Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta LED 3020 - Girman 3.0x2.0mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 3.4V - Wutar 0.5W - Farin Sanyi/Matsakaici/Dumi - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

Bayanin Samfur

Jerin 3020 yana wakiltar mafita mai inganci na LED mai matsakaicin ƙarfi wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya. Ta amfani da Kunshin Epoxy Molding Compound (EMC) mai Haɓaka Zafin Jiki, wannan LED yana ba da ma'auni mai kyau na ingancin haske, aminci, da ingancin kuɗi. Matsayin farko na wannan samfurin yana cikin kasuwannin maye gurbin da haske na gabaɗaya, yana niyya ga aikace-aikace inda duka fitowar haske mai yawa a kowace dala da ingancin launi suke da muhimmanci. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun ma'auni na lumen-kowace-watt da lumen-kowace-dalar a cikin ajinsa, kunshin ƙarfi wanda zai iya ɗaukar har zuwa 0.8W, da babban ma'auni na nuna launi (CRI) na 80 ko sama. Kasuwar da aka yi niyya ta ƙunshi mafita masu yawa na haske, daga maye gurbin kai tsaye na fitilun gargajiya zuwa gine-gine da haske na ado.

Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Halaye na Haske da Na'urar Gani

Ana ƙayyade aikin lantarki-na gani a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na 150mA na halin yanzu na gaba (IF) da zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Iyalin samfurin yana ba da Zafin Jiki na Launi masu Alaka (CCT) daga Farin Dumi (2580K-3220K) zuwa Farin Sanyi (5310K-7040K). Don bambance-bambancen Matsakaicin Fari na al'ada (misali, T3450811C), ƙarfin haske zai iya kaiwa har zuwa lumens 68. Babban siffa shine tabbataccen mafi ƙarancin Ma'auni na Nuna Launi (CRI ko Ra) na 80 a cikin dukkan kwandon, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen amincin launi. Rarraba haske na sarari yana da siffa ta fadi kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) na digiri 110, yana ba da haske iri ɗaya. Yana da muhimmanci a lura da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ma'auni: ±7% don ƙarfin haske da ±2 don CRI.

Sigogi na Lantarki da Zafin Jiki

Halayen lantarki suna ayyana iyakokin aiki. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (VF) shine 3.4V a 150mA, tare da jurewa na ±0.1V. Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima yana da mahimmanci don ƙira mai dogaro: matsakaicin ci gaba na halin yanzu na gaba (IF) shine 240mA, tare da halin yanzu mai bugun jini (IFP) na 300mA da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin takamaiman sharuɗɗa (faɗin bugun jini ≤ 100µs, zagayowar aiki ≤ 1/10). Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (PD) shine 816mW. Ana sauƙaƙe sarrafa zafin jiki ta hanyar ƙaramin juriya na zafi (Rth j-sp) na 21°C/W (mahada zuwa wurin solder), wanda ke da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai. Matsakaicin yanayin zafin mahada (Tj) shine 115°C.

Bayani kan Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Rarraba Tsawon Raɗaɗi / Zafin Jiki na Launi

Ana sarrafa daidaiton launi na LED ta hanyar ingantaccen tsarin rarraba (binning) dangane da zane na CIE 1931 chromaticity. Tsarin yana amfani da kwandon elliptical da aka ayyana ta wurin tsakiya (ma'auni x, y), babban axis (a), ƙananan axis (b), da kusurwar juyawa (Φ). Misali, kwandon 40M5 na Matsakaicin Fari yana da cibiyar a (0.3825, 0.3798). Rarraba don zafin jiki na launi tsakanin 2600K da 7000K yana bin ma'aunin Energy Star, yana tabbatar da ƙaramin daidaiton launi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar farin haske iri ɗaya. Rashin tabbas na ma'auni don ma'auni na launi shine ±0.007.

Rarrawar Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Flux Binning)

Ana kuma rarraba fitarwar haske zuwa kwandon don tabbatar da aiki. Kowane kwandon launi (misali, 27M5, 30M5) an ƙara raba shi zuwa matakan ƙarfin haske waɗanda aka gano su da lambobi kamar E7, E8, F1, da sauransu. Misali, a cikin kwandon launi na 30M5, LED tare da lambar flux F1 zai sami ƙarfin haske tsakanin lumens 66 zuwa 70 a 150mA. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar LED tare da hasken da ake iya hasashe don bukatun aikace-aikacensu na musamman.

