3020 Tsarin LED Mai Matsakaicin Ƙarfi - 3.0x2.0mm - 19V Na Yau da Kullun - 0.6W - Farin Sanyi/Matsakaici/Dumi - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin 3020 yana wakiltar dangin LED na matsakaicin ƙarfi waɗanda ke amfani da Kunshin Gyare-gyaren Epoxy Mai Haɓaka Zafi (EMC). An ƙera wannan ƙira don isar da ma'auni mai kyau tsakanin ingancin haske (lumens a kowace watt) da ingancin farashi (lumens a kowace dala), wanda ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai ban sha'awa ga nau'ikan aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya. Jerin yana da siffar ƙanƙanta ta 3.0mm x 2.0mm kuma an ƙididdige shi don yawan watsawar ƙarfi na 0.6W, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka halatta na 0.8W a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idodin wannan jerin LED sun samo asali ne daga kunshin EMC da ingantattun ƙira. Kayan EMC suna ba da juriya mai kyau ga zafi da dogon lokacin dogaro idan aka kwatanta da robobi na gargajiya, suna ba da damar aiki mai ƙarfi a yanayin zafi mafi girma. Abubuwan mahimmanci sun haɗa da matsakaicin halin yanzu na 40mA, mafi ƙarancin Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI) na 80 don ingancin launi mai girma, da dacewa da hanyoyin siyar da gubar mara gubar. Waɗannan halayen sun sa jerin su zama manufa don fitilun maye gurbin, hasken ciki da waje na gabaɗaya, hasken baya don alamar alama, da kayan haske na gine-gine ko na ado inda haɗin inganci, dogaro, da ingancin launi ke da mahimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassarar ma'auni na aiki da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayanan. Fahimtar waɗannan ƙimomi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira daidai da sarrafa zafi.

2.1 Halayen Lantarki-Haske

Ana auna aikin lantarki-haske a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji na I_F= 30mA, T_a= 25°C, da zafi na 60%. Ana ba da fitar da ƙarar haske don zafin jiki biyu masu mahimmanci: zafin yanayi (T_a=25°C) da zafin wurin solder (T_s=85°C). Na ƙarshe shine mafi kyawun nuna aiki a aikace-aikacen gaske inda LED ke hawa akan allo. Misali, akwatin farin sanyi na yau da kullun (65R6) yana ba da lumens 72 a T_a=25°C amma lumens 62 a T_s=85°C, yana nuna mahimmancin ƙirar zafi. Takardar bayanan ta lura da ƙimar ±7% akan ma'aunin ƙarar haske da ƙimar ±2 akan ma'aunin CRI (Ra).

2.2 Ma'auni na Lantarki da Zafi

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yana da ƙimar yau da kullun na 19V a 30mA, tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar ±0.3V. Kusurwar kallo (2Θ1/2) yana da faɗin digiri 120, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ba ta kan axis ba inda ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa. Ma'auni mai mahimmanci na zafi shine juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (R_{th j-sp}), wanda aka ƙayyade a yau da kullun 22 °C/W. Wannan ƙimar tana ƙididdige yadda zafi ke gudana daga haɗin gwiwar semiconductor zuwa wurin solder; ƙimar ƙasa tana nuna mafi kyawun watsawar zafi. Matsayin juriya na fitar da lantarki mai tsauri (ESD) shine 1000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum), wanda shine matakin daidaitaccen matakin LED na matsakaicin ƙarfi.

2.3 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Ba za a wuce su ba a kowane yanayi na aiki. Iyakoki masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da: ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 40mA, halin yanzu na bugun jini (I_FP) na 60mA (don bugun jini ≤ 100µs, zagayowar aiki ≤ 1/10), matsakaicin watsawar ƙarfi (P_D) na 840mW, da matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_j) na 125°C. Yankin zafin aiki da ajiya shine -40°C zuwa +105°C. Bayanin zafin jiki na solder yana ba da damar kololuwa na 230°C ko 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara. Wannan jerin yana amfani da cikakken tsarin binning dangane da jagororin Energy Star don kewayon 2600K zuwa 7000K.

