm a IF=20mA. Wannan ma'auni yana nuna tsaftar bakan ko faɗin bakan na hasken da aka fitar; ƙaramin ƙima yana nuna tushen mafi yawan launi ɗaya.
- Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λd):Yawanci 569 nm a IF=20mA. Wannan shine fahimtar launi guda ɗaya ta idon ɗan adam, wanda zai iya ɗan bambanta da tsawon zango mafi girma.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba a kowane Bangare (VF):Ya kewayo daga 2.1V (na yau da kullun) zuwa 2.6V (matsakaici) a IF=20mA. Dole ne ƙirar da'ira ta yi la'akari da wannan kewayon don tabbatar da cewa an isar da ƙarfin tuƙi da ake nufi ga duk sassan.
- Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya a kowane Bangare (IR):Matsakaicin 100 µA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na baya don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da na'urar a ƙarƙashin ci gaba da karkatar da baya ba.
- Matsakaicin Daidaita Ƙarfin Haske (Iv-m):Matsakaicin rabo na 2:1 tsakanin sassan a IF=10mA. Wannan yana ƙayyade matsakaicin bambancin da aka yarda a cikin haske tsakanin sassa daban-daban na na'urar ɗaya.
2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke
Matsaloli fiye da waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar.
- Rushewar Wutar Lantarki a kowane Bangare:70 mW.
- Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba a kowane Bangare:60 mA (pulsed, 1/10 aikin haɗari, 0.1ms faɗin bugun jini).
- Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba a kowane Bangare:25 mA a 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana raguwa a layi daya a 0.33 mA/°C yayin da zafin jiki ya karu sama da 25°C.
- Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
- Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
- Zafin Solder:Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da farantin zama na ɓangaren.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa
Takardar bayani ta nuna cewa LTL-2550Gan rarraba shi don ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana nuna cewa akwai tsarin rarrabawa, ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman lambobin kwandon a cikin wannan ɓangaren ba. Yawanci, irin wannan rarrabuwa ya ƙunshi:
- Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske:Ana rarraba na'urori zuwa ƙungiyoyi (kwandon) bisa ga aunannensu na fitar da haske a daidaitaccen ƙarfin gwaji (misali, 10mA ko 20mA). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa tare da daidaitaccen haske don aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da raka'o'i da yawa, yana hana ganin rashin daidaituwa.
- Rarrabawar Tsawon Zango/Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye:Duk da yake ba a bayyana shi a sarari don wannan samfurin ba, ya zama ruwan dare ga LED masu launi su ma a rarraba su ta hanyar tsawon zango mai rinjaye ko mafi girma don tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin samarwa ko taro.
- Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Ba a saba yin hakan ga LED masu nuna alama amma wani lokaci ana yin shi don rarraba na'urori tare da Vf iri ɗaya don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira mai iyakancewa.
- Tasirin Ƙira:Takardar bayani a sarari ta ba da shawarar zaɓar LED daga kwandon ɗaya lokacin haɗa nuni biyu ko fiye a cikin saiti ɗaya don guje wa matsalolin rashin daidaituwar launi.
4. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki
Takardar bayani tana nuni gaLanƙwasa Halayen Lantarki/Na Gani na Yau da Kullun. Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman jadawali a cikin rubutun ba, daidaitattun lanƙwasa don irin wannan na'urar za su haɗa da:
- Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwan I-V):Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi. Lanƙwan zai nuna Vf na yau da kullun a ƙarfin lantarki daban-daban, gami da wurin gwaji na 20mA.
- Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwan L-I):Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin tuƙi. Gabaɗaya yana layi daya a cikin kewayon aiki amma zai cika a manyan ƙarfin lantarki. Wannan lanƙwan yana taimakawa wajen tantance mafi kyawun ƙarfin tuƙi don hasken da ake so yayin la'akari da inganci da tsawon rayuwa.
- Ƙarfin Haske vs. Yanayin Muhalli:Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. LED suna zama ƙasa da inganci a manyan yanayin zafi, don haka wannan lanƙwan yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi da kuma hasashen aiki a cikin yanayin muhalli mai girma.
- Rarraba Bakan:Jadawali na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon zango, yana nuna kololuwa a ~565nm da faɗin bakan (Δλ) na ~30nm.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi
5.1 Girman Kunshi
Na'urar tana da siffar sandar haske mai siffar laya. An ba da duk girma a cikin milimita. Matsakaicin haƙuri na girma shine ±0.25 mm (0.01 inch) sai dai idan takamaiman bayanin kula ya faɗi akasin haka. An ambaci zanen girma daidai a cikin takardar bayani amma ba a sake yin shi a cikin wannan ɓangaren rubutu ba.
5.2 Haɗin Fil da Gano Polariti
LTL-2550G na'ura ce mai sassa da yawa tare da fil 8. Tsarin fil shine kamar haka:
- Fil 1: Cathode A
- Fil 2: Anode A
- Fil 3: Cathode B
- Fil 4: Anode B
- Fil 5: Cathode C
- Fil 6: Anode C
- Fil 7: Cathode D
- Fil 8: Anode D
Wannan tsari yana nuna cewa sandar haske na iya kasancewa cikin rarrabuwa zuwa sassa huɗu masu kira da kansu (A, B, C, D), yana ba da damar haske na ɓangare ko sauƙaƙan ƙirar raye-raye idan mai sarrafa da ya dace ya tuka shi.
5.3 Zanen Da'ira na Ciki
Takardar bayani ta haɗa da zanen da'ira na ciki. Dangane da bayanin fil, yana iya nuna sassa huɗu na LED daban-daban, kowannensu yana da haɗin anode da cathode nasa, an tsara su a cikin tsari na gama-gari amma ba a haɗa su a cikin jeri ko a layi daya a ciki ba. Wannan yana ba mai ƙira sassaucin aiki wajen tuƙi sassan.
6. Jagororin Solder da Taro
6.1 Ma'auni na Solder Reflow
Matsakaicin ƙimar cikakke ya ƙayyade zafin solder na 260°C matsakaici na matsakaicin dakika 3, wanda aka auna 1.6mm ƙasa da farantin zama. Wannan yana bayyana matsakaicin zafin jiki da ƙuntatawar lokaci-a-zafin jiki don daidaitaccen bayanin martabar solder reflow. Daidaitaccen bayanin martabar reflow maras gubar (SnAgCu) tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki tsakanin 245°C da 260°C yawanci ya dace, yana tabbatar da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa da kuma a matsakaicin zafin jiki ana sarrafa shi.
6.2 Kula da Sarrafawa da Taro
- A guji amfani da kayan aikin da ba su dace ba ko hanyoyin haɗawa waɗanda ke amfani da ƙarfi mara kyau ga jikin nuni.
- Idan an yi amfani da fim ɗin bugawa/tsari tare da manne mai matsa lamba, a guji barin gefen fim ɗin ya yi kusanci da bangon gaba/murfi, saboda ƙarfin waje na iya haifar da motsi fim ɗin.
- Ya kamata a guji saurin canje-canje a yanayin zafin muhalli, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai yawa, saboda suna iya haifar da hazo akan LED.
7. Yanayin Ajiya
Ajiya daidai yana da mahimmanci don hana oxidization na fil ko kushin solder.
- Don Nuni na LED (Ta cikin Rami):A cikin kunshin asali, a adana a 5°C zuwa 30°C tare da zafi ƙasa da 60% RH. Ba a ƙarfafa ajiyar dogon lokaci na manyan kayayyaki; a cinye kayayyaki da sauri.
- Don Nuni na LED SMD:
- A cikin jakar da aka rufe ta asali: 5°C zuwa 30°C, zafi ƙasa da 60% RH.
- Bayan an buɗe jakar: 5°C zuwa 30°C, zafi ƙasa da 60% RH, na matsakaicin sa'o'i 168 (Matakin MSL 3).
- Idan an buɗe kunshi fiye da sa'o'i 168, ana ba da shawarar gasa a 60°C na awanni 24 kafin solder.
- Gabaɗaya:Ya kamata a yi amfani da nuni a cikin watanni 12 daga ranar jigilar kaya. Kada a fallasa shi ga yanayin da ke da zafi mai yawa ko iskar gas mai lalata. A guji ajiyar dogon lokaci.
8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira
8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun
- Hasken Matsayi da Mai Nuna Alama:Ya dace da wutar lantarki, aiki, ko masu nuna yanayi akan kayan masu amfani da masana'antu saboda ƙarfin haske da daidaitaccen siffar sandar sa.
- Hasken Baya:Ana iya amfani da shi don hasken gefe na ƙananan bangarori, lakabi, ko maɓalli na membrane.
- Hasken Kayan Ado da Gine-gine:Siffar layin zai iya amfani da shi a cikin lafazi, zayyana, ko sauƙaƙan alamun kasuwanci.
8.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ƙira
- Da'irar Tuƙi:Ana ba da shawarar tuƙi na yau da kullun sosai don tabbatar da daidaiton ƙarfin haske da tsawon rayuwa. Dole ne a ƙera da'irar don ɗaukar cikakken kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (2.1V zuwa 2.6V) don tabbatar da isar da ƙarfin da aka yi niyya.
- Iyakancewa na Ƙarfin Lantarki:Dole ne a zaɓi ƙarfin aiki mai aminci yana la'akari da matsakaicin zafin muhalli, yana amfani da ƙimar raguwa na 0.33 mA/°C sama da 25°C.
- Kariya daga Karkatar da Baya:Ya kamata da'irar tuƙi ta haɗa da kariya (misali, diode a layi daya) don kare LED daga ƙarfin lantarki na baya da kuma ƙarfin lantarki na wucin gadi yayin zagayowar wutar lantarki. Ci gaba da karkatar da baya na iya haifar da ƙaura na ƙarfe da gazawa.
- Gudanar da Zafi:Wuce gona da iri na yanayin aiki ko ƙarfin tuƙi da aka ba da shawarar zai haifar da mummunar lalacewar fitar da haske da/ko gazawar da ba ta daɗe ba. Tabbatar da isasshen raguwar zafi idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙima.
