IR17-21C/TR8 LED Infrared Datasheet - Nau'in 0805 - 1.2V - 940nm - 130mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

IR17-21C/TR8 diode ce mai fitar da infrared (IR) mai inganci wacce aka tsara don aikace-aikacen fasahar haɗawa ta saman (SMT) na zamani. An haɗa ta a cikin ƙaramin fakitin 0805, wannan na'urar an ƙera ta don fitar da ingantaccen infrared wanda ya dace da na'urorin gano haske na tushen silicon. Babban aikinta shine zama tushen infrared mai inganci a cikin da'irori daban-daban na firikwensin da sauyawa.

Babban fa'idar wannan ɓangaren yana cikin ƙaramin siffarta, wanda ke ba da damar ƙirar PCB mai yawa, da kuma daidaitawar haske mai kyau ga photodiodes na silicon da phototransistors, yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun hankali na tsarin. An gina na'urar tare da ruwan tabarau na filastik mai tsabta, yana ba da kallon saman lebur wanda ke taimakawa ga faɗin kusurwar gani na digiri 120. Tana bin mahimman ka'idojin muhalli da aminci, ciki har da RoHS, EU REACH, kuma ana kera ta azaman ɓangaren da ba shi da halogen.

2. Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha da Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaici na Cikakke

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba.

• Ci gaba da Ci gaba na Gaba (I_F): 65 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC wanda zai iya ci gaba da gudana ta cikin LED.
• Ƙarfin Ƙarfafawa (V_R): 5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin ƙarfi mai jujjuyawa sama da wannan na iya rushe haɗin PN na LED.
• Aiki & Zazzabin Ajiya (T_opr, T_stg): -40°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don kewayon zafin jiki na masana'antu.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d): 130 mW a 25°C. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da fakitin zai iya watsawa azaman zafi. Ana buƙatar ragewa a yanayin zafi mafi girma.
• Zafin Solder (T_sol): 260°C na ≤5 seconds. Wannan yana ayyana iyakar bayyanar sake kunnawa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na zafin yanayi 25°C da kuma halin yanzu na gaba na 20 mA, wanda ke wakiltar yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Radiant (I_e): 0.2 mW/sr (Mafi ƙanƙanta), 0.8 mW/sr (Na yau da kullun). Wannan yana auna ƙarfin haske da ake fitarwa kowace kusurwar ƙarfi. Ƙimar yau da kullun tana nuna abin da ake tsammani.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λ_p): 940 nm (Na yau da kullun). Hasken infrared da ake fitarwa yana tsakiya a wannan tsawon zango, wanda ya dace da na'urorin gano silicon waɗanda ke da babban hankali a yankin infrared na kusa.
• Bandwidth na Spectral (Δλ): 45 nm (Na yau da kullun). Wannan yana ayyana kewayon tsayin zango da ake fitarwa, yawanci Cikakken Faɗi a Rabin Matsakaici (FWHM).
• Ƙarfin Gaba (V_F): 1.2 V (Na yau da kullun), 1.5 V (Matsakaici) a 20mA. Ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba yana rage amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma nauyin zafi.
• Halin yanzu na Juyawa (I_R): 10 µA (Matsakaici) a 5V. Wannan shine halin yanzu na ɓarna lokacin da aka jujjuya na'urar.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2): 120° (Na yau da kullun). An ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar inda ƙarfin ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kan-axis, yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi sosai.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanan tana ba da lanƙwaso halaye da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin ƙira.

• Halin yanzu na Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi: Wannan jadawalin yana nuna yadda matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ke ƙaruwa, saboda iyakar watsawar wutar lantarki na fakitin. Yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Spectral: Yana kwatanta ƙarfin radiant na dangi a matsayin aiki na tsawon zango, yana tabbatar da kololuwa a 940nm da bandwidth na gani.
• Halin yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V): Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta yau da kullun na diode. Lanƙwasa tana taimakawa wajen zaɓar madaidaicin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu don wani ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka bayar.
• Ƙarfin Radiant na Dangi vs. Matsawar Angular: Zane na polar da ke nuna tsarin fitarwa. An tabbatar da kusurwar gani na digiri 120 a nan, yana nuna rarraba Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian na gama gari ga LED na saman lebur.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshewa

4.1 Girman Fakitin

IR17-21C/TR8 ya yi daidai da daidaitaccen 0805 (Imperial) ko 2012 (Metric) sawun ƙafa. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da tsawon jiki kusan 2.0 mm, faɗin 1.25 mm, da tsayi na yau da kullun 0.8 zuwa 1.0 mm (daidai ƙimar daga zane). An yiwa alama a sarari akan fakitin. An ba da shawarar tsarin kushin don ƙirar PCB, tare da shawarwari don daidaitawa dangane da takamaiman hanyoyin masana'antu.

4.2 Girman Taping na Mai ɗaukar kaya

Ana samar da abubuwan akan daidaitattun reels na tef 8mm don haɗawa ta atomatik ta ɗauka da sanyawa. Kowace reel tana ɗauke da guda 3000. An ƙayyade girman tef, gami da girman aljihu, tsayi, da diamita na reel, don tabbatar da dacewa da kayan aikin ciyarwar SMT.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

5.1 Hankalin Danshi da Ajiya

Na'urar tana da hankali ga danshi (matakin MSL da aka ƙayyade akan lakabi). Dole ne a adana jakunkunan shinge na danshi da ba a buɗe ba a ƙasa da 30°C da 90% RH. Da zarar an buɗe, abubuwan suna da rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) lokacin da aka adana a ≤60% RH. Wuce wannan yana buƙatar tsarin gasa (misali, sa'o'i 96 a 60°C) kafin sake kunnawa don hana lalacewar \"popcorning\" yayin solder.

5.2 Bayyanar Solder na Sake Kunnawa

Ana ba da shawarar bayyanar zafin sake kunnawa mara gubar (Pb-free). Mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da matakin preheat, ƙayyadadden lokaci sama da ruwa (misali, 217°C), matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da kuma jimlar lokaci a cikin yankin zafin jiki mai mahimmanci. Kada a yi sake kunnawa fiye da sau biyu.

5.3 Solder da Hannu da Gyara

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙarfe na solder tare da zafin tip a ƙasa da 350°C da ƙimar wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin 25W. Yakamata a iyakance lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tasha zuwa dakika 3, tare da isasshen sanyaya tsakanin tashoshi. Don gyara, ana ba da shawarar ƙarfe na solder mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma a guji damuwa na injiniya akan haɗin solder. Yakamata a kimanta tasirin gyara akan amincin na'urar a baya.

6. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

6.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

• Firikwensin Infrared da aka ɗora akan PCB: Ana amfani da shi azaman mai fitarwa a cikin firikwensin kusanci, gano abu, da maɓallan mara taɓawa.
• Ƙananan Shinge na Haskakawa / Masu Katsewar Gani: Haɗe tare da na'urar gano haske don gano abubuwa da ke karya katakon haske, ana amfani da su a cikin masu ɓoye, firikwensin rami, da tsarin tsaro.
• Maɓallan Gani na Lantarki: A cikin firikwensin nunawa inda hasken LED ke billa daga saman ya koma na'urar gano.
• Masu Gano Hayaki: Ana amfani da su a wasu ƙirar ɗakin gani don gano ɓangarorin hayaki da ke watsa haske.

6.2 Muhimman La'akari da Ƙira

• Iyakar Halin yanzu Wajibi ne: Dole ne a koyaushe a yi amfani da resistor na jerin waje don saita halin yanzu na gaba. Ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba na LED yana nufin ko da ƙananan ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na iya haifar da babban, lalacewar ƙaruwa a cikin halin yanzu.
• Gudanar da Zafi: Duk da cewa fakitin yana da ƙanƙanta, dole ne a yi la'akari da watsawar wutar lantarki, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi ko lokacin tuƙi kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu. Isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB na iya taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi.
• Daidaitawar Gani: Faɗin kusurwar gani na digiri 120 yana da amfani ga faɗin ɗaukar hoto amma yana rage ƙarfin a kowane takamaiman batu. Don aikace-aikacen dogon zango ko mai da hankali, ƙila a buƙaci tabarau na waje.
• Kariya daga Hayaniyar Lantarki: A cikin yanayi masu hayaniyar lantarki, yi la'akari da garkuwa ko daidaita halin yanzu na tuƙi na LED don bambanta siginar daga hayaniyar IR na yanayi (misali, daga hasken rana ko wasu tushe).

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED na infrared, mahimman bambance-bambancen IR17-21C/TR8 sune haɗuwa da ƙaramin sawun ƙafa na 0805 tare da babban ƙarfin radiant (0.8 mW/sr na yau da kullun) da faɗin kusurwar gani na digiri 120. Yawancin LED na infrared masu gasa a cikin irin wannan fakitin na iya ba da ƙunƙuntaccen kusurwar gani ko ƙananan fitarwa. Ƙarancin ƙarfin gaba na 1.2V shima fa'ida ce ga da'irori masu aiki da baturi masu ƙarancin wutar lantarki, yana inganta inganci. Bayyanannen bin ka'idojin Halogen-Free da REACH ya sa ya dace da ƙirar da ke da hankali ga muhalli tare da ƙuntatawa na kayan aiki.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

8.1 Wane ƙimar resistor yakamata in yi amfani da shi don tuƙi wannan LED a 20mA daga wadataccen wutar lantarki 5V?

Yin amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Tare da V_supply=5V, V_F=1.2V (na yau da kullun), da I_F=0.020A, R = (5 - 1.2) / 0.02 = 190 Ohms. Daidaitaccen resistor na 200 Ohm zai haifar da halin yanzu na kusan (5-1.2)/200 = 19mA, wanda aka yarda da shi. Koyaushe lissafta ta amfani da matsakaicin V_F(1.5V) don tabbatar da cewa mafi ƙarancin halin yanzu ya isa don aikace-aikacenku.

