Bayanin Fasaha na LED na Tsakiya Mai Ƙarfi 67-23ST - Kunshin PLCC-2 - Ƙarfin Lantarki 55V iyaka - Haske Fari

1. Bayanin Samfur

Jerin 67-23ST ƙaramin LED ne na Tsakiya Mai Ƙarfi (SMD) wanda aka sanya a cikin daidaitaccen kunshin PLCC-2. An tsara shi don fitar da hasken fari a cikin yanayin zafin launi daban-daban (CCT). Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da ingantaccen haske, kyakkyawan ikon nuna launi (tare da zaɓuɓɓukan CRI har zuwa 90 aƙalla), faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki. Kunshin ba shi da gubar, ba shi da halogen, kuma ya bi manyan umarnin muhalli kamar RoHS da EU REACH, wanda ya sa ya dace da fa'ida mai yawa na hasken gabaɗaya da na ado inda aminci da ingancin haske suka fi muhimmanci.

1.1 Ayyukan Da Ake Nufi

• Hasken Cikin Gida Na Gabaɗaya da Na Yanayi
• Hasken Ado da Na Gine-gine
• Hasken Nishaɗi da Na Dandali
• Ayyukan Nuna Alama da Hasken Baya
• Hasken Maɓalli da Panel ɗin Sarrafawa

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ma'auni

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Ya kamata a ci gaba da aiki a cikin waɗannan iyakokin.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki Na Gaba (I_F):20 mA (Ci gaba)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki Na Gaba Mafi Girma (I_FP):40 mA (Pulsed, Duty Cycle 1/10, Faɗin Pulse 10ms)
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):1100 mW
• Yanayin Zafin Aiki (T_opr):-40°C zuwa +85°C
• Yanayin Zafin Ajiya (T_stg):-40°C zuwa +100°C
• Juriya na Zafi (R_{th J-S}):12 °C/W (Mahaɗa zuwa Matsayin Solder)
• Matsakaicin Yanayin Zafin Mahada (T_j):115 °C
• Zafin Solder:Reflow: 260°C na dakika 10 iyaka; Solder na Hannu: 350°C na dakika 3 iyaka.

Lura:Wannan na'urar tana da hankali ga Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD). Dole ne a bi tsarin sarrafa ESD yadda ya kamata yayin haɗawa da sarrafawa.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

An auna shi a zafin maƙallan solder (T_soldering) na 25°C tare da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (I_F) na 17mA, wanda shine yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Φ):Ƙananan ƙimomi suna daga 140 lm zuwa 155 lm dangane da CCT (duba Jerin Samarwa). Matsakaicin jurewa shine ±11%.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki Na Gaba (V_F):Matsakaicin ma'auni shine 55.0V. Matsakaicin rarrabuwa yana daga 50V zuwa 55V. Jurewa shine ±0.1V.
• Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI/Ra):Ana samun ƙananan ƙimomi daga 60 zuwa 90 (duba Teburin CRI Index). Ga jerin samarwa, Ra (Min.) shine 80. Jurewa shine ±2.
• Ƙimar R9:An ƙayyade shi a matsayin 0 (mafi ƙanƙanta) ga samfuran da aka jera, yana nuna yuwuwar iyakancewa a cikin jikewar ja mai zurfi wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga wasu tsarin phosphor na LED fari.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2):digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan faɗin kusurwa yana tabbatar da rarraba haske daidai.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarrabawa na ma'auni na ANSI don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da ƙarfin haske. Lambar samfurin ta ƙunshi lambobin waɗannan kwandon.

3.1 Rarraba Lambar Samfur

Misali:67-23ST/KKE-H27140550Z2/2T

• 67-23ST/: Nau'in kunshi (PLCC-2).
• KKE: Lambar ciki.
• H: Lambar CRI Index (H = CRI 90 Min.). Ga samfuran samarwa, 'H' yayi daidai da CRI 80 Min. (Duba Teburin CRI).
• 27: Lambar Zafin Launi (27 = 2700K).
• 140: Lambar Ƙarfin Haske Mafi Ƙanƙanta (140 = 140 lm min).
• 550: Ma'aunin Ƙarfin Lantarki Na Gaba (550 = 55.0V max).
• Z2: Ma'aunin Ƙarfin Lantarki Na Gaba (Z2 = I_F17mA).
• 2T: Adadin kayan da ake jera a kowane reel (2T = takamaiman adadin reel).

