Takardar Bayani na Fitilar LED 333-2UYD/S530-A3 - Rawaya Mai Haske - 20mA - 320mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun ma'auni na fasaha don fitilar LED mai haske mai launin rawaya. An ƙera wannan na'urar don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen aiki da ingantaccen gani. Tana amfani da fasahar guntu na AlGaInP wanda aka rufe a cikin resin mai launin rawaya, wanda ke haifar da fitar da launin rawaya mai haske. Jerin yana ba da zaɓi na kusurwar gani kuma ana samunsa akan tef da reel don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Musamman da Bin Ka'idoji

An ƙera samfurin tare da aminci da ƙarfi a matsayin mahimman siffofi. Yana bin manyan ka'idojin muhalli da aminci, yana tabbatar da cewa ya dace da ƙa'idodin masana'antu na zamani. Musamman, na'urar tana bin umarnin EU RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari), ƙa'idar EU REACH, kuma an rarrabe ta a matsayin Ba ta da Halogen, tare da ƙayyadaddun iyaka akan abun ciki na Bromine (Br) da Chlorine (Cl) (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Wannan ya sa ya dace da nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci da na masana'antu.

1.2 Kasuwa da Aikace-aikace da Ake Nufi

Ana nufin wannan fitilar LED ga kasuwannin hasken baya da nuni a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci. Aikace-aikacenta na farko sun haɗa da amfani da ita azaman alama ko tushen hasken baya a cikin talabijin, na'urorin kallo na kwamfuta, wayoyi, da nau'ikan na'urorin haɗin kwamfuta daban-daban. Haɗin launinta, haskensa, da girman kunshinsa ya sa ya zama kayan aiki mai fa'ida ga injiniyoyin ƙira.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'aunin Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassarar ma'auni na mahimman lantarki, haske, da zafi na na'urar kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin takardar bayani.

2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni na Gabaɗaya

Iyakar Ma'auni na Gabaɗaya suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Waɗannan ba yanayi ba ne don aiki na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Ci gaba (IF):25 mA. Wucewa wannan ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai zai haifar da zafi mai yawa, yana rage rayuwar LED da fitar da haske.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Kololuwa (IFP):60 mA (a cikin zagayowar aiki na 1/10 da 1 kHz). Wannan ma'auni yana ba da damar ɗigon gajerun ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma, mai amfani don tsarin aiki da yawa ko na bugun jini, amma dole ne a sarrafa su da kyau don guje wa zafi mai yawa.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya fiye da wannan na iya haifar da gazawar haɗin LED nan take kuma mai lalacewa.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):60 mW. Wannan shine iyakar wutar lantarki da kunshin zai iya watsawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin da aka bayar, wanda aka lissafta daga ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da ƙarfin lantarki.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:Na'urar na iya aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana ta daga -40°C zuwa +100°C. Waɗannan fa'idodin masu yawa suna tabbatar da aminci a cikin mawuyacin yanayi.
• Zafin Solder:260°C na dakika 5. Wannan yana ayyana iyakar zafin jiki da lokacin jurewa don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake karkatarwa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun (Ta=25°C, IF=20mA sai dai idan an ƙayyade) kuma suna ayyana aikin na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv):Ya bambanta daga 100 mcd (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa ƙimar yau da kullun na 320 mcd. Wannan ma'auni ne na hasken rawaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna tsarin rarrabuwa (binning).
• Kusurwar Gani (2θ1/2):Yawanci digiri 30. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya rabi na kololuwar ƙarfin. Kusurwar digiri 30 tana nuna hasken da aka mai da hankali sosai, wanda ya dace da nuni mai jagora.
• Tsawon Zango na Kololuwa & Mai Rinjaye (λp, λd):Ƙimar yau da kullun sune 591 nm da 589 nm, bi da bi. Tsawon zango na kololuwa shine kololuwar bakan, yayin da tsawon zango mai rinjaye yana da alaƙa da launin da ake gani (rawaya mai haske).
• Faɗin Bakan Haske (Δλ):Yawanci 15 nm. Wannan yana ayyana tsaftar bakan hasken rawaya da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 1.7V (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2.4V (mafi girma), tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.0V a 20mA. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 μA a VR=5V. Ƙarfin lantarki na baya ƙanƙanta yana da kyau.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabe (Binning)

Takardar bayani tana nuni ga tsarin rarrabuwa (binning) don mahimman ma'auni, wanda yake da mahimmanci don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa.

