Bayanin Fasaha na LED 3020 - Girman 3.0x2.0mm - Karfin Wutar Lantarki 6.6V - Wutar 0.5W - Farin Sanyi/Matsakaici/Dumi - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

Bayanin Samfur

Jerin 3020 yana wakiltar mafita na LED mai matsakaicin ƙarfi wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen haske na gaba ɗaya, yana ba da ma'auni mafi kyau tsakanin ingancin haske, inganci farashi, da aminci. An ƙera shi a cikin kunshin Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) mai haɗaka zafi, wannan LED an ƙera shi don ba da aiki mai daidaito a cikin ƙaramin ƙafa na 3.0mm x 2.0mm. Jerin yana da halayen sa na babban lumen-kowace-watt da lumen-kowace-dalar, wanda ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai ƙarfi don zanen haske masu buƙatar farashi amma masu son inganci.

Matsayin ƙwayar wannan samfurin yana cikin kasuwannin sake gyara da sabbin gine-ginen haske na gaba ɗaya, gami da aikace-aikacen cikin gida da na waje. Babban fa'idodinsa sun samo asali ne daga kayan kunshin EMC, wanda ke ba da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi idan aka kwatanta da robobi na gargajiya, yana ba da damar tuƙin ƙarfi mafi girma da ingantaccen tsawon rai. An ƙididdige LED don ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 0.5W amma ana iya tuƙa shi har zuwa 0.8W a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi da ya dace, yana ba da sassauci na zane.

Kasuwannin da aka yi niyya sun ƙunshi fannoni daban-daban na haske: maye gurbin kai tsaye na fitilun incandescent da na fluorescent na gargajiya a cikin ayyukan sake gyara, tushen haske na farko don hasken gida da na kasuwanci gaba ɗaya, hasken baya don alamar, da gine-gine ko kayan ado inda ingancin launi da aminci suka fi muhimmanci.

Cikakken Nazarin Sigogin Fasaha

Halayen Haske da Launi

An ƙayyade aikin lantarki-optical a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji na zafin yanayi 25°C da zafi na 60% a ƙarfin tuƙi na 80mA. Iyalin samfurin yana ba da zaɓuƙin Zafin Launi Mai Alaƙa (CCT) daga Farin Dumi (2725K) zuwa Farin Sanyi (7040K), wanda aka yi cikakken bayani a cikin teburin zaɓin samfur. Duk bambance-bambancen suna riƙe da mafi ƙarancin Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI ko Ra) na 80, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen amincin launi don hasken gaba ɗaya. Matsakaicin ƙimar haske yana kewayo daga lumen 54 zuwa lumen 66 a 80mA, dangane da rukunin CCT. Yana da mahimmanci a lura da ƙididdigar ma'auni da aka bayyana: ±7% don ƙimar haske da ±2 don CRI. An samo CCT daga zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931.

Sigogin Lantarki da Zafi

Mahimman sigogin lantarki suna ayyana iyakar aikin LED. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) shine 6.6V a 80mA, tare da jurewar ±0.1V. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba shine 120mA, tare da ƙimar ƙarfin bugun jini (IFP) na 200mA don bugun jini ≤100µs da cikakken zagayowar aiki ≤1/10. An ƙayyade matsakaicin raguwar wutar lantarki (PD) a matsayin 816mW. Ƙarfin jurewar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya (VR) shine 5V.

Aikin zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aminci. Juriya na zafi daga haɗin zuwa wurin solder (RθJ-SP) yawanci shine 21°C/W. Wannan siga yana haɗa kai tsaye zafin haɗin aiki da zafin allon. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin da aka yarda (Tj) shine 115°C. Na'urar tana da faɗin kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) na digiri 110, yana ba da rarraba haske mai faɗi, mai daidaito. Kariyar fitar da tashin hankali (ESD) ya yi daidai da ƙirar ƙirar Mutum (HBM) har zuwa 1000V.

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Iyaka

Bin Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Iyaka ba shi da sasantawa ga amincin na'urar. Wuce wa waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Ƙididdiga sune: Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (IF): 120mA; Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba na Bugun Jini (IFP): 200mA; Ragewar Wutar Lantarki (PD): 816mW; Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (VR): 5V; Zafin Aiki (Topr): -40°C zuwa +85°C; Zafin Ajiya (Tstg): -40°C zuwa +85°C; Zafin Haɗi (Tj): 115°C; Zafin Solder (Tsld): 230°C ko 260°C na dakika 10 (dogaro da bayanin sake kwarara).

