Takardar Bayani na Fitila ta LED 513SURD/S530-A3 - Ja Mai Tsananin Haske - Kallon Kusa 180° - Farashin Wutar Gaba 2.0V - Karfin Haske 20mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

513SURD/S530-A3 fitilar LED ce da aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi da ingantaccen aiki. Tana amfani da guntu na AlGaInP don samar da launin ja mai tsananin haske tare da matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman haske na farko (dominant wavelength) na 624nm. Wannan ɓangaren yana da halayensa na faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 180, wanda ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen hasken baya da na nuna alama inda faɗin ganin yake da mahimmanci.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED ɗin sun haɗa da ƙaƙƙarfan ginin sa, bin ƙa'idodin muhalli kamar RoHS, REACH, da ƙa'idodin Ba Mai Halogen, da kuma samuwa akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik. An yi niyya musamman ga kasuwar kayan lantarki na masu amfani, gami da aikace-aikace a cikin talabijin, na'urorin lura da kwamfuta, wayoyi, da kayan aikin kwamfuta gabaɗaya inda ake buƙatar nuna alamar ja mai daidaito da haske ko hasken baya.

2. Zurfin Binciken Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na gaskiya game da mahimman ma'auni na fasaha da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayani.

2.1 Madaidaicin Ma'auni na Gabaɗaya

An ƙididdige na'urar don ci gaba da wutar lantarki ta gaba (IF) na 25 mA. Wucewa wannan ƙimar na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin. Matsakaicin farashin wutar baya (VR) shine 5V. Na'urar na iya jure fitar da wutar lantarki ta electrostatic (ESD) na 2000V (Tsarin Jikin Mutum), wanda shine matakin daidaitaccen matakin don sarrafa kayan aiki na asali. Rage wutar lantarki (Pd) yana iyakance zuwa 60 mW. Kewayon zafin aiki (Topr) daga -40°C zuwa +85°C ne, kuma zafin ajiya (Tstg) ya kai +100°C. Matsakaicin zafin solder shine 260°C na dakika 5, wanda ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin sake karkatar da maras gubar.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Gani

An ƙayyade duk ma'auni a zafin haɗin gwiwa (Tj) na 25°C da wutar lantarki ta gaba na 20 mA. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske (Iv) shine millicandelas 20 (mcd). Kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2), wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa, cikakken digiri 180 ne. Tsawon raƙuman haske mafi girma (λp) yawanci 632 nm ne, yayin da tsawon raƙuman haske na farko (λd) yawanci 624 nm ne. Faɗin bakan haske (Δλ) shine 20 nm. Farashin wutar gaba (VF) yana da matsakaicin ƙimar 2.0V kuma matsakaicin 2.4V a 20mA. Wutar lantarki ta baya (IR) an ƙayyade ta da matsakaicin 10 µA a farashin wutar baya na 5V.

2.3 Rangwamen Ma'auni

Takardar bayani ta lura da muhimman rashin tabbas na ma'auni: ±0.1V don farashin wutar gaba, ±10% don ƙarfin haske, da ±1.0nm don tsawon raƙuman haske na farko. Dole ne a yi la'akari da waɗannan rangwamen yayin ƙirar da'ira da zaɓin rarrabuwa (binning) don tabbatar da cewa aikin tsarin ya cika ƙayyadaddun bayanai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarraba (binning) don rarraba raka'a bisa mahimman ma'auni na gani da na lantarki. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa kuma yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED ɗin da suka dace da buƙatun aikace-aikacensu na musamman.

3.1 Rarraba Tsawon Raƙuman Haske da Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa matakai don Tsawon Raƙuman Haske na Farko (HUE) da Ƙarfin Haske (CAT). Matsakaicin tsawon raƙuman haske na yau da kullun shine 624nm, amma ainihin raka'a za su faɗi cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon rarrabuwa (bin) a kusa da wannan ƙimar. Hakazalika, yayin da matsakaicin ƙarfin haske ya kasance 20mcd, ana rarraba ainihin raka'a zuwa rukuni (CAT) bisa ga abin da aka auna. Dole ne masu zane su tuntubi takaddun lambobin rarrabuwa (bin code) na masana'anta don zaɓar lambobin HUE da CAT masu dacewa don buƙatun daidaiton launi da haske na aikace-aikacensu.

