Takardar Bayanin LED 313-2UYD/S530-A3 - Raɗaɗin Zinariya - 20mA - 2.0V - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun bayanai na fasaha don fitilar LED mai ƙarfin haske, mai launin zinariya mai raɗaɗi. An ƙera na'urar ta amfani da fasahar guntu na AlGaInP, an rufe ta da resin mai watsawa mai launin rawaya, wanda ya sa ta dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen gani da ingantaccen aiki. Jerin yana ba da zaɓi na kusurwoyin kallo daban-daban kuma ana samunsa a cikin fakitin tef da reel don hanyoyin haɗawa ta atomatik.

An ƙera samfurin don ya zama mai ƙarfi kuma abin dogaro, yana bin mahimman ka'idojin muhalli da aminci ciki har da RoHS, EU REACH, da buƙatun marasa halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Manufar ƙirarsa ta farko ita ce samar da matakan haske mafi girma don kewayon aikace-aikacen lantarki na masu amfani da masana'antu.

2. Zurfin Fassarar Ma'anar Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Iyakokin Ƙididdiga na Cikakke

An ayyana iyakokin aiki na na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin Ta=25°C. Wucewa waɗannan ƙididdiga na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba (IF):25 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin DC da za'a iya amfani da shi akai-akai.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (IFP):60 mA. Wannan ƙididdiga ya shafi ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya fiye da wannan iyaka zai iya lalata haɗin LED.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):60 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da fakiti ɗin zai iya watsawa.
• Zazzabi na Aiki (Topr):-40 zuwa +85 °C. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi don aiki mai dogaro.
• Zazzabi na Ajiya (Tstg):-40 zuwa +100 °C. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi mai aminci don adana na'urar lokacin da ba a aiki ba.
• Zazzabin Solder (Tsol):260 °C na dakika 5. Matsakaicin zafi da lokacin jurewa don hanyoyin solder.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Hasken Gani

An auna mahimman sigogi na aiki a Ta=25°C da halin gaba (IF) na 20 mA, wanda shine matsakaicin wurin aiki.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Iv):Matsakaicin ƙima shine 200 mcd, tare da mafi ƙarancin 100 mcd. Wannan sigogi yana nuna ƙarfin hasken da ake gani na fitowar hasken rawaya. Rashin tabbas na ma'auni shine ±10%.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ1/2):Matsakaicin ƙima shine digiri 50. Wannan yana ayyana yadda ƙarfin haske ya watsu inda ya kasance aƙalla rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λp):Matsakaicin ƙima shine 591 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon lokacin da fitowar haske ta fi ƙarfi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd):Matsakaicin ƙima shine 589 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ke gani, yana wakiltar launin LED. Rashin tabbas na ma'auni shine ±1.0 nm.
• Faɗin Bakan Radiation (Δλ):Matsakaicin ƙima shine 15 nm. Wannan yana nuna faɗin bakan na hasken da aka fitar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Matsakaicin ƙima shine 2.0 V, ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 1.7 V zuwa matsakaicin 2.4 V a 20 mA. Rashin tabbas na ma'auni shine ±0.1 V.
• Halin Baya (IR):Matsakaicin ƙima shine 10 μA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5 V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarraba don rarraba na'urori bisa mahimman sigogi na gani da lantarki, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikace. Alamun da ke kan fakiti suna nuna waɗannan kwandon.

• CAT (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken Gani):Wannan lambar tana rarraba LED bisa ga ƙimar ƙarfin hasken da aka auna.
• HUE (Matsayi na Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon):Wannan lambar tana rarraba LED bisa ga matsakaicin tsawon tsawonsa, wanda ke da alaƙa da daidaitaccen inuwar rawaya.
• REF (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba):Wannan lambar tana rarraba LED bisa ga faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a halin gwaji.

Wannan rarrabuwa yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LEDs tare da halaye masu sarrafa ƙarfi don aikace-aikacen da daidaiton launi ko haske ke da mahimmanci.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi vs. Tsawon Tsawon

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna rarraba ƙarfin bakan na hasken da aka fitar, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon 591 nm tare da matsakaicin faɗin bakan na 15 nm, yana tabbatar da launin Zinariya mai Raɗaɗi.

4.2 Tsarin Jagora

Wannan makircin yana nuna rarraba sararin samaniya na haske, wanda ya dace da matsakaicin kusurwar kallo na digiri 50, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin ya ragu daga tsakiyar axis.

4.3 Halin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan jadawali yana kwatanta alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da halin yanzu. Matsakaicin VF na 2.0V a 20mA shine mahimmin batu akan wannan lanƙwasa. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.

4.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi vs. Halin Gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin gaba. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a cikin kewayon aiki amma zai cika a manyan halaye. Yin aiki a daidai shawarar 20mA yana tabbatar da ingantaccen inganci da tsawon rai.

4.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna mummunan haɗin zafi na fitowar haske. Yayin da yanayin zafi (Ta) ya ƙaru, matsakaicin fitowar haske yana raguwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikace.

4.6 Halin Gaba vs. Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan jadawali yana iya kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin halin gaba da zafin jiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarfin lantarki ko wutar lantarki mai tsayi, yana ba da labarin ayyukan rage ƙima.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakiti

5.1 Zanen Girman Fakiti

Takardar bayanin tana ba da cikakken zanen injiniya na fakitin LED. Mahimman girmansu sun haɗa da girman jiki gabaɗaya, tazarar jagora, da siffar ruwan tabarau na epoxy. Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita (mm).

Mahimman Bayanin Kula:

• Dole ne tsayin flange ya kasance ƙasa da 1.5mm (0.059\").
• Sai dai idan an faɗi daban, matsakaicin jurewa na girmansu shine ±0.25mm.

5.2 Gano Halin Lantarki

An gano jagoran cathode (maras kyau) a cikin zanen girma, sau da yawa ta wurin filaye a kan ruwan tabarau, tsaga a cikin fakiti, ko gajeriyar jagora. Dole ne a lura da daidaitaccen halin lantarki yayin hawan PCB.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Sarrafa daidai yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye amincin na'urar da aiki.

6.1 Siffantar Jagora

• Lankwasa jagora a wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwan fitila na epoxy.
• Yi siffantar jagorakafin soldering.
• Kauce wa damuwa ga fakitin LED yayin siffantawa don hana lalacewa na ciki ko karyewa.
• Yanke firam ɗin jagora a zafin daki.
• Tabbatar da ramukan PCB sun yi daidai da jagororin LED don guje wa damuwar hawa.

6.2 Ajiya

• Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Matsakaicin Danshi (RH) bayan karɓa. Tsawon rayuwa a ƙarƙashin waɗannan yanayi shine watanni 3.
• Don ajiya fiye da watanni 3, yi amfani da akwati mai rufewa tare da yanayin nitrogen da busassun abu har zuwa shekara guda.
• Kauce wa saurin canjin zafi a cikin babban danshi don hana hazo.

6.3 Tsarin Solder

Doka ta Gabaɗaya:Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3mm daga haɗin solder zuwa kwan fitilar epoxy.

Solder da Hannu:

• Zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe: Matsakaicin 300°C (don matsakaicin ƙarfe 30W).
• Lokacin solder kowane jagora: Matsakaicin dakika 3.

Solder na Wave (DIP):

• Zafin riga-kafi: Matsakaicin 100°C (na matsakaicin dakika 60).
• Zafin wanka na solder & lokaci: Matsakaicin 260°C na dakika 5.

Mahimman Bayanin Kula na Solder:

• Kauce wa damuwa akan jagora a yanayin zafi mai girma.
• Kada ku yi solder (nutsar da ko hannu) fiye da sau ɗaya.
• Kare kwan fitilar epoxy daga girgiza/girgiza har sai LED ya yi sanyi zuwa zafin daki.
• Kauce wa saurin sanyaya daga matsakaicin zafi.
• Yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin zafi da zai iya samun haɗin solder mai dogaro.
• Bi shawarar bayanin solder da aka ba da shawara don solder na wave.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

• Idan ya cancanta, tsaftace kawai da barasa na isopropyl a zafin daki na ≤1 minti.
• Bushe a zafin daki kafin amfani.
• Kauce wa tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic. Idan da gaske ake buƙata, yi riga-kafin tsarin don tabbatar da cewa babu lalacewa da ta faru.

7. Gudanar da Zafi

Ingantaccen watsa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rai.

• Yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi yayin matakin ƙirar aikace-aikace na farko.
• Da kyau rage ƙimar halin aiki bisa ga yanayin yanayin aikace-aikacen, yana nuni ga lanƙwasa rage ƙima (wanda aka nuna a cikin jadawalin aiki).
• Sarrafa zafin da ke kewaye da LED a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin yana rage fitowar haske kuma zai iya haɓaka lalacewa.

8. Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

Wannan samfurin LED yana da hankali ga zubar da lantarki (ESD) da ƙarfin lantarki, wanda zai iya lalata guntu na semiconductor kuma ya shafi aminci.

• Koyaushe sarrafa na'urori a cikin yanayin da aka kare ESD (ta amfani da bel ɗin wuyan hannu da aka kafa, tabarma masu ɗaukar hoto, da sauransu).
• Yi amfani da daidaitaccen fakiti da kwantena masu aminci na ESD yayin jigilar kaya da ajiya.