3.2 Rarrabawar Matsayin Launi

Matsayin fari na LED (launi) ana sarrafa shi sosai a cikin yankunan da aka ayyana akan zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931. Bayanin fasaha yana ba da takamaiman akwatunan (x, y) na matsayi ga kowane CCT (2700K, 3000K, 3500K, da sauransu) da ƙaramin kwandon (A, B, C...). Misali, ga 2700K, kwandon kamar 27K-A, 27K-B suna ayyana yankuna daban-daban na quadrilateral suna tabbatar da cewa hasken fari da aka fitar ya faɗi cikin takamaiman kewayon launi, yawanci a cikin ellipse na MacAdam mai matakai 2 ko 4, yana ba da garantin ƙarancin bambancin launi na gani tsakanin LEDs daga kwandon ɗaya.

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske a matakai. Misali, a 2700K:

• Kwandon140L10: 140 lm (Min.) zuwa 150 lm (Max.)
• Kwandon150L10: 150 lm (Min.) zuwa 160 lm (Max.)

3.4 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Lantarki Na Gaba

Ana rarraba ƙarfin lantarki a matakai na 1V daga 50V zuwa 55V (misali, 50J: 50-51V, 51J: 51-52V). Wannan yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar da'irori masu tuƙi masu inganci ta hanyar daidaita kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na LED, yana iya sauƙaƙa ƙa'idar halin yanzu.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki & Abubuwan Tunani na Zane

Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman zane-zane (IV, zafin jiki vs. ƙarfin haske) a cikin abin da aka cire, ana iya fahimtar mahimman alaƙa daga sigogi.

4.1 Halin Yanzu vs. Ƙarfin Haske (Dangantakar L-I)

An ƙayyade ƙarfin haske a 17mA. Yin aiki sama da wannan halin yanzu (har zuwa matsakaicin iyaka na 20mA) zai ƙara fitowar haske amma kuma zai ƙara rushewar wutar lantarki (V_F* I_F) da zafin mahada. Dangantakar gabaɗaya ta layi ne a cikin kewayon, amma inganci (lumens a kowace watt) na iya raguwa a manyan halayen yanzu saboda ƙarin zafi.

4.2 Gudanar da Zafi

Tare da juriya na zafi (R_{th J-S}) na 12°C/W, ingantaccen zanen zafi na PCB yana da mahimmanci. Misali, a ƙimar 17mA da na yau da kullun V_Fna ~52.5V, rushewar wutar lantarki shine ~0.89W. Hawan zafi daga maƙallan solder zuwa mahada zai kasance kusan 0.89W * 12°C/W = ~10.7°C. Don kiyaye zafin mahada (T_j) ƙasa da 115°C, dole ne a kiyaye zafin maƙallan solder ƙasa da ~104°C. Wannan yana buƙatar isasshen yanki na tagulla akan PCB (kafet ɗin zafi) kuma mai yiwuwa iska a cikin aikace-aikacen ƙarshe.

4.3 Zanen Mai Tuƙi

Babban ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (har zuwa 55V) yana nuna cewa wannan LED yana ƙunshe da yawancin ƙwayoyin LED da aka haɗa a jere a cikin kunshi ɗaya. Mai tuƙi na halin yanzu na dindindin wajibi ne, ba tushen ƙarfin lantarki na dindindin ba. Dole ne a tsara mai tuƙi don sarrafa matsakaicin V_Fna zaɓaɓɓen kwandon ƙarfin lantarki kuma ya ba da 17mA mai ƙarfi (ko wani halin yanzu da aka tsara a cikin iyakoki).

5. Bayanin Injiniya & Kunshi

5.1 Tsarin Kunshi

Na'urar tana amfani da na'urar da aka sanya a saman PLCC-2 na gama-gari. Duk da yake ba a ƙayyade daidaitattun ma'auni (L x W x H) a cikin rubutun da aka bayar, siffar PLCC-2 ma'auni ne na masana'antu. Duban sama shine farkon saman fitarwa. Resin ɗin kunshi yana da tsabta, wanda ya fi dacewa don samun ingantaccen ingancin fitar da haske da kuma kiyaye daidaiton launi.

5.2 Gano Ƙarfi

Kunshin PLCC-2 yawanci suna da alamar cathode (sau da yawa kore, tsaga, ko yanke kusurwa akan ruwan tabarau ko jiki). Dole ne a kiyaye daidaitaccen ƙarfi yayin haɗin PCB. Juya ƙarfi zai hana LED haskakawa kuma yana iya damun na'urar.

