Mini Top View LED Jerin 65-11 Takardar Bayani - Girman 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.75-3.65V - Ƙarfi 110mW - Farin Launi - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Jerin 65-11 yana wakiltar iyali na Mini Top View Surface-Mount Device (SMD) LEDs. An ƙera wannan samfurin a matsayin ƙaramin kayan aikin nuni na gani, yana amfani da guntu na semiconductor na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride) don samar da tsantsar fitar da haske mai tsabta. An lulluɓe LED a cikin kunshin resin mai tsabta kamar ruwa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen aikin gani. Babban siffar ƙira shine haɗakar mai nuna haske a cikin kunshin. Wannan mai nuna haske yana inganta fitar da haske da ingancin haɗawa, wanda ya sa wannan LED ya dace musamman don aikace-aikacen da suka haɗa da bututun haske ko jagororin haske inda ingantaccen canja wurin haske mai mahimmanci.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Manufa

Babban fa'idodin wannan jerin LED ya samo asali ne daga ƙirar kunshinsa da zaɓin kayan aiki. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 (na yau da kullun) yana tabbatar da babban gani daga kusurwoyi daban-daban, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga alamun yanayin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, dashbodin motoci, da kwamfutolin sarrafa masana'antu. Kunshin SMT (Surface Mount Technology) yana ba da damar haɗawa ta atomatik cikin sauri ta amfani da daidaitattun hanyoyin siyar da IR (Infrared) reflow, wanda ke rage farashin masana'antu sosai kuma yana inganta amincin su idan aka kwatanta da abubuwan da ke ratsa rami. An ƙayyade samfurin a matsayin mara gubar kuma yana bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Haɗari), yana cika ƙa'idodin muhalli na duniya. Kasuwannin manufa suna da faɗi, sun haɗa da hasken baya na LCDs da maɓallan maɓalli (musamman a cikin na'urorin hannu), ayyukan nuni na gabaɗaya, da hasken musamman inda ake buƙatar haɗawa cikin jagororin haske na acrylic ko polycarbonate.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken fassara, mai ma'ana na mahimman sigogi na lantarki, gani, da zafin jiki da aka ƙayyade a cikin takardar bayanai. Fahimtar waɗannan iyakoki da halaye shine tushe don ƙirar da'ira mai dogaro.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar yana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na na'urar na iya faruwa. Waɗannan ba sharuɗɗan aiki na yau da kullun ba ne.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki Mai Juya Baya (V_R):5V. Wuce wannan ƙarfin lantarki a cikin alkiblar juya baya na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwa.
• Ci gaba da Gaba Ci gaba (I_F):30mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC wanda za'a iya amfani dashi akai-akai.
• Kololuwar Gaba Ci gaba (I_FP):100mA. Wannan ƙimar halin yanzu mai bugun jini (a cikin aikin 1/10 da mitar 1kHz) yana ba da damar yanayin wuce gona da iri na ɗan lokaci, mai amfani don haɗawa da yawa ko ƙirƙirar walƙiya mai haske.
• Rushewar Ƙarfi (P_d):110mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin ƙarfin da kunshin zai iya watsawa azaman zafi a yanayin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C. Wuce wannan iyaka yana haifar da haɗarin guduwar zafi.
• Zubar da Wutar Lantarki (ESD):2000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum). Wannan ƙimar tana nuna matsakaicin matakin kariya na ESD da aka gina a ciki, amma har yanzu ana ba da shawarar sarrafawa tare da matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:-40°C zuwa +85°C / -40°C zuwa +90°C. Waɗannan jeri suna ayyana yanayin muhalli don amfani da ajiyar da ba ta aiki ba.
• Zafin Solder:Na'urar na iya jurewa siyar da IR reflow tare da kololuwar zafin jiki na 260°C na dakika 10, ko siyar da hannu a 350°C na dakika 3.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki-Gani

Ana auna waɗannan sigogi a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (T_a=25°C, I_F=20mA) kuma suna ayyana aikin na'urar.

• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):715 zuwa 1800 mcd (millicandela). Wannan shine babban ma'auni na hasken LED. Faɗin kewayon yana nuna ana amfani da tsarin binning (duba Sashe na 3). Ana amfani da matsakaicin halin yanzu na 20mA don ƙayyadewa.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 120 (na yau da kullun). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa. Faɗin kusurwar sakamakon kunshin kallon sama da ƙirar ruwan tabarau/mai nuna haske ne.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):2.75V zuwa 3.65V. Wannan shine faɗuwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin da ake tuƙa shi a 20mA. Bambancin ya samo asali ne daga haƙƙin tsarin semiconductor kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar binning ƙarfin lantarki.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samar da yawa, ana rarraba LEDs zuwa ƙungiyoyin aiki ko \"kwantena.\" Wannan takardar bayanai tana ayyana kwantena don ƙarfin haske da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken

Ana rarraba LEDs zuwa kwantena huɗu (V1, V2, W1, W2) dangane da ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a 20mA. Misali, LED na kwandon V1 zai kasance yana da ƙarfi tsakanin 715 da 900 mcd, yayin da LED na kwandon W2 zai kasance tsakanin 1420 da 1800 mcd. Dole ne masu ƙira su ƙayyade kwandon da ake buƙata lokacin yin oda don tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin matakin haske don aikace-aikacensu.

3.2 Binning Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba

An rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku (E5, E6, E7) a ƙarƙashin rarrabuwar \"E\". Misali, kwandon E5 ya ƙunshi V_Fdaga 2.75V zuwa 3.05V. Zaɓin LEDs daga kwandon ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya yana da mahimmanci don ƙira inda aka haɗa LEDs da yawa a layi daya, saboda yana tabbatar da mafi daidaiton rabon halin yanzu da haske.

3.3 Binning Haɗin Haɗin Launi

An ayyana launin farin haske ta hanyar daidaitattun sa (x, y) akan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Takardar bayanai tana nuna manyan kwantena huɗu (B3, B4, B5, B6) waɗanda ke ayyana takamaiman yankuna akan wannan zane. Kowane kwandon yana da takamaiman yanki mai siffar huɗu. Misali, kwandon B3 ya ƙunshi yanki tare da daidaitattun x daga ~0.283 zuwa 0.304 da daidaitattun y daga ~0.295 zuwa 0.330. Wannan binning yana tabbatar da ma'anar launin fari (ma'anar zafin jiki mai alaƙa - CCT) ya faɗi cikin kewayon da ake yarda da shi, yana hana bambance-bambancen launi da ake iya gani tsakanin LEDs a cikin jeri. Haƙƙin waɗannan daidaitattun shine ±0.01.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Lanƙwasa halayen na yau da kullun suna ba da haske game da yadda LED ke nuna hali a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na daidaitaccen tsari ba.

4.1 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken da Gaba Ci gaba

Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna cewa fitar da haske ba ya daidai da halin yanzu. Yayin da fitarwa ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu, inganci (lumens kowace watt) yawanci yana raguwa a manyan halayen yanzu saboda ƙaruwar samar da zafi a cikin guntu. Tuƙi LED sama da shawarar 20mA na tsawon lokaci zai rage rayuwa kuma yana iya canza launi.

4.2 Lanƙwasa Rage Ƙimar Gaba Ci gaba

Wannan zane ne mai mahimmanci don sarrafa zafi. Yana nuna matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka halatta a matsayin aikin yanayin yanayi (T_a). Yayin da T_aya ƙaru, ikon LED na watsar da zafi yana raguwa. Saboda haka, dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na aiki mai aminci. Misali, a yanayin yanayi na 85°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba yana da ƙasa sosai fiye da matsakaicin ƙimar matsakaicin 30mA da aka ƙayyade a 25°C. Yin watsi da wannan rage ƙimar na iya haifar da lalacewa cikin sauri.