Rarraba Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage Binning)

Don taimakawa wajen ƙira da'ira da daidaita halin yanzu, musamman a cikin jerin LED da yawa, ana rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa matakai uku: Lamba 1 (2.8V - 3.0V), Lamba 2 (3.0V - 3.2V), da Lamba 3 (3.2V - 3.4V). Wannan yana taimakawa wajen hasashen bukatun wutar lantarki da sarrafa nauyin zafi yadda ya kamata.

Bincike akan Lissafin Aiki (Performance Curve)

Halaye na Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki (I-V) da Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Haske (I-Φ)

Hoto na 3 yana kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin haske mai alaƙa. Fitarwa yana kusan layi har zuwa halin yanzu na aiki da aka ba da shawarar, yana nuna ingantaccen inganci. Hoto na 4 yana nuna lissafin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba da halin yanzu, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar direba. Babban ƙimar zafin jiki na ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana bayyana, ma'ana VF yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, wani hali na al'ada ga LED.

Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Bambancin aiki tare da zafin jiki wani muhimmin abu ne na ƙira. Hoto na 6 yana nuna cewa ƙarfin haske mai alaƙa yana raguwa yayin da zafin yanayi (Ta) ke ƙaruwa, yana nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafin jiki don kiyaye fitarwar haske. Hoto na 7 yana nuna raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba tare da hawan zafin jiki. Hoto na 8 yana ba da lissafin rage ƙimar matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda dangane da zafin yanayi, wanda ke da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dogaro a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban.

Rarraba Raɗaɗi da Kusurwa

Hoto na 1 yana ba da rarraba ƙarfin raɗaɗi mai alaƙa, wanda ke ayyana ingancin launi da CCT. Hoto na 2 yana kwatanta rarraba kusurwar kallo (tsarin radiation na sarari), yana tabbatar da faɗin kusurwar katako na digiri 110 don haske iri ɗaya.

Canjin Launi tare da Zafin Jiki

Hoto na 5 yana zana canji a cikin ma'auni na CIE x, y chromaticity tare da haɓaka zafin yanayi (daga 25°C zuwa 85°C). Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar kwanciyar hankali na launi akan zafin jiki.

Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

LED ya dace da hanyoyin solder reflow marasa gubar. Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima don zafin solder shine 230°C ko 260°C na matsakaicin tsawon lokaci na dakika 10. Yana da mahimmanci a bi shafin reflow da aka ba da shawarar don hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin EMC da cikin die. Yanayin zafin aiki yana daga -40°C zuwa +85°C, kuma kewayon zafin ajiya iri ɗaya ne. Dole ne a yi taka-tsan-tsan kada a wuce matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima yayin aiki, saboda hakan na iya haifar da lalacewa maras jurewa ga LED.

Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Takardar bayanin ta gano aikace-aikace da yawa masu mahimmanci: maye gurbin fitilun gargajiya (kamar incandescent ko CFL), haske na ciki da waje na gabaɗaya, hasken baya don allunan alamar ciki/waje, da haske na gine-gine/ado. Haɗin ingantaccen inganci, kyakkyawan CRI, da faɗin kusurwar katako ya sa ya dace da waɗannan amfani daban-daban.

Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zance

Dole ne masu zane su mai da hankali sosai kan sarrafa zafin jiki. Ta amfani da ƙimar juriya na zafi da aka bayar (21°C/W), dole ne a ƙididdige ingantaccen heatsinking don kiyaye yanayin zafin mahada ƙasa da 115°C a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayin aiki. Dole ne a bi lissafin rage ƙimar halin yanzu (Hoto 8) don aikace-aikacen babban zafin yanayi. Don fitarwar haske akai-akai, ana ba da shawarar direba mai halin yanzu akai-akai akan direba mai ƙarfin wutar lantarki akai-akai. Lokacin ƙira jerin LED da yawa, yi la'akari da amfani da LED daga kwandon ƙarfin wutar lantarki da flux iri ɗaya don tabbatar da haske iri ɗaya da raba halin yanzu.