6. Jagororin Solder & Haɗawa

• Solder Reflow:Bai kamata a wuce matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C fiye da dakika 10 ba. Matsakaicin reflow maras gubar ya dace.
• Solder na Hannu:Idan ya cancanta, zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe ya kamata a iyakance zuwa 350°C, kuma lokacin tuntuɓar bai kamata ya wuce dakika 3 a kowane kafet ba don hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin filastik da haɗin ciki.
• Ajiya:Ajiye a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, maras lantarki a cikin kewayon zafin ajiya da aka ƙayyade (-40°C zuwa +100°C).

7. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace & Bayanan Zane

7.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Waɗannan LEDs suna buƙatar mai tuƙi na halin yanzu na waje. Da'ira mai sauƙi ta ƙunshi wadataccen wutar lantarki DC, mai tuƙi na LED mai sauya halin yanzu na dindindin IC, da kuma na'urar LED. Dole ne a zaɓi IC mai tuƙi dangane da kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na shigarwa, halin yanzu na fitarwa da ake buƙata (17mA), da jimlar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na jerin LED (idan an yi amfani da LEDs 67-23ST da yawa a jere).

7.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Tsarin PCB

• Kafet ɗin Zafi:Yi zanen sawun PCB tare da isasshen yanki na tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa kafet ɗin zafi na LED (idan akwai) ko kafet ɗin cathode/anode don zama mai sanyaya zafi. Hanyoyin zafi zuwa ciki ko ƙananan yadudduka na iya inganta rushewar zafi sosai.
• Keɓewar Lantarki:Tabbatar da nisa mai dacewa na creepage da clearance, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da babban ƙarfin lantarki na aiki (har zuwa 55V).

8. Kwatancen Fasaha & Bambance-bambance

67-23ST ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar haɗuwa daaiki mai ƙarfin lantarki(sauƙaƙa haɗin jere don samar da ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma),zaɓuɓɓukan CRI masu girma(har zuwa 90), dafaɗin kusurwar kallo. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na tsakiya, yana rage buƙatar halin yanzu don matakin wutar lantarki da aka ƙayyade, wanda zai iya rage asarar juriya a cikin alamun da masu haɗawa. Biyansa ga marasa halogen da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin muhalli ya sa ya dace ga kasuwanni masu hankali ga muhalli da masu buƙatu.

9. Tambayoyin da Ake Yi Akai-akai (Dangane da Sigogi)

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED tare da wadataccen wutar lantarki 12V ko 24V kai tsaye?

A: A'a. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ya fi girma sosai (50-55V). Ana buƙatar da'irar mai tuƙi na halin yanzu na dindindin wanda zai iya haɓaka ƙarfin lantarki na shigarwa ya wuce V na LED_F.

Q: Menene ma'anar ƙimar R9 na 0 ga ingancin haske?

A> Ƙananan ƙimar R9 ko sifili yana nuna LED bazai iya nuna launukan ja mai zurfi da haske ba. Wannan ya yarda da yawancin aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya amma yana iya zama la'akari ga hasken dillali (nama, kayayyaki, yadi) ko hasken gidan kayan gargajiya inda daidaitaccen nuna ja ke da mahimmanci. Duba takamaiman kwandon CRI don ƙayyadaddun R9 idan akwai.

Q: Nawa ne LEDs da zan iya haɗawa a jere?

A> Ya dogara da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na fitarwa na mai tuƙi. Misali, tare da mai tuƙi da aka ƙidaya don 150V max kuma ta amfani da LEDs tare da max V_Fna 55V, za ku iya haɗa LEDs 2 a jere (110V max) tare da gefen aminci. Koyaushe ku yi zane tare da mafi munin yanayi (Max. V_F) ƙimomi.

10. Ka'idar Aiki & Fasaha

Wannan LED ne mai canza fari na phosphor. Tushen shine guntu na semiconductor dangane da kayan InGaN, wanda ke fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka nuna son zuciya. Wannan hasken shuɗi yana motsa murfin phosphor na rawaya (kuma sau da yawa ja) a cikin kunshi. Haɗuwar sauran hasken shuɗi da canza hasken rawaya/ja yana haifar da fahimtar hasken fari. Daidaitaccen haɗuwar phosphors yana ƙayyade Yanayin Zafin Launi Mai Alaƙa (CCT - 2700K, 4000K, da sauransu) da Ma'aunin Nuna Launi (CRI). Kunshin PLCC-2 yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, rufewar muhalli, kuma yana ɗauke da ruwan tabarau na farko wanda ke siffanta katakon digiri 120.