3.3 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken da Yanayin Yanayi

Wannan lanƙwasa yana kwatanta dogaron zafin jiki na fitar da haske. Yawanci, ƙarfin hasken hasken LED na farin tushen InGaN yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Wannan muhimmin abu ne don la'akari da aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma ko kuma inda ake tuƙa LED da ƙarfi, saboda ainihin haske zai kasance ƙasa da ƙayyadaddun zafin ɗaki.

4.4 Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba da Gaba Ci gaba & Rarraba Bakan

V_Fvs. I_Flanƙwasa yana nuna halayen I-V na diode. Zanen rarraba bakan yana nuna ƙarfin da aka fitar a cikin tsayin daban-daban. Don farin LED da ke amfani da guntu shuɗi tare da murfin phosphor, bakan zai sami kololuwa a yankin shuɗi (daga guntu) da kuma faɗaɗa kololuwa a yankin rawaya/kore/ja (daga phosphor). Haɗin fitarwa ana ganinsa azaman farin haske.

4.5 Zanen Radiation

Wannan zanen polar yana wakiltar kusurwar kallo da rarraba haske ta sarari. An tabbatar da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 a nan, yana nuna yadda ƙarfin yana raguwa a kusurwoyi daga tsakiyar axis (digiri 0).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Kunshin

LED yana da ƙaramin ƙafar SMD. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da girman jiki kusan 3.2mm (tsayi) x 2.8mm (faɗi) x 1.9mm (tsayi). Takardar bayanai tana ba da cikakken zane tare da haƙƙoƙi, yawanci ±0.1mm sai dai idan an lura daban. Wannan ya haɗa da sanya filayen anode da cathode, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB (Kwafin Da'ira) da alkibla yayin haɗawar zaɓe da sanyawa ta atomatik.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Kunshin ya haɗa da alamar polarity. Yawanci, tsaga, ɗigo, ko kusurwar da aka yanka akan kunshin yana nuna gefen cathode. Ƙirar filin solder na ƙafar PCB yakamata ya yi daidai da wannan rashin daidaituwa don hana sanyawa ba daidai ba.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Sigogi na Solder Reflow

Na'urar ta dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin siyar da infrared (IR) reflow. Matsakaicin bayanin martaba yana da kololuwar zafin jiki na 260°C, wanda bai kamata a wuce fiye da dakika 10 ba. Yana da mahimmanci a bi tsarin haɓakar zafin jiki da aka sarrafa da tsarin sanyaya don hana girgizar zafi, wanda zai iya fashe kunshin resin ko lalata haɗin waya na ciki.

6.2 Solder Hannu

Idan siyar da hannu ya zama dole, ya kamata a yi shi cikin sauri. Shawara ita ce a yi amfani da ƙarshen guntun ƙarfe a 350°C na matsakaicin tsawon dakika 3 kowane jagora. Yin amfani da zafi na dogon lokaci zai iya canja wurin zafi mai yawa zuwa guntu na LED.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Yakamata a adana LEDs a cikin jakunkun su na asali na shinge na danshi tare da busassun abu a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa, yawanci ƙasa da 30°C da danshin dangi 60%. Idan an buɗe jakunkun, abubuwan na iya ɗaukar danshi, wanda zai iya haifar da \"popcorning\" (fashewar kunshin) yayin siyar da reflow saboda faɗaɗawar tururi cikin sauri. Don tsawaita ajiya bayan buɗewa, ana iya buƙatar tsarin gasa kamar yadda ma'aunin IPC/JEDEC ya tanada.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Girman Reel

Ana samar da LEDs akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik. Takardar bayanai tana ba da girman tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya, cibiyar reel, da gabaɗayan reel. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don shirya hanyoyin ciyarwa akan injunan sanyawa na SMT.