Bayani kan Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Rarraba Launi / Zafin Launi (CCT)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin rukunonin launi daidai don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin kayan haske. Tsarin rarraba don daidaitawar launi yana bin tsarin elliptical akan zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931. Kowane rukunin (misali, 27M5, 30M5) an ayyana shi ta wurin tsakiyar batu (daidaitawar x, y), babban axis na rabi (a), ƙananan axis na rabi (b), da kusurwar juyawa (Φ). Tsarin yana daidaitawa da buƙatun Shirin Tauraro mai ƙarfi don kewayon 2600K zuwa 7000K. Rashin tabbas na ma'auni don daidaitawar launi shine ±0.007. Wannan matsanancin rarraba yana rage bambance-bambancen launi da ake iya gani tsakanin LED ɗin ɗaya ɗaya a cikin jeri.

Rarrawar Yawan Haske (Luminous Flux)

Don sarrafa daidaiton haske, ana rarraba LED ɗin kuma bisa ga fitar da haske a 80mA. Ana rarraba hasken zuwa lambobi (E7, E8, E9, F1), kowanne yana wakiltar takamaiman kewayon lumen (misali, E8: 58-62 lm, E9: 62-66 lm, F1: 66-70 lm). Rukunin hasken da ya dace don wani LED ya dogara da rukunin launinsa. Wannan rarraba mai girma biyu (launi da haske) yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED ɗin da ya dace da buƙatun launi da haske na aikace-aikacensu.

Rarrawar Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage)

An rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa rukunoni uku don taimakawa wajen ƙirar tuƙi da daidaita halin yanzu a cikin igiyoyi masu kai tsaye. Rukunonin sune: Lamba C (5.5V - 6.0V), Lamba D (6.0V - 6.5V), da Lamba E (6.5V - 7.0V), an auna su a 80mA tare da jurewar ±0.1V. Zaɓar LED ɗin daga rukunin wutar lantarki guda ɗaya na iya taimakawa tabbatar da mafi daidaitaccen rarraba halin yanzu da aikin zafi a cikin tsarin LED da yawa.

Nazarin Lakatunan Aiki

Takardun bayanin yana ba da jadawali da yawa masu mahimmanci don nazarin zane. Zanen Rarraba Spectral na Dangantaka yana nuna bakan fitarwa, wanda ya zama al'ada ga LED farin da aka canza phosphor, tare da kololuwar famfo shuɗi da faɗin fitar da phosphor rawaya. Rarraba Kusurwar Kallo ya tabbatar da tsarin fitarwa mai kama da Lambertian tare da rabin kusurwar digiri 110.

Halayen Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba suna da mahimmanci. Lakatun IF da Yawan Haske na Dangantaka yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa ƙasa da layi tare da halin yanzu, tare da inganci yawanci yana raguwa a manyan halayen yanzu saboda ƙaruwar zafi da raguwa. Lakatun Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (IV) yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar tuƙi, yana nuna alaƙar V-I mai ma'ana na diode.

Halayen zafin jiki suna da mahimmanci ga aikin gaske. Lakatun Zafin Yanayi (Ta) da Yawan Haske na Dangantaka yana kwatanta raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafin yanayi (saboda haka zafin haɗi) ya tashi. Lakatun Ta da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba yana nuna mummunan ma'aunin zafi na VF. Lakatun Zafin Haɗi wanda ke kwatanta Ta da haske na dangantaka da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana ƙara bayyana waɗannan dogaro na zafi. Wataƙila mafi mahimmanci, Lakatun Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba da Zafin Yanayi yana ba da umarnin matsakaicin halin yanzu mai aminci a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi don hana wuce iyakar Tj na 115°C.

Zanen Chromaticity na CIE yana wakiltar rukunonin launi (27M5, 30M5, da sauransu) a matsayin ellipses akan wurin baƙin jiki, yana ba da cikakkiyar ma'ana don zaɓin launi da iyakokin rarraba.

Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LED yana amfani da kunshin na'urar da aka ƙera a saman (SMD) tare da girman kusan 3.0mm tsawon da 2.0mm faɗi. Zanen injiniya yana ba da cikakkun girma, gami da tazarar pad, tsayin kayan aiki, da lissafin solder pad. Duk girma suna cikin millimeters tare da jurewar da ba a ayyana ba na ±0.2mm. An gabatar da zanen a ma'auni 1:1 don cikakkiyar ma'ana. Kunshin yana da tashoshi biyu na anode da cathode biyu, yana sauƙaƙe samuwar haɗin solder mai ƙarfi da ingantaccen kaiwar zafi zuwa PCB. An bayyana polarity a fili akan kunshin da kansa, yawanci tare da alamar cathode kamar tsaga ko alama kore.

