Bayanin Fasaha na LED LTE-306 Mai Fitadar Infrared - Tsarin Kallo Daga Gefe - Tsawon Zango Mafi Girma 940nm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 1.6V - Kallon Kwanar 30 digiri - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTE-306 ƙaramin na'ura ne mai fitadar infrared (IR) wanda aka tsara don amfani a cikin tsarin gani da gano na'urorin lantarki. Babban aikinsa shine fitar da hasken infrared a tsayin zango mafi girma na 940 nanometers (nm). An ƙera wannan na'urar don ta yi daidai da na'urorin gani na LTR-306, don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki a cikin nau'ikan mai karɓa da mai fitarwa don aikace-aikace kamar gano abu, gano wuri, da watsa bayanai. Babban fa'idar wannan sashi shine ƙirarsa mai arha a cikin ƙaramin tsarin filastik, tare da samun zaɓaɓɓun rukunoni don ingantaccen fitar da ƙarfin haske.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Iyakar aikin na'urar an ayyana ta a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin muhalli (T_A) na 25°C. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da ci gaba da gudanar da halin yanzu (I_F) na 50 mA da mafi girman halin yanzu na 1 A don aikin bugun jini (bugun jini 300 a kowace dakika, faɗin bugun jini 10 µs). Matsakaicin ƙarfin watsawa shine 75 mW. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar baya shine 5 V, yana nuna cewa bai kamata a sanya LED a cikin bambancin baya wanda ya wuce wannan ƙimar ba. Kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, kewayon ajiya daga -55°C zuwa +100°C. Zafin gyaɗa na jagora an ƙayyade shi a 260°C na tsawon dakika 5 lokacin da aka auna 1.6mm daga jikin fakitin.

2.2 Halaye na Lantarki & Na Gani

Duk halayen ana auna su a T_A=25°C. Manyan ma'auni na gani sune Aperture Radiant Incidence (E_e) da Radiant Intensity (I_E), duka ana gwada su a halin yanzu na 20 mA. Waɗannan ma'auni an haɗa su cikin rukunoni (A zuwa H), suna ba da kewayon mafi ƙanƙanta da ƙima/mafi girma don zaɓi bisa ga buƙatun aikace-aikace. Misali, Bin A yana ba da E_edaga 0.088 zuwa 0.168 mW/cm² da I_Edaga 0.662 zuwa 1.263 mW/sr, yayin da Bin H ke ba da fitarwa mafi girma. Matsakaicin tsayin zango na fitarwa (λ_Peak) yawanci 940 nm ne tare da rabin faɗin zango (Δλ) na 50 nm. Ƙarfin wutar gaba (V_F) shine 1.6V na yau da kullun a 20 mA. Halin yanzu na baya (I_R) shine 100 µA mafi girma a ƙarfin wutar baya na 5V. Kwanar kallo (2θ_1/2) shine digiri 30.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rukunoni

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rukunoni na ƙarfin haske. Ana gwada na'urori kuma a raba su cikin rukuni (Bins A zuwa H) bisa ga aunannun Radiant Intensity (I_E) da Aperture Radiant Incidence (E_e) a daidaitaccen halin yanzu na 20 mA. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassan da ke da tabbataccen mafi ƙanƙanta na fitar da haske, suna tabbatar da daidaito a cikin aikin tsarin, musamman mahimmanci a aikace-aikacen da bakin gano ko ƙarfin siginar ke da mahimmanci. Rukunoni suna ba da ma'auni na fitar da wutar lantarki.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Bayanin fasaha yana nuni da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa na yau da kullun. Hoto na 1 yana nuna Rarraba Zango, yana kwatanta fitar da haske a kusa da 940 nm. Hoto na 2 yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Yanayin Muhalli, mahimmanci don fahimtar rage ƙima. Hoto na 3 shine Lanƙwasa Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (I-V), yana nuna halayen kunna diode. Hoto na 4 yana nuna yadda Dangantakar Radiant Intensity ta bambanta da Yanayin Muhalli, yana nuna raguwar fitarwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Hoto na 5 yana nuna Dangantakar Radiant Intensity akan Halin Yanzu na Gaba, yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi tsakanin halin yanzu na tuƙi da fitar da haske. Hoto na 6 shine Zanen Radiation, zanen polar da ke nuna kwanar kallo na digiri 30 da rarraba sararin samaniya na hasken infrared da aka fitar.

