Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 2. Siffofi da Fa'idodi Masu Muhimmanci
- 3. Iyakar Ƙimar Maksimum
- 4. Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
- 4.1 Siffofi na Haske da Na Ra'ayi
- 4.2 Siffofi na Lantarki
- 4.3 Kusurwar Dubawa
- 5. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki
- 5.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi
- 5.2 Rarraba Ra'ayi
- 5.3 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Gaba
- 5.4 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba
- 5.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske vs. Matsakaicin Kusurwa
- 6. Bayanan Injiniya da Garken
- 6.1 Girman Garken
- 6.2 Gano Polarity
- 7. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa
- 8. Bayanan Tattarawa da Oda
- 9. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace
- 9.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada
- 9.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane
- 10. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)
- 12. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki
- 13. Ka'idar Aiki
- 14. Trends na Fasaha
1. Bayanin Samfur IR3494-30C/H80/L419 diode ne mai fitar da infrared mai ƙarfi wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da hasken infrared mai inganci da amintacce. An ƙera shi a cikin garken filastik mai tsabta, wannan na'urar an ƙera ta don ba da aiki mai daidaito a cikin ƙaramin siffar T-1 3/4 (4mm). Babban aikinsa shine fitar da radiation infrared a tsayin ra'ayi na 940nm, wanda ya sa ya dace da phototransistors, photodiodes, da kayan karɓar infrared na gama-gari. Na'urar tana da tazarar gubar 2.54mm don sauƙin haɗawa cikin tsarin PCB na al'ada.
2. Siffofi da Fa'idodi Masu Muhimmanci Babban fa'idodin wannan ɓangaren ya samo asali ne daga zanensa da zaɓin kayan. Yana ba da babban aminci, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikace na dogon lokaci. Babban ƙarfin haske yana tabbatar da ƙarfin watsa siginar, yana inganta kewayon aiki da rabo siginar-zuwa-amo a cikin tsarin hankali. Halin ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar gaba yana ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen amfani da makamashin tsarin. Bugu da ƙari, ɓangaren ya bi ka'idojin muhalli, ba shi da gubar (Pb-free) kuma an tsara shi don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin ka'idojin RoHS.
3. Iyakar Ƙimar Maksimum Yin amfani da na'urar fiye da waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. An ƙayyade ƙimar a yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba (I
):
100 mA
- Ƙarfin Gaba na Kololuwa (IF):1.0 A (Faɗin bugun jini ≤100μs, Tsarin Aiki ≤1%)
- Ƙarfin Wutar Baya (VFP):5 V
- Zafin Aiki (TRopr):
- -40°C zuwa +85°CZafin Ajiya (Tstg):
- -40°C zuwa +100°CZafin Solder (Tsol):
- 260°C (na ≤5 seconds)Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P):180 mW (a ko ƙasa da 25°C zafin iska kyauta)
- 4. Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani Waɗannan ma'auni suna bayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na al'ada (Ta=25°C). Ƙimar al'ada tana wakiltar mafi yawan aiki, yayin da ƙimar mafi ƙanƙanta da mafi girma ke bayyana kewayon da aka yarda.d4.1 Siffofi na Haske da Na Ra'ayi Ƙarfin Haske (I):
2.5 mW/sr (Min), 3.5 mW/sr (Typ), 5.5 mW/sr (Max) a I
=20mA. A ƙarƙashin aikin bugun jini (I
=250mA, f=60Hz, 50% tsarin aiki), matsakaicin ƙarfin haske shine 40 mW/sr.
- Tsawon Ra'ayi na Kololuwa (λe):940 nm (Al'ada) a IF=20mA.FFaɗin Ra'ayi (Δλ):
- 50 nm (Al'ada) a Ip=20mA, yana bayyana faɗin ra'ayi a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi.4.2 Siffofi na Lantarki Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF):
- A I=20mA: 1.10V (Min), 1.20V (Typ), 1.50V (Max)FA I
=100mA: 1.20V (Min), 1.30V (Typ), 1.70V (Max)
- Ƙarfin Baya (IF):
- 10 μA (Maksimum) a VF=5V.