3.2 Rarraba Farashin Wutar Gaba (Forward Voltage)

Hakanan ana rarraba raka'a ta Farashin Wutar Gaba (REF). Matsakaicin VF shine 2.0V tare da matsakaicin 2.4V. Rarraba ta farashin wutar gaba yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar da'irori masu inganci da kuma tabbatar da rarraba wutar lantarki daidai lokacin da aka haɗa LED ɗin da yawa a layi daya (parallel).

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Rarraba Bakan Haske da Jagora

LanƙwasaƘarfin Dangantaka da Tsawon Raƙuman Hasketa nuna bakan fitarwa, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da 632nm (kololuwa) tare da faɗin bakan kusan 20nm. LanƙwasaJagorata tabbatar da ganin faɗin kusurwar digiri 180 ta gani, tana nuna tsarin fitarwa kusa da na Lambert inda ƙarfin yana raguwa sannu a hankali daga tsakiya.

4.2 Halayen Lantarki da na Zazzabi

LanƙwasaWutar Lantarki ta Gaba da Farashin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)ta nuna alaƙar diode mai ma'ana. LanƙwasaƘarfin Dangantaka da Wutar Lantarki ta Gabata nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa tare da wutar lantarki amma yana iya zama ƙasa da layi a manyan wutar lantarki saboda tasirin dumama. LanƙwasaƘarfin Dangantaka da Yanayin YanayidaWutar Lantarki ta Gaba da Yanayin Yanayisun da mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi. Sun nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi ya tashi, kuma farashin wutar gaba yana da ƙimar zazzabi mara kyau (yana raguwa tare da haɓakar zafin jiki).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Zane

LED ɗin yana cikin fakitin da za'a ɗora a saman. Zanen girma ya ƙayyade tsawon, faɗin, da tsayin ɓangaren, da kuma tazarar ƙafafu da girma. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da: duk girmansu yana cikin milimita, dole ne tsayin flange ya kasance ƙasa da 1.5mm, kuma rangwamen gabaɗaya shine ±0.25mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade in ba haka ba. Yin bin waɗannan girmansu daidai yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar ƙafar PCB da haɗawa ta atomatik ta ɗauka da sanyawa.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Zanen Pad ɗin

Ana gano cathode ta hanyar alamar gani akan fakitin, kamar tsaga, ɗigo, ko gajeriyar ƙafa. Dole ne a ƙirƙira tsarin ƙasa na PCB (ƙafar) bisa ga shawarar shimfidar pad ɗin da ke cikin zanen girma don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya. Isasshen tsari tsakanin haɗin solder da ruwan tabarau na epoxy (mili 3 mafi ƙarancin) wajibi ne don hana lalacewar zafi yayin solder.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Ingantaccen sarrafawa da haɗawa yana da mahimmanci don dogaro.

6.1 Siffantar Ƙafafu da Ajiya

Idan ƙafafu suna buƙatar siffanta, dole ne a yi shi kafin solder. Dole ne lanƙwasa ya kasance aƙalla milimita 3 daga kwan fitila na epoxy don guje wa damuwa akan hatimi. Dole ne a yi yankewa a zafin jiki na daki. Yakamata a ajiye LED ɗin a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Don ajiyar dogon lokaci fiye da watanni 3, ana ba da shawarar yanayin iskar nitrogen tare da abin bushewa. Guji saurin canjin yanayin zafi a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