• CAT (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken):Wannan lamba akan alamar kunshin tana nuna takamaiman rukunin ƙarfin haske na wannan rukunin LEDs.
• HUE (Matsayi na Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye):Wannan lamba tana ƙayyadaddun rukunin tsawon zango/launi, yana tabbatar da cewa launin rawaya yana cikin iyakar da aka ayyana.
• REF (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba):Wannan lamba tana nuna rukunin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, wanda ke taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irori masu daidaitawa, musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LEDs da yawa a jere.

Ya kamata masu ƙira su tuntubi cikakkun jadawalin rarrabuwa na masana'anta (ba a bayar da su a cikin wannan takardar bayani ta tsakiya ba) don zaɓar lambobin da suka dace don buƙatun daidaiton launi da haske na aikace-aikacensu.

4. Bincike na Lissafin Aiki

Lissafin halaye na yau da kullun yana ba da haske game da yadda LED ke nuna hali a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Ƙarfin Haske Dangane da Tsawon Zango

Wannan lissafin yana nuna rarraba ƙarfin bakan, yana kololuwa a kusa da 591 nm (rawaya) tare da faɗin bakan kusan 15 nm, yana tabbatar da yanayin launi ɗaya na guntu na AlGaInP.

4.2 Tsarin Nuni (Directivity Pattern)

Zanen jagora yana nuna kusurwar gani na digiri 30, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin haske ke raguwa yayin da kusurwar ke tafiya daga tsakiyar axis.

4.3 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba Dangane da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lissafin IV)

Wannan lissafin ba shi da layi, na yau da kullun na diode. Yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da sakamakon ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gwiwa yana kusa da 2.0V. Yin aiki sama da wannan gwiwa, ƙananan canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana haifar da manyan canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin lantarki, yana buƙatar tuƙi na ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun don ingantaccen aiki.

4.4 Ƙarfin Haske Dangane da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

Ƙarfin haske gabaɗaya yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba amma a ƙarshe zai cika sannan ya ragu saboda raguwar inganci da tasirin zafi. Lissafin yana taimakawa wajen ƙayyade mafi kyawun ƙarfin lantarki don haske da ake so da inganci da rayuwa.

4.5 Dogaro da Yanayin Zafi

Ƙarfin Haske Dangane da Yanayin Zafi na Muhalli:Fitowar hasken LED tana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin yake ƙaruwa. Wannan lissafin yana ƙididdige wannan raguwa, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma.
Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba Dangane da Yanayin Zafi na Muhalli:Wannan lissafin na iya nuna yadda halayen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba ke canzawa tare da zafin jiki, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga yanayin tuƙi na ƙarfin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana cikin da'irar da'irar radial (zagaye) na 3mm na yau da kullun. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da:
- Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita.
- Dole ne tsayin flange ya zama ƙasa da 1.5mm (0.059\").
- Matsakaicin jurewa shine ±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade.
Cikakken zanen girma (wanda aka nuna a cikin takardar bayani) yana ƙayyade tazarar jagora, diamita na jiki, siffar ruwan tabarau, da tsayin gabaɗaya, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar ƙafar PCB da tabbatar da dacewa da aikace-aikace.