- 4.3 Kusurwar Dubawa Rarraba sararin samaniya na fitaccen haske ba daidai ba ne. Kusurwar dubawa, wacce aka bayyana azaman cikakken kusurwa a rabin matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (2θF1/2
- ), shine:RMatsayi X:95 digiri (Al'ada)RMatsayi Y:
45 digiri (Al'ada) Wannan yana nuna tsarin radiation mara daidaituwa, wanda shine muhimmin abu a cikin ƙirar tsarin gani don daidaita mai fitarwa tare da mai karɓa.
5. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki Datasheet yana ba da lanƙwan halaye da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don aikin ƙira mai zurfi.5.1 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi Wannan lanƙwan yana nuna raguwar matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba da aka yarda yayin da zafin yanayi ke ƙaruwa. Don hana zafi da kuma tabbatar da aminci, dole ne a rage ƙarfin gaba lokacin aiki sama da 25°C.5.2 Rarraba Ra'ayi Jadawalin yana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin haske dangane da tsawon ra'ayi, a tsakiya a kusa da kololuwar 940nm. Yana tabbatar da faɗin ra'ayi na al'ada na 50nm, yana nuna cewa yawancin ƙarfin gani yana taruwa tsakanin kusan 915nm da 965nm. Wannan ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin ra'ayi yana da amfani ga tace amo na hasken yanayi.
- 5.3 Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Gaba Wannan dangantaka ce mai mahimmanci wacce ke nuna cewa ƙarfin haske yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin gaba, amma ba lallai ba ne a cikin tsari mai daidaito, musamman a manyan ƙarfin lantarki saboda tasirin zafi da inganci. Lanƙwan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar ƙarfin aiki wanda ke ba da ƙarfin fitarwa na gani da ake buƙata.5.4 Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba Wannan lanƙwan halayen IV shine tushe don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi. Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, yana taimakawa wajen tantance ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ake buƙata don direban ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai ko don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor na jeri don ƙirar tuƙi na wutar lantarki.
- 5.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Haske vs. Matsakaicin Kusurwa Lanƙwan daban-daban na matsayi X da Y suna kwatanta kusurwar dubawa mara daidaituwa. Ƙarfin yana raguwa zuwa rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa a ±47.5 digiri a cikin jirgin sama X da ±22.5 digiri a cikin jirgin sama Y. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan tsarin lokacin daidaita LED tare da firikwensin don tabbatar da mafi kyawun ƙarfin siginar.6. Bayanan Injiniya da Garken 6.1 Girman Garken Na'urar tana amfani da garken zagaye na al'ada T-1 3/4 (diamita 4mm). Zanen fasaha yana ba da duk mahimman girma ciki har da diamita jiki, siffar ruwan tabarau, diamita gubar, da tazarar gubar. Muhimman bayanan suna ƙayyade cewa duk girma suna cikin millimeters kuma matsakaicin ƙimar al'ada shine ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka. Ainihin zanen injiniya yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar ƙafafun PCB daidai da kuma tabbatar da daidaitaccen wuri a cikin taru.
6.2 Gano Polarity LEDs infrared sune ɓangarorin polarized. Zanen datasheet yana nuna cathode, yawanci ana gano shi da wuri mai lebur a gefen garken ko guntu gubar. Dole ne a kiyaye polarity daidai yayin haɗawa don hana gazawar na'urar.
7. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa Iyakar ƙimar maksimum don zafin solder shine 260°C na tsawon lokacin da bai wuce seconds 5 ba. Wannan shine na al'ada don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake kunnawa. Yana da mahimmanci a bi waɗannan iyakokin don hana lalacewar zafi ga garken filastik da kuma die semiconductor na ciki. Dole ne a bi ayyukan masana'antu na al'ada don sarrafa na'urori masu hankali ga danshi idan ya dace.
