Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na LED Mai Girman 3030 - Girman 3.0x3.0mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 5.0-5.4V - Wutar 1.2W - Farin Sanyi/Matsakaici/Dumi - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da jerin LED masu matsakaicin ƙarfi waɗanda ke amfani da siffar 3030 (3.0mm x 3.0mm) da kuma ingantaccen kayan aikin EMC (Epoxy Molding Compound). An ƙera wannan jerin don samar da madaidaicin daidaito na ingancin haske, aminci, da tsada, wanda ya sa ya zama zaɓi na farko a cikin sashin matsakaicin ƙarfi. Babban manufar ƙira ta ta'allaka ne akan sarrafa zafi da aikin gani, wanda ke ba da damar aiki a matakan wutar lantarki har zuwa 1.5W.

Babban kasuwannin da aka yi niyya don wannan jerin LED sun haɗa da hanyoyin gyaran fitila waɗanda aka ƙera don maye gurbin fitilun wuta na gargajiya ko na fluorescent, hasken gama gari don wuraren zama da kasuwanci, hasken baya don alamun ciki da waje, da aikace-aikacen fitilar gine-gine ko na ado inda duka aiki da kyawun gani suke da muhimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

All measurements are standardized at a forward current (I_F) of 25mA and an ambient temperature (T_a) of 25°C with 60% relative humidity. The product line offers a range of Correlated Color Temperatures (CCT) from warm white (2725K) to cool white (6530K), catering to diverse lighting needs. A minimum Color Rendering Index (CRI or R_a) of 80 ensures good color fidelity for general lighting applications.

The luminous flux output is categorized by both color bin and flux rank. Typical luminous flux values range from approximately 122 lumens to 156 lumens at the test condition of 25mA, depending on the specific CCT and flux bin. It is critical to note the stated measurement tolerances: ±7% for luminous flux and ±2 for CRI. The forward voltage (V_F) typically falls between 5.0V and 5.4V at 25mA, with a specified measurement tolerance of ±0.5V.

2.2 Sigogi na Lantarki da Zafi

The absolute maximum ratings define the operational boundaries for reliable performance. The maximum continuous forward current (I_F) is 30mA, with a pulsed forward current (I_FP) of 40mA allowed under specific conditions (pulse width ≤ 100µs, duty cycle ≤ 1/10). The maximum power dissipation (P_D) is 1.5W. Exceeding these ratings may cause permanent degradation or failure.

Thermal management is a key strength of the EMC package. The thermal resistance from the junction to the solder point (R_{th j-sp}) is specified at a typical value of 11 °C/W. This low thermal resistance facilitates efficient heat transfer from the LED chip to the printed circuit board (PCB), helping to maintain a lower junction temperature (T_j), which is critical for long-term lumen maintenance and reliability. The maximum allowable junction temperature is 115°C.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

3.1 Rarraba Launi (CCT)

Ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin hankali zuwa cikakkun kwandon launi bisa ga madaidaicin madaidaicin su akan zanen CIE 1931. Tsarin rarraba don CCTs tsakanin 2600K zuwa 7000K yana bin ma'aunin Energy Star, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin wani yanki da aka ayyana. Kowane lambar launi (misali, 27M5, 30M5) yana dace da takamaiman tsakiyar batu (madaidaicin x, y) da kuma yankin juzu'i da aka ayyana ta manya/ƙananan gatura (a, b) da kuma kusurwa (φ). Rashin tabbas na ma'auni don madaidaicin launi shine ±0.007.

3.2 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken Fitila (Luminous Flux)

Baya ga launi, ana ƙara rarraba LED ɗin ta hanyar fitar da ƙarfin hasken fitila a daidacin gwajin gwaji na yau da kullun. Ana sanya matakan ƙarfin fitila ta lambobi (misali, 2E, 2F, 2G, 2H), kowanne yana wakiltar takamaiman kewayon lumen (misali, 122-130 lm, 130-139 lm). Wannan rarraba mai girma biyu (launi da ƙarfin fitila) yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar abubuwan da suka dace waɗanda suka cika buƙatun launi da haske na aikace-aikacen su, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samfurin fitila na ƙarshe.