6.2 Ma'auni na Solder da Bayanin Yanayi

An ba da shawarar yanayin solder don duka solder na hannu da na igiyar ruwa/tsoma. Don solder na hannu: zafin ƙarshen gwangwani ≤300°C (30W matsakaici), lokaci ≤3 daƙiƙa, tare da mafi ƙarancin nisan milimita 3 daga haɗin zuwa kwan fitila. Don solder na igiyar ruwa: dumama kafin ≤100°C na ≤60 daƙiƙa, bahon solder a ≤260°C na ≤5 daƙiƙa, tare da ƙa'idar nisan milimita 3 ɗaya. Ana ba da shawarar zanen bayanin yanayin solder, wanda ke nuna haɓakar zafin jiki sannu a hankali, kololuwar 260°C, da sanyaya mai sarrafawa. Guji sanyaya cikin sauri. Kada a yi solder (tsoma ko hannu) fiye da sau ɗaya.

6.3 Tsaftacewa da Gudanar da Zazzabi

Tsaftacewa, idan ya cancanta, yakamata a yi amfani da barasa na isopropyl a zafin jiki na daki na ≤1 minti. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic sai dai idan an riga an cancanta, saboda yana iya haifar da lalacewa. Ingantaccen zamewar zafi yana da mahimmanci. Yakamata a rage wutar lantarki ta aiki bisa ga yanayin yanayi, yana kallon lanƙwasa ragewa. Sarrafa zafin jiki a kusa da LED a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye fitarwar haske da dogon lokacin dogaro.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana tattara LED ɗin a cikin jakunkunan hana wutar lantarki ta electrostatic don kariya daga ESD. Matsayin tattarawa shine: 200-500 guda a kowace jaka, jakuna 5 a cikin akwatin ciki, da akwatuna ciki 10 a cikin babban akwatin kati. Kayan tattarawa suna da juriya ga danshi.

7.2 Bayanin Alama da Lambar Samfurin

Alamun tattarawa sun haɗa da lambobi da yawa: CPN (Lambar Bangaren Abokin Ciniki), P/N (Lambar Bangaren Masana'anta: 513SURD/S530-A3), QTY (Yawa), CAT (Matsayin Ƙarfin Haske), HUE (Matsayin Tsawon Raƙuman Haske na Farko), REF (Matsayin Farashin Wutar Gaba), da LOT No. (Lambar Rukunin Ganowa).

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ɗin ya dace da masu nuna matsayi, hasken baya don maɓalli ko bangon wayoyi, da hasken gabaɗaya a cikin kayan lantarki na masu amfani. Faɗin kusurwar kallonsa ya sa ya dace musamman da aikace-aikacen da za a iya kallon LED ɗin daga kusurwoyi daban-daban, kamar a bangon gaban na'urar lura ko TV.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zane

Lokacin ƙirƙirar da'irar tuƙi, yi amfani da tushen wutar lantarki akai-akai ko na'urar iyakance wutar lantarki a jere tare da LED ɗin don kiyaye haske mai ƙarfi da hana guduwar zafi. Yi la'akari da rarrabawar farashin wutar gaba da ƙimar zazzabi. Tabbatar cewa shimfidar PCB tana ba da sauƙin zafi mai isa, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da madaidaicin ma'auni. Koyaushe a mutunta mafi ƙarancin nisa (3mm) tsakanin pad ɗin solder da ruwan tabarau na epoxy a cikin ƙirar ƙafar PCB.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin ja na yau da kullun, wannan na'urar Hyper Red AlGaInP tana ba da ingantaccen ingancin haske, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin haske don wutar lantarki ɗaya. Kallon kusa na digiri 180 ya fi yawancin LED ɗin SMD faɗi sosai, waɗanda galibi suna da kusurwoyin kallo na digiri 120-140. Wannan ya sa ya zama zaɓi mafi girma don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ganin kowane bangare. Daidaitawarsa da ƙa'idodin muhalli na zamani (RoHS, Ba Mai Halogen) shine babban abin da ya bambanta a cikin kasuwanni masu ƙa'ida.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Bisa Ma'auni na Fasaha)

10.1 Menene bambanci tsakanin tsawon raƙuman haske mafi girma (peak) da na farko (dominant)?

Tsawon raƙuman haske mafi girma (λp=632nm) shine tsawon raƙuman haske inda rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya fi girma. Tsawon raƙuman haske na farko (λd=624nm) shine tsawon raƙuman haske guda ɗaya na hasken launi ɗaya wanda ya dace da launin da ake ganin LED ɗin. Masu zane waɗanda ke damuwa da fahimtar launi yakamata su mai da hankali kan tsawon raƙuman haske na farko.

10.2 Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED ɗin a 25mA akai-akai?

Yayin da 25mA shine madaidaicin ma'auni na gabaɗaya, halayen lantarki da na gani an ƙayyade su a 20mA. Don aiki mai dogaro na dogon lokaci da kuma la'akari da hawan zafin jiki, yana da kyau a tuka LED ɗin a ko ƙasa da 20mA, yin amfani da ragewa mai dacewa idan yanayin yanayi yana da zafi.

10.3 Yaya mahimmanci ƙa'idar mafi ƙarancin nisan milimita 3 don solder?

Yana da matukar mahimmanci. Yin solder kusa da milimita 3 zuwa kwan fitilar epoxy na iya canja wurin zafi mai yawa zuwa cikin guntu na ciki da haɗin waya, yana iya haifar da gazawar nan take ko lalacewar hatimin epoxy na dogon lokaci, wanda ke haifar da raguwar dogaro da gazawa da wuri.

11. Aikin Zane da Amfani na Ainihi

Halin: Zanen Bangon Nuna Matsayi don Na'urar Hanyar Sadarwa ta Intanet

Mai zane yana buƙatar LED ɗin ja masu haske da yawa waɗanda za a iya gani daga kowane bangare na na'urar hanyar sadarwa. An zaɓi 513SURD/S530-A3 saboda kusurwar kallonsa na digiri 180 da launin Hyper Red. An ƙirƙiri da'irar tuƙi ta wutar lantarki akai-akai don ba da 18mA ga kowane LED (an rage daga 20mA don gefe). An ƙirƙiri ƙafar PCB daidai da zanen girma, yana tabbatar da tazarar milimita 3.5 tsakanin gefen pad ɗin solder da wurin sanyawa LED. An yi odar LED ɗin daga rarrabuwar HUE da CAT ɗaya don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a ko'ina cikin bangon. Bayan haɗawa ta amfani da shawarar bayanin yanayin sake karkatarwa, masu nuna alama suna ba da ganin faɗin kusurwoyi mai daidaito.

12. Gabatar da Ƙa'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ɗin ya dogara ne akan guntu na semiconductor na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da farashin wutar gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka zuwa yankin aiki na semiconductor. Sun sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kuma ya ayyana tsawon raƙuman hasken da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, a cikin bakan Hyper Red (~624nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy yana rufe guntu, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, kuma yana siffanta fitarwar haske don cimma kusurwar kallo da ake so na digiri 180.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Fasahar AlGaInP ta balaga kuma tana da inganci sosai don samar da LED ɗin ja, orange, da rawaya. Trends a cikin LED ɗin nuna alama da hasken baya yana zuwa ga ƙarin inganci (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace watt), ƙananan fakitoci, da faɗaɗa kusurwoyin kallo. Wannan na'urar ta yi daidai da trend don faɗin kusurwoyin kallo. Bugu da ƙari, ƙungiyar masana'antu gabaɗaya don bin ƙa'idodin muhalli yana bayyana a cikin cancantarsa ta RoHS, REACH, da Ba Mai Halogen. Ci gaba na gaba na iya mayar da hankali kan ƙarin inganci da haɗawa tare da tuƙi masu hankali, amma don aikace-aikacen nuna alama na yau da kullun, abubuwan da suka dogara kamar wannan sun kasance na asali.