8. Bayanan Tattarawa da Oda Ma'aunin tattarawa na al'ada shine kamar haka: guda 500 a kowace jaka, jakuna 5 a kowace akwati, da akwatuna 10 a kowace kati. Alamar da ke kan marufi ta ƙunshi lambobi da yawa don bin diddigin da ƙayyadewa:
CPN:
Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki
P/N:
Lambar Samarwa (lambar ɓangaren masana'anta)
QTY:
Adadin da ke cikin kunshin
CAT:
Matsayi ko kwandon aiki (misali, don ƙarfin haske)
HUE:
Yana nuna kwandon tsayin ra'ayi na kololuwa.
REF:
Lambar tunani.
LOT No:
Lambar lot don bin diddigin masana'anta.
9. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace 9.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada Rukunin Sarrafa Nesa na Infrared: Babban ƙarfin haskensa ya sa ya dace don sarrafa nesa da ke buƙatar kewayon mai tsayi ko ƙarfin shigar da siginar. Tsarin Watsa Iska Kyauta: Ana amfani da shi a cikin hanyoyin haɗin bayanai na ɗan gajeren zango, firikwensin kusanci, da gano abu inda aka daidaita katakon infrared. Masu Gano Hayaki: Ana amfani da su a cikin nau'in masu gano hayaki na ɓarna, inda barbashi na hayaki ke katse katakon hasken infrared tsakanin mai fitarwa da mai karɓa. Tsarin Infrared Gabaɗaya: Duk wani aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tushen amintacce na hasken infrared 940nm.
9.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Zane Da'irar Tuƙi: Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakancewa na jeri ko direban ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai don hana wucewa da matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar gaba. Dole ne a yi amfani da lanƙwan IV don ƙididdige ƙimar resistor da ta dace don ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka bayar. Gudanar da Zafi: Kiyaye iyakokin ɓarna wutar lantarki. Idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, yi la'akari da lanƙwan raguwa kuma tabbatar da isasshen iska ko nutsewar zafi idan LED ɗin an ɗora shi akan allo tare da wasu ɓangarorin da ke haifar da zafi. Daidaitawar Gani: Kusurwar dubawa mara daidaituwa (95° x 45°) tana da mahimmanci. Dole ne a daidaita LED da mai karɓa mai dacewa (phototransistor, da sauransu) bisa ga axis na hankali da aka yi niyya don haɓaka siginar da aka tattara. Kariya daga Ƙarfin Wutar Baya: Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar baya shine 5V kawai. A cikin da'irori inda bias baya zai yiwu (misali, haɗin AC ko kayan aiki na inductive), ana ba da shawarar kariya ta waje kamar diode a layi daya (cathode zuwa anode) sosai.
10. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance Idan aka kwatanta da LED infrared na ƙarancin wutar lantarki na al'ada, jerin IR3494 suna ba da ƙarfin haske mafi girma sosai (3.5 mW/sr al'ada vs. sau da yawa ƙasa da 1 mW/sr don na'urori na asali). Wannan kai tsaye yana fassara zuwa kewayon aiki mai tsayi ko ikon yin amfani da ƙananan ƙarfin tuƙi don kewayon iri ɗaya, yana inganta inganci. Tsawon ra'ayi na 940nm yana da kyau kamar yadda ba a iya gani ga idon ɗan adam fiye da LED 940nm (waɗanda ke da haske mai ja) yayin da har yanzu ana iya gano su ta hanyar photodetectors na silicon. Tsarin katako mara daidaituwa na iya zama fa'ida a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar katako mai mai da hankali a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya da faɗin ɗaukar hoto a wani.
11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha) Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga fil ɗin microcontroller na 5V? A: A'a. Ƙarfin wutar gaba shine kusan 1.2-1.3V kawai. Haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa 5V ba tare da resistor mai iyakancewa ba zai haifar da babban ƙarfin lantarki, wanda zai lalata LED nan take. Dole ne a koyaushe a yi amfani da resistor na jeri. Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin 'Al'ada' da 'Maksimum' ƙarfin haske? A: Ƙimar al'ada (3.5 mW/sr) shine abin da yawancin na'urori daga rukunin samarwa zasu bayar. Maksimum (5.5 mW/sr) shine babban iyaka na ƙayyadaddun bayanai; wasu na'urori na iya yin aiki mafi kyau, amma ƙira ya kamata ya dogara ne akan mafi ƙanƙanta (2.5 mW/sr) don tabbatar da aikin tsarin a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi. Q: Me yasa kusurwar dubawa ta bambanta a cikin hanyoyin X da Y? A> Wannan sakamakon ne na tsarin guntu na ciki da siffar ruwan tabarau na filastik. Halayen zane ne da aka yi niyya wanda ke siffata tsarin hasken da aka fitar, wanda zai iya zama da amfani don niyya katakon infrared. Q: Ana buƙatar nutsewar zafi? A: Don ci gaba da aiki a matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na 100mA, ɓarna wutar lantarki shine kusan 130mW (1.3V * 0.1A), wanda ke ƙasa da ƙimar 180mW a 25°C. Duk da haka, idan yanayin yanayi yana da zafi ko LED ɗin yana cikin akwati mai rufaffiyar, dole ne a yi amfani da raguwar zafi bisa ga lanƙwan aiki, kuma nutsewar zafi ko rage ƙarfin aiki na iya zama dole.
12. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki Harka: Zane Mai Tsawon Nesa Mai Watsa Sarrafa Nesa na IR Manufa: Don cimma kewayon amintacce na mita 15 a cikin yanayin falo na al'ada. Matakan Zane: Zaɓin Ƙarfin Tuƙi: Duba lanƙwan 'Ƙarfin Haske vs. Ƙarfin Gaba'. Don haɓaka kewayon, yi aiki kusa da babban iyaka. Zaɓin I
- = 80mA yana ba da ƙarfin haske kusan 15 mW/sr (daga lanƙwan), babban haɓaka akan ƙimar 20mA. Zane na Da'ira: Don wadata 3.3V, ƙididdige resistor na jeri. Yin amfani da V na al'adaa 80mA (wanda aka kiyasta daga lanƙwan IV kamar ~1.28V): R = (V
- wadata- V
- ) / I= (3.3V - 1.28V) / 0.08A = 25.25Ω. Yi amfani da resistor na al'ada 24Ω ko 27Ω. Tabbatar da wutar lantarki a cikin resistor: P = I
- R = (0.08)*27 = 0.173W, don haka resistor 1/4W ya isa. Binciken Zafi: Rushewar wutar lantarki na LED: P
- = V* I
- = 1.28V * 0.08A = 102mW. Wannan yana cikin iyakar 180mW a 25°C. Daidaitawar Gani: Sanya LED a kan gefen PCB na nesa. Daidaita LED ta yadda faffadan jirginsa na digiri 95 (X) ya daidaita a kwance don rufe faffadan yanki, yayin da ƙunƙuntaccen jirgin sama na digiri 45 (Y) yake a tsaye don tattara makamashi gaba. Wannan yana haɓaka damar bugun mai karɓa ko da nesa ya ɗan kauce daga axis a kwance.13. Ka'idar Aiki LED Infrared (IR LED) diode ne na semiconductor p-n junction. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba, electrons daga yankin n da ramuka daga yankin p ana allurar su a kan junction. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa a cikin yankin aiki na kayan semiconductor (yawanci bisa ga gallium arsenide, GaAs), ana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na yadudduka na semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsawon ra'ayi na fitaccen haske. Ga wannan na'urar, an ƙera kayan don samar da photons da farko a tsayin ra'ayi na 940 nanometers, wanda ke cikin kusancin infrared spectrum, wanda ba a iya gani ga idon ɗan adam amma ana iya gano shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar photodiodes na silicon da phototransistors.