9. Bayanin Fakiti da Oda

9.1 Ƙayyadaddun Fakiti

An fakiti na'urar don tabbatar da kariya daga danshi da zubar da lantarki.

• Fakitin Farko:Jaka mai hana lantarki.
• Fakitin Na Biyu:Akwatin ciki.
• Fakitin Na Uku:Akwatin waje.

Adadin Fakiti:

1. Mafi ƙarancin 200 zuwa 500 guda a kowace jakar anti-static.
2. An fakiti jakuna 6 zuwa akwatin ciki 1.
3. An fakiti akwatuna na ciki 10 zuwa akwatin waje 1.

9.2 Bayanin Alama

Alamar fakiti ta ƙunshi waɗannan lambobin don bin diddigin bayanai da ƙayyadaddun bayanai:

• CPN:Lambar Samar da Abokin Ciniki.
• P/N:Lambar Samarwa (lambar ɓangaren masana'anta).
• QTY:Adadin Fakiti.
• CAT:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken Gani (Rarraba).
• HUE:Matsayi na Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (Rarraba).
• REF:Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Rarraba).
• LOT No:Lambar Rukunin Masana'antu don bin diddigin bayanai.

10. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

10.1 Matsakaicin Yanayin Aikace-aikace

Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin takardar bayanin, wannan LED ya dace da hasken baya da nuna matsayi a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban, ciki har da:

• Na'urorin Talabijin (TV)
• Monitocin Kwamfuta
• Wayoyi
• Na'urorin Kwamfuta da Kayan Aiki na Gabaɗaya

Ƙarfin haske da ingantaccen launin rawaya sun sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don nuna alamar wutar lantarki, fitilu na gargaɗi, da hasken baya na ado inda ake buƙatar bayyananne.

10.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da ƙira

• Iyakance Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ko direba mai tsayayyen halin yanzu. Lissafa ƙimar resistor bisa ga ƙarfin wutar lantarki (Vs), matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (Vf ≈ 2.0V), da halin aikin da ake so (misali, 20mA): R = (Vs - Vf) / I_F.
• Shimfidar PCB:Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla ko ramukan zafi a kusa da kushin LED don taimakawa wajen watsa zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ƙididdiga.
• Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 50 tana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi. Yi la'akari da buƙatun ruwan tabarau ko mai watsawa idan ana buƙatar takamaiman tsarin haske.
• Kariyar ESD:A cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da saurin abubuwan ESD, yi la'akari da ƙara diodes na murƙushe ƙarfin lantarki na wucin gadi (TVS) ko wasu da'irori na kariya akan layukan LED.

11. Kwatanta da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

Duk da yake ba a ba da kwatanta kai tsaye da wasu samfura a cikin wannan takardar bayanin ta kanta ba, ana iya fahimtar mahimman siffofi na wannan LED:

• Fasahar Kayan Aiki:Amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlGaInP ya zama ruwan dare ga LEDs masu inganci na rawaya da amber, suna ba da haske mai kyau.
• Yin Biyayya:Yin biyayya lokaci guda ga ka'idojin RoHS, REACH, da marasa halogen fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci ga samfuran da ke niyyar kasuwanni na duniya tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli.
• Fakiti:Samuwa akan tef da reel yana sauƙaƙa haɗawa mai sauri, atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa, yana rage farashin masana'antu don samar da girma.
• Rarraba:Tsarin rarraba bayyananne (CAT, HUE, REF) yana ba da damar daidaita launi da haske a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da LEDs da yawa, wani muhimmin abu a cikin hasken baya na nuni.

12. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa ga Sigogi na Fasaha)

12.1 Menene halin aikin da ake ba da shawara?

An ƙayyade halayen lantarki da haske a IF=20mA, wanda shine daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji kuma shine matsakaicin wurin aiki da ake ba da shawara don cimma ƙayyadaddun haske da tsawon rai.

12.2 Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED a 25mA akai-akai?

Duk da yake 25mA shine Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga na Cikakke don halin yanzu mai ci gaba, ba a ba da shawarar don aikin al'ada ba. Yin aiki a matsakaicin ƙididdiga yana rage tazarar aminci, yana ƙara zafin haɗin kuma yana iya rage tsawon rai. Yi ƙira don 20mA ko ƙasa don mafi kyawun aminci.

12.3 Ta yaya zan fassara ƙimar ƙarfin hasken gani?

Matsakaicin ƙarfin hasken gani shine millicandelas 200 (mcd) a 20mA. Wannan ma'auni ne na hasken da ake gani a cikin hanyar matsakaicin fitarwa. Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar da aka tabbatar shine 100 mcd. Ƙimar ainihi don takamaiman naúrar za ta faɗi cikin kewayon da aka rarraba wanda lambar "CAT" ta nuna.

