Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na LTR-S951-TB - Mai Fitowa da Mai Gano Infrared - Tsarin Fuskar Gefe - Vce 30V

1. Bayanin Samfur

LTR-S951-TB wani kayan aiki ne na infrared (IR) wanda ya haɗa mai fitowa da mai gano a cikin tsari ɗaya mai ƙarancin girma, fuskar gefe. An ƙera wannan na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar gano abubuwa ba tare da taɓawa ba ta hanyar amfani da hasken infrared. Babban aikinsa ya haɗa da mai fitowa yana samar da hasken infrared, sannan mai gano, wanda a wannan yanayin phototransistor ne, yana amsa hasken infrared da ya faɗo ta hanyar canza yawan kwararar mai tattarawa (collector current). Muhimman fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da tsarin fuskar gefe mai tanadin sarari, dacewa da tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik, da ƙira da ya dace da aikin haɗa ta hanyar infrared reflow, wanda ya sa ya zama mai kyau ga masana'antar PCB mai yawan samarwa. Kasuwannin da aka yi niyya sun haɗa da na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, sarrafa masana'antu, tsarin tsaro, da duk wani aikace-aikace da ke amfani da ka'idar sarrafa nesa ko gano kusanci.

2. Zurfin Fahimtar Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Aiki

An ƙayyade na'urar don matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na 100 mW a yanayin zafin muhalli (TA) na 25°C. Ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin mai tattarawa da mai fitowa (V_CE) bai kamata ya wuce 30 V ba, kuma ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin mai fitowa da mai tattarawa (V_EC) bai kamata ya wuce 5 V ba. Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakoki waɗanda idan aka wuce su, lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. An ƙayyade kewayon zafin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, tare da faɗaɗa kewayon zafin ajiya daga -55°C zuwa +100°C, wanda ke tabbatar da amincin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. An kuma ƙayyade kayan aikin don aikin haɗa ta hanyar infrared reflow tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C na mafi ƙarancin lokaci na dakika 10.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

An ayyana mahimman ma'auni na lantarki a TA=25°C. Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na rushewar mai tattarawa da mai fitowa (V_(BR)CEO) shine mafi ƙarancin 30V, wanda aka auna tare da kwararar lantarki mai juyawa (I_R) na 100µA kuma babu hasken da ya haskaka (E_e=0). Kwararar lantarki na mai tattarawa a cikin duhu (I_CEO), wanda shine kwararar lantarki lokacin da babu haske, yana da matsakaicin ƙimar 100 nA a V_CE=20V. Wannan ƙaramin kwararar lantarki a cikin duhu yana da mahimmanci don samun babban rabo na sigina zuwa hayaniya a aikace-aikacen gano abubuwa. Kwararar lantarki na mai tattarawa a yanayin kunna (I_C(ON)), wanda ke nuna amsa phototransistor ga hasken infrared, yana da ƙimar al'ada na 5.5 mA lokacin da V_CE=5V kuma an haskaka shi da hasken da ke da ƙarfin haske na 0.5 mW/cm² daga tushen 940nm. An siffanta saurin sauyawa ta hanyar lokutan tashi da faɗuwa (t_r, t_f) na 15 µs a al'ada, a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji na V_CE=5V, I_C=1mA, da R_L=1kΩ. Wannan saurin ya isa ga yawancin ka'idojin sarrafa nesa da watsa bayanai.

3. Bincike kan Lakatunan Aiki

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da lakatunan halaye na al'ada waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga ƙirar da'ira. Waɗannan lakatunan suna wakiltar alaƙar tsakanin mahimman ma'auni a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban. Duk da cewa ba a cika bayyana takamaiman zane-zane ba a cikin rubutun da aka bayar, irin waɗannan lakatunan yawanci sun haɗa da kwararar lantarki na mai tattarawa (I_C) da ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin mai tattarawa da mai fitowa (V_CE) don matakan haske daban-daban, suna nuna halayen fitarwa na phototransistor. Wani lakatun da aka saba da shi shine kwararar lantarki na mai tattarawa da ƙarfin haske (E_e) a ƙayyadadden V_CE, yana kwatanta hankalin na'urar. Waɗannan zane-zane suna ba masu ƙira damar tsinkayar halayen kayan aikin a cikin takamaiman aikace-aikacensu, suna tabbatar da cewa da'ira tana aiki a cikin yankuna masu layi da aminci na aikin phototransistor.

4. Bayanin Injiniya da Tsarin Kunshin

LTR-S951-TB yana da tsarin fuskar gefe tare da ruwan tabarau mai baƙar fata. An ba da cikakkun bayanai game da girmansa a cikin takardar bayanin, tare da duk ma'aunai a cikin milimita. Ana samun saɓani na ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade wani abu. Ƙirar fuskar gefe tana ba da damar hasken infrared ya yi layi daya da saman PCB, wanda ke da amfani ga aikace-aikacen gano gefe ko kuma lokacin da sararin samaniya a tsaye ya yi ƙunci. An ƙera kunshin don ya dace da na'urar sanyawa ta atomatik, yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa mai inganci. Sashe daban-daban suna ba da shawarar girmen shimfidar wurin haɗa don ƙirar PCB da girmen kunshin don tsarin tef da reel da ake amfani da shi a cikin sarrafawa ta atomatik.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa da Sanyawa

5.1 Yanayin Ajiya

Ga kunshin da ba a buɗe ba, mai hana ɗanɗano tare da abin bushewa, ya kamata a adana na'urar a ≤30°C da ≤90% Yanayin ɗanɗano (RH) kuma a yi amfani da ita cikin shekara guda. Da zarar an buɗe ainihin kunshin, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C ko 60% RH ba. Ana ba da shawarar cewa kayan aikin da aka cire daga ainihin kunshinsu su sha aikin haɗa ta hanyar infrared reflow cikin mako guda. Don ajiya mai tsawo a waje da ainihin jakar, ya kamata a adana su a cikin akwati mai rufewa tare da abin bushewa ko kuma a cikin yanayin nitrogen. Idan an adana su ba tare da kunshin ba fiye da mako guda, ana buƙatar gasa a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin a yi haɗawa don cire ɗanɗanon da aka sha kuma a hana "fasar wake" yayin reflow.

5.2 Tsarin Haɗawa

Na'urar ta dace da hanyoyin haɗawa ta hanyar infrared reflow. Yanayin da aka ba da shawarar ya haɗa da yankin pre-heat na 150–200°C, lokacin pre-heat har zuwa dakika 120 mafi ƙarancin, matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba, da lokacin da ya wuce 260°C an iyakance shi zuwa dakika 10 mafi ƙarancin. Ya kamata a yi reflow sau biyu kawai mafi ƙarancin. Don haɗa hannu da guntun ƙarfe, zafin ƙarshen bai kamata ya wuce 300°C ba, kuma lokacin haɗawa kowane jagora ya kamata a iyakance shi zuwa dakika 3. Takardar bayanin tana nuni ga ƙayyadaddun ma'auni na JEDEC a matsayin tushen saitin tsari, tana jaddada buƙatar bin ƙayyadaddun masana'anta na manna haɗawa da aiwatar da siffanta takamaiman allon.

5.3 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan haɗawa, kawai ya kamata a yi amfani da kaushi na tushen barasa kamar isopropyl alcohol. Ya kamata a guji tsaftataccen sinadari mai tsauri ko kuma mai ƙarfi don hana lalata kunshin ko kayan ruwan tabarau.

6. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Ana samar da kayan aikin a cikin tef na 8mm akan reels masu diamita 13-inch, masu bin ka'idojin EIA. Kowane reel yana ɗauke da guda 9000. Ƙayyadaddun tef da reel suna bin ANSI/EIA 481-1-A-1994. Kunshin yana tabbatar da dacewa da injunan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik masu sauri. Bayanan kula suna ƙayyade cewa an rufe fanko na kayan aikin mara komai tare da tef ɗin rufi kuma ana ba da izinin mafi ƙarancin kayan aikin guda biyu a jere da suka ɓace akan reel.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

7.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

LTR-S951-TB ya dace da aikace-aikace kamar masu karɓar infrared a cikin tsarin sarrafa nesa, na'urori masu gano kusanci ko abu da aka sanya akan PCB, da hanyoyin haɗin watsa bayanai ta infrared mara waya. Tsarin fuskar gefe ya sa ya zama mai amfani musamman don gano abubuwa tare da gefen na'ura ko a cikin ramuka.

7.2 Ƙirar Da'ira Mai Turawa

Mai gano phototransistor na'urar fitarwa ce ta kwararar lantarki. Da'irar aikace-aikace ta al'ada ta haɗa da haɗa resistor na kaya (R_L) tsakanin mai tattarawa da ƙarfin lantarki mai wadata (V_CC), tare da haɗa mai fitowa zuwa ƙasa. Ana ɗaukar siginar fitarwa daga mashigar mai tattarawa. Ƙimar R_Ltana rinjayar riba, bandwidth, da jujjuyawar ƙarfin lantarki na fitarwa. Takardar bayanin tana ba da yanayin gwaji ta amfani da R_L=1kΩ. Ga mai fitowa na infrared (idan ana turawa da gaske), yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance kwararar lantarki a jere ga kowane LED don tabbatar da daidaiton ƙarfi da hana cin kwararar lantarki, saboda ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_f) na iya bambanta tsakanin na'urori. Ba a ba da shawarar turawa LED a layi daya ba tare da resistors ɗin su kaɗai ba.

7.3 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi La'akari da su a Ƙira

Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da kusurwar kallon na'urar (wanda ruwan tabarau ke nuna), hankali ga tsawon zango na 940nm, da saurin sauyawa dangane da ƙimar bayanai na aikace-aikacensu. Kariya daga hasken muhalli na iya zama abin damuwa; duk da cewa ruwan tabarau mai baƙi yana taimakawa, tacewa ta gani ko daidaita tushen infrared na iya zama dole a cikin yanayin da ke da haske mai yawa. Dole ne sanyawa akan PCB ya yi daidai da ƙirar injiniya da girmen shimfidar wurin da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗawa da daidaitawa don gano abubuwa.

8. Gargaɗi da Bayanan Aminci

Ana nufin samfurin don daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki. Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aminci na musamman inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da haɗari ga rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, likitanci, jirgin sama, sufuri), tuntuba da cancanta na musamman sun zama dole. Ƙayyadaddun bayanai da kamannin samfurin na iya canzawa ba tare da sanarwa ba don inganta samfurin.

9. Ka'idar Aiki

Na'urar tana aiki bisa ka'idar tasirin haske a cikin semiconductors. Mai fitowa na infrared yawanci Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) ne ko kuma kayan LED mai kama da shi wanda ke fitar da photons a matsakaicin tsawon zango kusan 940nm lokacin da aka yi masa bambanci gaba. Mai gano silicon phototransistor ne. Lokacin da photons daga mai fitowa (ko wani tushen infrared) suka buga yankin tushe na phototransistor, suna haifar da nau'ikan electron-hole. Wannan kwararar lantarki ta photogenerated tana aiki azaman kwararar lantarki na tushe, wanda aka ƙara ƙarfafa shi ta hanyar ribar kwararar lantarki na transistor (β), wanda ke haifar da babban kwararar lantarki na mai tattarawa. Wannan canjin kwararar lantarki na mai tattarawa don amsa hasken infrared shine ainihin tsarin gano abubuwa. Kunshin da aka haɗa yana daidaita mai fitowa da mai gano ta hanyar gani don yanayin gano abubuwa na nunawa, inda wani abu ke nuna hasken da aka fitar zuwa ga mai gano.