Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyanar Samfur
- 1.1 Siffofi
- 1.2 Aikace-aikace
- 2. Sigogin Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Gani
- 2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarfi
- 3. Tsarin Raba Rago
- 3.1 Ragowar Hasken Hasken (IF=20mA)
- 3.2 Ragowar Ƙarfin Gaba (IF=20mA)
- 3.3 Ragowar Launi (IF=20mA, Ta=25°C)
- 4. Ƙididdigar Halayen Gani na Yau da Kullun
- 4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-13)
- 4.2 Ƙarfin Gaba da Matsayin Haske (Hoto 1-14)
- 4.3 Zafin Walda da Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-15)
- 4.4 Rarraba Bakan (Hoto 1-16)
- 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
- 5.1 Girman Kunshin
- 5.2 Girman Tef ɗin Jigilar Kaya
- 5.3 Reel da Lakabi
- 5.4 Marufin Kariya daga Danshi
- 6. Aminci da Gwaji
- 6.1 Abubuwan Gwajin Aminci
- 6.2 Ma'aunin Rashin Aiki
- 7. Umarnin Walda ta SMT
- 7.1 Ƙarfe na Walda
- 7.2 Gyara
- 8. Kariya ta Kula
- Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
- Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
- Ma'auni na Lantarki
- Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
- Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
- Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
- Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
1. Bayyanar Samfur
LT264WH wani nau'in fitar LED ne mai haske fari da aka yi ta amfani da guntun shudi tare da rufin phosphor. Girman kunshin shine 2.6mm x 0.6mm x 0.4mm, wanda ya sa ya zama kunshin PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) mai ƙarami wanda ya dace da hanyoyin haɗa SMT (Surface-Mount Technology). Wannan LED yana ba da kusurwar kallo mai fadi na digiri 120, yana tabbatar da rarraba haske daidai a yankin da ake son haskakawa. An tsara shi don amfani kamar haskaka LCD da nunin wayoyin hannu. Samfurin ya bi ka'idodin RoHS kuma yana da matakin hankali na danshi na 3, yana buƙatar kulawa da kyau don hana shan danshi.
1.1 Siffofi
- Kunshin PLCC don saukin haɗa SMT
- Kusurwar kallo mai fadi (digiri 120)
- Ya dace da duk hanyoyin haɗa SMT da aikin walda
- Ana samunsa a cikin marufin tef da reel don sanyawa ta atomatik
- Matsayin hankali na danshi: Mataki 3
- Ya bi ka'idodin RoHS
1.2 Aikace-aikace
- Haskaka LCD
- Haskaka wayoyin hannu
2. Sigogin Fasaha
Duk halayen lantarki da na gani ana auna su a yanayin zafi na 25°C sai dai idan an bayyana akasin haka. Ana saita ƙarfin gaba zuwa 20 mA don ma'auni na yau da kullun.
2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Gani
| Siga | Alama | Yanayin Gwaji | Mafi ƙanƙanta | Matsakaici | Mafi girma | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin Gaba | VF | IF=20mA | - | 2.8 | - | V |
| Ƙarfin Koma baya | IR | VR=5V | - | - | 1 | µA |
| Hasken Hasken | Iv | IF=20mA | - | 2850 | - | mcd |
| Kusurwar Kallo | 2θ1/2 | IF=20mA | - | 120 | - | deg |
2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarfi
Dole ne a guji wuce matsakaicin matsayin ƙarfi yayin aiki don hana lalacewar na'urar.
| Siga | Alama | Matsayi | Naúrar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin Gaba | IF | 30 | mA |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba na Tsaro (1/10 aiki, bugun 0.1ms) | IFP | 100 | mA |
| Ƙarfin Koma baya | VR | 5 | V |
| Ciyarwar Lantarki (HBM) | ESD | 2000 | V |
| Zafin Haɗin LED | Tj | 105 | °C |
| Zafin Aiki | TOPR | -30 ~ +85 | °C |
| Zafin Adanawa | TSTG | -40 ~ +100 | °C |
Hakurin ma'auni: Ƙarfin gaba ±0.03V, Haɗin launi ±0.003, Hasken haske ±3% (duka a IF=20mA, Ta=25°C). Dole ne a kula cewa watsawar wutar lantarki ba ta wuce matsakaicin matsayin ƙarfi ba. Ya kamata a ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin aiki bayan auna zafin kunshin don tabbatar da cewa zafin haɗin ya kasance ƙasa da iyakar.
3. Tsarin Raba Rago
Ana raba LT264WH LED zuwa rago don hasken haske, ƙarfin gaba, da haɗin launi don tabbatar da daidaito a aikace.
3.1 Ragowar Hasken Hasken (IF=20mA)
Ana rarraba hasken haske daga 2150 mcd zuwa 3750 mcd a cikin rago da yawa, kowanne yana da kewayon 100 mcd. Ana yi wa rago lakabi daga 30 zuwa 45, tare da ƙimar haske mai dacewa a cikin lumens (lm). Misali, Rago 30 ya ƙunshi 2150-2250 mcd da 6.00-6.25 lm, yayin da Rago 45 ya ƙunshi 3650-3750 mcd da 9.75-10.0 lm.
3.2 Ragowar Ƙarfin Gaba (IF=20mA)
Ana raba ƙarfin gaba daga 2.7V zuwa 3.3V a matakai na 0.1V. Ana yi wa rago lakabi V0 (2.7-2.8V), V1 (2.8-2.9V), V2 (2.9-3.0V), V3 (3.0-3.1V), V4 (3.1-3.2V), da V5 (3.2-3.3V).
3.3 Ragowar Launi (IF=20mA, Ta=25°C)
Ana samun LED a cikin rago na launi da yawa da aka ayyana ta hanyar haɗin launi na CIE 1931. Ana haɗa rago a cikin jerin launuka da yawa: L0-L10, T0-T10, H1-H10, LA00-LB00-LC-LD-LE-LF-LG-LH-LI-LJ-LA-LB, LR1-LR10, TB0-TB5, LH1-LH8, O1-O7, LB20-LB2-LD2-LF2-K1-K5, da sauransu. Kowanne rago ana bayyana shi ta hanyar yanki mai kusurwa huɗu akan zanen launi. Ana bayar da haɗin kowane rago a Tebur 1-6, 1-8, 1-10, da 1-12. Rashin tabbas na ma'aunin haɗin launi shine ±0.003. Sabon rago mai fari yana nufin amfani da ƙaramin ma'aunin haskaka baya.
4. Ƙididdigar Halayen Gani na Yau da Kullun
Ƙididdigar da ke gaba tana nuna halayen yau da kullun na LT264WH LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban. Duk bayanan an tattara su a 25°C sai dai idan an bayyana akasin haka.
4.1 Ƙarfin Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-13)
Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin gaba da ƙarfin gaba. Yayin da ƙarfin gaba ya ƙaru daga 0 zuwa 60 mA, ƙarfin gaba yana tashi daga kusan 0V zuwa kusan 3.0V. A matsakaicin gwajin ƙarfin gaba na 20 mA, ƙarfin gaba yana kusan 2.8V.
4.2 Ƙarfin Gaba da Matsayin Haske (Hoto 1-14)
Matsayin haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfin gaba. A 20 mA matsakaicin haske yana daidaitawa zuwa 1.0; a 40 mA yana kusan 1.8; a 60 mA yana kaiwa kusan 2.5. Wannan yana nuna cewa fitarwar ba ta daidaita ba amma tana nuna ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi a manyan ƙarfi.
4.3 Zafin Walda da Ƙarfin Gaba (Hoto 1-15)
Wannan lanƙwasa tana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba da aka yarda a matsayin aikin zafin filin walda. Don kiyaye zafin haɗin ƙasa da 105°C, dole ne a rage ƙarfin gaba yayin da zafin yanayi ko walda ya ƙaru. Misali, a zafin walda na 25°C, matsakaicin ƙarfin shine 30 mA, yayin da a 100°C yana ragewa zuwa kusan 10 mA.
4.4 Rarraba Bakan (Hoto 1-16)
Bakan yana nuna matsakaicin haske da tsawon raƙuman ruwa. LED mai haske fari yana da bakan mai faɗi wanda ya ƙunshi kewayon gani, tare da kololuwa a yankin shudi (kusan 450 nm) daga guntun da kuma fitar ruwan rawaya mai faɗi daga phosphor, yana haifar da haske fari tare da matsakaicin zafin launi (CCT) a cikin kewayon 5000K-7000K dangane da rago.
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Marufi
5.1 Girman Kunshin
Kunshin yana da girman tsawon 2.6 mm, faɗin 0.6 mm, da tsayin 0.4 mm. Duk girman suna cikin millimita kuma hakurin shine ±0.1 mm sai dai idan an bayyana akasin haka.
5.2 Girman Tef ɗin Jigilar Kaya
Tef ɗin jigilar LED yana da faɗin 8.00 mm da taki na 4.00 mm. Maɓallan girman sun haɗa da: A0=0.85 mm, B0=2.80 mm, K0=0.55 mm, D0=1.60 mm, D1=0.60 mm, E=1.75 mm, F=3.50 mm, P0=4.00 mm, P1=4.00 mm, P2=2.00 mm, T=0.20 mm. Hakurin shine ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an bayyana.
5.3 Reel da Lakabi
Ana marufi LED a kan reel mai ƙunshe da guda 5000 a kowane reel. Lakabin ya haɗa da: Lambar Bangare, Lambar Rago, Hasken Haske (IV), Ƙarfin Gaba (VF), Lambar Tsawon Raƙuman Ruwa (WL), Yawa (QTY), Kwanan wata, da Lambar Rukunin.
5.4 Marufin Kariya daga Danshi
Ana rufe LED a cikin jakar hana danshi tare da busasshiyar sinadari da katin nuna danshi. Da zarar an buɗe jakar, dole ne a yi amfani da LED a cikin sa'o'i 24 idan an adana su a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH; in ba haka ba, ana buƙatar gasa a 60°C na akalla sa'o'i 24.
6. Aminci da Gwaji
6.1 Abubuwan Gwajin Aminci
LED ya ci jarrabawar aminci masu zuwa: Walda ta sake zubarwa (260°C max, 10 sec), Girgizar zafi (-40°C zuwa 100°C, zagaye 100), Adana zafi mai girma (100°C, 1000 hrs), Adana zafi mara kyau (-40°C, 1000 hrs), Gwajin Rayuwa (25°C, IF=20mA, 1000 hrs), Adana zafi da danshi mai girma (60°C/90%RH, 1000 hrs), da Rayuwar Aiki da Zafi da Danshi (60°C/90%RH, IF=15mA, 500 hrs). Duk gwaje-gwaje an gudanar da su da girman samfurin 20 pcs da ma'aunin karɓa na 0/1.
6.2 Ma'aunin Rashin Aiki
Ana ɗaukar na'urar ta gaza idan: Ƙarfin gaba ya ƙaru da fiye da sau 1.1 na matsakaicin matakin sama (U.S.L.), ƙarfin koma baya ya wuce sau 2.0 na U.S.L., ko haske ya faɗi ƙasa da sau 0.7 na matsakaicin matakin ƙasa (L.S.L.).
7. Umarnin Walda ta SMT
Shawarar yanayin walda ta sake zubarwa shine kamar haka: Preheating daga 160°C zuwa 260°C na daƙiƙa 60-120; ƙimar hawan sama na max 5°C/s; lokaci sama da 217°C (tL) ya kamata ya kasance daƙiƙa 60-120; matsakaicin zafin (TP) na 260°C tare da iyakar tsawon daƙiƙa 10 a cikin 5°C na TP; ƙimar sanyaya max 6°C/s; jimlar lokaci daga 25°C zuwa TP bai kamata ya wuce mintuna 8 ba. Kada a yi walda ta sake zubarwa fiye da sau biyu. Idan fiye da sa'o'i 24 sun shuɗi tsakanin ayyukan walda guda biyu, LED na iya lalacewa saboda shan danshi. Kada a sanya damuwa a kan ruwan tabarau na silicone yayin dumama.
7.1 Ƙarfe na Walda
Ya kamata a yi walda da hannu a zafin da ke ƙasa da 300°C na ƙasa da daƙiƙa 3, kuma sau ɗaya kawai.
7.2 Gyara
Ba a ba da shawarar gyara bayan walda ba. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da ƙarfe na walda mai kai biyu kuma a tabbatar a gaba cewa halayen LED ba za su lalace ba.
8. Kariya ta Kula
- Yanayin aikin LED da abubuwan haɗin dole ne su kasance da abun ciki na sulfur ƙasa da 100 ppm (bayani kawai, ba garanti ba).
- Don hana gurɓata, dole ne abun ciki guda ɗaya na bromine da chlorine a cikin abubuwan waje ya kasance ƙasa da 900 ppm kowanne, kuma jimlar bromine da chlorine dole ne ya zama ƙasa da 1500 ppm.
- Hadin kwayoyin halitta (VOCs) daga kayan kayan aiki na iya shiga cikin rufin silicone kuma su haifar da canza launi a ƙarƙashin zafi da haske. Ana ba da shawarar gwada duk kayan don dacewa. A guji manne da ke fitar da tururin kwayoyin halitta.
- Riƙe abubuwa da ƙarfe daga gefe; Kada a taɓa fuskar ruwan tabarau na silicone kai tsaye.
- Tsara da'irori don kiyaye ƙarfin gaba ƙasa da matsakaicin matsayin ƙarfi kuma a haɗa resistor kariya don hana haɓakar ƙarfi daga canjin wutar lantarki. Kada a taɓa amfani da ƙarfin koma baya.
- Tsarin zafi yana da mahimmanci. Haɓaka zafi yana rage inganci kuma yana canza launi. Tabbatar da isasshen watsawar zafi.
- Tsaftacewa: Yi amfani da isopropyl alcohol don tsaftacewa idan ya cancanta. Sauran abubuwan wanki ba dole ne su lalata kunshin ba. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba.
- Adanawa: Kafin buɗe jakar da aka rufe, adana a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH har zuwa shekara ɗaya. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 24 a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Idan yanayin adanawa ya wuce, gasa a 60°C na fiye da sa'o'i 24 bayan buɗewa.
- LED suna da hankali ga ciyarwar lantarki (ESD) da wuce gona da iri na lantarki (EOS). Dole ne a aiwatar da ingantattun matakan kariya na ESD yayin riƙewa da haɗawa.
Wannan takardar bayanin fasaha ta dogara ne akan ƙayyadaddun LT264WH. Ana ba da duk bayanai don tunani kuma ba su zama garanti ko tabbacin aiki a kowane aikace-aikace na musamman ba. Ya kamata abokan ciniki su tabbatar da dacewa don amfanin da suke so.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |