Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na LED 67-22ST - Nau'in PLCC-2 - 65mA - 2.9V Matsakaici - Haske Fari - Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin 67-22ST suna wakiltar dangin LED na Tsakiyar Ƙarfi na SMD (Surface-Mount Device) waɗanda aka tattara su cikin tsarin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) wanda ya zama ma'auni a masana'antu. Waɗannan sassan an ƙera su don samar da ingantaccen fitar da haske fari, wanda ya sa su dace da faɗin aikace-aikacen haske na gaba ɗaya da na ado. Babban falsafar ƙira ta ta'allaka ne akan cimma ma'auni mai kyau tsakanin aikin haske, ingantaccen amfani da makamashi, dogaro, da ingancin farashi.

LED tana amfani da fasahar guntu na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) wanda aka lulluɓe a cikin resin mai tsabta kamar ruwa. Wannan haɗin yana da alhakin samar da hasken fari. Kunshin yana da siffa ta ƙanƙanta da kuma faɗin kusurwar kallo, yawanci digiri 120, wanda ke sauƙaƙe rarraba haske daidai. Wani muhimmin siffa na wannan jerin shine bin ƙa'idodin muhalli da tsaro na zamani, ciki har da rashin gubar (Pb-free), bin ka'idodin RoHS, bin ka'idodin REACH, da kuma cika buƙatun rashin halogen (Br<900ppm, Cl<900ppm, Br+Cl<1500ppm).

Babban kasuwonin da ake nufi da wannan LED sun haɗa da hasken yanayi na gaba ɗaya, hasken ado da na gine-gine, hasken nishaɗi, hasken baya don nuna alama, da ayyukan haskakawa daban-daban inda ake buƙatar ingantaccen haske fari mai daidaito. Tsarinsa da ma'auni na aiki sun yi daidai da haɗawa cikin igiyoyin LED, sassa, fale-falen haske, da kuma fitilar maye gurbin.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bayani game da muhimman ma'auni waɗanda ke ayyana iyakokin aiki da aikin LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin da aka saba (Tsoldering = 25°C).

2.1 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin matsin lamba waɗanda bayansu lalacewa ta dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin ko a waɗannan iyakokin ba kuma ya kamata a guje su a cikin ƙira mai dogaro.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IF):180 mA (Ci gaba).
• Kololuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (IFP):300 mA (Pulsed, Duty Cycle 1/10, Faɗin bugun jini 10ms). Wannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar da suka haɗa da PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) dimming.
• Rushewar Ƙarfi (Pd):522 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da kunshin zai iya watsawa ba tare da wuce iyakokin zafinsa ba.
• Zazzabin Aiki (Topr):-40°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don yin aiki a cikin faɗin kewayon zafin yanayi.
• Zazzabin Ajiya (Tstg):-40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Juriya na Zafi (RθJ-S):21 °C/W (Junction zuwa wurin solder). Wannan ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci ga ƙirar sarrafa zafi. Yana nuna cewa ga kowace watt na ƙarfin da aka watsar, zazzabin junction zai tashi 21°C sama da zazzabin wurin solder.
• Matsakaicin Zazzabin Junction (Tj):115°C. Junction na semiconductor bai kamata ya wuce wannan zazzabin ba.
• Zazzabin Solder:An ƙayyade solder na sake kunnawa a 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10. Ana ba da izinin solder na hannu a 350°C na matsakaicin dakika 3. Dole ne a bi waɗannan iyakokan sosai yayin haɗin PCB.

Muhimmin Bayanin Kula:Waɗannan LED suna da hankali ga Rushewar Lantarki ta Electrostatic (ESD). Dole ne a bi hanyoyin sarrafa ESD da suka dace (amfani da bel ɗin wuyan da aka kafa, tabarmi masu ɗaukar lantarki, da sauransu) yayin haɗawa da sarrafawa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana aikin yau da kullun na LED lokacin da ake aiki da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 65mA.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Φ):Matsakaicin fitar da haske ya bambanta da bambancin samfur (Correlated Color Temperature - CCT), ya kewayo daga 36 lm zuwa 39 lm kamar yadda aka lissafa a cikin teburin samar da yawa. Ana amfani da ƙimar sallamar yau da kullun na ±11%.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Matsakaicin ƙimar shine 2.9V a 65mA, tare da ƙimar sallamar yau da kullun na ±0.1V. Ainihin VF an rarraba shi (duba Sashe na 3).
• Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI - Ra):Matsakaicin ƙimar shine 80 don lambar rumbun "K", tare da sallamar ±2. An ƙayyade ƙimar R9 (cikar ja) a matsayin mafi ƙarancin 0.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Yawanci digiri 120. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa.
• Ingancin Haske (Luminous Efficacy):Ingancin yau da kullun ya kai 225 lm/W don wasu bambance-bambance (misali, 4000K, 5000K), wanda aka ƙididdige shi a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 65mA.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 50 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED cikin rumbuna. Jerin 67-22ST suna amfani da cikakken tsarin rarrabuwa don mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI)

Lambar samfurin ta ƙunshi lamba don CRI. Ga wannan jerin, ana amfani da lambar "K", wacce ta dace da mafi ƙarancin CRI (Ra) na 80.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske (Luminous Flux)

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske bisa ga CCT na LED. Lambar rumbun (misali, 36L2, 39L2) tana ayyana mafi ƙarancin da matsakaicin kewayon ƙarfin haske a cikin lumens.

• 2700K:Rumbuna sun haɗa da 36L2 (36-38 lm), 38L2 (38-40 lm), 40L2 (40-42 lm).
• 3000K/3500K:Rumbuna sun haɗa da 38L2 (38-40 lm), 40L2 (40-42 lm), 42L2 (42-44 lm).
• 4000K/5000K/5700K/6500K:Rumbuna sun haɗa da 39L2 (39-41 lm), 41L2 (41-43 lm), 43L2 (43-45 lm).

Sallamar akan ƙarfin haske ita ce ±11%.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF)

Ana rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba kuma a rarraba shi don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira don tuƙin lantarki mai daidaito. Lambar rumbun wani ɓangare ne na lambar samfur (misali, "29" a cikin 5M403929U6).

• Ƙungiya 2629:Wannan ƙungiyar ta haɗa da rumbuna 26A (2.6-2.7V), 27A (2.7-2.8V), da 28A (2.8-2.9V). Misalin lambar samfur yana amfani da iyakar sama na wannan ƙungiyar, 2.9V matsakaici.

Sallamar akan ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ita ce ±0.1V.

3.4 Rarrabuwar Launi (Chromaticity)

Ana rarraba LED a cikin ellipse na MacAdam mai mataki 5 ga kowane Correlated Color Temperature (CCT). Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa duk LED na CCT ɗaya da aka oda (2700K, 3000K, 3500K, 4000K, 5000K, 5700K, 6500K) za su kasance daidai a gani a launi, saboda suna cikin ƙaramin yanki a kan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Teburin da aka bayar ya lissafa maƙasudin Cx, Cy daidaitattun maki da ma'auni na ellipse (a, b, theta) ga kowane mataki na CCT. Sallamar ga ma'auni na launi ita ce ±0.01.

4. Bincike akan Lissafin Aiki

Takardar bayani tana ba da zane-zane da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta alaƙar tsakanin mahimman ma'auni. Fahimtar waɗannan yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar tsarin ƙarfi.

4.1 Canjin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba daidai da Zazzabi na Junction (Hoto na 1)

Wannan lissafin yana nuna cewa ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) na LED yana raguwa a layi daya yayin da zazzabin junction (Tj) ya karu. Wannan siffa ce ta diodes na semiconductor. Don sarrafa zafi ko ƙirar tuƙi mai tsayayyen lantarki, dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan ƙimar zafin mara kyau don guje wa guduwar zafi idan ana amfani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayi.

4.2 Ƙarfin Haske Dangane da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Hoto na 2)

Fitar da haske ba ta daidaita daidai da lantarki ba. Yayin da fitarwa ke ƙaruwa tare da lantarki, dangantakar tana zuwa ƙasa da layi a manyan lantarki saboda raguwar inganci da ƙarin tasirin zafi. Yin aiki sosai sama da na yau da kullun na 65mA zai haifar da raguwar dawowa a cikin fitar da haske kowace watt kuma zai haifar da ƙarin zafi.

4.3 Ƙarfin Haske Dangane da Zazzabi na Junction (Hoto na 3)

Wannan ɗaya ne daga cikin mahimman lissafai. Yana nuna raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zazzabin junction na LED ya tashi. Manyan zafin junction kai tsaye yana haifar da ƙarancin inganci (lumens kowace watt) da saurin raguwar lumen (gajeriyar rayuwa). Ingantaccen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai.

4.4 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba daidai da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Hoto na 4)

Wannan shine lissafin I-V (Current-Voltage) na gargajiya na diode. Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni. Ga direba mai tsayayyen lantarki da aka saita zuwa 65mA, ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED zai kasance kusan 2.9V ko ƙasa da haka, ya danganta da takamaiman rumbun VF da zazzabi.

4.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Tuƙi daidai da Zazzabin Solder (Hoto na 5)

Wannan zanen yana ayyana raguwar matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da aka yarda bisa zazzabi a wurin solder (Ts). Yayin da Ts ya karu, dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na aiki mai aminci don hana zazzabin junction ya wuce iyakarsa na 115°C. Wannan ginshiƙi yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin manyan yanayin zafi.

4.6 Zanen Rarraba Haske (Radiation Diagram) (Hoto na 6)

Wannan zanen polar yana wakiltar rarraba ƙarfin haske a sarari. 67-22ST yana nuna tsarin rarraba Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian, wanda aka saba da shi ga kunshin PLCC tare da ruwan tabarau na dome, wanda ke haifar da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

4.7 Rarraba Bakan Haske (Spectrum)

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da zanen rarraba ƙarfin bakan (tsawon zango daidai da ƙarfin dangi). Wannan yana nuna bayanin fitar da LED a cikin bakan da ake iya gani. Ga LED masu haske fari, wannan yawanci kololuwar shuɗi ce (daga guntun InGaN) hade da mafi faɗin fitar da phosphor rawaya. Siffar wannan lissafin yana rinjayar Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI) kai tsaye da ingancin hasken fari da ake gani.

5. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan da Ya kamata a Yi la'akari

5.1 Tuƙin Lantarki

Tuƙin Lantarki Mai Tsayi Dole ne:LED na'urori ne masu tuƙin lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar direba mai tsayayyen lantarki (CC) sosai don tabbatar da ingantaccen fitar da haske da hana guduwar zafi. Ƙarfin lantarki na tuƙi na yau da kullun shine 65mA. Yayin da matsakaicin cikakke shine 180mA, aiki sama da lantarki na yau da kullun zai rage inganci da tsawon rai. Don dimming, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) ita ce hanyar da aka fi so saboda tana kiyaye daidaiton launi.

5.2 Gudanar da Zafi (Thermal Management)

Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin abu guda ɗaya don dogaro da aiki.

• Nutsewar Zafi (Heat Sinking):Dole ne PCB ya zama ingantaccen nutsewar zafi. Yi amfani da allon da ke da isasshen yanki na jan ƙarfe (copper pour) wanda aka haɗa zuwa kushin zafi na LED (wuraren solder).
• Hanyar Zafi (Thermal Path):Rage juriya na zafi daga junction na LED zuwa yanayin yanayi. RθJ-S na 21°C/W shine juriya daga junction zuwa wurin solder na allonku. Dole ne ku ƙara juriya daga allon zuwa yanayi.
• Ƙididdigewa:Yi kiyasin Tj ta amfani da: Tj = Ts + (Pd * RθJ-S), inda Ts shine aunannen zazzabi a wurin solder akan PCB. Tabbatar Tj ya kasance ƙasa da 115°C a ƙarƙashin duk yanayin aiki.

5.3 Haɗaɗɗun Na'urorin Gani (Optical Integration)

Faɗin kusurwar bugun haske na digiri 120 ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai watsewa, ko da daidai. Don ƙarin mayar da hankali ga bugun haske, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu nunawa). Kunshin resin mai tsabta kamar ruwa yana dacewa da yawancin kayan gani na gama gari.

6. Kwatance da Bambance-bambance

Jerin 67-22ST suna sanya kansu a cikin kasuwar LED na Tsakiyar Ƙarfi mai gasa ta hanyar sifofi masu mahimmanci da yawa:

• Ma'auni na Aiki:Yana ba da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi na inganci (har zuwa 225 lm/W na yau da kullun.), ingantaccen CRI (80 mafi ƙarancin.), da faɗin kewayon CCT, yana mai da shi kayan aiki na gaba ɗaya mai fa'ida.
• Kunshin da aka Daidaita:Kunshin PLCC-2 yana ko'ina, yana tabbatar da haɗin kai mai faɗi tare da hanyoyin samarwa da ake da su, kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa, da tsarin gani.
• Cikakken Rarrabuwa (Binning):Cikakken rarrabuwa don ƙarfin haske, ƙarfin lantarki, da launi (ellipse na MacAdam mai mataki 5) yana ba masu ƙira da hasashen da ake buƙata don ingancin samfur na ƙarshe mai daidaito, musamman a cikin tsararrun LED da yawa.
• Bin Ka'idojin Muhalli:Cikakken bin ka'idodin RoHS, REACH, da ƙa'idodin rashin halogen yana ba da garantin ƙira don kasuwannin duniya masu ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodi.

7. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

7.1 Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED ta amfani da tushen ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayi (constant voltage)?

Ba a ba da shawarar ba. Ƙimar zafin mara kyau na VF na iya haifar da guduwar zafi idan an tuƙa shi da ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayi. Direba mai tsayayyen lantarki yana da mahimmanci don aiki mai tsayi da aminci.

7.2 Menene ma'anar "U6" a cikin lambar samfur?

"U6" shine ma'aunin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, yana ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na aiki na yau da kullun (IF) na 65mA.

7.3 Takardar bayani ta lissafa mafi ƙarancin R9 a matsayin 0. Wannan yana nufin menen game da ingancin launi?

Ƙimar R9 na 0 tana nuna cewa wannan LED ba ta ba da garantin ingantaccen nuna launukan ja mai zurfi ba. Yayin da ya cika buƙatun gabaɗaya na CRI Ra na 80+, aikace-aikacen da ingantaccen nuna launukan ja ke da mahimmanci (misali, hasken kantin sayar da nama ko kayan lambu) na iya buƙatar LED tare da ƙimar R9 da aka ƙayyade mafi girma (misali, >50).

7.4 LED nawa zan iya haɗa a jere?

Adadin ya dogara da kewayon yarda da fitar da ƙarfin lantarki na direbanka. Tare da matsakaicin VF na 2.9V kowace LED a 65mA, direba na 24V a ka'idar zai iya tuƙa kusan LED 8 a jere (8 * 2.9V = 23.2V), yana barin ɗan sarari. Koyaushe yi la'akari da sallamar ƙarfin lantarki da tasirin zazzabi.

8. Misalin Ƙira na Aiki

Yanayi:Ƙirar ƙirar LED mai layi don hasken ƙarƙashin kanti tare da LED 10, CCT 4000K, ana tuƙa su a 65mA.

1. Zaɓin Sashe:Zaɓi 67-22ST/KKX-5M403929U6/2T. Wannan yana ƙayyade: CRI 80+ (K), CCT 4000K (4039), Mafi ƙarancin Ƙarfin Haske 39 lm (39), Matsakaicin VF 2.9V (29), Lantarki 65mA (U6).
2. Ƙirar Lantarki:Zaɓi direba mai tsayayyen lantarki tare da fitarwa na 65mA. Dole ne kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na direba ya ƙunshi aƙalla 10 * (VF mafi ƙarancin) zuwa 10 * (VF matsakaici) = ~26V zuwa 29V, da gefe.
3. Ƙirar Zafi (Thermal Design):Yi amfani da PCB mai tushen aluminum (MCPCB) ko daidaitaccen PCB na FR4 tare da babban filin jan ƙarfe mara karye a saman da aka haɗa zuwa kushin LED. Tabbatar cewa ginin kayan aiki yana ba da hanyar watsar da zafi.
4. Ƙirar Gani (Optical Design):Don haske mai watsewa, ana iya amfani da LED ɗin a tsirara. Don ƙarin kamanni iri ɗaya, ana iya sanya murfin mai watsewa akan tsararrun.
5. Aikin da ake tsammani:Jimillar ƙarfin haske zai kasance kusan 10 * [39 zuwa 41 lm] = 390 zuwa 410 lm (mafi ƙarancin, bisa ga rumbun), tare da ingancin tsarin wanda ya dogara sosai da ƙirar zafi da ingancin direba.