Jagororin Solder da Haƙawa

Kayan yana dacewa da hanyoyin solder sake kwarara marasa gubar. An ƙayyade matsakaicin zafin solder a matsayin 230°C ko 260°C kololuwa na tsawon dakika 10, dangane da takamaiman bayanin sake kwarara da aka yi amfani da shi (misali, solder SnAgCu). Yana da wajibi a bi shawarar sake kwarara tare da sarrafa hawan hawa da yanayin sanyaya don rage girgizar zafi da hana fashewar kunshin ko rabuwa. Matakin hankali na danshi (MSL) ba a bayyana shi a fili a cikin abubuwan da aka bayar ba, amma don kunshin EMC, gabaɗaya ana ba da shawarar gasa kayan idan an fallasa su ga yanayin yanayi na tsawon lokaci kafin sake kwarara don guje wa "popcorning." Ajiya ya kamata a kasance a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, sarrafa cikin kewayon zafin jiki da aka ƙayyade na -40°C zuwa +85°C.

Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Retrofit Lamps: Ideal for LED bulbs and tubes designed to replace incandescent, halogen, or fluorescent lamps, leveraging its efficacy and cost structure.
• General Lighting: Suitable for downlights, panel lights, troffers, and other fixtures in residential, office, and commercial spaces.
• Signage and Backlighting: Effective for indoor and outdoor sign illumination due to its good color rendering and reliability.
• Architectural/Decorative Lighting: Can be used in coves, shelves, and accent lighting where consistent color and smooth beam are important.

Abubuwan da Ake La'akari da su a Zane

• Thermal Management: The 21°C/W thermal resistance necessitates an effective PCB thermal design. Use of metal-core PCBs (MCPCBs) or thermally enhanced FR4 with sufficient copper area is recommended to keep the solder point temperature low, thereby maintaining light output, color stability, and long-term reliability.
• Current Driving: While rated up to 120mA, operating at or below 80mA is typical for balancing efficacy, lifetime, and thermal load. Use a constant-current LED driver for stable operation.
• Optics: The 110-degree viewing angle is quite broad. Secondary optics (lenses, reflectors) may be required to achieve specific beam patterns.
• Binning Selection: For multi-LED fixtures, specify tight color and flux bins (e.g., within a single ellipse code) to ensure visual uniformity. Consider voltage binning if LEDs are placed in parallel strings.

Kwatanta da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya masu matsakaicin ƙarfi a cikin kunshin PPA (Polyphthalamide) ko PCT (Polycyclohexylenedimethylene Terephthalate), babban abin da ya bambanta wannan jerin 3020 EMC shine mafi kyawun aikin zafi. Kayan EMC suna da mafi girman kaiwar zafi kuma suna iya jure mafi girman zafin haɗi ba tare da launin rawaya ko lalacewa ba. Wannan yana ba da damar:

• Higher Drive Capability: Ability to be driven at higher currents (up to 0.8W) while maintaining reliability.
• Improved Lumen Maintenance: Better resistance to lumen depreciation (L70, L90) over time due to reduced thermal stress on the phosphor and die.
• Longer Lifespan: The enhanced thermal path slows the rate of internal degradation mechanisms.
• Cost-Effectiveness: Provides a performance level closer to high-power LEDs but at a mid-power price point and with simpler drive requirements.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogin Fasaha)

Q: What is the actual power consumption at the typical operating point?
A: At the test condition of 80mA and a typical VF of 6.6V, the power consumption is 0.528W (80mA * 6.6V).

Q: How does light output change with temperature?
A: Luminous flux decreases as junction temperature increases. The derating curve (Fig. 6) quantifies this relationship. Proper heatsinking is essential to minimize output loss in warm environments.

Q: Can I drive this LED at 120mA continuously?
A: While 120mA is the absolute maximum rating, continuous operation at this current requires exceptional thermal management to keep the junction temperature below 115°C. For most designs, operating at or below 80-100mA is recommended for optimal lifetime and efficacy.

