Takardar Bayani na Fasaha na LED Koriya Mai Siffar Kwai 5484BN - Girman 5.0mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 2.8-3.6V - Ƙarfi 100mW

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda ta ba da cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LED mai siffar kwai mai ingantaccen aikin gani. An ƙera wannan na'urar musamman don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar bayyana sosai da kuma haɗa launuka daidai, kamar a cikin tsarin bayanin fasinja da manyan alamomi.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙarfin hasken da yake fitarwa da kuma siffarsa ta musamman ta kwai, wanda ke haifar da tsarin radiyo na sarari da aka ƙayyade. Wannan tsarin yana da siffa ta faɗin kusurwar kallo mara daidaituwa na digiri 110 a jere ɗaya da digiri 40 a jere na gaba. Wannan fasalin yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da karantawa daga kusurwoyi daban-daban a aikace-aikacen alamomi. An gina na'urar da epoxy mai hana UV, wanda ke ƙarfafa dorewarta don amfani na dogon lokaci a waje. An ƙera shi don kasuwannin talla na waje na kasuwanci da alamomin sufuri, gami da alamomin hoto masu launi, allunan saƙo, da alamomin saƙo masu canzawa (VMS).

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

Sasannin masu zuwa suna ba da cikakken bayani game da halayen lantarki, na gani, da na zafi na na'urar.

2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Aiki

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar idan aka wuce su. Ba a ba da garantin aiki a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba.

• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_F): 30 mA (DC)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na bugun jini (I_FP): 100 mA (Duty Cycle 1/10 @ 1 kHz)
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R): 5 V
• Rushewar Ƙarfi (P_d): 100 mW
• Zazzabin Aiki (T_opr): -40°C zuwa +85°C
• Zazzabin Ajiya (T_stg): -40°C zuwa +100°C
• Zazzabin Solder (T_sol): 260°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 5 kawai
• Fitowar Lantarki Mai Tsanani (ESD): Yana iya jurewa 1000V (Samfurin Jikin Mutum)

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a zazzabin haɗuwa (T_a) na 25°C da daidaitaccen gwajin ƙarfin lantarki na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V): Ya kewayo daga 2880 mcd zuwa 4970 mcd, an rarraba shi zuwa takamaiman rukunoni (M1, M2, N1).
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ_1/2): 110° (X-axis) / 40° (Y-axis). Wannan tsarin kwai yana da kyau ga alamomin kwance.
• Tsawon Zango Mafi Girma (λ_p): Yawanci 522 nm.
• Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (λ_d): Ya kewayo daga 525 nm zuwa 535 nm, an raba shi zuwa ƙananan rukunoni (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b) don daidaita launi daidai.
• Nisa na Rabin Bakan (Δλ): Yawanci 35 nm.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F): Ya kewayo daga 2.8 V zuwa 3.6 V a 20 mA, an rarraba shi zuwa rukunoni (0, 1, 2, 3).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (I_R): Matsakaicin 50 μA a ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni bisa mahimman ma'auni. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikace don haske da launi.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Hasken (Luminous Intensity Binning)

An rarraba ƙarfin zuwa manyan matakai guda uku:

• M1: 2880 ~ 3450 mcd
• M2: 3450 ~ 4140 mcd
• N1: 4140 ~ 4970 mcd

Rashin tabbas na aunawa shine ±10%.

3.2 Rarraba Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye (Dominant Wavelength Binning)

An rarraba launi (tsawon zango) da kyau zuwa rukunoni huɗu don ba da damar haɗa launi daidai, musamman tare da wasu LED masu launi:

• 1a: 525.0 ~ 527.5 nm
• 1b: 527.5 ~ 530.0 nm
• 2a: 530.0 ~ 532.5 nm
• 2b: 532.5 ~ 535.0 nm

Rashin tabbas na aunawa shine ±1.0 nm.

3.3 Rarraba Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage Binning)

An rarraba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira don daidaita ƙarfin lantarki:

• 0: 2.8 ~ 3.0 V
• 1: 3.0 ~ 3.2 V
• 2: 3.2 ~ 3.4 V
• 3: 3.4 ~ 3.6 V

Rashin tabbas na aunawa shine ±0.1 V.

