LTR-C155DD-G Photodiode Datasheet - Tsawon Tsinkiyar Tsinkiya 940nm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Mai Juya 5V - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTR-C155DD-G wani ɓangare ne na photodiode infrared da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen gani a cikin kewayon infrared na kusa. Yana cikin babban dangin na'urorin lantarki da aka yi niyya don amfani a cikin tsarin da ke buƙatar ingantaccen gano siginar infrared. Babban aikinsa shine canza hasken infrared da ke faruwa zuwa wutar lantarki, yana ba da damar amfani da shi azaman mai karɓa ko kayan aikin gani.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Wannan ɓangaren yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ga masu ƙira. Yana da babban ma'auni na siginar zuwa amo, wanda ke da mahimmanci don bambance umarnin infrared masu inganci daga hayaniyar hasken muhalli a cikin yanayi kamar ɗakin zama ko ofisoshi. Na'urar ta dace da kayan aikin sanya ta atomatik da hanyoyin siyar da infrared, yana mai da shi dacewa don layukan masana'antu masu girma, masu sarrafa kansa. Babban kasuwarmansa ta haɗa da kayan lantarki na masu amfani don tsarin sarrafa nesa, tsarin tsaro da tsarin ƙararrawa don gano motsi ko katako, da aikace-aikace daban-daban da suka haɗa da watsa bayanan infrared na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

1.2 Siffofi

• Yana bin umarnin RoHS da Samfurin Kore.
• Yana da fakitin kallon sama tare da ruwa mai tsabta mai lebur don amsa kusurwa mai daidaito.
• Ana ba da shi a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels masu diamita 7-inch don haɗawa ta atomatik.
• Yana dacewa da kayan aikin sanya ta atomatik (ɗauka da sanya).
• Yana jurewa hanyoyin siyar da infrared na yau da kullun.
• An tattara shi a cikin tsarin daidaitaccen EIA.

1.3 Aikace-aikace

• Modules masu karɓar infrared don sarrafa nesa (TV, AC, akwatunan saiti).
• Na'urori masu gani na infrared da aka sanya akan PCB don gani kusa ko gano abu.
• Tsarin ƙararrawa na tsaro ta amfani da katakon infrared.
• Hanyoyin watsa bayanan infrared mara waya masu sauƙi.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Fassarar Manufa Mai zurfi

Halayen lantarki da na gani suna ayyana iyakokin aiki da aikin photodiode. Fahimtar waɗannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai kyau da tabbatar da aiki mai inganci a cikin aikace-aikacen da aka yi niyya.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ƙayyade iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin ga na'urar. Ba don ci gaba da aiki ba ne.

• Rashin Wutar Lantarki (Pd):150 mW matsakaici. Wannan shine jimillar wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa azaman zafi, musamman daga karkatar da baya da kowane photocurrent a ƙarƙashin haske mai girma.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Mai Juya (VR):30 V matsakaici. Yin amfani da wutar lantarki mafi girma fiye da wannan a cikin hanyar baya na iya haifar da rushewa da lalata haɗin photodiode.
• Kewayon Zafin Aiki (TA):-40°C zuwa +85°C. An tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta yi aiki a cikin wannan kewayon zafin muhalli.
• Kewayon Zafin Ajiya (Tstg):-55°C zuwa +100°C. Ana iya adana na'urar ba tare da aiki ba a cikin waɗannan iyakoki.
• Yanayin Siyar da Infrared:Yana jure zafin kololuwar 260°C na dakika 10, wanda ya yi daidai da yanayin sake kwarara mara gubar (Pb-free).

2.2 Halayen Lantarki & Gani (TA=25°C)

Waɗannan sune ma'auni na aiki na yau da kullun da aka tabbatar a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Vf):0.4V zuwa 1.0V a If=1mA. Wannan ma'auni yana da alaƙa idan photodiode ya kasance cikin karkatar da gaba ba da gangan ba; ba yanayin aiki na yau da kullun ba ne.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Mai Juya V(BR):30V mafi ƙarƙan a IR=100µA. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa na'urar za ta iya sarrafa matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai juya cikin aminci.
• Halin Duhu Mai Juya (ID):100 nA matsakaici a VR=5V, Ee=0mW/cm². Wannan shine halin ɓarna lokacin da babu haske. Ƙananan halin duhu yana inganta hankali ga raunannun siginoni.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Buɗe Kewayon (VOC):0.4V matsakaici a λ=940nm, Ee=0.5mW/cm². Wannan shine ƙarfin wutar lantarki da photodiode ke samarwa a cikin yanayin hasken wutar lantarki (babu karkatar da waje) a ƙarƙashin haske.
• Lokacin Tashi (Tr) & Lokacin Faɗuwa (Tf):0.30µs da 0.28µs na yau da kullun, bi da bi, a VR=10V, RL=1kΩ. Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana saurin sauyawa, suna mai da na'urar ta dace da ɓoyewar siginonin infrared da aka daidaita (misali, daga sarrafa nesa da ke aiki a 38-40 kHz).
• Halin Haske Mai Juya (Ip):16 µA na yau da kullun (10 µA mafi ƙanƙanta) a VR=5V, λ=940nm, Ee=1mW/cm². Wannan shine photocurrent da aka samar lokacin da diode ya kasance cikin karkatar da baya, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin aiki don amsa layi da sauri.
• Halin Gajeriyar Kewayon (Is):16 µA na yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya kamar Ip. A cikin yanayin hasken wutar lantarki, wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu da na'urar za ta iya isarwa.
• Jimlar Ƙarfin Ƙarfin (CT):14 pF na yau da kullun a VR=3V, f=1MHz. Wannan ƙarfin haɗin yana shafar amsawar mitar girma; ƙananan ƙarfin yana ba da damar babban bandwidth.
• Tsawon Tsinkiyar Tsinkiya (λp):910 nm na yau da kullun. Photodiode yana da mafi girman hankali ga hasken infrared a wannan tsawon tsinkiya, yana mai da shi kyakkyawa don haɗawa da diodes masu fitar da infrared 940nm (IREDs).

3. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Ginshiƙan da aka bayar suna ba da haske na gani game da halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

3.1 Photocurrent vs. Irradiance

Lanƙwasa yana nuna alaƙar tsakanin ƙarfin hasken da ke faruwa (irradiance Ee) da photocurrent da aka samar (Ip). Ga photodiode da ke aiki a cikin yankin layi (mai karkatar da baya), wannan alaƙar yawanci layi ne. Jaduwar yana tabbatar da cewa a 1 mW/cm² na hasken 940nm, photocurrent yana kusan 16 µA, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin tebur. Wannan layin yana da mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen gani na analog.

3.2 Hankali na Spectral

Wannan jadawalin yana zana madaidaicin hankali mai haske dangane da tsawon tsinkiya. Yana nuna kololuwa a kusa da 910nm da amsa mai mahimmanci a cikin kewayon kusan 800nm zuwa 1050nm. Hankali yana raguwa sosai don hasken da ake iya gani (ƙasa da 700nm), wanda ke da fa'ida don ƙin hayaniyar hasken muhalli daga tushe kamar ƙwanƙwasa ko hasken rana. Haɗa tacewa, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin bayanin, zai ƙara ƙarfafa wannan yanke.

3.3 Jimlar Rashin Wutar Lantarki vs. Zafin Muhalli

Wannan lanƙwasa na ragewa yana kwatanta yadda matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yarda yana raguwa yayin da zafin muhalli ya ƙaru. A 25°C, cikakken 150 mW yana halatta. Yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa matsakaicin iyakar aiki na 85°C, ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka yarda yana raguwa a layi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikacen don hana zafi mai yawa.

3.4 Zanen Hankali na Angular

Zanen polar yana nuna madaidaicin hankali a kusurwoyi daban-daban na hasken da ke faruwa. Photodiode tare da ruwan tabarau mai lebur, kamar wannan, yawanci yana da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi (sau da yawa kusan ±60 digiri inda hankali ya faɗi zuwa 50%). Wannan babban kusurwa yana da fa'ida ga masu karɓa waɗanda ke buƙatar ɗaukar siginoni daga wani yanki mai faɗi ba tare da daidaitaccen daidaitawa ba.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Tattarawa

4.1 Girman Bayani

Na'urar ta yi daidai da daidaitaccen fakitin masana'antu. Ma'auni masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da girman jiki, tazarar jagora, da tsayin gaba ɗaya. An tsara fakitin don fasahar sanya sama (SMT). Duk ma'auni suna cikin millimeters tare da daidaitaccen jurewar ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade.

4.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

Ana yiwa alama cathode akan fakitin. Takardun bayanan suna ba da shawarar girman pad ɗin siyar don shimfidar PCB. Ƙirar pad ɗin da aka ba da shawarar yana tabbatar da haɗin siyar da inganci da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin da kuma bayan aikin sake kwarara. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da stencil na ƙarfe mai kauri na 0.1mm zuwa 0.12mm don aikace-aikacen man siyar.

5. Jagororin Siyarwa da Haɗawa

5.1 Bayanin Siyar da Sake Kwarara

Bangaren ya cancanci hanyoyin siyar da sake kwarara mara gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin zafin jiki, yana bin ka'idojin JEDEC. Ma'auni masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da yankin pre-heat (150-200°C), matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin da ya wuce ruwa (TAL) wanda ke tabbatar da samuwar haɗin siyar da kyau ba tare da fallasa bangaren ga matsanancin zafi ba. Na'urar za ta iya jure wa wannan bayanin na matsakaicin dakika 10 a matsakaicin zafin jiki, har sau biyu.

5.2 Siyar da Hannu

Idan siyar da hannu ya zama dole, ya kamata a yi shi tare da zafin ƙarshen guntun guntun siyar bai wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar ya kamata a iyakance ga matsakaicin dakika 3 kowane haɗin. Wannan yana rage haɗarin lalacewar zafi ga die semiconductor ko fakitin filastik.

5.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Don hana sha ruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin sake kwarara, an tilasta ƙayyadaddun yanayin ajiya. A cikin ainihin jakar kariya daga danshi da aka rufe tare da busasshiyar abu, ya kamata a adana na'urar a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH kuma a yi amfani da ita cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, ya kamata a adana abubuwan a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH kuma a sarrafa su cikin mako guda. Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da ainihin fakitin, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin siyarwa.

5.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan siyarwa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi na tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol. Ya kamata a guji tsaftataccen sinadarai masu tsauri ko masu tsauri saboda suna iya lalata kayan fakitin ko ruwan tabarau.

6. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

6.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tef da Reel

Ana ba da bangaren akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya tare da murfin kariya. Faɗin tef ɗin yana da 8mm, an nannade shi akan daidaitaccen diamita 7-inch (178mm). Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da guda 3000. Tattarawar ta yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994, yana tabbatar da dacewa da masu ciyar da atomatik.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

7.1 Tsarin Da'ira na Yau da Kullun

Mafi yawan yanayin aiki na photodiode kamar LTR-C155DD-G shine yanayin photoconductive. Anan, diode yana da karkatar da baya tare da wutar lantarki (misali, 5V, kamar yadda yake cikin yanayin gwaji). Photocurrent da aka samar yana daidai da ƙarfin haske. Ana iya canza wannan halin yanzu zuwa wutar lantarki ta amfani da resistor na kaya (RL). Ƙimar RL tana shafar duka motsin fitarwar wutar lantarki da bandwidth (sauri) na da'ira saboda lokacin RC da aka kafa tare da ƙarfin haɗin photodiode (CT). Don aikace-aikacen sauri kamar ɓoyewar sarrafa nesa na IR 38 kHz, ana amfani da ƙaramin RL (misali, 1kΩ zuwa 10kΩ). Don mafi girman hankali a cikin yanayi na haske kaɗan, ana ba da shawarar babban RL ko da'irar amplifier na transimpedance (TIA).

7.2 La'akari da Ƙirar Gani

Don inganta aiki, tushen infrared (IRED) ya kamata ya sami tsawon tsinkiyar fitarwa wanda ya dace da madaidaicin hankali na photodiode (kusan 940nm). Ana iya sanya tacewa na gani a gaban photodiode don toshe hasken da ake iya gani, yana inganta ma'auni na siginar zuwa amo sosai a cikin yanayi mai ƙarfin hasken muhalli. Babban kusurwar kallon photodiode yana sauƙaƙa daidaitawar gani amma kuma yana iya sa shi fiye da hasken ɓarna; shroud na injiniya zai iya taimakawa wajen ayyana filin kallo.

7.3 La'akari da Tsari

Bi shimfidar pad ɗin siyar da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen siyarwa da ƙarfin injiniya. A cikin da'irori masu hankali na analog, sanya alamun daga anode da cathode na photodiode a matsayin gajere kamar yadda zai yiwu don rage ɗaukar amo da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa. Daidaitaccen ƙasa da garkuwa na iya zama dole a cikin yanayin hayaniyar lantarki.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da phototransistor, photodiode kamar LTR-C155DD-G yana ba da lokacin amsa mai sauri (ƙananan microsecond vs. microseconds), yana mai da shi mafi girma don watsa bayanai mai sauri ko karɓar siginar da aka daidaita. Hakanan yana ba da fitarwa mafi layi dangane da ƙarfin haske. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran photodiodes, siffofinsa na asali sun haɗa da daidaitaccen fakitin don haɗawa ta atomatik, dacewa da sake kwarara mara gubar, da ƙayyadaddun aikin sauri wanda ya dace da ka'idojin IR na masu amfani.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

9.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin Halin Haske Mai Juya (Ip) da Halin Gajeriyar Kewayon (Is)?

Ana auna Halin Haske Mai Juya (Ip) tare da photodiode a ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki mai juya (misali, 5V). Wannan shine daidaitaccen yanayin aiki don amsa layi da sauri. Ana auna Halin Gajeriyar Kewayon (Is) tare da sifili volts a kan diode (yanayin hasken wutar lantarki). Ƙimar yau da kullun iri ɗaya ce, amma yanayin hasken wutar lantarki yana da amsa mai jinkiri da fitarwar halin yanzu mai dogaro da wutar lantarki.

9.2 Ta yaya zan zaɓi ƙimar resistor na kaya (RL)?

Zaɓin ya ƙunshi ciniki tsakanin bandwidth da girman siginar. Don siginar IR 38kHz, lokacin yana kusan 26µs. Lokacin tashi/faɗuwa na photodiode (0.3µs) ya fi wannan sauri, don haka ba shine abin iyakancewa ba. Lokacin RC (RL * CT) ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da faɗin bugun jini da kuke buƙatar gano. Ga resistor 1kΩ da ƙarfin 14pF, lokacin yana 14ns, wanda yana da kyau don sauri. Babban RL yana ba da babban fitarwar wutar lantarki don matakin haske iri ɗaya amma yana rage bandwidth kuma yana iya ƙara amo.

9.3 Me ya sa ake buƙatar gasa idan an adana sassan a waje da jakar?

Fakitin SMT na filastik na iya sha ruwa daga iska. A lokacin babban zafin jiki na sake kwarara siyarwa, wannan ruwan da aka kama zai iya yin tururi cikin sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya lalata fakitin ko fashe die—wani abu da aka sani da "popcorning." Gasasshen yana fitar da wannan ruwan da aka sha, yana hana wannan yanayin gazawa.

10. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Photodiode haɗin PN ne na semiconductor. Lokacin da photons tare da makamashi mafi girma fiye da bandgap na semiconductor suka bugi yankin raguwa na haɗin gwiwa, suna iya tada electrons daga band ɗin valence zuwa band ɗin gudanarwa, suna haifar da nau'ikan electron-ramuwa. Ƙarƙashin tasirin filin lantarki na ciki (wanda ke cikin haɗin gwiwa ko ƙarfafa ta hanyar wutar lantarki mai juya na waje), waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna watse, suna haifar da halin yanzu da za a iya aunawa a cikin da'ira ta waje. Wannan photocurrent yana daidai da ƙarfin hasken da ke faruwa, muddin na'urar tana aiki a cikin yankin layinta. Tsawon tsinkiyar hankali an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su.

11. Trends na Ci gaba

Trend a cikin na'urori masu gani na infrared daban-daban kamar photodiodes yana zuwa ga ƙarin ƙananan fakitin yayin da ake kiyayewa ko inganta ma'auni na aiki kamar ƙananan halin duhu, mafi girma sauri, da ingantaccen juriya ga tsangwama na hasken muhalli. Haɗin kai wani muhimmin trend ne, tare da na'urori da ke haɗa photodiode tare da keɓaɓɓen amplifier, tacewa, da dabaru na dijital a cikin fakitin guda ɗaya don ƙirƙirar cikakken "modules masu karɓar IR" waɗanda ke sauƙaƙa ƙirar samfurin ƙarshe. Hakanan akwai ci gaba mai ci gaba don mafi girman aminci da dacewa tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli da masana'antu, kamar waɗanda na aikace-aikacen mota ko masana'antu.