Takardar Tsarin Rayuwar Kayan LED - Sake Dubawa Na 2 - Ranar Saki 2014-12-05 - Cikakken Bayanin Fasaha

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takardar fasaha tana ba da cikakken bayani game da matsayin tsarin rayuwa da tarihin sake dubawa na wani takamaiman kayan LED. Babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali a kai shi ne bayyana a hukumance matsayin sake dubawa na yanzu na kayan, tsarin lokacin sakin sa, da kuma lokacin ingancin da ke da alaƙa. Fahimtar wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci ga injiniyoyi, ƙwararrun sayayya, da ƙungiyoyin tabbatar da inganci don tabbatar da amfani da ingantaccen sigar kayan da aka ba da izini a cikin ƙirar su da hanyoyin samarwa. Takardar tana aiki azaman rikodin a hukumance na matsayin takardar bayanan fasaha na kayan.

Babban fa'idar kiyaye irin wannan cikakken takardun tsarin rayuwa shine bin diddigin bayanai da sarrafa siga. Yana ba wa duk masu ruwa da tsaki a cikin sarkar wadata damar komawa ga takamaiman ƙayyadaddun da suka yi aiki a lokacin ƙira ko sayayya. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya don wannan bayanin ta haɗa da masu kera kayan aikin asali (OEMs), gidajen ƙira na lantarki, da masu ba da sabis na bayan kasuwa waɗanda ke buƙatar tabbacin daidaito a cikin aikin kayan da ƙayyadaddun bayanai a tsawon rayuwar samfurin.

2. Bayanan Tsarin Rayuwa da Sake Dubawa

Takardar ta maimaita kuma a kai a kai tana ƙayyadad da saiti ɗaya, mai mahimmanci na wuraren bayanai game da matsayin a hukumance na kayan.

2.1 Matakin Tsarin Rayuwa

An bayyanaMatakin Tsarin Rayuwaa sarari a matsayinSake Dubawa. Wannan yana nuna cewa kayan da takardunsa masu alaƙa suna cikin yanayin ci gaba ko ingantawa. Matakin 'Sake Dubawa' yawanci yana biye da sakin farko kuma ya haɗa da canje-canje, waɗanda zasu iya kasancewa daga ƙananan gyare-gyaren rubutu a cikin takardar bayanai zuwa ƙarin ingantattun sabuntawa a cikin yanayin aiki da aka ba da shawarar, hanyoyin gwaji, ko halayen aiki. Yana nuna cewa wannan ba daftarin aiki ba ne ko kuma takarda da ta tsufa, amma sigar da ake kula da ita aiki.

2.2 Lambar Sake Dubawa

An ƙayyade lambar sake dubawa a matsayin22. Wannan lambar tantancewa tana da mahimmanci don bin diddigin ci gaban ƙayyadaddun kayan. Sake Dubawa Na 2 yana nuna akwai aƙalla sigar da aka saki a baya (Sake Dubawa Na 1). Canje-canjen da aka haɗa a cikin Sake Dubawa Na 2 yakamata a yi cikakken bayani a cikin sashen tarihin sake dubawa, wanda, ko da yake ba ya cikin abin da aka ba da, wani ɓangare ne na ƙa'idar cikakken takardun fasaha. Dole ne injiniyoyi koyaushe su tabbatar suna amfani da sabon sake dubawa don cin gajiyar mafi inganci da sabbin bayanai.

2.3 Ranar Saki da Karewa

An rubutaRanar Sakidaidai a matsayin2014-12-05 12:02:39.0. Wannan alamar lokaci tana ba da takamaiman wurin tunani don lokacin da aka fitar da wannan takamaiman sake dubawa (Sake Dubawa Na 2) a hukumance kuma aka samar da shi don amfani.

An ayyanaLokacin Ƙarewaa matsayinHar Abada. Wannan wani muhimmin alama ce. Yana nufin cewa bayanan fasaha da ke cikin wannan sake dubawa ba su da ƙayyadaddun ranar ƙarshen rayuwa don ingancinsu daga mahangar mai bugawa. Ana ɗaukar ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna aiki har abada sai dai idan wani sabon sake dubawa ya maye gurbinsu. Duk da haka, 'Har Abada' a cikin wannan mahallin yana shafi ingancin takardar, ba lallai ba ne samuwar samar da ainihin kayan, wanda ke ƙarƙashin sarrafa tsarin rayuwar samfur daban.

3. Ma'auni da Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha

Yayin da abin da aka ba da na PDF ya mai da hankali kan metadata, cikakkiyar takardar bayanan fasaha don kayan LED za ta ƙunshi sassa masu mahimmanci da yawa. Mai zuwa shine cikakken bayanin ma'auni da aka saba samu a cikin irin wannan takarda, waɗanda aka nuna an ƙayyade su a cikin wannan sake dubawa.

3.1 Halayen Haske da Launi

Wannan sashe yana ƙayyadad da fitowar haske da ingancin LED ta ƙididdiga. Muhimman ma'auni sun haɗa da:

• Juyin Haske:Jimillar hasken da LED ke fitarwa, wanda aka auna a cikin lumens (lm). Ana gabatar da wannan sau da yawa tare da mafi ƙanƙanta, na yau da kullun, da matsakaicin ƙimomi a takamaiman gwajin halin yanzu.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Zango / Yanayin Zafin Jiki Mai Alaka (CCT):Ga LED masu launi, matsakaicin tsawon zango (a cikin nanometers) yana ƙayyadad da launin da ake gani. Ga fararen LED, CCT (a cikin Kelvin, misali, 3000K dumi fari, 6500K sanyi fari) yana bayyana bayyanar launi.
• Fihirisar Nuna Launi (CRI):Ga fararen LED, CRI (Ra) yana nuna yadda tushen haske ke bayyana ainihin launukan abubuwa daidai idan aka kwatanta da hasken tunani na halitta. Mafi girman CRI (kusa da 100) yana da kyau ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fahimtar launi daidai.
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Tsawon kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya kasance aƙalla rabin matsakaicin ƙarfi, wanda aka auna a cikin digiri.

3.2 Ma'aunin Lantarki

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ƙayyadad da yanayin aikin lantarki na LED.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Vf):Faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da aka yi amfani da takamaiman halin yanzu na gaba. Yawanci ana ba da shi azaman kewayon (misali, 2.8V zuwa 3.4V) a gwajin halin yanzu kamar 20mA ko 150mA, dangane da ƙarfi.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (If):Shawarar ci gaba da DC halin yanzu don aiki na yau da kullun. Wucewa matsakaicin ƙimar cikakken zai iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (Vr):Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da LED zai iya jurewa lokacin da aka haɗa shi cikin karkatar da baya ba tare da rushewa ba. Wannan yawanci ƙima ce kaɗan (misali, 5V).

3.3 Halayen Zafi

Aikin LED da tsawon rayuwa sun dogara sosai akan zafin haɗuwa.

• Juriya na Thermal (Rth j-s):Juriya ga kwararar zafi daga haɗuwar LED zuwa wurin solder ko akwati. Ƙananan ƙima yana nuna mafi kyawun ikon watsar da zafi.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Haɗuwa (Tj max):Mafi girman zafin da aka yarda a haɗuwar semiconductor. Yin aiki sama da wannan iyaka yana rage tsawon rayuwa sosai kuma yana iya haifar da gazawar nan take.

4. Tsarin Rarrabe da Rarraba

Saboda bambance-bambancen masana'antu, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon aiki. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukuni.

• Rarraba Juyin Haske:Ana rarraba LED bisa ga ƙimar fitowar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji.
• Rarraba Launi:Ga fararen LED, wannan ya haɗa da rarrabuwa bisa CCT kuma wani lokaci a cikin kwandon CCT bisa ga madaidaicin madaidaicin launi (misali, MacAdam ellipses). Ga LED masu launi, yana dogara ne akan matsakaicin tsawon zango.
• Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba:Rarrabuwa bisa kewayon Vf don tabbatar da daidaiton halayen lantarki a cikin da'irori masu kama da juna.

5. Binciken Lankwasa Ayyuka

Bayanan hoto suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen kayan a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

• Lankwasa I-V (Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Lantarki):Yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. Ba layi daya bane, halayen diode.
• Juyin Haske Mai Alaka vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba:Yana nuna yadda fitowar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, yawanci a cikin yanki na layi daya kafin inganci ya ragu a manyan halayen yanzu.
• Juyin Haske Mai Alaka vs. Zafin Haɗuwa:Yana nuna raguwar fitowar haske yayin da zafin haɗuwar LED ya tashi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sarrafa zafi.
• Rarraba Ƙarfin Bakan (SPD):Zane mai zana ƙarfin hasken da ake fitarwa a kowane tsawon zango, yana ƙayyadad da halayen launi.

6. Bayanan Injiniya da Kunshin

Wannan sashe yana ba da girman jiki da cikakkun bayanan haɗawa.

• Zanen Tsarin Kunshin:Cikakken zane tare da duk mahimman girma (tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, tazarar jagora) da juriya.
• Tsarin Pad (Sawun Ƙafa):Shawarar tsarin tagulla akan farantin da'ira (PCB) don solder, gami da shawarwarin maskar solder da man solder.
• Tantance Polariti:Bayyanannen alamar anode da cathode, yawanci ta hanyar tsaga, yanke kusurwa, ko alama akan kunshin.

7. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Haɗawa daidai yana da mahimmanci don dogaro.

• Bayanan Solder na Reflow:Zane na lokaci-zafin jiki wanda ke ƙayyadad da yanayin dumama da aka ba da shawarar, jiƙa, sake kwarara, da matakan sanyaya. Ya haɗa da iyakokin matsakaicin zafin jiki don guje wa lalata kunshin LED ko guda na ciki.
• Umarnin Solder da Hannu:Idan ya dace, jagororin don zafin ƙarfe, girman tip, da matsakaicin lokacin solder kowace jagora.
• Tsaftacewa da Sarrafawa:Kariya game da hankalin fitar da wutar lantarki (ESD) da amfani da kaushi masu dacewa da kayan ruwan tabarau na LED.
• Yanayin Ajiya:Shawarar kewayon zafin jiki da zafi don adana kayayyaki kafin amfani.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka Lokacin Ɗauki

Wannan sashe yana fassara ƙayyadaddun bayanai zuwa shawarar ƙira mai amfani.

• Da'irori na Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun:Tsare-tsare da ke nuna LED da tushen halin yanzu mai dorewa ke tuka, sau da yawa tare da resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu na jeri don sauƙaƙan tuƙi DC.
• Gudanar da Thermal:Cikakken jagora akan ƙirar PCB don nutsewar zafi, kamar amfani da thermal vias, isasshen yanki na tagulla, da yuwuwar PCB mai tushen ƙarfe don aikace-aikacen ƙarfi mai girma.
• Abubuwan Duban Gani:Shawara akan na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu watsawa) da tasirin kusurwar dubawa akan tsarin hasken ƙarshe.
• Dushewa da Bugun Jini:Bayanai game da dacewa tare da dushewar faɗin bugun jini (PWM) da kowane iyakoki game da matsakaicin bugun jini ko mitar.

9. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Magance tambayoyin gama gari bisa ma'auni na fasaha.

• Q: Zan iya sarrafa LED a mafi girman halin yanzu don ƙarin haske?A: Yin aiki sama da ƙayyadaddun matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba zai ƙara fitowar haske na ɗan lokaci amma zai rage tsawon rayuwa sosai, haifar da canjin launi, kuma yana iya haifar da gazawa mai ban tsoro. Koyaushe ku bi yanayin aiki da aka ba da shawarar.
• Q: Me ya sa sarrafa zafi yake da mahimmanci ga LED?Q: Me ya sa sarrafa zafi yake da mahimmanci ga LED?
• Q: Menene ma'anar lokacin ƙarewa 'Har Abada'?A: Yana nuna cewa ƙayyadaddun bayanan fasaha a cikin wannan sake dubawa na takarda ba su da iyakacin lokaci. Sun kasance cikakken tunani don wannan sigar kayan. Duk da haka, don samarwa da samo, dole ne ku tuntubi sanarwar daban game da tsawon rayuwar samfur, tsufa, da kwanakin sayan ƙarshe.

10. Sarrafa Sake Dubawa da Ingantaccen Takarda

Layukan da aka maimaita a cikin abin da aka ba da na PDF sun jaddada wata mahimman ƙa'ida a cikin takardun fasaha: bayyanannen bayyana ainihin takarda da matsayinta. Kowane misali na "Matakin Tsarin Rayuwa: Sake Dubawa : 2" da "Ranar Saki: 2014-12-05" yana aiki azaman alamar ruwa, yana tabbatar da cewa kowane shafi da aka buga ko kwafi za a iya gano shi zuwa daidai sake dubawa. Wannan yana hana amfani da ƙayyadaddun bayanai da suka tsufa ko kuskure, wanda wani muhimmin al'amari ne na sarrafa inganci a cikin masana'antar lantarki. Dole ne injiniyoyi koyaushe su tabbatar da waɗannan cikakkun bayanai na kai/ƙafa a kowane shafi na takardar bayanai kafin a ƙare ƙira.