3.1 Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki Mai Alaka (CCT) da Binning Chromaticity

Teburin zaɓin samfur yana lissafta manyan ƙungiyoyin CCT guda shida, daga Farin Dumi (2725K, 3045K) zuwa Farin Sanyi (6530K). Kowane rukunin CCT yana da lambar kwandon launi mai dacewa (misali, 27R5, 65R6). Tebur 5 da Hoto 9 suna cikakken bayani game da tsarin kwandon chromaticity akan zane na CIE 1931. Kowane kwandon an ayyana shi ta yankin elliptical tare da takamaiman ma'auni na tsakiya (x, y) a 25°C da 85°C, tare da manyan/ƙananan radius na axis (a, b) da kusurwa (Φ). Rashin tabbas na ma'auni don ma'auni na launi shine ±0.007.

3.2 Binning na Ƙarfin Haske

A cikin kowane kwandon chromaticity, ana ƙara rarraba LED ta hanyar fitar da ƙarar haske a 30mA. Tebur 6 yana ayyana matsayin ƙarar. Misali, a cikin kwandon launi na 65R6, LED suna samuwa a cikin lambobin ƙarar F1 (66-70 lm min), F2 (70-74 lm min), da F3 (74-78 lm min), duk an auna su a T_a=25°C. Wannan binning mai girma biyu (launi + ƙarar) yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED waɗanda suka cika ainihin buƙatun aikace-aikace don duka wurin launi da haske.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanan ta haɗa da jadawali da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar tsinkaya da ƙira mai ƙarfi.

4.1 Halayen IV da Ƙarfin Haske Mai Alaka

Hoto na 4 yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F). Lanƙwasa yana da layi a cikin kewayon aiki, tare da V_Fyana ƙaruwa da halin yanzu. Hoto na 3 yana zana ƙarar haske mai alaƙa da I_F. Ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa da ƙarancin layi tare da halin yanzu; tuka LED sama da shawarar 30mA zai haifar da raguwar fitowar haske yayin da yake haifar da ƙarin zafi, yana iya rage inganci da tsawon rayuwa.

4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Hotuna 6 da 7 suna da mahimmanci don binciken zafi. Hoto na 6 yana nuna ƙarar haske mai alaƙa yana raguwa a layi yayin da zafin wurin solder (T_s) ya ƙaru. A 125°C, fitarwa shine kusan 20% na ƙimarsa a 25°C. Hoto na 7 yana nuna cewa V_Fshi ma yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki, halayen yau da kullun na diodes na semiconductor. Hoto na 5 yana kwatanta canjin ma'auni na chromaticity (CIE x, y) tare da zafin jiki, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mai mahimmanci na launi.

3.3 Rarraba Bakan da Kusurwar Kallo

Hoto na 1 yana ba da lanƙwasa rarraba ƙarfin bakan na yau da kullun, yana nuna ƙarfin da ke da alaƙa a cikin tsawon zango. Siffar wannan lanƙwasa tana ƙayyade CCT da CRI. Hoto na 2 yana nuna tsarin radiation na sarari (rarrabawar kusurwar kallo), yana tabbatar da bayanin fitarwa mai kama da Lambertian tare da ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

4.4 Rage Ƙimar Zafin Yanayi

Hoto na 8 shine lanƙwasa rage ƙima don matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka halatta dangane da zafin yanayi (T_a) da juriya na zafi na tsarin (R_j-a). Misali, tare da tsarin R_j-ana 45°C/W, dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu daga 40mA a T_a=89°C zuwa kusan 22mA a T_a=105°C don hana zafin haɗin gwiwa ya wuce iyakarsa na 125°C. Wannan jadawali yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade halayen aiki masu aminci a cikin yanayi mai zafi.

5. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira

5.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Sakamakon ma'auni na inganci, farashi, da dogaro, wannan jerin LED ya dace da:
- Fitilun Maye Gurbin:Maye gurbin kai tsaye na incandescent, halogen, ko fitilun CFL a cikin ƙwanƙwasa, bututu, da fitilun ƙasa.
- Hasken Gabaɗaya:Babban tushen haske a cikin kayan haske na gida, kasuwanci, da masana'antu.
- Hasken Baya na Alamar Alama:Samar da haske iri ɗaya don alamomin ciki da waje.
- Hasken Gine-gine:Hasken facade, hasken kwari, da sauran aikace-aikacen ado inda ingancin launi ke da mahimmanci.

5.2 Abubuwan Ƙira Masu Muhimmanci

Gudanar da Zafi:Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin abu don aiki da tsawon rayuwa. Ƙananan R_{th j-sp}na 22°C/W yana aiki ne kawai idan PCB da heatsink sun ba da hanyar zafi mai ƙasa zuwa yanayi. Ana ba da shawarar amfani da PCB na ƙarfe-core (MCPCBs) ko allunan da ke da isassun ramukan zafi. Koyaushe koma ga lanƙwasa rage ƙima (Hoto 8) don saita halin yanzu na tuƙi.
Tukin Halin Yanzu:Direban halin yanzu na akwai dole don fitar da haske mai ƙarfi da launi. Shawarar halin yanzu na aiki shine 30mA, ko da yake ana iya tuƙa shi har zuwa 40mA idan yanayin zafi yana da kyau. Wuce 40mA yana haifar da haɗarin lalacewa nan take.
Na'urorin Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 ta dace da aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya da yawa. Don ƙarin haskoki da aka mayar da hankali, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau).
Kariya ta ESD:Yayin da aka ƙididdige shi don 1000V HBM, yakamata a kiyaye matakan kula da ESD na daidaitaccen lokacin haɗawa da sarrafawa.

6. Bincike na Kwatankwacin da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

A cikin sashin LED na matsakaicin ƙarfi, manyan bambance-bambancen wannan jerin EMC na 3020 sune:
1. Ƙarfin Yanayin Zafi:Kunshin EMC yana ba da damar ci gaba da aiki a yanayin zafi mafi girma na wurin solder (T_s=85°C bayanan da aka bayar) idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun robobi na PPA ko PCT, waɗanda za su iya zama rawaya da lalacewa.
2. Yawan Ƙarfi:Tare da iyawa har zuwa 0.8W a cikin kunshin 3.0x2.0mm, yana ba da yawan ƙarfi mafi girma fiye da yawancin LED na matsakaicin ƙarfi na 3528 ko 2835 na gargajiya, yana iya rage adadin LED da ake buƙata don fitar da lumen da aka ba.
3. Halin Ƙarfin Lantarki:Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na yau da kullun na 19V a 30mA yana da mahimmanci. Masu ƙira dole ne su tabbatar cewa an saita direban LED don wannan babban kewayon ƙarfin lantarki idan aka kwatanta da mafi yawan LED na matsakaicin ƙarfi na 3V ko 6V.
4. Binning Cikakke:Bin ƙa'idodin binning na Energy Star da samar da kwandon launi da ƙarar suna ba da tsinkaya da daidaito don samfuran haske masu inganci.

7. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Me yasa ƙarfin haske ya yi ƙasa a T_s=85°C fiye da a T_a=25°C?
A: T_ashine zafin iska a kusa da LED. T_sshine zafin jiki a wurin solder, wanda ya fi kusa da ainihin zafin haɗin gwiwa yayin aiki. Yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, ingancin semiconductor yana raguwa, yana rage fitar da haske. Bayanan T_s=85°C shine ma'aunin aiki mafi gaskiya don ƙira.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 40mA akai-akai?
A: Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke shine 40mA, amma wannan shine iyakar damuwa. Shawarar yanayin aiki shine 30mA. Yin aiki a 40mA yana yiwuwa ne kawai idan sarrafa zafi yana da ban mamaki (tsarin R mai ƙasa sosai_j-a) kuma zafin yanayi yana da ƙasa, kamar yadda lanƙwasa rage ƙima a Hoto 8. Yin haka zai rage inganci kuma yana iya shafar dogon lokacin dogaro.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon, misali, '65R6'?
A: Lambar tana ayyana kwandon chromaticity. Lambobi biyu na farko (65) suna da alaƙa da CCT (kewayon 6500K). Harafin (R) da lambar mai zuwa (6) suna ayyana takamaiman ellipse akan zane na CIE inda ma'auni na launi na LED ya faɗi, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi mai ƙarfi.