- 14. Trends na Fasaha Ci gaban LED infrared yana ci gaba da mayar da hankali kan manyan fagage da yawa: ƙara ingancin bangon toshe (ƙarfin gani fitarwa / ƙarfin lantarki shiga) don ba da damar ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki ko mafi girman fitarwa daga na'urorin da ake amfani da baturi; inganta saurin daidaitawa don aikace-aikacen sadarwar bayanai mai sauri kamar IrDA; da haɓaka na'urori tare da ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin ra'ayi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaitawar tsayin ra'ayi daidai, kamar hankalin gas. Akwai kuma wani yanayi zuwa garken na'urar haɗawa da saman (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik, kodayake garken ta hanyar rami kamar T-1 3/4 suna ci gaba da shahara saboda ƙarfin su da sauƙin solder da hannu a cikin samfuri da wasu aikace-aikace masu aminci. Tsawon ra'ayi na 940nm ya kasance ma'auni na masana'antu saboda daidaitaccen daidaito tsakanin hankalin firikwensin silicon da ƙarancin gani.Muhimman Bayanan Kula: Ƙayyadaddun bayanan da aka bayar a cikin wannan takarda suna iya canzawa ba tare da sanarwa ba. Lokacin amfani da wannan samfurin, dole ne a kiyaye iyakar ƙimar maksimum da yanayin aiki da aka zayyana a nan. Masana'anta ba su ɗauki alhakin lalacewa sakamakon amfani da wannan ba tare da ƙayyadaddun yanayi ba. Bayanan da ke cikin wannan datasheet suna kariya ta haƙƙin mallaka kuma bai kamata a sake yin su ba tare da izini ba.
. Application Suggestions
.1 Typical Application Scenarios
- Infrared Remote Control Units:Its high radiant intensity makes it suitable for remote controls requiring longer range or stronger signal penetration.
- Free-Air Transmission Systems:Used in short-range data links, proximity sensors, and object detection where an infrared beam is modulated.
- Smoke Detectors:Employed in obscuration-type smoke detectors, where smoke particles interrupt a beam of infrared light between an emitter and a receiver.
- General Infrared Systems:Any application requiring a dependable source of 940nm infrared light.
.2 Design Considerations
- Drive Circuit:Always use a series current-limiting resistor or a constant current driver to prevent exceeding the maximum forward current, especially given the low forward voltage. The IV curve should be used to calculate the appropriate resistor value for a given supply voltage.
- Thermal Management:Observe power dissipation limits. If operating near maximum current or in high ambient temperatures, consider the derating curve and ensure adequate ventilation or heat sinking if the LED is mounted on a board with other heat-generating components.
- Optical Alignment:The asymmetric viewing angle (95° x 45°) is critical. The LED and the corresponding receiver (phototransistor, etc.) must be aligned according to the intended axis of sensitivity to maximize collected signal.
- Reverse Voltage Protection:The maximum reverse voltage is only 5V. In circuits where reverse bias is possible (e.g., AC coupling or inductive loads), external protection such as a diode in parallel (cathode to anode) is strongly recommended.
. Technical Comparison and Differentiation
Compared to standard low-power infrared LEDs, the IR3494 series offers significantly higher radiant intensity (3.5 mW/sr typical vs. often less than 1 mW/sr for basic devices). This directly translates to longer operational range or the ability to use lower drive currents for the same range, improving efficiency. The 940nm wavelength is ideal as it is less visible to the human eye than 850nm LEDs (which have a faint red glow) while still being highly detectable by silicon-based photodetectors. The asymmetric beam pattern can be an advantage in applications requiring a focused beam in one plane and wider coverage in another.
. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)
Q: Can I drive this LED directly from a 5V microcontroller pin?