Q: What is the difference between the "Typ." and "Min." luminous flux values?
A: The "Typical" value represents the average or expected output for that bin. The "Minimum" value is the lowest output guaranteed for LEDs sorted into that specific flux bin code (e.g., E9). Designers should use the minimum value for conservative system lumen calculations.

Q: How do I interpret the color bin code, e.g., '30M5'?
A: The code defines a specific ellipse on the CIE chart. The first two digits often relate to the CCT (e.g., '30' approximates 3000K nominal), while the letter and number define the ellipse size and position relative to the black-body locus. Refer to Table 5 for the exact center coordinates and ellipse parameters.

Nazarin Zane da Amfani

Scenario: Designing a 1200lm LED Panel Light for Office Use.
A designer targets a 600mm x 600mm panel light with a neutral white color (4000K, CRI >80) and an efficacy of 100 lm/W. Using the 3020 LED from the 40M5 color bin with a typical flux of 66 lm at 80mA (0.528W), the single-LED efficacy is approximately 125 lm/W. To achieve 1200lm, approximately 19 LEDs are needed (1200 lm / 66 lm per LED). Allowing for system losses (optics, thermal), 24 LEDs might be used in a 6x4 array.

Za a ƙera LED ɗin akan MCPCB na aluminum. Jimillar ƙarfin tsarin zai kasance kusan 24 * 0.528W = ~12.7W. Za a zaɓi tuƙi mai daidaita halin yanzu wanda ke fitar da 80mA tare da kewayon wutar lantarki da ya ƙunshi LED 24 a jere (24 * ~6.6V = ~158V). Za a yi kwaikwayon zafi don tabbatar da cewa ƙirar MCPCB tana kiyaye zafin wurin solder LED isasshe ƙasa don riƙe da >90% na fitar da lumen na farko a ƙarƙashin zafin aikin kayan. Ta hanyar ƙayyade duk LED ɗin daga rukunin launi na 40M5 da rukunin haske guda ɗaya (misali, F1), za a sami ingantaccen daidaiton launi da haske a ko'ina cikin panel.

Gabatarwa kan Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED farin ne da aka canza phosphor. Aikin asali ya ƙunshi ƙirar semiconductor, yawanci an yi shi da indium gallium nitride (InGaN), wanda ke fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka yi masa bambanci na gaba (electroluminescence). Wannan hasken shuɗi yana ɗaukar wani ɓangare ta hanyar Layer phosphor na yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG:Ce) da aka ajiye akan ƙirar. Phosphor yana canza wani ɓangare na photons shuɗi zuwa faɗin bakan hasken rawaya. Haɗuwar sauran hasken shuɗi da hasken rawaya da aka fitar yana haifar da fahimtar hasken fari. An sarrafa ainihin Zafin Launi Mai Alaƙa (CCT) ta hanyar bambanta abun da ke ciki da kauri na phosphor. Kunshin EMC yana aiki don kare ƙirar semiconductor mai laushi da phosphor, samar da tsarin injiniya, kuma mafi mahimmanci, yana ba da hanyar farko don kaiwar zafi daga haɗin zuwa pad ɗin solder da allon da'ira da aka buga.

Trends na Fasaha

Sashin LED mai matsakaicin ƙarfi, musamman tare da kunshin EMC, yana ci gaba da haɗuwa. Manyan abubuwan da ake gani a cikin wannan samfurin da faɗin kasuwa sun haɗa da:

• Increased Efficacy: Ongoing improvements in internal quantum efficiency of the blue die and phosphor conversion efficiency drive higher lm/W outputs.
• Enhanced Color Quality: Beyond CRI (Ra), there is a focus on improving metrics like R9 (saturated red) and TM-30 (Rf, Rg) for better color rendition, especially in retail and museum lighting.
• Higher Power Density: Packages like the 3020 are being driven harder (e.g., 0.8W) while maintaining reliability, blurring the line between mid-power and high-power segments.
• Improved Thermal Materials: Development of EMC compounds with even higher thermal conductivity and better resistance to harsh environments (UV, humidity).
• Miniaturization and Integration: The drive for smaller, denser light sources for applications like automotive lighting and ultra-slim fixtures.
• Smart and Tunable Lighting: While this is a static white LED, the industry is moving towards LEDs that can dynamically adjust CCT and intensity, often requiring more complex multi-chip or phosphor designs.

LED 3020 EMC yana zaune cikakke a cikin waɗannan abubuwan, yana ba da dandali mai ƙarfi na zafi, mai inganci, da inganci farashi don mafita na haske na gaba ɗaya na zamani.