Bayanin Fasaha na IR LED 0402 SMD - Girman 1.0x0.5x0.5mm - Ƙarfin Gaba 1.5V - Tsawon Zango Mai Kololuwa 940nm - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanai game da ƙaramin diode mai fitar da hasken infrared wanda ake hawa a saman allon. Na'urar tana cikin ƙaramin fakitin 0402, an yi ta da epoxy mai tsabta, kuma tana daidaitaccen haske tare da photodiodes na silicon da phototransistors, wanda ya sa ta zama mai dacewa da aikace-aikacen ganowa.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

• Amincewa Mai Girma:An ƙera shi don yin aiki akai-akai a cikin aikace-aikace masu wahala.
• Girman Ƙarami:Fakitin 0402 mai ƙarshen biyu yana ba da damar hawa PCB mai yawan girma.
• Daidaitawar Tsari:Ya dace da duka tsarin sayar da infrared da na tururi.
• Bin Ka'idojin Muhalli:Samfurin ba shi da gubar, ya bi ka'idojin RoHS, ya bi ka'idojin EU REACH, kuma ya cika ka'idojin maras halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm).

1.2 Aikace-aikacen Manufa

• Masu ganowa infrared da aka hawa a PCB
• Na'urorin sarrafa nesa na infrared waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarfin fitarwa mai ƙarfi
• Na'urorin binciken gani
• Daban-daban tsarin aikace-aikacen infrared

2. Zurfin Binciken Siffofin Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna bayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

Siffa	Alama	Matsakaici	Naúrar	Bayanan kula
Ci gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba	IF	50	mA
Ƙarfin Baya	VR	5	V
Zafin Aiki	Topr	-40 zuwa +100	°C
Zafin Ajiya	Tstg	-40 zuwa +100	°C
Zafin Solder	Tsol	260	°C	Duk da yake fakitin 0402 yana da ƙarancin girma na zafi, ya kamata a mai da hankali ga rushewar wutar lantarki, musamman a aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarfin gaba mai yawa ko babban zafin yanayi. Tabbatar cewa PCB yana ba da isasshen yanki na jan ƙarfe a kusa da filayen solder don yin aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi kuma a bi jagororin rage ƙarfin gaba tare da zafin jiki.
Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Ta=25°C)	Pd	100	mW

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani (Ta=25°C)

Waɗannan su ne matsakaicin ƙididdiga na aikin da aka auna a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun sharuɗɗan gwaji (IF=20mA sai dai idan an lura).

Siffa	Alama	Min.	Typ.	Max.	Naúrar	Sharadi
Ƙarfin Haske	Ie	0.5	2.35	--	mW/sr	IF=20mA
Tsawon Zango Mai Kololuwa	λp	--	940	--	nm	IF=20mA
Faɗin Bakan Haske (FWHM)	Δλ	--	45	--	nm	IF=20mA
Ƙarfin Gaba	VF	--	1.5	1.9	V	IF=20mA
Ƙarfin Baya	IR	--	--	10	μA	VR=5V
Kusurwar Kallo (Rabin Kusurwa)	2θ1/2	--	120	--	digiri	IF=20mA

3. Binciken Lanƙwan Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana ba da lanƙwai masu mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin ƙira.

3.1 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwan IV)

Lanƙwan yana nuna alaƙar ƙarfin gaba (IF) da ƙarfin gaba (VF). A wurin aiki na yau da kullun na 20mA, ƙarfin gaba yana kusan 1.5V. Masu ƙira dole ne su yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfin gaba don hana wuce matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba, domin ko ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin zai iya haifar da babban ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin, wanda zai iya lalata.

3.2 Ƙarfin Gaba da Zafin Yanayi

Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna yadda matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba da aka yarda da shi yana raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Na'urar na iya ɗaukar cikakken ƙarfin da aka ƙidaya har zuwa kusan 25°C. Bayan wannan, dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin a layi daya zuwa sifili a matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (wanda aka nuna ta iyakar aiki na 100°C). Wannan yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci a cikin yanayi mai zafi.

3.3 Rarraba Bakan Haske

Jadawalin fitarwa na bakan yana tabbatar da tsayin zango mai kololuwa a 940nm tare da matsakaicin faɗin bakan (Cikakken Faɗi a Rabin Matsakaici) na 45nm. Wannan tsayin zango yana kusa da mafi kyau ga masu ganowa na silicon, waɗanda ke da babban hankali a wannan yanki, yana haɓaka ma'aunin sigina zuwa amo a aikace-aikacen ganowa.

3.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske da Ƙarfin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske tana kusan layi daya tare da ƙarfin gaba a cikin kewayon aiki na yau da kullun (har zuwa kusan 40-50mA). Wannan alaƙar da aka tsara tana sauƙaƙa ƙirar tsarin gani.

3.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske da Matsakaicin Kusurwa

Zanen polar yana nuna tsarin fitarwa, wanda ke da alaƙa da faɗin kusurwar rabin digiri 120. Wannan yana ba da faɗin hasken infrared, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar rufewar yanki mai faɗi ko ganowa na kusa inda daidaitawa ba ta da mahimmanci.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

4.1 Girman Fakitin (0402)

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen ƙafar 0402 (Imperial) / 1005 (Metric). Manyan girmansu sun haɗa da tsawon jiki kusan 1.0mm, faɗi 0.5mm, da tsayi 0.5mm. An ba da girmansu na tashoshi da tazara don ƙirar ƙasar PCB. Duk ƙimar girmansu yawanci ±0.1mm ne sai dai idan an faɗi.

4.2 Gano Polarity

Fakitin yana da ƙarshen biyu. Yawanci ana nuna polarity ta hanyar alama a gefen cathode (-) ko ta hanyar tsarin guntu na ciki wanda ake iya gani ta cikin ruwan tabarau mai tsabta. Dole ne a duba zanen takardar bayanai don ainihin tsarin alama.

5. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

5.1 Ajiya da Hankalin Danshi

Na'urar tana da hankali ga danshi. Dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya don hana popcorning ko rabuwa yayin sake kunnawa:

• Ajiye a cikin ainihin jakar kariya daga danshi a ≤30°C / ≤90% RH.
• Yi amfani da shi cikin shekara guda bayan jigilar kaya.
• Bayan buɗe jakar, ajiye a ≤30°C / ≤60% RH kuma a yi amfani da shi cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7).
• Idan lokacin ajiya ya wuce ko kuma desiccant ya nuna danshi, a gasa a 60±5°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 24 kafin amfani.

5.2 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ba da shawarar yanayin zafin reflow maras gubar. Manyan siffofi sun haɗa da:

• Yankin dumama da jika.
Matsakaicin ƙimar hawan zafin jiki.
• Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba.
• Lokacin da ya wuce liquidus (misali, 217°C).
• Ƙimar sanyaya.

Bai kamata a yi solder reflow fiye da sau biyu ba.

5.3 Solder da Hannu da Gyara

Idan solder da hannu ya zama dole:

• Yi amfani da ƙarfe mai solder tare da zafin ƙarshen <350°C.
• Iyakance ƙarfin ƙarfe zuwa 25W ko ƙasa.
• Lokacin tuntuɓar kowane tashoshi ya kamata ya zama ≤3 daƙiƙa.
• A ba da mafi ƙarancin tazarar daƙiƙa 2 tsakanin solder kowane tashoshi.

An ƙi gyara sosai. Idan ba za a iya kaucewa ba, dole ne a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai solder mai kai biyu don dumama tashoshi biyu lokaci guda kuma a guji matsin lamba na injiniya akan fakitin. Dole ne a tabbatar da tasirin gyara akan halayen na'urar a baya.

6. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

6.1 Siffofin Tepe da Reel

Ana ba da na'urar akan tepe mai ɗaukar kaya wanda aka nannade akan reels. Reel na yau da kullun yana ɗauke da guda 3000. An ba da cikakkun bayanai game da girmansu na tepe mai ɗaukar kaya (girman aljihu, tazara, faɗin tepe) da siffofin reel don saitin na'urar zaɓi da sanyawa ta atomatik.

6.2 Tsarin Tattarawa

Ana tattara reels a cikin jakunkunan shinge na aluminum masu rufewa tare da desiccant da katin nuna danshi don kiyaye yanayin ajiyar bushewa.

6.3 Bayanin Alamar

Alamar fakitin ta haɗa da mahimman bayanai don bin sawu da tabbatarwa:

• CPN (Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki)
• P/N (Lambar Sashen Masana'anta: IR16-213C/L510/TR8)
• QTY (Yawa)
• CAT (Lambar Rarraba/Matsayi)
• HUE (Tsawon Zango Mai Kololuwa)
• LOT No. (Lambar Rukunin Masana'anta)
• Ƙasar Asali

7. Abubuwan Ƙira na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Ƙirar Da'irar Tuƙi

Mafi mahimmancin al'amarin ƙira shine iyakancewar ƙarfin gaba. LED na'urar ce da ake tuƙa ta hanyar ƙarfin gaba. Dole ne a ƙididdige resistor na jeri (R_s) bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V_cc), ƙarfin gaba da ake so (I_F), da ƙarfin gaba na LED (V_F): R_s= (V_cc- V_F) / I_F. Don wutar lantarki 5V da manufar ƙarfin gaba 20mA: R_s≈ (5V - 1.5V) / 0.02A = 175Ω. Resistor na yau da kullun 180Ω zai dace. Koyaushe a tabbatar da ainihin ƙarfin gaba a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayin V_F(m) don tabbatar da cewa bai wuce matsakaicin ƙididdiga ba.

7.2 Gudanar da Zafi

While the 0402 package has limited thermal mass, attention should be paid to power dissipation, especially in high-current or high-ambient-temperature applications. Ensure the PCB provides adequate copper area around the solder pads to act as a heat sink and follow the current derating guidelines with temperature.

7.3 Ƙirar Gani

Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 ya sa wannan LED ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi. Don tsayin dogon zango ko ƙarin hasken da aka jagoranci, ƙila a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau). Ruwan tabarau mai tsabta yana tabbatar da ƙarancin sha na hasken infrared da aka fitar.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LED na infrared, wannan na'urar 0402 tana ba da ma'auni mai mahimmanci:

• da Manyan Fakitoci (misali, 5mm):Ƙaramin ƙafar ƙafa da ƙaramin bayani sosai, yana ba da damar ƙanƙanta. Yawanci yana da ƙarancin ƙarfin fitarwa na gabaɗaya amma ya fi dacewa da tsari ko sanyawa mai yawa.
• da Sauran LED na SMD IR (misali, 0603):Fakitin 0402 yana ba da damar mafi girman yawan abubuwan da ake hawa akan PCB, wata fa'ida mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙuntataccen sararin zamani na lantarki kamar sarrafa nesa mai ƙanƙanta ko masu ganowa.
• da Na'urorin da ba su bi ka'ida ba:Cikakken bin ka'idojin RoHS, REACH, da maras halogen wata tilas ce ga yawancin samfuran kasuwanci da masana'antu a yau, yana sauƙaƙe sarkar wadata da takaddun shaida na ƙarshe.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

9.1 Menene manufar tsayin zango na 940nm?

940nm yana cikin kusancin bakan infrared. Ba a iya ganinsa ga idon ɗan adam amma yana daidaitawa da babban hankali na photodiodes na silicon da phototransistors masu arha. Haka kuma yana fuskantar ƙarancin tsangwama daga hasken gani na yanayi idan aka kwatanta da LED ja da ake iya gani, yana inganta ingancin sigina a aikace-aikacen ganowa.