8.2 Zan iya buga wannan LED da halin yanzu sama da 65mA?

Matsakaicin Matsakaici na Ci gaba da Ci gaba na Gaba shine 65mA. Yiwuwar bugawa tare da mafi girman halin yanzu na kololuwa idan cikakken aiki yana da ƙasa sosai don kiyaye matsakaicin halin yanzu da sakamakon zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakokin aminci. Duk da haka, takardar bayanan ba ta ba da ƙididdiga na halin yanzu na bugun jini ko lanƙwaso ragewa ba. Ba a ba da shawarar aiki sama da matsakaicin matsakaici ba tare da takamaiman bayanin halayen daga masana'anta ba, saboda yana iya rage aminci da tsawon rayuwa.

8.3 Ta yaya yanayin yanayi ke shafar fitarwa?

Ƙarfin radiant na LED yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ke ƙaruwa. Jadawalin \"Halin yanzu na Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi\" yana da alaƙa da wannan a kaikaice, saboda yanayin zafi mafi girma yana tilasta rage halin yanzu da aka yarda don guje wa dumama. Don daidaiton fitarwa mai daidaito akan zafin jiki, ƙila a buƙaci da'irar amsawa ta amfani da na'urar gano haɗin gwiwa ko ramuwa na zafin jiki.

9. Ƙira na Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Shari'a: Ƙirar Firikwensin Gano Takarda a cikin Firinta

Injiniya yana buƙatar gano kasancewar takarda a cikin tiren shigarwar ƙaramin firinta. Sarari yana da iyaka sosai. Sun zaɓi IR17-21C/TR8 da madaidaicin phototransistor a cikin irin wannan fakitin. Ana sanya abubuwan a ɓangarorin gaba da baya na ƙunƙuntaccen tashoshi wanda takarda ke wucewa ta ciki. Ana tuƙi LED a 15mA (ta amfani da madaidaicin resistor daga wadataccen wutar lantarki na dabaru na firinta 3.3V) don adana wutar lantarki yayin samar da isasshen sigina. Faɗin kusurwar gani na digiri 120 na LED yana tabbatar da cewa katakon ya cika tashoshi sosai ko da tare da ƙananan kuskuren injiniya. Lokacin da takarda ta kasance, tana toshe hasken infrared, yana haifar da canji a cikin fitarwar phototransistor, wanda microcontroller ke karantawa. Ƙaramin bayanin fakitin 0805 yana ba da damar haɗa firikwensin cikin ƙirar siriri. Mai ƙira yana bin jagororin bayyanar sake kunnawa kuma yana tabbatar da tsarin PCB ya haɗa da kushin taimako na zafi don solder.

10. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Diode mai fitar da hasken Infrared (IR LED) diode ce ta semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba a kan tashoshinta (anode tabbatacce dangane da cathode), ana allurar electrons a kan haɗin PN. Yayin da waɗannan electrons suka sake haɗuwa da ramuka a cikin yanki mai aiki na kayan semiconductor (Gallium Aluminum Arsenide - GaAlAs a wannan yanayin), ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (ɓangarorin haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin kayan GaAlAs yana ƙayyade tsawon zango na photons da aka fitar, wanda ke cikin bakan infrared (940nm) don wannan na'urar. Wannan tsawon zango ba a iya gani ga idon ɗan adam amma ana iya gano shi yadda ya kamata ta hanyar photodiodes na tushen silicon da phototransistors, waɗanda ke haifar da halin yanzu lokacin da photons na isasshen makamashi suka buga su.

11. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Trend a cikin optoelectronics, gami da abubuwan IR, yana ci gaba zuwa ga ƙananan ƙira, ingantaccen inganci, da haɗawa. Fakitin da ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da 0805 (misali, 0603, 0402) suna zama gama gari don aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙuntatawa. Hakanan akwai yunƙurin ƙara ƙarfin radiant da fitarwar wutar lantarki daga ƙananan fakitin ta hanyar ingantaccen ƙirar guntu da kayan kunshewa. Haɗawa wani muhimmin trend ne, tare da haɗin gwiwar mai fitarwa-mai gano a cikin fakitin guda ɗaya (opto-couplers, firikwensin nunawa) yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa da inganta daidaitawa. Bugu da ƙari, buƙatar abubuwan da suka dace da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli (RoHS, REACH, Halogen-Free) yanzu shine daidaitaccen buƙata a duk faɗin masana'antar, yana haifar da sabbin abubuwa na kimiyyar kayan aiki a cikin solder mara gubar da mahadi na kunshewa.