3.3 Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage)

Forward voltage is also categorized to aid in circuit design, particularly for applications involving multiple LEDs in series. Voltage bins are defined by codes (e.g., 1, 2) with specified minimum and maximum voltage ranges (e.g., 4.6-4.8V, 4.8-5.0V). Matching V_F bins can help achieve more uniform current distribution and simplified driver design.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

4.1 Halayen IV da Ƙarfin Hasken Fitila

Hoto na 3 yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin na'urar lantarki ta gaba da ƙarfin hasken fitila mai alaƙa. Fitarwa ba ta da ƙarfi sosai; ƙara na'urar lantarki fiye da kewayon da aka ba da shawarar na 25-30mA yana haifar da raguwar fitar da haske yayin da yake ƙara haɓakar zafi da damuwa akan na'urar. Hoto na 4 yana nuna lanƙwasa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da na'urar lantarki, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar daidaitaccen kewayon na'urar lantarki.

4.2 Dogaro da Yanayin Zafi

The performance of LEDs is highly temperature-sensitive. Figure 6 demonstrates that relative luminous flux decreases as ambient temperature (T_a) increases. Figure 7 shows that forward voltage typically decreases with rising temperature. Figure 5 details the shift in chromaticity coordinates (CIE x, y) with temperature, which is crucial for applications requiring stable color points across operating conditions. Figure 8 is critical for thermal design, showing the derating curve for maximum allowable forward current as a function of ambient temperature for two different junction-to-ambient thermal resistance scenarios (35°C/W and 55°C/W).

4.3 Rarraba Bakan Hasken da Kallon Kallo

Figure 1 provides the relative spectral power distribution, which defines the light's color quality. Figure 2 depicts the spatial radiation pattern (viewing angle distribution). The typical viewing angle (2θ_1/2), where intensity is half the peak value, is 110 degrees, indicating a wide, Lambertian-like emission pattern suitable for general diffuse lighting.

5. Jagororin Haɗawa da Sarrafawa

5.1 Solder na Reflow

Waɗannan LED ɗin sun dace da hanyoyin solder na reflow marasa gubar. Matsakaicin yanayin zafin solder bai kamata ya wuce 230°C ko 260°C na tsawon dakika 10 ba, kamar yadda aka ayyana a cikin matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar. Yana da mahimmanci a bi shawarar yanayin reflow da masana'anta suka bayar don hana girgiza zafi ko lalata kayan aikin EMC da haɗin gwiwa na ciki.

5.2 Ajiya da Sarrafawa

Matsakaicin yanayin zafin ajiya da aka ba da shawarar shine -40°C zuwa +85°C. Don hana ɗaukar danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da fashewa yayin reflow, yakamata a ajiye LED ɗin a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, yawanci a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da busassun abubuwa. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan kariya na ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) yayin sarrafawa, saboda na'urorin suna da juriyar ESD na 1000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum).

6. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan da ake la'akari da su na Ƙira

6.1 Gudanar da Zafi (Thermal Management)

Ingantaccen hanyar zafi shine mafi mahimmancin abu guda ɗaya don cimma ƙimar aiki da tsawon rai. Ƙananan juriyar zafi na 11 °C/W daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder yana da tasiri ne kawai idan PCB da ƙirar tsarin sun sauƙaƙe watsi da zafi. Ana ba da shawarar amfani da PCB na ƙarfe-core (MCPCBs) ko allunan da ke da isassun ramukan zafi don aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a ko kusa da matsakaicin na'urar lantarki/wutar lantarki. Dole ne a yi amfani da lanƙwasa rage ƙima (Hoto na 8) don tantance amintaccen na'urar lantarki na aiki don ainihin yanayin zafi na aikace-aikacen.

6.2 Gudanar da Lantarki (Electrical Drive)

A constant current driver is mandatory for reliable operation. The driver should be designed to supply a stable current up to the maximum of 30mA, accounting for the forward voltage bin and its negative temperature coefficient. For designs using multiple LEDs in series, consider the voltage binning to ensure the total string voltage is within the driver's output range. Parallel connections are generally not recommended without additional balancing circuitry due to V_F variations.

6.3 Haɗin Na'urar Gani (Optical Integration)

Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 110 ya sa waɗannan LED ɗin su dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗaɗa haske, ko da ba tare da na'urar gani ta biyu ba. Don fitilar jagora, ana iya amfani da na'urar gani ta farko (ruwan tabarau) ko masu haskakawa. Babban CRI (≥80) yana sa su zama masu kyau sosai don fitilar dillali, fitilar aiki, da sauran wuraren da fahimtar launi daidai take da mahimmanci.