Q: Menene mahimmancin juriya na zafi na 22 °C/W?
A: Wannan ƙimar (R_{th j-sp}) tana nuna cewa ga kowane watt na ƙarfin da aka watsar a cikin haɗin gwiwar LED, bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin haɗin gwiwa da wurin solder zai ƙaru da 22°C. Ƙimar ƙasa tana da kyau. Jimlar juriya na zafi na tsarin (haɗin gwiwa-zuwa-yanayi, R_j-a) ya haɗa da wannan da juriya na PCB, hanyar sadarwa ta zafi, da heatsink.

8. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Fitilar LED Tube na Lumen 1200.
Manufa:Maye gurbin bututun T8 na fluorescent da LED daidai.
Tsarin Ƙira:
1. Manufar Lumen:lumens 1200.
2. Zaɓin LED:Zaɓi kwandon 65R6-F2 (Yau da kullun 72 lm a 30mA, T_a=25°C). Yin lissafin rage ƙimar zafi (kimanta ~15% asara a yanayin aiki), ɗauka 61 lm kowane LED.
3. Lissafin Yawa:1200 lm / 61 lm kowane LED ≈ LED 20.
4. Ƙirar Lantarki:LED 20 a jere zai buƙaci ƙarfin tuƙi na 20 * 19V = 380V, wanda yake da girma. Hanya mafi dacewa ita ce amfani da zaren igiya 2 na LED 10 a jere (190V kowane zare) da aka haɗa a layi daya, wanda direban halin yanzu ya tuƙa wanda aka saita zuwa 60mA gabaɗaya (30mA kowane zare).
5. Ƙirar Zafi:Jimlar ƙarfi: LED 20 * 19V * 0.03A = 11.4W. Yin amfani da PCB na aluminum azaman heatsink, mai ƙira dole ne ya lissafa idan tsarin R_j-ayana da ƙasa sosai don kiyaye haɗin gwiwa a ƙasa da 125°C a cikin yanayin bututu da aka rufe, ta amfani da lanƙwasa rage ƙima a matsayin jagora.
Wannan lamarin yana nuna hulɗar tsakanin saitin lantarki, sarrafa zafi, da maƙasudin photometric.

9. Ka'idojin Fasaha da Trends

9.1 Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED yana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman kayan (phosphors) da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kunshin suna canza wani ɓangare na hasken shuɗi na farko daga guntu zuwa tsayin zango mafi tsayi, yana haifar da farin haske da ake so tare da takamaiman CCT da CRI. Kunshin EMC yana aiki don kare guntu da igiyoyin haɗin gwiwa, samar da ruwan tabarau na farko, kuma mafi mahimmanci, yana ba da hanyar watsa zafi don watsar da zafi.

9.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Kasuwar LED ta matsakaicin ƙarfi tana ci gaba da haɓaka zuwa mafi girman inganci (lm/W) da ingantaccen dogaro a farashi mai rahusa. Amfani da kunshin EMC, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wannan jerin, babban yanayi ne maye gurbin robobi na gargajiya saboda mafi girman juriya ga zafi da zafi, yana ba da damar tsawon rayuwa da halayen tuƙi mafi girma. Bugu da ƙari, akwai ci gaba da turawa don ƙarin ƙarfi na launi da ƙarar binning don biyan buƙatun haske mai inganci. Haɗa waɗannan abubuwan cikin modules da injunan haske kuma yana da girma, yana sauƙaƙa ƙira ga masu samar da haske. Bayanan da aka bayar a cikin wannan takardar bayanan suna nuna daidaitaccen ma'auni na masana'antu don siffata da ƙayyade aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi na gaske.