12.4 Menene ma'anar kusurwar kallo?

Kusurwar kallo na digiri 50 (cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaici) yana nufin ƙarfin haske ya kasance aƙalla rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa a cikin mazugi na digiri 50 da ke kan axis na LED. Ana iya ganin haske a waje da wannan kusurwa amma a ƙaramin ƙarfi.

12.5 Shin ana buƙatar sink ɗin zafi?

Don aiki a 20mA a matsakaicin yanayin zafi, yawanci ba a buƙatar takamaiman sink ɗin zafi don LED guda ɗaya. Duk da haka, sarrafa zafi mai kyau akan PCB (isassun kushin tagulla) yana da mahimmanci. Idan an taru LEDs da yawa, ko kuma idan yanayin yanayi yana da zafi (>~60°C), ana ba da shawarar binciken zafi da yuwuwar heatsinking.

13. Nazarin Harka na Aikace-aikace

Yanayi: Nuna Alamar Matsayi akan Na'urar Hanyar Sadarwa

Mai ƙira yana buƙatar LED mai haske, abin dogaro mai launin rawaya don nuna "Haɗin Intanet Mai Aiki" akan na'urar hanyar sadarwa ta masu amfani. Za a tuka LED kai tsaye daga filin GPIO na microcontroller na 3.3V.

1. Zaɓin Kayan Aiki:An zaɓi wannan LED saboda ƙarfin haskensa (200 mcd na yau da kullun), wanda ke tabbatar da bayyane a cikin ɗaki mai haske, da kuma bin ka'idojin muhalli da ake buƙata don kayan lantarki na masu amfani.
2. Ƙirar Da'ira:An lissafta resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu. Yin amfani da V_wadata= 3.3V, V_f= 2.0V, da kuma I_f= 20mA: R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 65 Ohms. An zaɓi mafi kusancin ƙimar daidaitaccen (68 Ohms), wanda ya haifar da ɗan ƙaramin halin yanzu (~19mA), wanda aka yarda da shi.
3. Shimfidar PCB:An sanya LED a kan allon gaba. Matsakaicin ƙafar PCB ya dace da girmen fakiti. An haɗa ƙaramin yanki na tagulla zuwa kushin cathode da anode don taimakawa wajen watsa zafi.
4. Haɗawa:Ana ba da LEDs akan tef da reel, masu dacewa da layin haɗawa ta atomatik na masana'anta. An daidaita bayanin solder na reflow don cika ƙayyadaddun matsakaicin 260°C na dakika 5.
5. Sakamako:Samfurin ƙarshe yana da fitilar nuni mai launin rawaya mai tsabta, daidaitacce wanda ke nuna matsayin hanyar sadarwa cikin aminci, yana cika duk buƙatun haske da ƙa'idodi.

14. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor na Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide (AlGaInP). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin p-n, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka zuwa yankin aiki. Haɗuwarsu yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yayi daidai da tsawon tsawon (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. A wannan yanayin, an daidaita abun da ke ciki don samar da photons a cikin yankin rawaya na bakan (~589-591 nm). Abun rufewa mai watsawa mai launin rawaya yana aiki don kare guntu na semiconductor, siffata fitowar haske (yana ba da gudummawa ga kusurwar kallo na digiri 50), da haɓaka fitar da haske daga guntu.

15. Trends na Ci gaban Fasaha

Fannin fasahar LED yana ci gaba da haɓakawa. Duk da yake wannan takardar bayanin tana wakiltar samfurin da ya balaga, gabaɗaya trends da ke tasiri irin waɗannan sassan sun haɗa da:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Ci gaba da ingantattun kayan aiki da tsarin suna nufin samar da ƙarin lumens kowace watt (ingantacciyar inganci), rage amfani da wutar lantarki don fitowar haske iri ɗaya.
• Ingantacciyar Daidaiton Launi:Ci gaba a cikin girma na epitaxial da hanyoyin rarraba suna haifar da matsakaicin tsawon tsawon da rarraba ƙarfi, suna ba da damar mafi kyawun daidaiton launi a cikin jeri.
• Ingantaccen Aminci da Tsawon Rai:Bincike ya mayar da hankali kan kayan aiki da fakiti waɗanda ke sarrafa zafi da juriya ga matsalolin muhalli, suna haifar da tsawon rayuwar aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani.
• Ƙananan Girma:Ƙoƙarin ƙananan na'urorin lantarki yana tura LEDs a cikin ƙananan fakiti yayin kiyayewa ko inganta aikin gani.
• Haɗin Kai mai Hikima:Wani babban trend ya haɗa da haɗa da'irar sarrafawa, na'urori masu auna firikwensin, ko iyawar sadarwa kai tsaye tare da fakitin LED, yana matsawa zuwa mafita na "mai hikima".