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Fakitin

Na'urar tana amfani da ƙaramin fakitin filastik mai kallo daga gefe. An ba da girmansu a cikin zane (wanda aka ambata amma ba a cikakken bayani a cikin rubutun ba). Manyan bayanan sun ƙayyade cewa duk girmansu suna cikin millimeters, tare da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Ana auna tazarar jagora a wurin da jagororin suka fita daga fakitin. Ma'anar kallo daga gefe yana nufin babban hanyar fitarwa yana daidai da axis na jagororin, wanda shine babban bambanci daga LED masu fitarwa sama.

6. Jagororin Gyaɗa & Haɗawa

Babban jagora da aka bayar shine don gyaɗa na jagora: zafin jiki a wuri 1.6mm (0.063 inci) daga jikin fakitin bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba na tsawon dakika 5. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don hana lalata die semiconductor na ciki da fakitin filastik. Don haɗawa na zamani, wannan yana nuna kulawa mai kyau na ma'auni na gyaɗa na igiyar ruwa ko amfani da dabarun gyaɗa na zaɓi. Ya kamata a yi gyaɗa na hannu da sauri tare da ƙarfe mai sarrafa zafin jiki.

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

LTE-306 ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da hasken da ba a iya gani ba don gani. Amfanin gama gari ya haɗa da gano abu da ƙidaya (misali, a cikin injinan sayar da kayayyaki, firintoci), gano wuri (misali, gano gefen takarda), na'urori masu auna rami, da maɓallan kusanci. Daidaitawar zango zuwa na'urar gani na LTR-306 ya sa ya zama cikakke don gina ƙananan na'urori masu katsewar gani ko na'urori masu gano abu mai nunawa.

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa: Na farko, koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa halin yanzu a jere tare da LED lokacin tuƙi daga tushen wutar lantarki don hana wuce mafi girman halin yanzu na ci gaba (50 mA). Na biyu, zaɓi madaidaicin rukunin ƙarfi (A-H) bisa ga nisan gano da ake buƙata da kuma hankalin mai gano da aka haɗa. Na uku, yi la'akari da kwanar kallo na digiri 30 lokacin daidaita mai fitarwa da mai gano a cikin tsarin; rashin daidaito zai rage ƙarfin siginar. Na huɗu, yi la'akari da tasirin yanayin muhalli akan fitarwa mai haske (kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 4), musamman a cikin mawuyacin yanayi. Na biyar, tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin wutar baya a kan LED bai taɓa wuce 5V ba, mai yuwuwa yana buƙatar kewayon kariya a wasu tsarin da'ira.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha

Manyan fa'idodin bambance-bambancen wannan sashi sune fakitinsa mai kallo daga gefe da ƙarfin da aka riga aka rarraba. Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED na IR masu fitarwa sama, siffar siffar kallo daga gefe yana ba da damar ƙirar PCB mai sassauƙa kuma yana iya ba da damar ƙirar samfura masu siriri. Samun rukunoni masu ƙarfi da yawa yana ba da matakin ƙimar aiki wanda ba koyaushe ake samuwa a cikin ƙananan masu fitar da IR ba, yana ba masu ƙira damar daidaita aikin tsarin kuma mai yiwuwa rage farashi ta hanyar rashin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Bayyanannen daidaitawar injiniya da zango zuwa takamaiman jerin na'urar gani yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar ingantattun nau'ikan gani.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa ga Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar tsarin rukunoni?