- Rarrabawa don Tarukan Raka'o'i Da Yawa:Koyaushe a ƙayyade kuma a yi amfani da LED daga kwandon ƙarfin haske da tsawon zango ɗaya lokacin da aka yi amfani da raka'o'i da yawa a kusa da juna don tabbatar da daidaiton gani.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
Duk da yake ba a ba da kwatancen mai fafatawa kai tsaye a cikin takardar bayani ba, mahimman siffofi na LTL-2550G dangane da ƙayyadaddun sa sune:
- Siffar Siffa:Sandar haske mai siffar laya tana ba da fa'ida ta musamman akan LED 3mm ko 5mm guda ɗaya don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar yanki mai haske na layi ba tare da amfani da LED daban-daban ba.
- Ƙirar Sassa:Sassa huɗu masu zaman kansu suna ba da damar raye-raye na asali, wanda ba ya samuwa a cikin kunshin LED guda ɗaya.
- Haske Mai Ƙarfi:Tare da ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na 8000 µcd a 10mA kawai, yana ba da ingantaccen fitar da haske.
- Fitarwa An Rarraba:Rarrabawar ƙarfi yana ba da tabbacin daidaito, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen ƙwararru.
10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon zango mafi girma (565nm) da tsawon zango mai rinjaye (569nm)?
A: Tsawon zango mafi girma shine kololuwar zahiri na fitar da bakan. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye shine wurin launi da idon ɗan adam ya gane, wanda aka lissafta daga cikakken bakan. Sau da yawa suna ɗan bambanta don LED kore.
Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da tushen ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun?
A: Ba a ba da shawarar ba. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ya bambanta (2.1V-2.6V). Tushen ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun tare da resistor na jeri mai sauƙi bazai iya daidaita ƙarfin lantarki yadda ya kamata a cikin wannan kewayon ba ko tare da canje-canjen zafin jiki, yana haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar wuce gona da iri. Ana fifita direban ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun.
Q: Me ya sa akwai iyakar lokacin ajiya (sa'o'i 168) bayan buɗe jakar don sigar SMD?
A
Q: Me ake nufi da "Matsakaicin Daidaita Ƙarfin Haske na 2:1"?
A: Yana nufin ƙarfin haske na bangaren mafi haske bai kamata ya wuce sau biyu ƙarfin haske na bangaren mafi duhu akan na'urar ɗaya ba lokacin da aka auna su a ƙarƙashin yanayi ɗaya (IF=10mA). Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito a ko'ina cikin sandar.
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Yanayi: Ƙirar bangaren nuna matsayi da yawa don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.
Ana iya amfani da LTL-2550G don nuna jihohi daban-daban (Wutar Lantarki, Intanet, Wi-Fi, Ayyukan Ethernet). Kowanne daga cikin sassa huɗu (A, B, C, D) ana iya sanya shi ga matsayi ɗaya. Microcontroller na iya sarrafa kowane bangare da kansa ta hanyar haɗin anode/cathode nasu. Ƙarfin haske yana tabbatar da gani. Mai ƙira zai:
1. Yi amfani da direban ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun IC wanda zai iya samar da tashoshi huɗu a kusan 10-20mA kowanne.
2. Ƙirar shimfidar PCB bisa ga zanen injiniya, yana tabbatar da daidaiton fil daidai.
3
4. Bi jagororin ajiya da solder don hana oxidization da lahani masu alaƙa da danshi yayin haɗawa.
12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki
LTL-2550G ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar ginin diode a kan anode da cathode na wani bangare, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka zuwa yanki mai aiki na guntu semiconductor (wanda aka yi da GaP ko AlInGaP). Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na kayan semiconductor ("bandgap") yana ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, kore (~565-569 nm). Ginin sandar fari yana aiki azaman mai watsawa da ruwan tabarau, yana siffanta haske zuwa katako mai siffar laya mai daidaito.
13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin
LTL-2550G yana wakiltar nau'in kunshi na musamman na aikace-aikace a cikin mafi girman masana'antar LED. Trends da ke tasiri irin waɗannan na'urori sun haɗa da:
Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Ci gaban kimiyyar kayan aiki na ci gaba (kamar amfani da AlInGaP da aka ambata) yana haifar da ingantaccen haske mafi girma (ƙarin haske a kowace watt), yana ba da damar ko dai fitarwa mafi haske a ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya ko kuma fitarwa ɗaya tare da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da ƙarancin zafi.
Ƙananan Girma & Haɗin kai:Duk da yake wannan ɓangare ne mai hankali, yanayin yana zuwa ga haɗa dabaru na sarrafawa da LED da yawa zuwa ƙwayoyin saman da ke da wayo.
Ingancin Launi da Daidaito:Ci gaba a cikin epitaxy da hanyoyin rarrabawa suna ci gaba da inganta daidaiton launi da daidaito daga rukuni zuwa rukuni, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen raka'o'i da yawa kamar yadda aka haskaka a sashin gargadi.
Mayar da hankali ga Aminci:Takardun bayani suna ƙara ba da cikakken bayani na tsawon rayuwa da bayanan kula da lumen a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, ko da yake wannan takardar bayani ta musamman tana mai da hankali kan ƙima na asali da sarrafawa.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |