Bayanin Fasaha na LTLE-32F0L-032A - Mai Fitowa da Mai Gano Haske IR - Tsarin T-1 3/4 - Tsawon Raɗin 850nm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.95V - Watsawar Wutar 180mW

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanai game da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun na'urar fitarwa da kuma mai gano haske infrared (IR) mai banbanta. An ƙera na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitarwa da kuma gano hasken infrared, tana aiki a tsayin raɗin kololuwa na 850 nanometers (nm). An haɗa ta a cikin sanannen tsarin diamita T-1 3/4 tare da murfin bayyananne, wanda ya sa ta dace da nau'ikan tsarin na'urorin gani da yawa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Bangaren yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa ciki har da saurin aiki, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da ingantaccen aiki. Ya bi ka'idojin muhalli na rashin gubar (Pb-free) da RoHS. Aikace-aikacensa na farko sun haɗa da amfani da shi azaman mai fitar da haske IR na 850nm, haɗawa cikin tsarin gani na dare na kyamarori, da kuma aikace-aikacen firikwensin da ake amfani da hasken infrared don tantance kusanci, watsa bayanai, ko gano abubuwa.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bayani, fassarar ma'auni mahimman na na'urar.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. An ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25°C.

• Watsawar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):180 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa a matsayin zafi ba tare da wuce iyakokin zafinta ba.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (IFP):1 A. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (bugun jini 300 a kowace dakika, faɗin bugun jini 10μs). Wuce wannan zai iya haifar da gazawa mai tsanani.
• Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba na Ci gaba (IF):100 mA. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki DC da za a iya amfani da shi akai-akai.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Juya Baya (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai juyawa sama da wannan zai iya rushe haɗin semiconductor.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki:-40°C zuwa +85°C. Kewayon zafin muhalli wanda aka tabbatar cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki daidai da ƙayyadaddun ta.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya:-55°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zafin Solder na Jagora:320°C na tsawon dakika 3, an auna shi 4.0mm daga jikin bangaren.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Waɗannan su ne ma'auni na yau da kullun na aikin da aka auna a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji a TA=25°C.

• Ƙarfin Haske (I_E):28 mW/sr (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana auna ƙarfin hasken da ake fitarwa a kowace sashin kusurwa (steradian) lokacin da aka tuka shi da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (I_F) na 50mA. Wannan ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci don hasken mai fitarwa.
• Tsayin Raɗin Fitowa na Kololuwa (λ_Peak):850 nm. Tsayin raɗin da mai fitarwa ke fitar da mafi yawan ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana cikin kusancin bakan infrared, wanda idon ɗan adam ba zai iya gani ba amma silicon photodiodes da yawancin firikwensin kyamara za su iya gano shi.
• Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):50 nm. Wannan yana nuna faɗin bakan; kewayon tsayin raɗin da ake fitar da ƙarfin haske mai mahimmanci. Ƙimar 50nm ta zama ruwan dare ga daidaitattun masu fitar da haske IR na GaAs/AlGaAs.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (V_F):1.6V (Mafi ƙanƙanta), 1.95V (Na yau da kullun), ba a ƙayyade Mafi girma ba a I_F=50mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin na'urar lokacin da ake watsa ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi mai iyakancewa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Juya Baya (I_R):100 μA (Mafi girma) a V_R=5V. Ƙaramin ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ɓarna wanda ke gudana lokacin da na'urar ta kasance cikin juyawar baya.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 60. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar sa mafi girma (a kan axis). Yana ayyana yaduwar hasken da aka fitar.

3. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanin bayanin yana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

3.1 Rarraba Bakan

Hoto na 1 yana nuna ƙarfin haske mai alaƙa a matsayin aikin tsayin raɗi. Lanƙwasa tana tsakiya a 850nm tare da ƙayyadaddun rabin faɗi na 50nm, yana tabbatar da halayen bakan. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dacewa tare da hankalin bakan na mai gano da aka yi niyya (misali, silicon photodiode ko tace IR na kyamara).

3.2 Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Hoto na 3 yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba. Wannan lanƙwasa tana da yanayin ƙima, na yau da kullun ga diode. Yana nuna cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don zaɓar madaidaicin resistor mai iyakancewa don cimma wurin aiki da ake so (misali, 50mA don ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin haske) ba tare da wuce matsakaicin ma'auni ba.

3.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Hotuna na 2 da 4 suna nuna tasirin zafin muhalli akan aikin na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba da Zafin Muhalli (Hoto 2):Da alama yana nuna yadda ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a ƙayyadadden ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru (coefficient na zafin jiki mara kyau), halin gama gari a cikin LEDs.
• Ƙarfin Haske Mai Alaƙa da Zafin Muhalli (Hoto 4):Yana nuna cewa ƙarfin fitarwa na haske na mai fitarwa yana raguwa yayin da zafin muhalli ya tashi. Wannan raguwa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma; ƙarfin tuƙi na iya buƙatar ƙaruwa (a cikin iyakoki) don kiyaye fitarwa na haske akai-akai, ko kuma ana iya buƙatar sarrafa zafi.

3.4 Ƙarfin Haske Mai Alaƙa da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

Hoto na 5 yana nuna yadda ƙarfin fitarwa na haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin tuƙi. Wannan alaƙa gabaɗaya tana da layi a kan kewayon amma a ƙarshe zai cika a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai girma saboda iyakokin zafi da inganci. Yin aiki kusa da wurin na yau da kullun na 50mA yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da tsawon rai.

3.5 Zanen Radiation

Hoto na 6 zane ne na polar wanda ke nuna rarraba kusurwa na ƙarfin hasken da aka fitar, yana nuna kusurwar dubawa na digiri 60 a zahiri. Ƙarfin yana da mafi girma tare da axis na tsakiya (0°) kuma yana raguwa zuwa gefuna.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi

4.1 Girman Bayani

Na'urar tana amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin zagaye T-1 3/4 (5mm). Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da: duk girma a cikin mm (inci), ƙimar ƙima na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi, matsakaicin tsawaitawar resin a ƙarƙashin flange na 0.5mm, da tazarar jagora da aka auna a wurin fita na fakiti. Cikakken zanen injiniya yana ba da bayanai masu mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB, yana tabbatar da dacewa da daidaitawa.

4.2 Girman Marufi na Tape da Reel

Don haɗawa ta atomatik, ana samar da abubuwan a kan tef ɗin ɗaukar hoto mai zane. Sashe na 6 yana ba da cikakken tebur na girman tef ciki har da diamita ramin ciyarwa (D: 3.8-4.2mm), tsarin abu (P: 12.5-12.9mm), girman aljihu (P1, P2, H), da faɗin tef (W3: 17.5-19.0mm). Tef ɗin manne (faɗin W1: 12.5-13.5mm) yana rufe abubuwan a cikin aljihu. Waɗannan ƙayyadaddun suna da mahimmanci don shirya injinan ɗauka da sanyawa da ƙirar tsarin ciyarwa.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don dogaro.

5.1 Ajiya

Ya kamata a adana abubuwan a ≤30°C da ≤70% zafi na dangi. Idan an cire su daga ainihin jakar shinge na danshi, ya kamata a yi amfani da su cikin watanni uku. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci a waje da jakar, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da bushewa ko nitrogen desiccator don hana shan danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" yayin solder.

5.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan tsaftacewa ya zama dole, yi amfani da kaushi na barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol. Sinadarai masu tsauri na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy.

5.3 Samuwar Jagora

Lankwasa jagororin a wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau. Kada ku yi amfani da jikin fakiti azaman fulcrum. Dole ne a yi samuwar a zafin jiki na daki kuma kafin solder. Yi amfani da ƙaramin ƙarfi yayin shigar da PCB don guje wa damuwa.

5.4 Ma'auni na Solder

Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin tsabta 3mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau zuwa wurin solder. Kada a taɓa nutsar da ruwan tabarau cikin solder.

• Ƙarfe na Solder:Matsakaicin 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3 (sau ɗaya kawai).
• Solder Wave:Pre-heat ≤100°C na ≤60 sec, solder wave ≤320°C na ≤3 sec. Matsayin tsoma dole ne ya zama ba ƙasa da 2mm daga gindin ruwan tabarau.
• Muhimmin Bayanin Kula:Yawan zafi ko lokaci zai iya lalata ruwan tabarau ko lalata na'urar. Infrared (IR) reflow bai dace da wannan bangaren ta hanyar rami ba.

6. Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

6.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

Wannan na'urar ce mai aiki da ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske lokacin tuƙa masu fitarwa da yawa a layi daya, dole ne a sanya resistor mai iyakancewa a jere tare dakowace LED ta daban(Da'irar A). Kawai haɗa LEDs a layi daya tare da resistor ɗaya da aka raba (Da'irar B) ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) na kowace na'ura, wanda zai haifar da rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki mara daidaituwa don haka haske mara daidaituwa.

6.2 Kariya daga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

Bangaren yana da hankali ga ESD da ƙaruwar wutar lantarki. Matakan rigakafi sun zama dole:

• Yi amfani da bel ɗin wuyan ƙasa da safar hannu masu hana tashin hankali.
• Tabbatar cewa duk kayan aiki, wurunan aiki, da rumfunan ajiya suna da ƙasa daidai.
• Yi amfani da ionizers don kawar da cajin tsaye wanda zai iya taruwa akan ruwan tabarau na filastik.

6.3 Iyakar Aikace-aikace da Dogaro

An yi niyya don na'urar don kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun (ofis, sadarwa, gida). Don aikace-aikacen da gazawar zai iya haifar da rayuwa ko lafiya (jirgin sama, likita, tsarin aminci), ana buƙatar tuntuba na musamman da cancanta kafin amfani, saboda bayanan dogaro na yau da kullun bazai isa ga irin waɗannan amfani masu mahimmanci ba.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Trends

7.1 Bambance-bambance

Tsayin raɗin 850nm yana ba da daidaito tsakanin ingantaccen hankalin mai gano silicon da ƙarancin sha a cikin kayan da yawa idan aka kwatanta da tsayin raɗin IR mai tsayi. Tsarin T-1 3/4 shine ma'auni na masana'antu, yana tabbatar da dacewa da kwasfa da shimfidar PCB. Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta (sabanin mai launi) yana ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa na haske don aikin mai fitarwa.

7.2 Ka'idar Aiki

A matsayin Mai Fitar da IR (IRED): Lokacin da aka yi wa gaba sama da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na bakin kofa, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor (mai yiwuwa GaAs/AlGaAs), suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons a tsayin raɗi na 850nm. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana siffata da kuma jagorantar wannan fitarwa na haske.

A matsayin Mai Gano (Photodiode): Lokacin da photons tare da isasshen makamashi suka bugi haɗin semiconductor, suna haifar da nau'i-nau'i na ramukan lantarki, suna haifar da photocurrent lokacin da na'urar ta kasance cikin juyawar baya. Wannan ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana daidai da ƙarfin hasken da ya faru.

7.3 Trends na Ƙira

Masana'antu na ci gaba da tuƙi don ƙarin inganci (ƙarin fitarwa na haske a kowace watt na lantarki), ingantaccen sauri don watsa bayanai, da ingantaccen dogaro. Fakiti na Surface-mount device (SMD) suna ƙara zama ruwan dare don haɗawa ta atomatik, kodayake fakiti ta hanyar rami kamar wannan sun kasance masu mahimmanci don ƙirar samfuri, aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, ko yanayin da ke buƙatar ingantaccen hawan injiniya.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V ko 3.3V?

A: A'a. Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na jere. Misali, don cimma 50mA daga wadata na 5V tare da V na yau da kullun_Fna 1.95V: R = (5V - 1.95V) / 0.05A = 61 Ohms. Resistor na 62 Ohm zai dace. Koyaushe duba ainihin V_Fda ƙimar wutar lantarki na resistor.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin \"Ƙarfin Haske\" (mW/sr) da \"Kusurwar Dubawa\"?

A> Ƙarfin Haske yana auna tattarawar ƙarfin haske a cikin wata hanya da aka ba da (kowace steradian). Kusurwar Dubawa tana bayyana yaduwar kusurwar wannan katako. Na'urar mai ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi amma kunkuntar kusurwar dubawa tana haifar da tabo mai mai da hankali sosai. Wannan na'urar tana da matsakaicin kusurwar dubawa na digiri 60, tana ba da daidaito mai kyau tsakanin tattarawar katako da ɗaukar hoto.

Q: Me yasa zafin ajiya yake da mahimmanci?

A: Marufi na epoxy na iya sha danshi. A lokacin tsarin solder mai zafi, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya fashe fakiti ko raba haɗin ciki—gazawar da aka sani da \"popcorning.\"

Q: Shin zan iya amfani da wannan don watsa bayanai mai sauri kamar sarrafa nesa na IR?

A> Duk da yake an jera shi a matsayin \"sauri,\" dacewarsa ya dogara da ƙimar bayanai da ake buƙata. Ƙimar bugun jini na 10μs don ƙarfin kololuwa yana nuna cewa zai iya ɗaukar bugun jini mai matsakaicin sauri. Don sadarwa mai sauri sosai (misali, IrDA), abubuwan da aka keɓance musamman don lokutan tashi/faɗuwa masu sauri za su fi dacewa.