7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Fa'idodi

Babban abin da ya bambanta wannan jerin 3030 EMC shine fasahar kayan aikinsa. Idan aka kwatanta da PPA na gargajiya (Polyphthalamide) ko robobin PCT, kayan EMC suna ba da mafi kyawun watsi da zafi, juriya mafi girma ga zafi, da juriya mafi kyau ga launin rawaya da lalacewa daga bayyanar UV da zafi. Wannan yana fassara zuwa mafi kyawun aikin gani a tsawon rayuwar LED, yana kiyaye duka fitar da lumen da wurin launi fiye da madadin da aka yi da robobi.

Haɗin gwiwar ingantaccen kayan aikin EMC, babban ingancin haske, da daidaitaccen rarraba mai girma da yawa yana ba da fa'ida mai mahimmanci a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar babban aminci, tsawon rai, da inganci mai daidaito, kamar kayan fitilar kasuwanci da alamun waje.

8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

Q: What is the actual power consumption at the typical operating point?
A: At the test condition of I_F=25mA and V_F=5.4V (typical max), the power is 25mA * 5.4V = 135mW. The "1.2W Series" designation refers to its capability and thermal package rating, not the standard operating point.

Q: How does the luminous flux change if I drive the LED at 30mA instead of 25mA?
A: Refer to Figure 3. The relative luminous flux increases with current but not linearly. Driving at 30mA will yield more light but also generate significantly more heat. You must ensure the junction temperature remains below 115°C by implementing excellent thermal management, as per the derating curve in Figure 8.

Q: Can I use these LEDs for outdoor applications?
A: Yes, the EMC package offers good environmental resistance. However, for outdoor use, the entire luminaire must be properly sealed and designed to manage condensation and environmental stresses. The operating temperature range of -40°C to +85°C supports most outdoor conditions.

Q: Why is the forward voltage tolerance ±0.5V important?
A: This tolerance impacts the design of the power supply, especially when connecting multiple LEDs in series. The driver must accommodate the total possible voltage range of the string. Selecting LEDs from the same voltage bin (Table 7) can simplify driver design and improve system efficiency.

9. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Scenario: Designing a 1200lm LED Panel Light for Office Use.
A designer aims to create a 600mm x 600mm LED panel light with a neutral white color (4000K, CRI>80) and an output of 1200 lumens.

Component Selection: The designer selects the T3C40821C-**AA model (Neutral White, 3985K typical). From Table 6, for the 40M5 color bin, a flux rank of 2H offers 148-156 lumens at 25mA. Choosing the typical value of 152 lm for calculation.

Quantity Calculation: To achieve 1200 lm, approximately 1200 lm / 152 lm per LED ≈ 8 LEDs are needed at 25mA each.

Thermal & Electrical Design: The 8 LEDs will be arranged on an aluminum MCPCB. Total power at 25mA and typical V_F (5.2V): 8 * (0.025A * 5.2V) = 1.04W. The thermal design must ensure the LED solder point temperature remains low enough to keep the junction below 115°C, utilizing the R_{th j-sp} of 11°C/W. A constant current driver outputting 25mA with a voltage compliance covering 8 * V_F (considering bin 2: 4.8-5.0V) is selected.

Outcome: This design leverages the LED's high efficacy and EMC thermal performance to create a reliable, efficient, and uniform office lighting fixture.

10. Ka'idojin Fasaha da Trends

10.1 Ka'idar Aiki

Waɗannan LED ɗin sun dogara ne akan fasahar semiconductor. Lokacin da aka sanya ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman kayan da tsarin sassan semiconductor suna ƙayyade tsawon raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. An shafa murfin phosphor akan guntu mai fitar da shuɗi don canza wani ɓangare na hasken shuɗi zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa masu tsayi, ƙirƙirar babban bakan hasken fari tare da CCT da CRI da ake so.

10.2 Trends na Masana'antu

Sashin LED mai matsakaicin ƙarfi yana ci gaba da haɓakawa zuwa mafi girman inganci (lumens a kowace watt) da ingantaccen aminci a maki masu tsada. Babban abubuwan da ke faruwa sun haɗa da yaduwar amfani da EMC da sauran kayan aikin kayan aikin yumbu don mafi kyawun aikin zafi da tsawon rai. Hakanan ana mai da hankali sosai kan haɓaka ingancin launi da daidaito, tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin rarraba da zaɓuɓɓukan CRI mafi girma suna zama na yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin gwiwar direba da kuma iya sarrafawa mai hankali suna zama mahimmanci ga tsarin fitila na gaba. Dandalin 3030 EMC yana wakiltar cikakkiyar mafita da ingantacciyar mafita a cikin waɗannan ci gaban masana'antu na gudana.