A: Rukunonin (A-H) yana ba da garantin mafi ƙanƙanta matakin ƙarfin haske. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa. Kuna iya zaɓar ƙananan rukunin don aikace-aikacen da ba su da ƙarfi/ƙaramin zango ko babban rukunin don nisa mai nisa ko ƙarin ingantaccen ganowa.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED da wadatar 3.3V?

A: Ee, amma dole ne ku yi amfani da resistor na jere. Tare da V na yau da kullun_Fna 1.6V a 20mA, ƙimar resistor zata zama (3.3V - 1.6V) / 0.02A = 85 Ohms. Koyaushe lissafta resistor bisa ga halin yanzu da kuke so da ainihin ƙarfin wutar lantarki.

Q: Me yasa kwanar kallo ke da mahimmanci?

A: Kwanar kallo na digiri 30 yana ayyana mazugi wanda yawancin hasken ke fitowa a cikinsa. A cikin tsarin na'urar gani da aka haɗa, duka mai fitarwa da mai gano suna da kwanar kallo. Haɗuwarsu yana ayyana yankin gano mai tasiri. Ƙunƙuntaccen kwanar zai iya ba da damar ƙarin ingantaccen ganowa.

Q: Ta yaya zafin jiki ke shafar aiki?

A: Yayin da yanayin zafin muhalli ya karu, ƙarfin haske yawanci yana raguwa (duba Hoto na 4). Ƙarfin wutar gaba kuma yana raguwa kaɗan don wani halin yanzu. A cikin aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci, daidaitawar zafin jiki a cikin da'irar tuƙi ko karɓa na iya zama dole.

10. Yanayin Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Ƙirar Na'urar Gano Kasancewar Takarda a cikin Firinta.An haɗa mai fitar da IR LTE-306 tare da na'urar gani na LTR-306 a kan hanyar takarda don samar da na'urar gani mai watsawa. Lokacin da takarda ba ta nan, haske daga mai fitarwa ya isa ga mai gano. Lokacin da takarda ta kasance, tana toshe hasken. Fakitin kallo daga gefe yana ba da damar duka sassan su kasance a kwance akan babban PCB, tare da daidaita axis ɗin gani a kan rata. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi masu fitarwa na Bin D don tabbatar da isasshen ƙarfin siginar ya isa ga mai gano bayan yuwuwar gurɓata (kurar) a tsawon rayuwar samfurin. Microcontroller yana lura da fitarwar na'urar gani don tantance kasancewar takarda.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

LED mai fitadar infrared diode ne na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka bambanta gaba (ingantaccen wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi ga anode dangane da cathode), electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na kayan semiconductor (yawanci bisa ga gallium arsenide). Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (ɓangarorin haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki da tsarin semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsayin zango na hasken da aka fitar. Ga LTE-306, wannan yana haifar da photons da farko a cikin bakan infrared kusa da 940 nm, wanda idon ɗan adam ba ya gani amma ana iya gano shi ta na'urorin gani na silicon.

12. Trends na Fasaha

Yanayin irin waɗannan sassan gani na keɓancewa yana zuwa ga ƙarin ƙarami, mafi inganci (ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki), da ƙara haɗawa. Yayin da nau'ikan mai fitarwa-mai gano keɓaɓɓe suka kasance na kowa, akwai motsi zuwa ga ƙirar haɗe-haɗe waɗanda suka haɗa da LED, na'urar gani, kuma wani lokacin da'irar daidaita siginar a cikin fakitin guda. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa ƙira kuma yana inganta amincin. Bugu da ƙari, akwai ci gaba don samun mafi daidaitaccen fitar da tsayin zango mai tsayi da ƙarin kulawa da kwanar kallo don aikace-aikacen gani na musamman. Bukatar ƙananan sassan wutar lantarki don na'urorin IoT masu aiki da baturi kuma suna haifar da ingantattun inganci.