Bayanin LED Mai Fitowa da Haske na Infrared 850nm SMD - Tsawon Tsawon Haske 850nm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 1.4V - Ƙarfin Haske 20mW/sr - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana cikakken bayyana ƙayyadaddun bayanai na kayan aikin fitar da infrared da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen fasahar hawa a saman (SMT). Na'urar ita ce diode mai fitar da infrared (IRED) mai tsawon 850nm wacce aka gina ta da tsarin kayan AlGaAs, an kulle ta a cikin daidaitaccen fakitin EIA tare da ruwan tabarau mai baƙar fata don sarrafa rarraba haske. An ƙera ta don samar da ingantaccen aiki a cikin yanayin haɗa kai ta atomatik.

Babban aikin wannan ɓangaren shine canza wutar lantarki cikin inganci zuwa hasken infrared a tsayin tsawon haske na 850 nanometers. Ana amfani da wannan tsayin haske a aikace-aikace inda fitar da haske mai gani ba a so, ko kuma inda ake buƙatar dacewa da na'urorin gano haske na tushen silicon (waɗanda ke da babban hankali a kusa da 850-940nm). Samfurin ya bi ka'idojin RoHS kuma an rarraba shi azaman samfuri mai kore.

1.1 Siffofi da Aikace-aikace Masu Muhimmanci

Mai fitar da infrared yana da siffofi masu mahimmanci da suka sa ya dace da masana'antar kera lantarki na zamani:

• Dacewa da hanyoyin sayar da infrared reflow, wanda ke da mahimmanci don haɗa PCB mai yawa.
• An haɗa shi a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels mai diamita 7-inch don amfani da kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik.
• Yana da ƙirar kallon sama tare da ruwan tabarau mai baƙar fata, yana ba da kusurwar kallo ta yau da kullun (2θ1/2) na digiri 20 don fitar da haske mai jagora.
• Tsayin tsawon haske mai fitarwa (λp) an ƙayyade shi a 850nm.

Yankunan Aikace-aikace na Farko:Ana nufin ɓangaren a matsayin mai fitar da infrared a cikin tsarin da ke buƙatar sadarwar haske mara gani ko azanci. Aikace-aikacen yau da kullun sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ba, na'urorin sarrafa nesa don kayan lantarki na masu amfani, hanyoyin sadarwar infrared na gajeren zango, da tsarin firikwensin infrared da aka hawa akan PCB kamar na'urori masu gano kusanci ko masu katsewa.

2. Iyakar Ma'auni na Cikakke

Aiki da na'urar fiye da waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin. Duk ma'auni an ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin yanayi (TA) na 25°C.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (PD):100 mW
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (IFP):800 mA (a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini: bugun jini 300 a kowace dakika, faɗin bugun jini 10μs)
• Halayen Gaba na DC (IF):60 mA
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-55°C zuwa +100°C
• Sayar da Infrared Reflow:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 10 an yarda.

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin aiki don ingantaccen rayuwar na'urar. Wuce gona da iri na halin gaba na DC ko lalata wutar lantarki zai haifar da zafi mai yawa, wanda zai iya haifar da ƙara lalacewar haɗin semiconductor. Ma'aunin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya yana da mahimmanci don kare LED daga fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) ko haɗin polarity mara kyau a cikin kewaye.

3. Halaye na Lantarki da Haske

Ana ba da garantin waɗannan sigogi a yanayin zafin yanayi na 25°C a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji. Waɗannan ƙimar suna wakiltar aikin yau da kullun da ake tsammani daga na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_E):20 mW/sr (Na yau da kullun) a halin gaba (I_F) na 20mA. Tolerancin gwaji na wannan ma'auni shine ±15%.
• Tsayin Tsawon Haske Mai Fitarwa (λ_Peak):850 nm (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 20mA.
• Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):50 nm (Na yau da kullun) a I_F= 20mA. Wannan yana nuna faɗin bakan inda ƙarfin haske ya kasance aƙalla rabin ƙimar kololuwa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):1.4 V (Na yau da kullun), tare da matsakaicin 1.7 V a I_F= 20mA.
• Halin Baya (I_R):10 μA (Matsakaici) a ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):digiri 20 (Na yau da kullun). θ_1/2an ayyana shi azaman kusurwar kashe-ax inda ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimarsa akan ax na gani (digiri 0).