7.2 Bayanin Alama da Lambar Model

Alamar samfur akan reel ko akwati ta ƙunshi lambobin da ke ƙayyade kwantena aikin na'urar. Babban lambobin sune:
CAT: Matsayi na Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (misali, W1, V2).
HUE: Daidaitattun Haɗin Launi (misali, B4, B6).
REF: Matsayi na Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (misali, E5, E7).
Cikakken lambar sashi (misali, 65-11/T2C-FV1W2E/2T) yana ɓoye jerin, nau'in kunshin, da kuma mai yiwuwa kwantena aiki, yana ba da damar ganewa da oda daidai.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Alamun Gani:Matsayin wutar lantarki, zaɓin yanayi, da alamun faɗakarwa a cikin na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani, na'urori, da cikin motoci.
• Haɗawa cikin Jagororin Hasken:Faɗin kusurwar kallo da ingantaccen mai nuna haske sun sa wannan LED ya dace sosai don hasken gefen bututun haske na acrylic ko polycarbonate, wanda aka saba amfani dashi don haskaka alamomi, maɓallai, ko ƙirƙirar allunan hasken baya iri ɗaya.
• Hasken Baya:Ya dace don ƙananan nunin LCD, hasken maɓalli a cikin wayoyin hannu, da hasken baya na maɓallan membrane ko allunan ado.
• Hasken Gabaɗaya:Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin jeri don ƙananan yanayi ko hasken lafazi.

8.2 Abubuwan La'akari na Ƙira

• Ƙuntata Halin Yanzu:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai ƙuntata halin yanzu na jeri ko direban halin yanzu akai-akai. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana bambanta, don haka ba a ba da shawarar tuƙi tare da tushen ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai ba saboda zai iya haifar da guduwar zafi.
• Gudanar da Zafi:Don ƙira masu buƙatar babban haske ko aiki a cikin yanayi mai dumi, tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB (filayen zafi) don fitar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwar LED.
• Ƙirar Gani:Lokacin amfani da bututun haske, nisa da daidaitawa tsakanin LED da ƙofar bututun suna da mahimmanci don inganci. Ana ba da shawarar kwaikwayon gani ko samfuri.
• Kariyar ESD:Ko da yake na'urar tana da wasu kariya na ESD, haɗa murkushe ƙarfin lantarki na wucin gadi akan layukan da ke da hankali ko amfani da hanyoyin sarrafa ESD mai aminci yayin haɗawa aiki ne mai kyau.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Jerin 65-11 ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar haɗin takamaiman sa na faɗin kusurwar kallo da kunshin da aka inganta don haɗawar jagoran haske. Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LEDs na kallon gefe, tsarin fitarwa na kallon sama ya fi dacewa don aikace-aikacen da aka ɗora LED a kai tsaye zuwa saman kallo. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran LEDs na kallon sama, haɗakar mai nuna haske a ciki siffa ce da aka ƙera da nufin inganta ingancin gani a cikin aikace-aikacen hasken jagora, mai yiwuwa yana ba da ingantaccen aiki a cikin tsarin bututun haske fiye da LED na kallon sama na gabaɗaya ba tare da irin wannan siffa ba.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30mA akai-akai?
A: Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar shine 30mA a yanayin yanayi na 25°C. Don aiki mai dogaro na dogon lokaci, yana da kyau a yi aiki ƙasa da wannan matsakaicin. Yanayin aiki na yau da kullun da aka ƙayyade shine 20mA. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a rage halin yanzu idan yanayin yanayi ya wuce 25°C, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin lanƙwasa rage ƙimar.

Q: Me yasa akwai irin wannan babban kewayon a cikin ƙarfin haske (715-1800 mcd)?
A: Wannan kewayon yana wakiltar gabaɗayan yaduwa a cikin dukkan kwantena samarwa. Ana rarraba LEDs ɗaya ɗaya zuwa ƙananan kwantena (V1, V2, W1, W2). Ta hanyar ƙayyade lambar kwandon da ake buƙata lokacin yin oda, zaku iya tabbatar da karɓar LEDs tare da madaidaicin haske mai mahimmanci da sananne.

Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi resistor mai ƙuntata halin yanzu daidai?
A: Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Yi amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdaga takardar bayanai (ko ƙayyadadden kwandon ƙarfin lantarki) don tabbatar da cewa an faɗi isasshen ƙarfin lantarki akan resistor don ƙuntata halin yanzu yadda ya kamata a ƙarƙashin duk yanayi. Don wadata 5V da matsakaicin V_Fna 3.65V a 20mA: R = (5 - 3.65) / 0.02 = 67.5Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 68Ω zai dace. Koyaushe lissafta ƙimar ƙarfin resistor kuma: P = I²* R.

11. Ƙira Mai Aiki da Shari'ar Amfani

Shari'a: Panel Mai Haskaka Mai Taɓawa
Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar kwamfutolin sarrafawa tare da maɓallan taɓawa da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar hasken baya. Kowane maɓalli yana da hular wucewa da bututun haske a ƙasa. An zaɓi LED 65-11 saboda fitar da kallon sama da faɗin kusurwar sa yana haɗa haske cikin inganci zuwa gindin bututun haske. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi kwandon W1 don daidaitaccen haske mai matsakaici mai girma. An sanya LEDs akan PCB kai tsaye ƙarƙashin kowane bututun haske. Ana amfani da halin yanzu akai-akai na 18mA (kadan ƙasa da ƙayyadaddun 20mA don haɓaka tsawon rai da rage zafi). An ƙayyade kwandon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba E6 don tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske lokacin da aka kunna duk LEDs a layi daya daga layin ƙarfin lantarki guda ɗaya tare da resistors na jeri ɗaya. Shimfidar PCB ta haɗa da ƙananan filayen taimakon zafi waɗanda aka haɗa zuwa filin ƙasa don taimakawa wajen watsar da zafi.

12. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Aiki

Wannan farin LED yana aiki bisa ka'idar photoluminescence. Tsakiya shine guntu na semiconductor da aka yi da InGaN, wanda ke fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da electrons suka sake haɗuwa da ramuka a fadin bandgap ɗinsa bayan amfani da son ra'ayi na gaba (halin yanzu). Ba a fitar da wannan hasken shuɗi kai tsaye. A maimakon haka, yana buga wani Layer na murfin phosphor (yawanci YAG:Ce - Yttrium Aluminum Garnet da aka yi da Cerium) wanda aka ajiye akan ko kewaye da guntu. Phosphor yana ɗaukar wani ɓangare na photons shuɗi kuma yana sake fitar da haske a cikin mafi faɗin bakan a cikin yankuna rawaya da ja. Idon ɗan adam yana ganin cakuda sauran hasken shuɗi da canza hasken rawaya/ja a matsayin farin haske. Tabbataccen inuwa ko ma'anar zafin jiki mai alaƙa (CCT) na farin haske an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar abun da ke ciki da kauri na Layer phosphor.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin SMD LEDs kamar jerin 65-11 yana zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), wanda ke rage amfani da wutar lantarki da samar da zafi don fitar da haske iri ɗaya. Hakanan akwai yunƙuri don inganta ma'aunin nuna launi (CRI), musamman don aikace-aikacen haske, wanda ya haɗa da amfani da tsarin phosphor mai rikitarwa. Ƙananan ƙirar yana ci gaba, tare da samun ƙananan girman kunshin. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa na'urorin lantarki na sarrafawa, kamar direbobi na halin yanzu akai-akai ko masu sarrafa PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), kai tsaye cikin kunshin LED (\"LEDs masu wayo\") wani yanayi ne mai girma, yana sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira ga mai amfani na ƙarshe. Fasahar InGaN na asali don guntu shuɗi ta balaga, tare da ci gaba da bincike da aka mayar da hankali kan rage raguwar inganci a manyan halayen yanzu da inganta tsawon rai a manyan yanayin aiki.