9.2 Me ya sa resistor mai iyakancewar ƙarfin gaba ya zama dole?

Halayen I-V na LED tana da ƙarfi. Bayan ƙarfin gwiwa, ƙaramin ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin yana haifar da babban ƙaruwa a cikin ƙarfin gaba. Ba tare da resistor na jeri don sarrafa ƙarfin gaba ba, haɗa LED kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin (ko da ƙaramin baturi) kusan tabbas zai tuƙa shi fiye da matsakaicin ƙididdiginsa, yana haifar da zafi nan take da gazawa.

9.3 Zan iya amfani da wannan don watsa bayanai (kamar sarrafa nesa na IR)?

Ee, wannan shine aikace-aikacen farko. Saurin saurin sauyawa (wanda aka nuna ta kayan GaAlAs) da dacewa da bugun jini mai yawa sun sa ya dace da watsa bayanai da aka daidaita a cikin sarrafa nesa, tsarin haɗin gwiwar bayanai na IR (IrDA), da keɓancewar gani.

9.4 Ta yaya zan fassara ƙayyadaddun "Ƙarfin Haske"?

Ƙarfin Haske (I_e) na 2.35 mW/sr (na yau da kullun) yana nufin LED yana fitar da milliwatts 2.35 na ƙarfin gani a kowace steradian (naúrar kusurwa mai ƙarfi) tare da tsakiyar axis. Wannan ma'auni ne na yadda tushen IR ya ke "haske" a babban alkiblarsa. Ana iya ƙididdige jimillar ƙarfin haske (ƙarfi a cikin mW) ta hanyar ninka ƙarfin da kusurwar ƙarfi na hasken.

10. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani

10.1 Mai Ganowa na Kusa Saurin

Aikace-aikacen gama gari shine mai ganowa na kusa wanda ya dogara da haske. Ana sanya IR LED kusa da phototransistor akan PCB. Microcontroller yana tuƙa LED tare da bugun jini (misali, bugun jini na 20mA). Phototransistor yana gano hasken infrared da ke nunawa akan wani abu. Ƙarfin siginar da aka gano yana da alaƙa da nisan abu da haske. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na wannan LED yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan ɗaukar hoto don gano abubuwan da ƙila ba su daidaita da kyau ba.

11. Ka'idar Aiki

Diode mai fitar da hasken Infrared (IR LED) diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka nuna bambanci, electrons daga yankin n suna haɗuwa da ramuka daga yankin p a cikin yankin aiki (GaAlAs chip). Wannan tsarin haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsayin zango na photons da aka fitar (940nm a wannan yanayin) an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. Fakitin epoxy mai tsabta yana kewaye da kare guntun yayin da yake ba da damar hasken infrared ya wuce tare da ƙarancin asara.

12. Trends na Masana'antu

Trend a cikin optoelectronics, kamar yadda yake a cikin dukkan na'urorin lantarki, yana zuwa ga ƙanƙanta, haɗin kai mafi girma, da ingantaccen inganci. Fakitin 0402 yana wakiltar ci gaba da turawa don ƙananan abubuwan da ba su da aiki da masu aiki. Ci gaba na gaba na iya haɗawa da:

• Ƙara Yawan Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki:Inganta ingancin haske (ƙarfin fitarwa na haske a kowace shigarwar lantarki) na ƙananan guntu.
• Magungunan Haɗin kai:Haɗa mai fitar da IR, direba, da mai ganowa zuwa cikin na'ura ɗaya ko fakitin don sauƙaƙa ƙira da inganta aiki.
• Sabbin Tsayin Zango:Haɓaka masu fitarwa a wasu tsayin zango na IR (misali, 850nm, 1050nm) don takamaiman aikace-aikace kamar tsarin aminci na ido ko daban-daban ingantattun masu ganowa.
• Fakitin Ci gaba:Amfani da kayan da ke da ingantaccen watsa zafi don sarrafa zafi a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙananan na'urori.