A: No. The forward voltage is only about 1.2-1.3V. Connecting it directly to 5V without a current-limiting resistor would cause a very high current to flow, destroying the LED instantly. A series resistor must always be used.
Q: What is the difference between the 'Typical' and 'Maximum' radiant intensity?
A: The typical value (3.5 mW/sr) is what most devices from a production batch will deliver. The maximum (5.5 mW/sr) is the upper limit of the specification; some devices may perform better, but designs should be based on the minimum (2.5 mW/sr) to ensure system functionality under all conditions.
Q: Why is the viewing angle different in X and Y directions?
A> This is a result of the internal chip structure and the shape of the plastic lens. It is an intentional design characteristic that shapes the emitted light pattern, which can be useful for targeting the infrared beam.
Q: Is a heat sink required?
A: For continuous operation at the maximum rated current of 100mA, the power dissipation is approximately 130mW (1.3V * 0.1A), which is below the 180mW rating at 25°C. However, if the ambient temperature is high or the LED is in a sealed enclosure, thermal derating per the performance curves must be applied, and a heat sink or reduced operating current may be necessary.
. Practical Design and Usage Case
Case: Designing a Long-Range IR Remote Control Transmitter
Objective: To achieve a reliable range of 15 meters in a typical living room environment.
Design Steps:
1. Drive Current Selection:Consult the 'Radiant Intensity vs. Forward Current' curve. To maximize range, operate near the upper limit. Selecting IF= 80mA provides a radiant intensity of approximately 15 mW/sr (from the curve), a significant increase over the 20mA value.
2. Circuit Design:For a 3.3V supply, calculate the series resistor. Using the typical VFat 80mA (estimated from the IV curve as ~1.28V): R = (Vsupply- VF) / IF= (3.3V - 1.28V) / 0.08A = 25.25Ω. Use a standard 24Ω or 27Ω resistor. Verify power in the resistor: P = I2R = (0.08)2*27 = 0.173W, so a 1/4W resistor is sufficient.
3. Thermal Check:LED power dissipation: Pd= VF* IF= 1.28V * 0.08A = 102mW. This is well within the 180mW limit at 25°C.
4. Optical Alignment:Mount the LED on the PCB edge of the remote. Orient the LED so its wider 95-degree plane (X) aligns horizontally to cover a broad area, while the narrower 45-degree plane (Y) is vertical to concentrate energy forward. This optimizes the chance of hitting the receiver even if the remote is slightly off-axis horizontally.
. Operating Principle
An Infrared Light Emitting Diode (IR LED) is a semiconductor p-n junction diode. When a forward voltage is applied, electrons from the n-region and holes from the p-region are injected across the junction. When these charge carriers recombine in the active region of the semiconductor material (typically based on gallium arsenide, GaAs), energy is released in the form of photons. The specific composition of the semiconductor layers determines the wavelength of the emitted light. For this device, the material is engineered to produce photons primarily at a wavelength of 940 nanometers, which is in the near-infrared spectrum, invisible to the human eye but easily detectable by silicon photodiodes and phototransistors.
. Technology Trends
The development of infrared LEDs continues to focus on several key areas: increasing wall-plug efficiency (optical power out / electrical power in) to enable lower power consumption or higher output from battery-operated devices; improving modulation speed for high-speed data communication applications like IrDA; and developing devices with even narrower spectral bandwidths for applications requiring precise wavelength matching, such as gas sensing. There is also a trend towards surface-mount device (SMD) packages for automated assembly, although through-hole packages like the T-1 3/4 remain popular for their robustness and ease of hand-soldering in prototyping and certain high-reliability applications. The 940nm wavelength remains a industry standard due to its optimal balance between silicon detector sensitivity and low visibility.
Important Notes:The specifications provided in this document are subject to change without notice. When using this product, the absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions outlined herein must be strictly observed. The manufacturer assumes no responsibility for damage resulting from use outside these specified conditions. The information contained in this datasheet is protected by copyright and should not be reproduced without authorization.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |