Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na Kayan LED - Sake Dubawa na 2 - Takardun Tsarin Rayuwa - Takarda ta Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takardar fasaha tana ba da cikakken bayani game da sarrafa tsarin rayuwa da tarihin sake dubawa na wani takamaiman kayan LED. Babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali akansa shi ne ingantaccen matsayin sake dubawa da kuma ingantacciyar ingancinsa a cikin tsarin rayuwar samfur. Babban fa'idar wannan takardun shi ne bayyananniyar ma'anar ingantaccen yanayin fasaha na kayan, wanda ke tabbatar da daidaito ga tsarawa da hanyoyin masana'antu. Wannan bayani yana da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyi, ƙwararrun saye, da ƙungiyoyin tabbatar da inganci waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin ci gaban samfur da kiyayewa na dogon lokaci.

2. Bayanai na Tsarin Rayuwa da Sake Dubawa

Takardar a koyaushe tana nuna takamaiman matsayi na tsarin rayuwa guda ɗaya na kayan.

2.1 Matakin Tsarin Rayuwa

Kayan yana cikin matakinSake DubawaWannan yana nuna cewa ƙirar samfur da ƙayyadaddun bayanai sun sami sabuntawa da ingantawa daga sigar farko kuma yanzu suna cikin ingantaccen yanayi, wanda aka saki a matsayin Sake Dubawa na 2. Wannan matakin yana nuna cewa ana tallafawa kayan kuma ana samunsa don amfani da shi wajen samarwa.

2.2 Tarihin Sake Dubawa

Sigar da aka rubuta a yanzu ita ceSake Dubawa na 2. Maimaita ambaton wannan lambar sake dubawa a cikin takardar yana jaddada mahimmancinta. Duk da yake ba a bayar da cikakkun bayanai game da canje-canje daga Sake Dubawa na 1 a cikin wannan ɓangaren, lambar sake dubawa ita ce mahimmin alamar bin diddigin canje-canjen kayan, wanda ke tabbatar da cewa duk ɓangarorin suna nuni da ingantaccen tsarin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

2.3 Ingantacciya da Saki

Lokacin da ya ƙareLokacin da ya ƙarean bayyana shi da "Har Abada." Wannan babbar sanarwa ce, ma'ana cewa wannan takamaiman sake dubawa (Sake Dubawa na 2) na takardun kayan ba shi da ranar da aka tsara don tsufa. Ana nufin ƙayyadaddun bayanai su kasance masu inganci har abada, suna ba da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci ga ƙirar da suka haɗa da wannan ɓangaren.

Ranar SakiRanar Sakidon Sake Dubawa na 2 an rubuta shi daidai kamar2014-12-11 18:37:42.0. Wannan alamar lokaci tana ba da takamaiman ma'anar tarihi na lokacin da aka fitar da wannan sake dubawa kuma ya zama ingantaccen ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

3. Zurfin Fassarar Ma'anar Ma'auni na Fasaha

Duk da yake ɓangaren PDF da aka bayar ya mai da hankali kan bayanan tsarin rayuwa, cikakkiyar takardar bayani ta fasaha don kayan LED yawanci za ta haɗa da sassan da ke gaba. Ma'auni da ke ƙasa suna wakiltar nau'ikan gama gari waɗanda za a yi cikakken bayani game da su bisa ainihin ƙirar kayan.

3.1 Halayen Hotometric

Wannan sashe zai yi cikakken bayani game da kaddarorin fitar da haske. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da Ƙarfin Haske (wanda aka auna a cikin lumens), wanda ke ayyana jimillar ƙarfin haske da ake fitarwa. Ƙarfin Haske (wanda aka auna a cikin candelas) yana bayyana ƙarfin haske a kowane kusurwar ƙarfi. Tsawon raɗaɗi ko ma'anar zazzabin launi (CCT) yana ƙayyadad da launin haske, kamar farin sanyi, farin tsaka-tsaki, ko farin dumi. Ma'anar Ma'anar Launi (CRI) shine ma'auni na yadda tushen haske ke bayyana launukan abubuwa daidai gwargwado idan aka kwatanta da tushen haske na halitta. Kusurwar kallo tana ayyana kewayon kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya kasance aƙalla rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa.

3.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki

Mahimmanci ga ƙirar da'ira, wannan sashe yana bayyana buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf) shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da yake fitar da haske a takamaiman gwajin na yanzu. Ƙarfin Yanzu na Gaba (If) shine shawarar aiki na yanzu. Hakanan za a ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙima don ƙarfin lantarki na baya da matsakaicin ƙarfin yanzu na gaba don hana lalata na'urar. Ana ƙididdige ɓarnar wuta daga Vf da If.

3.3 Halayen Zafi

Aikin LED da tsawon rayuwarsa suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar zazzabi. Juriyar zafi daga Junction zuwa Yanayi (RθJA) tana nuna yadda ake canja wurin zafi daga guntuwar LED (junction) zuwa muhallin da ke kewaye. Ƙananan ƙima yana nuna ingantacciyar ɓarkewar zafi. Matsakaicin zazzabin junction (Tj max) shine mafi girman zazzabin da aka yarda a junction ɗin semiconductor. Yin amfani da LED sama da wannan zazzabi zai rage tsawon rayuwarsa sosai kuma zai iya haifar da gazawar nan take.

4. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Bambance-bambancen masana'antu suna buƙatar rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki don tabbatar da daidaito.

4.1 Rarraba Tsawon Raɗaɗi / Zazzabin Launi

Ana rarraba LED zuwa ƙananan kewayon tsawon raɗaɗi (don LED masu launi ɗaya) ko ma'anar zazzabin launi (don fararen LED). Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin samarwa guda ɗaya da kuma a cikin rukunoni daban-daban. Tsarin rarraba na yau da kullun na iya amfani da lambobin haruffa don wakiltar takamaiman tsawon raɗaɗi ko kewayon CCT.

4.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Flux)

Ana rarraba LED bisa ga ƙimar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin na yanzu. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace da takamaiman buƙatun haske. Yawanci ana ayyana kwandon ta hanyar mafi ƙarancin ƙimar ƙarfin haske da/ko matsakaici.

4.3 Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage)

Don taimakawa wajen ƙirar ingantattun da'irori masu tuƙi da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton aiki a cikin layukan layi, ana rarraba LED ta hanyar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf) a gwajin na yanzu. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen daidaita LED don rage rashin daidaiton yanzu a cikin tsararrun.

5. Bincike akan Lakatunan Aiki

Bayanan hoto suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen ɓangaren a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

5.1 Lakabin Halayen Ƙarfin Lantarki da ƙarfin Wuta (I-V)

Wannan lakatun yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙarfin yanzu na gaba ta hanyar LED da ƙarfin lantarki a kan tashoshinta. Ba shi da layi, yana nuna ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki wanda ƙasa da shi ƙaramin ƙarfin yanzu ke gudana. Lakatun yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar da'irar iyakance yanzu da suka dace.

5.2 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Lakatun yawanci suna nuna yadda ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ke raguwa tare da ƙara zazzabin junction. Wani muhimmin lakatun yana nuna ƙarfin haske na dangi a matsayin aikin zazzabin junction, yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zazzabi ya tashi.

5.3 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske ta Tsawon Raɗaɗi (Spectral Power Distribution)

Ga fararen LED, wannan lakatun yana nuna ƙarfin haske na dangi da ake fitarwa a kowane tsawon raɗaɗi a cikin bakan haske da ake iya gani. Yana bayyana kololuwar LED ɗin famfo mai shuɗi da faɗaɗa fitar da phosphor, yana ba da haske game da ingancin launi da CRI.

6. Bayanai na Injiniya da Kunshewa

Ƙayyadaddun bayanai na zahiri suna da mahimmanci ga ƙirar PCB da haɗawa.

6.1 Zanen Tsari na Girma

Cikakken zane wanda ke nuna daidaitattun girmansa, gami da tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, da duk wani mahimmanciyar iyaka. Yana ayyana ƙafar da ake buƙata akan allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB).

6.2 Ƙirar Tsarin Pad ɗin

Shawarar tsarin tagulla akan PCB don solder LED. Wannan ya haɗa da girman pad, siffa, da tazara don tabbatar da ingantattun haɗin gwiwa, ingantaccen canja wurin zafi, da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

6.3 Gano Polarity

Bayyanannen alamar tashoshi na anode (+) da cathode (-) akan kunshin LED, galibi ana nuna su ta hanyar tsaga, ɗigo, yanke kusurwa, ko tsayin jagora daban-daban. Daidaitaccen polarity yana da mahimmanci don aiki.

7. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

7.1 Ma'auni na Solder na Reflow

Shawarar bayanin martaba na reflow wanda ke ƙayyadad da matakan preheat, jiƙa, reflow, da sanyaya. Manyan ma'auni sun haɗa da matsakaicin zazzabi, lokacin sama da ruwa (TAL), da ƙimar hawan. Bin wannan bayanin martaba yana hana girgizar zafi kuma yana tabbatar da ingantattun haɗin gwiwar solder ba tare da lalata LED ba.

7.2 Abubuwan da za a Kula da kuma Sarrafawa

Umarni don sarrafawa don guje wa lalacewar fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD). Jagororin kan guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau ko jagororin. Shawarwari game da wakilan tsaftacewa waɗanda suka dace da kayan kunshin LED.

7.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Mafi kyawun yanayin ajiya don kiyaye yanayin solder da hana sha ruwa (wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin reflow). Yawanci ya haɗa da ajiya a cikin busasshiyar muhalli mai sarrafa zazzabi, sau da yawa tare da bushewa a cikin jakunkunan shinge na danshi.

8. Bayanai na Kunshewa da Oda

8.1 Ƙayyadaddun Bayanai na Kunshewa

Cikakkun bayanai kan yadda ake samar da LED: nau'in reel (misali, inci 7 ko inci 13), faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da kuma alkibla. Hakanan an ƙayyade adadin kowane reel.

8.2 Bayanin Alamar

Bayani game da bayanan da aka buga akan alamar reel, gami da lambar ɓangare, adadi, lambar kuri'a, lambar kwanan wata, da lambobin rarraba.

8.3 Tsarin Sunan Bangare (Part Number Nomenclature)

Rarrabuwar lambar ɓangaren kayan, yana bayyana yadda lambar ke nuna mahimman halaye kamar launi, kwandon ƙarfin haske, kwandon ƙarfin lantarki, nau'in kunshin, da fasali na musamman.

9. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

9.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Tsare-tsare na ainihin da'irori masu tuƙi na yanzu, kamar amfani da mai juriya mai sauƙi don aikace-aikacen ƙaramin wuta ko ƙwararrun ƙwararrun LED don mafi girman aiki da inganci. Abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su don haɗin gwiwa da layi.

9.2 Abubuwan da za a Yi la'akari da su a Ƙirar

Jagora akan ƙirar sarrafa zafi: ƙididdige buƙatun heatsinking, shimfidar PCB don yada zafi (ta amfani da thermal vias, zubar da tagulla). Abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su na ƙirar gani don cimma tsarin katako da ake so da daidaiton haske.

10. Kwatancen Fasaha

Kwatancen haƙiƙa wanda ke nuna inda wannan ɓangaren ya dace da madadin. Wannan zai iya tattauna inganci (lumens a kowace watt) idan aka kwatanta da tsararraki na baya ko fasahohin gasa. Zai iya nuna mafi girman ma'anar ma'anar launi, faɗin kewayon yanayin aiki, ko ƙaramin girman kunshin da ke ba da damar sabbin yuwuwar ƙira.

11. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Amsoshi ga tambayoyin fasaha na gama gari. Misalai: "Menene tsammanin tsawon rayuwa (L70/B50) na wannan LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun?" "Yaya ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ke bambanta da zazzabi?" "Za a iya haɗa LED da yawa a layi kai tsaye?" "Menene shawarar matsakaicin ƙarfin tuƙi don aikin bugun jini?" "Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin rarraba akan alamar?"

12. Amfanin Aikace-aikace na Ainihi

Cikakkun misalai na yadda ake aiwatar da wannan LED. Harka 1: Haɗawa cikin ƙaramin haske na gida, mai da hankali kan zaɓin kayan hulɗar zafi da dacewar direba. Harka 2: Amfani a cikin na'urar haske na cikin mota, yana mai da hankali kan gwajin dogaro da aikin duhu. Harka 3: Aiwatarwa a cikin tsarin hasken gandun daji, tattauna takamaiman tasirin bakan don ci gaban shuka.

13. Ka'idar Aiki

Bayanin haƙiƙa na fasahar da ke ƙasa. Ga farar LED, wannan yana bayyana electroluminescence a cikin diode na semiconductor, inda electrons ke sake haɗuwa da ramuka, suna sakin makamashi azaman photons. A cikin farar LED da aka canza phosphor, hasken shuɗi na farko ko kusa da UV daga guntu yana tada rufin phosphor, wanda sannan ya fitar da mafi faɗin bakan hasken rawaya/ja. Cakuda shuɗi da rawaya/ja ana ganinsa a matsayin fari.

14. Trends na Fasaha

Bayanin haƙiƙa game da alkiblar fasahar LED. Wannan ya haɗa da ci gaba da ci gaba na ƙara ingancin haske (lumens a kowace watt), rage farashin kowane lumen. Haɓaka sabbin phosphors don inganta ingancin launi da mafi girman CRI. Ƙananan kunshin don aikace-aikacen yawan taro. Haɓakar haske mai hankali da haske mai da hankali kan ɗan adam, inda daidaita bakan da haɗin kai ke zama mahimman fasali. Haɗa LED tare da na'urori masu auna firikwensin da direbobi zuwa cikakkun mafita na tsarin-kan-chip ko tsarin-a-cikin-kunshin.