5.2 Gano Ƙarshen Lantarki (Polarity) da Siffantar Ƙarfe

Mafi tsayin jagora shine anode (tabbatacce). Takardar bayani ta jaddada mahimman ƙa'idodi don siffantar jagora don hana lalacewa:
- Lanƙwasa jagora a wani wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwararan fitila na epoxy.
- Yi siffantar kafin solder.
- Guje wa damuwa ga kunshin. Ramin PCB mara daidaituwa wanda ke haifar da damuwa akan jagora na iya lalata LED.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Yin sarrafa daidai yana da mahimmanci don aminci.

6.1 Ma'aunin Aikin Solder

Solder na Hannu:Matsakaicin zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe 300°C (don ƙarfe mai ƙarfi 30W matsakaici), matsakaicin lokacin solder dakika 3 kowace jagora.
Solder na Igwa/DIP:Matsakaicin zafin jiki na farko 100°C (na dakika 60 matsakaici), matsakaicin zafin wanka na solder 260°C na dakika 5.
Ƙa'ida Mai Muhimmanci:Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3mm daga haɗin solder zuwa kwararan fitila na epoxy don hana girgizar zafi ga guntu na LED.

6.2 Tsarin Solder da Ake Shawarwari

Tsarin yau da kullun ya haɗa da hawan zafin jiki na farko, jiƙa zafi mai ƙarfi, ɗan gajeren kololuwa a 260°C, da sarrafa sanyaya. Ba a ba da shawarar sanyaya mai sauri. Ya kamata a yi amfani da tsarin laminar wave da ingantaccen kwarara.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Ya kamata a adana LEDs a ≤30°C da ≤70% Yanayin Zafi. Rayuwar shiryayye bayan jigilar kaya shine watanni 3. Don ajiya mai tsawo (har zuwa shekara guda), yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da yanayin nitrogen da desiccant. Guje wa saurin canjin zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

Idan ya cancanta, tsaftace kawai da barasa na isopropyl a zafin jiki na daki na ≤1 minti. Kar a yi amfani da tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic sai dai idan an riga an ƙaddara ma'auninsa (wutar lantarki, lokaci) don tabbatar da cewa babu lalacewa da ke faruwa, saboda ƙarfin ultrasonic na iya fashewar epoxy ko lalata haɗin waya.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ma'aunin Kunshin

Ana tattara LEDs a cikin jakunkunan hana lantarki don hana lalacewar ESD. Ana sanya waɗannan a cikin akwatunan ciki, waɗanda ake sanyawa cikin akwatunan waje don jigilar kaya.
Adadin Kunshin:Mafi ƙanƙanta 200 zuwa 500 guda a kowace jaka. Ana tattara jakunkuna biyar a cikin akwati ɗaya na ciki. Ana tattara akwatunan ciki goma a cikin akwati ɗaya na waje.

7.2 Bayanin Alamar Kunshin

Alamar kunshin ta haɗa da lambobi da yawa:
- CPN:Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki.
- P/N:Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (misali, 333-2UYD/S530-A3).
- QTY:Adadin a cikin kunshin.
- CAT/HUE/REF:Lambobin rarrabuwa don Ƙarfin Hasken, Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye, da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba, bi da bi.
- LOT No:Lambar rukunin samarwa da za a iya gano ta.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka Lokacin Ɗauki

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Dole ne a tuƙi wannan LED tare da tsarin iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce resistor na jere. Ana iya lissafin ƙimar resistor (R) ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If. Don wadatar 5V da ƙimar Vf na yau da kullun na 2.0V a 20mA, R = (5 - 2.0) / 0.02 = 150 Ω. Ana ba da shawarar IC mai tuƙi ko da'irar transistor don tuƙi na ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun, musamman lokacin da ake buƙatar daidaiton haske ko dushewa.

8.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa kaɗan (60mW matsakaici), dole ne a yi la'akari da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi yayin ƙirar PCB, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko wuraren da aka rufe. Isasshen tazara tsakanin abubuwan da ake amfani da su da yuwuwar amfani da ramukan zafi na iya taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi daga jagororin LED, yana hana haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa da asarar haske da rayuwa na gaba.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahar LEDs na rawaya (misali, dangane da GaAsP), wannan na'urar AlGaInP tana ba da ingantaccen inganci mai haske da launin rawaya mai cikar cikawa. Kusurwar gani na digiri 30 tana ba da kyakkyawar sulhu tsakanin faɗin gani da ƙarfin jagora, yana sa ya dace da duka matsayin nuni da na hasken baya inda hasken da aka mai da hankali yake da amfani. Bin ka'idodin zamani na ba tare da halogen da RoHS ba shine mahimmin bambanci ga ƙirar da ke da hankali ga muhalli.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'aunin Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙi wannan LED a 30mA don ƙarin haske?
A: A'a. Iyakar Ma'auni na Gabaɗaya don ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na ci gaba shine 25 mA. Wucewa wannan ma'auni yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa na dindindin da haɓakar lalacewa. Yi aiki a ko ƙasa da shawarar 20mA don ingantaccen aiki.
Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Tsawon Zango na Kololuwa da Mai Rinjaye?
A: Tsawon Zango na Kololuwa shine mafi girman ƙarfin bakan da aka fitar. Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya na hasken launi ɗaya wanda zai bayyana yana da launi ɗaya ga idon ɗan adam. Sau da yawa suna kusa, kamar yadda yake a wannan yanayin (591nm da 589nm).
Q: Me ya sa ƙa'idar lanƙwasa jagora na 3mm take da mahimmanci haka?
A: Lanƙwasa kusa da 3mm zuwa kwararan fitila na epoxy yana watsa damuwa na injiniya kai tsaye zuwa haɗin waya na ciki da guntu na semiconductor, yana iya haifar da karyewa nan take ko gazawar da ke bayyana daga baya.
Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin CAT/HUE/REF akan alama?
A: Waɗannan lambobin rarrabuwa ne na ciki. Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samfurin ku, ya kamata ku ƙayyade kewayon rarrabuwar da ake so lokacin yin oda kuma ku tabbatar da cewa lambobin akan abubuwan da aka karɓa sun dace da ƙayyadaddunku.

11. Misalin Ɗauki da Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.Ana amfani da LEDs masu haske da yawa don nuna yanayin aiki daban-daban. Don tabbatar da bayyanar daidai, mai ƙira ya ƙayyade ƙunƙuntaccen rukunin HUE (tsawon zango) da takamaiman rukunin CAT (ƙarfi) daga mai samarwa. Ana tuƙi LEDs ta hanyar fil ɗin GPIO na microcontroller tare da resistor na jere da aka lissafta don aikin 15mA (don daidaita haske da aminci na dogon lokaci). Tsarin PCB yana tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye shawarar 3mm daga kushin solder zuwa jikin LED. Yayin haɗawa, ana amfani da tsarin solder na igwa tare da tsarin sarrafawa wanda ya dace da takardar bayani.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na semiconductor, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun ciki na gami na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yayi daidai da tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, rawaya (~589-591 nm). Dome na resin mai rawaya yana aiki don kare guntu, siffanta fitarwar haske (kusurwar gani na digiri 30), da watsa haske don ƙirƙirar bayyanar daidai.

13. Trends na Ci gaban Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin fasahar LED yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (lumens da yawa kowace watt), ingantaccen launi, da ƙarancin farashi. Ga LEDs irin na nuni kamar wannan, trends sun haɗa da ƙarin ƙaramin ƙira (misali, ƙananan kunshin da'irar saman), ƙarin haske a cikin ambulaf ɗin wutar lantarki iri ɗaya, da ingantaccen aminci a ƙarƙashin aiki mai zafi. Har ila yau, akwai ci gaba na turawa don bin ka'idodin muhalli da amfani da ƙarin kayan dorewa a cikin kunshin. Tsarin kayan AlGaInP na asali ya balaga amma yana ci gaba da ganin gyare-gyare a cikin girma na epitaxial da ƙirar guntu don fitar da ƙarin haske da inganta daidaiton aiki.