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wani muhimmin sigogi ne don ƙirar kewaye, saboda yana ƙayyade faɗuwar wutar lantarki a kan LED kuma yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu. Kusurwar kallon digiri 20 tana nuna ƙaramin katako, wanda yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai jagora akan wani yanki ko nisa na musamman.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Fahimtar waɗannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar tsari mai ƙarfi.

4.1 Rarraba Bakan

Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan yana nuna ƙarfin haske na dangi a matsayin aikin tsawon haske. Ga wannan mai fitar da 850nm, fitarwa yana tsakiya a kusa da 850nm tare da faɗin rabin na yau da kullun na 50nm. Wannan siffa tana da mahimmanci don daidaita mai fitarwa da hankalin bakan na mai karɓar firikwensin gano haske (misali, silicon PIN photodiode ko phototransistor) don haɓaka rabo na sigina zuwa amo.

4.2 Halin Gaba da Zafin Yanayi

Wannan lanƙwasa rage ƙima yana nuna matsakaicin halin gaba na DC da aka yarda yana raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. A matsakaicin zafin aiki na +85°C, halin yanzu na ci gaba da aiki ya yi ƙasa sosai fiye da ma'aunin 60mA a 25°C. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don tabbatar da cewa ba a yi amfani da LED fiye da kima a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.

4.3 Halin Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)

Lanƙwasa IV yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da aka yi amfani da shi da sakamakon halin yanzu ta hanyar LED. An nuna ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun na 1.4V a 20mA akan wannan lanƙwasa. Yanayin ƙididdiga na lanƙwasa yana nuna dalilin da yasa dole ne a motsa LED ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu ko tare da resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu na jerin, saboda ƙaramin canji a cikin wutar lantarki na iya haifar da babban canji a cikin halin yanzu.

4.4 Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi da Halin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna cewa fitar da haske (ƙarfin haske) yana da kusan daidai da halin gaba a cikin kewayon aikin sa na yau da kullun. Ba shi da cikakken layi saboda zafi da sauran abubuwan inganci, amma yana tabbatar da cewa sarrafa halin yanzu shine hanyar farko don sarrafa fitar da haske.

4.5 Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi da Zafin Yanayi

Ƙarfin fitarwa na LED yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin sa ya tashi. Wannan lanƙwasa yana ƙididdige wannan alaƙa, yana nuna ƙarfin haske na dangi yana raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa, ko da ana riƙe da halin yanzu na tuƙi. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan rage ƙimar zafin jiki a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen fitarwa akan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi.

4.6 Tsarin Radiation (Zanen Polar)

Zanen polar yana wakiltar kusurwar kallo a hoto. An tsara ƙarfin da aka daidaita da kusurwar daga ax na tsakiya. Zanen don wannan na'urar ya tabbatar da rabin kusurwar digiri 20, yana nuna tsarin katako wanda ya fi ƙarfi a tsakiya kuma yana faɗuwa daidai.

5. Bayanan Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Bayani

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen bayanin fakitin hawa a saman EIA. Muhimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki, tazarar jagora, da tsayin gaba ɗaya. An ba da duk girma a cikin millimeters tare da juriya na yau da kullun na ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Fakitin yana da jikin epoxy mai baƙi tare da ruwan tabarau mai kumfa.

5.2 Tsarin Kafet ɗin Sayarwa da aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da tsarin ƙasa (sawun ƙafa) da aka ba da shawarar don ƙirar PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen samuwar haɗin gwiwa yayin sake kwarara. Girman su ne 1.8mm a tsayi da 1.0mm a faɗi don yankunan kafet ɗin farko, tare da tazarar 1.0mm a tsakaninsu. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da stencil na ƙarfe don aikace-aikacen man guduro tare da kauri na 0.1mm (4 mils) ko 0.12mm (5 mils).

5.3 Girman Fakitin Tef da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan a cikin tef mai ɗaukar kaya a kan reels mai diamita 7-inch (178mm). Faɗin tef shine 8mm. Kowace reel tana ƙunshe da guda 2000. Fakitin ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. An rufe tef ɗin da tef ɗin murfi, kuma matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a jere a cikin reel shine biyu.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa, Sarrafawa, da Aikace-aikace

6.1 Sayarwa da Bayanin Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin sayar da infrared (IR) reflow, wanda shine ma'auni don haɗa SMT. Ana ba da shawarar bayanin reflow mai dacewa da JEDEC don guduro mara gubar (Pb-free). Muhimman sigogi na wannan bayanin sun haɗa da: matakin pre-heat a 150-200°C har zuwa dakika 120, sannan hawan zafin jiki zuwa kololuwar 260°C matsakaici. Lokacin da ya wuce 245°C ya kamata a sarrafa shi, kuma jimlar lokacin a matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C bai kamata ya wuce dakika 10 ba. Yana da mahimmanci a bi shawarwarin masana'anta na man guduro da kuma aiwatar da siffanta matakin allon, saboda ingantaccen bayanin na iya bambanta dangane da takamaiman haɗin PCB.

Don sake aikin hannu tare da guntun ƙarfe, zafin ƙarshen bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 3 kowane haɗin gwiwa.

6.2 Ajiya da Hankalin Danshi

Lokacin da aka rufe jakar shinge na asali mai hana danshi (tare da desiccant), ya kamata a adana abubuwan a 30°C ko ƙasa da haka da kuma 90% danshi na dangi (RH) ko ƙasa da haka. Rayuwar shinge a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan shekara ɗaya ce. Da zarar an buɗe jakar shinge, abubuwan suna fuskantar danshi na yanayi. Don tsawaita ajiya a waje da fakitin asali (fiye da mako guda), ana ba da shawarar sosai a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant ko a cikin desiccator mai tsabtace nitrogen. Idan abubuwan sun kasance a cikin yanayin yanayi sama da mako guda, ana buƙatar tsarin yin burodi (kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20) kafin sayar da reflow don cire danshin da aka ɗauka da hana lalacewar \"popcorning\" yayin reflow.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan sayarwa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi na tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Tsaftataccen ko masu tsaftace sinadarai masu ƙarfi na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko fakitin.

6.4 Ƙirar Kewaye na Tuƙi

LED na'ura ce mai sarrafa halin yanzu. Don tabbatar da daidaitaccen fitar da haske da hana lalacewa, dole ne a motsa ta ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu da aka sarrafa. Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawanci ita ce amfani da resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu na jerin. Ƙimar resistor (R_series) ana iya ƙididdige ta ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_series= (V_supply- V_F) / I_F, inda V_Fshine ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na LED a halin yanzu da ake so I_F. Lokacin da aka haɗa LED da yawa a layi daya, ana ba da shawarar sosai a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewar halin yanzu na daban don kowane LED (kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin \"Kewaye A\" a cikin takardar asali) don hana cin halin yanzu da tabbatar da haske iri ɗaya, saboda ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba na iya bambanta kaɗan daga na'urar zuwa na'urar.

6.5 La'akari da Gargaɗin Aikace-aikace

An ƙera wannan samfurin don amfani a cikin daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki na kasuwanci da masana'antu, gami da kayan aikin ofis, na'urorin sadarwa, da kayan aikin gida. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen aminci inda gazawar zai iya haifar da rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, jirgin sama, tsarin likita, na'urorin aminci masu mahimmanci), takamaiman cancanta da tuntuɓar masana'anta na ɓangaren yana da mahimmanci kafin ƙira. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi aiki da na'urar a cikin Iyakokin Ma'auni na Cikakke da ƙayyadaddun yanayin aiki, la'akari da mafi munin yanayin muhalli don aikace-aikacensu.