Kwatanta da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na gargajiya mai matsakaicin ƙarfi a cikin kwandon filastik, kunshin EMC yana ba da ingantaccen aikin zafi sosai, yana ba da damar tuƙi mafi girma da ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (har zuwa 0.8W) yayin kiyaye dogaro. Wannan yana fassara zuwa mafi girman fitarwar lumen daga kunshin mai girman iri ɗaya. Tabbacin CRI na 80+ yana ba da fa'ida a gasa a cikin aikace-aikacen da ingancin launi ke da mahimmanci, idan aka kwatanta da bayarwa na daidaitaccen tare da ƙananan CRI. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110 yana da fa'ida ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗi, haske iri ɗaya ba tare da na'urar gani na biyu ba.

Tambayoyin da Ake Yi Akai-akai (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: What is the maximum power I can drive this LED at?
A: The absolute maximum power dissipation is 816mW. However, the recommended operating condition is based on 0.5W nominal. Operating at higher power requires excellent thermal management to stay within the junction temperature limit.

Q: How do I interpret the luminous flux bins (E7, F1, etc.)?
A: These codes represent ranges of luminous output at 150mA. You must cross-reference the code with the specific color bin table (Table 6) to find the minimum and maximum lumen values for that group.

Q: Can I use a constant voltage source to drive this LED?
A: It is not recommended. LEDs are current-driven devices. A small change in forward voltage can cause a large change in current, potentially exceeding maximum ratings. Always use a constant current driver or a circuit that actively limits current.

Q: What is the impact of the ±7% flux tolerance?
A: This means the actual measured luminous flux of a production LED can vary by ±7% from the typical value listed in the datasheet. The binning system helps control this variation by grouping LEDs into tighter flux ranges.

Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Scenario: Designing a 10W LED Bulb Retrofit
A designer aims to create an A19 bulb replacement using this 3020 LED. Targeting 800 lumens, they might use 16 LEDs driven at approximately 140mA each (slightly below the test current for better efficacy and thermal headroom). They would select LEDs from the same color bin (e.g., 40M5 for 4000K Neutral White) and a consistent flux bin (e.g., F1) to ensure color and brightness uniformity. The total forward voltage for 16 LEDs in series would be roughly 16 * 3.4V = 54.4V, dictating the driver specifications. A properly designed aluminum PCB with thermal vias would be necessary to sink the heat from the 10W total dissipation, keeping individual junction temperatures well below the 115°C maximum.

Gabatarwa kan Ka'idar Aiki

Diodes masu Fitowa Haske (LEDs) na'urori ne na semiconductor waɗanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar electroluminescence. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba a kan mahada p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Tsawon raɗaɗi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar yana ƙaddara ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. Farin haske a cikin wannan LED yawanci ana samarwa ta amfani da guntu semiconductor mai fitar da shuɗi wanda aka lulluɓe da Layer phosphor. Wani ɓangare na hasken shuɗi yana canzawa ta hanyar phosphor zuwa tsayin raɗaɗi mafi tsayi (rawaya, ja), kuma cakuda shuɗi da hasken da aka canza phosphor ya bayyana fari ga idon ɗan adam. Kunshin EMC yana aiki don kare guntun semiconductor da igiyoyin igiya, samar da ruwan tabarau na farko na gani, kuma mafi mahimmanci, yana ba da hanyar ingantacciyar jagorar zafi daga mahada.

Trends na Fasaha

Sashin LED mai matsakaicin ƙarfi yana ci gaba da haɓaka zuwa mafi girman inganci (lumens kowace watt) da mafi girman dogaro a farashi mai rahusa. Manyan trends sun haɗa da karɓar kayan kunshin da suka fi ƙarfi kamar EMC da yumbu don ba da damar yanayin zafi da halin yanzu mafi girma, wanda ke haifar da mafi girman yawan lumen. Akwai ci gaba da turawa don ingantaccen fasahar phosphor don cimma mafi girman ƙimar Ma'auni na Nuna Launi (CRI) da mafi daidaitaccen ingancin launi a cikin batches. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa guntu da yawa a cikin kunshin guda ɗaya (COB - Chip-on-Board ko matsakaicin ƙarfi mai guntu da yawa) wani trend ne don sauƙaƙe haɗawa da rage farashin tsarin don aikace-aikacen lumen masu yawa. Turawa don haske mai hankali kuma yana rinjayar ƙirar LED, tare da mai da hankali kan dacewa da ƙa'idodin dushewa da tsarin farin da za a iya daidaitawa.