Bayanin LED Mai Fitowa da Infrared 940nm Duban Gefe - 3.0x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Gaba 1.2V - Ƙarfin Hasken Rana 3.0mW/sr - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na kayan aikin mai fitowa da infrared. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar isar da siginar infrared mai aminci, tare da kololuwar tsayin zangon fitarwa na 940nm. Babban aikinta shi ne canza wutar lantarki zuwa hasken infrared, wanda ya sa ta zama babban sashi a cikin tsarin sadarwa da na'urori masu gani na hasken da ba a iya gani ba.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Kayan aikin yana ba da haɗin gwiwa na babban aiki da ƙirƙira. Manyan fa'idodi sun haɗa da dacewa da kayan aikin sanya ta atomatik da hanyoyin gudanar da gudanarwa na infrared, waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe haɗawa mai yawa. Fakitin duban gefe tare da ruwan tabarau mai tsafta yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da hanyar fitarwa ta kasance a layi daya da PCB da aka sanya. Manyan kasuwannin da ake nufi sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani don ayyukan sarrafa nesa, tsarin watsa bayanai mara waya na ɗan gajeren zango, da duk wani aikace-aikacen tsaro da na'urori masu gani.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bayani, fassarar maƙasudi na mahimman ƙayyadaddun bayanai na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun (TA=25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a tabbatar da aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba. Manyan iyakoki sun haɗa da ɓarnar wutar lantarki na 100mW, kololuwar halin yanzu na gaba na 1A a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (300pps, faɗin bugun jini na 10µs), da ci gaba da halin yanzu na DC na 50mA. Na'urar na iya jure ƙarfin juyawa har zuwa 5V, kodayake ba a ƙirƙira ta don aikin juyawa ba. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin jiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun. Ƙarfin haske (I_E) shine mafi ƙarancin 3.0 mW/sr lokacin da aka motsa shi a halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20mA. Ƙarfin gaba (V_F) yawanci 1.2V ne, tare da matsakaicin 1.5V a 20mA. Kololuwar tsayin zangon fitarwa (λ_p) yana tsakiya a 940nm, wanda ke cikin bakan infrared na kusa kuma ba a iya gani ga idon ɗan adam. Kusurwar kallo (2θ_1/2) shine digiri 45, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman cikakken kusurwar inda ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axis ɗin sa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

An rarraba na'urar zuwa kwandon daban-daban dangane da fitar da ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da ke da ƙarfin gani mai daidaito don aikace-aikacensu. Lambobin kwandon da aka bayar sune J, K, da L. Misali, na'urar daga Bin J za ta sami ƙarfin haske tsakanin 3.0 zuwa 4.5 mW/sr lokacin da aka auna a 20mA. Bin K ya kewayo daga 4.0 zuwa 6.0 mW/sr, kuma Bin L yana da mafi ƙarancin 5.0 mW/sr. Tolerancin gwaji na ±15% ya shafi kowane kwandon.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanan ta haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Rarraba Bakan

Lanƙwasa rarraba bakan yana nuna ƙarfin haske mai dangi a matsayin aikin tsayin zango. Yana tabbatar da kololuwar a 940nm kuma yana kwatanta faɗin bakan, tare da rabin faɗi na yau da kullun (Δλ) na 50nm. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don daidaita mai fitarwa tare da hankalin bakan na mai gano hoto mai dacewa.

4.2 Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa IV yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da faɗuwar ƙarfin gaba a kan diode. Ba layi ne ba, na yau da kullun na diode semiconductor. Fahimtar wannan lanƙwasa yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar daidaitaccen da'irar direba mai iyakancewa don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi da hana guduwar zafi.

4.3 Dogaro da Zazzabi

An ba da lanƙwasa da ke nuna bambancin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin haske mai dangi tare da yanayin zafi na muhalli. Waɗannan jadawalin suna nuna cewa ƙarfin gaba yana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau (yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki), yayin da ƙarfin fitarwa na gani yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Wannan wani muhimmin abu ne don aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai tsanani.

4.4 Tsarin Radiation

Zanen radiation na polar yana wakiltar rarraba sararin samaniya na hasken infrared da aka fitar. Fakitin duban gefe yana samar da tsari mai kama da lambertian, tare da ƙarfin ya fi girma a kai tsaye zuwa guntu kuma yana raguwa zuwa gefuna, yana ayyana kusurwar kallo na digiri 45.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Bayani

Bangaren shine daidaitaccen fakitin da aka sanya a saman EIA. Manyan girma sun haɗa da tsawon jiki kusan 3.0mm, faɗin 2.8mm, da tsayi na 1.9mm. An ba da cikakkun zane-zane tare da jurewa (±0.1mm sai dai idan an lura) don ƙirar sawun PCB.

5.2 Tsarin Kafet ɗin Solder

An ƙayyade shirin ƙasa da aka ba da shawarar (ƙirar kafet ɗin solder) don PCB. Wannan ya haɗa da girman kafet ɗin da tazara don tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar solder yayin sake kwarara. Shawarar ta haɗa da amfani da stencil na ƙarfe mai kauri na 0.1mm (4 mils) ko 0.12mm (5 mils) don aikace-aikacen man solder.

5.3 Ganewar Polarity

An yiwa alama cathode akan fakitin. Ya kamata a duba zanen takardar bayanan don gano polarity, wanda yake da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen alkibla yayin haɗawa don tabbatar da cewa na'urar tana aiki da kyau.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Ma'aunin Solder na Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin solder na infrared reflow, musamman don solder mara gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba na sake kwarara, tare da mahimman ma'auni da suka haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C), matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin sama da 260°C an iyakance shi zuwa matsakaicin dakika 10. Ya kamata bayanin ya bi ka'idodin JEDEC.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya

Bangaren yana da hankali ga danshi, an ƙididdige shi a matakin 3. Idan ainihin jakar kariya ta danshi ba a buɗe ba, ya kamata a adana shi a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 90% RH kuma a yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe, ya kamata a adana abubuwan a ≤ 30°C da ≤ 60% RH. Don tsawaita ajiya a waje da ainihin marufi, yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da desiccant. Abubuwan da aka fallasa fiye da mako guda ya kamata a gasa su a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don hana popcorning yayin sake kwarara.

6.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi na tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol. Tsattsauran ko sinadarai masu ƙarfi na iya lalata fakitin ko ruwan tabarau.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kaset da Reel

Ana samar da abubuwan a cikin kaset mai ɗaukar hoto mai faɗin 8mm akan reels masu diamita 13-inch. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 6000. Marufi ya yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Matsakaicin adadin abubuwan da suka ɓace a cikin kaset shine biyu.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen shine a matsayin mai fitar da infrared a cikin raka'o'in sarrafa nesa don na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani (TVs, tsarin sauti, na'urorin sanyaya iska). Hakanan ya dace don watsa bayanan IR na ɗan gajeren zango (misali, sadarwa irin ta IrDA), gano kutsawa a cikin ƙararrawar tsaro, da kuma gano abu inda dole ne a guje wa tsangwama na haske mai gani.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

Da'irar Motsa jiki:LED na'ura ce mai motsa jiki. Resistor mai iyakancewa na jerin ko da'irar direba mai ci gaba dole ne don saita wurin aiki (misali, 20mA) da kare na'urar daga wuce gona da iri. Ƙarfin gaba mai ƙasa yana ba shi damar tuƙi kai tsaye daga da'irorin dabaru masu ƙarancin wutar lantarki (3.3V, 5V) tare da resistor mai sauƙi.

Gudanar da Zafi:Yayin da ɓarnar wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB don kafet ɗin cathode na iya taimakawa wajen tarwatsa zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai tsananin muhalli ko yayin ci gaba da aiki, don kiyaye kwanciyar hankali da tsawon rai.

Daidaituwar Gani:Siffar duban gefe ta dace lokacin da ake buƙatar fitar da siginar IR a layi daya da saman PCB. Ana buƙatar ƙirar injiniya mai dacewa na gida don samar da hanyar da ba ta da cikas ga katakon IR.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na yau da kullun, wannan na'urar tana fitarwa a cikin bakan infrared (940nm), wanda ya sa ba a iya gani. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran masu fitar da IR, manyan bambance-bambancensa sun haɗa da fakitin duban gefe don takamaiman alkiblun sanyawa, kusurwar kallo mai faɗi na digiri 45 don kyakkyawan ɗaukar hoto, da bin ka'idodin RoHS da sabis na kore. Haɗin kayan GaAs don fitarwa na 940nm yana ba da daidaiton inganci da farashi don aikace-aikacen sarrafa nesa na yau da kullun.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar ƙimar ƙarfin juyawa na 5V idan ba a yi amfani da na'urar don aikin juyawa ba?

A: Wannan ƙimar tana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin juyawa da haɗin diode zai iya jurewa ba tare da rushewa ba yayin haɗuwa na lokaci-lokaci ko na bazata a cikin da'ira. Ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi ne, ba yanayin aiki ba.

Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi lambar kwandon daidai?

A: Zaɓi dangane da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin haske da ake buƙata don kasafin hanyar haɗin aikace-aikacenku (nisa, hankalin mai karɓa). Bin L yana ba da mafi girman tabbataccen fitarwa. Don aikace-aikacen masu hankali ga farashi inda ƙarancin ƙarfi ya yarda, Bin J ko K na iya dacewa.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan da tushen wutar lantarki kai tsaye?

A: A'a. Ƙarfin gaba yana bambanta da zafin jiki da tsakanin na'urori ɗaya. Tuƙi tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ci gaba, ko da na yau da kullun 1.2V, na iya haifar da wuce gona da iri na halin yanzu da gazawar na'urar saboda halayen I-V na diode. Koyaushe yi amfani da tsarin iyakancewa na halin yanzu.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Yanayin Amfani

Harka: Ƙirar Mai Watsa Sarrafa Nesa IR Mai Sauƙi.

Yanayin amfani na yau da kullun shine ɓoyayyen danna maɓalli zuwa siginar IR da aka daidaita. Za a iya amfani da filin GPIO microcontroller don samar da mitar mai ɗaukar hoto (misali, 38kHz) da tsarin daidaitawa. Wannan siginar yana motsa maɓalli na transistor (misali, NPN ko N-channel MOSFET) a jere tare da mai fitar da IR. An haɗa anode na mai fitarwa zuwa wutar lantarki (misali, 3V daga batirin AA guda biyu) ta hanyar transistor, kuma an haɗa cathode zuwa ƙasa. Resistor a jere tare da mai fitarwa yana saita halin yanzu na bugun jini zuwa, misali, 20mA. Fakitin duban gefe yana ba da damar ƙirar mai nesa tare da PCB a layi daya da fuskar gaba, tare da taga don katakon IR.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Mai fitar da infrared diode ne na haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor da aka ƙera daga kayan kamar Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin gaba mai gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana allurar su a kan haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi. A cikin diode mai fitar da haske, ana sakin wannan makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor (GaAs a wannan yanayin) yana ƙayyade tsayin zangon photons da aka fitar, wanda ke cikin yankin infrared (940nm) don wannan na'urar.

13. Trends na Masana'antu da Ci gaba

Yanayin a cikin abubuwan infrared daban-daban yana ci gaba zuwa mafi girman inganci (ƙarin fitarwa mai haske a kowace watt shigarwa), wanda ke ba da damar tsawon rai na baturi a cikin na'urorin da ake ɗauka. Hakanan akwai motsa jiki don ƙananan fakitin yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani. Bugu da ƙari, abubuwan da ke da haɗakar direbobi ko dabaru don ƙirar tsarin mai sauƙi suna zama gama gari. Fasahar asali don daidaitattun masu fitarwa na 940nm sun girma, amma ingantattun hanyoyin suna mayar da hankali kan yawan amfanin ƙasa, daidaito (ƙarfin binning), da rage farashi don manyan kasuwannin masu amfani.