4. Bincike akan Lankwasa Ayyuka (Performance Curve Analysis)

Duk da yake ba a ba da takamaiman bayanan hoto a cikin ɓangaren da aka ɗauko ba, lankwasan ayyuka na yau da kullun don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (I_V-I_F): Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki, har zuwa matsakaicin ƙimar.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken da Yanayin Zafi na Muhalli: Yana kwatanta raguwar fitar da haske yayin da zafi ke tashi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi a cikin alamomin da aka rufe.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F-I_F): Muhimmi ne don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.
• Rarraba Bakan: Hoto da ke nuna ƙarfin hasken da ake fitarwa a tsawon zango daban-daban, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a tsawon zango mai rinjaye.

Ya kamata masu zane su tuntubi cikakken takardar bayanai don waɗannan hotuna don inganta aiki da aminci.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LED ɗin yana da kunshin mai rami tare da ruwan tabarau mai siffar kwai. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da:

• Duk girmansu suna cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an faɗi.
• Matsakaicin fitowar guduro a ƙarƙashin flange shine 1.5 mm.
• An ayyana siffar kwanon igwa don tabbatar da fitar da haske daidai da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

Zane-zanen injiniya daidai suna da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB da kuma tabbatar da dacewa daidai a cikin haɗuwar ƙarshe.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Sarrafa daidai yana da mahimmanci don hana lalata LED.

6.1 Siffantar Igwa (Lead Forming)

• Dole ne lanƙwasa ya faru aƙalla 3 mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy.
• Yi siffantar igwa kafin solder.
• Kawar da sanya damuwa ga kunshin yayin siffantawa ko lokacin shigar da cikin ramukan PCB.
• Yanke igwa a yanayin daki.

6.2 Tsarin Solder

Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3 mm daga haɗin solder zuwa kwalliyar epoxy.

• Solder da Hannu: Matsakaicin zafin ƙarshen gwangwani 300°C (max 30W), matsakaicin lokacin solder daƙiƙa 3.
• Solder na Wave/DIP: Matsakaicin dumama 100°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 60; matsakaicin bahon solder 260°C na iyakar daƙiƙa 5.

Kawar da zagayowar solder da yawa da kuma girgiza na injiniya yayin da LED yake da zafi. Bari ya huce sannu a hankali zuwa yanayin daki.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

• Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% Danshi Dangane da Yanayi bayan karɓa.
• Tsawon rayuwa a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sharuɗɗan shine watanni 3.
• Don ajiya mai tsawo (har zuwa shekara 1), yi amfani da akwati mai rufaffiyar iskar nitrogen da abin bushewa.
• Kawar da saurin canjin yanayin zafi a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

An kunna na'urar don hana fitar da lantarki mai tsanani (ESD) da lalacewa ta jiki yayin jigilar kaya.

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

• Ana sanya LED ɗin a cikin jakunkuna masu hana lantarki.
• Adadin Kunshin: Guda 500 a kowace jaka. Jakuna 5 (2500) a kowace akwati na ciki. Akwatuna na ciki 10 (25,000) a kowace babban akwati (waje).

7.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabi akan kunshin suna ɗauke da mahimman bayanai don bin sawu da aikace-aikace daidai:

• CPN (Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki)
• P/N (Lambar Sashen Masana'anta)
• QTY (Yawa)
• CAT (Lambar rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba, misali, M2-2)
• HUE (Lambar rarraba don Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye, misali, 1a)
• REF (Lambar tunani)
• LOT No. (Lambar Rukunin Samarwa)

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

• Alamomin Bayanin Fasinja: A cikin bas, jiragen ƙasa, da filayen jiragen sama, inda tsarin hasken kwai ke ba da faɗin ganin kwance.
• Alamomin Saƙo Masu Canzawa (VMS)daAllunan Saƙo: Don sarrafa zirga-zirga da talla na waje.
• Alamomin Hotuna Masu Launi: Inda wannan LED koriya ke haɗuwa da LED ja da shuɗi don ƙirar hotuna masu cikakken launi ko takamaiman sautunan launi.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zane

• Tuƙin Ƙarfin Lantarki: Koyaushe yi amfani da direba mai ƙarfin lantarki koyaushe ko na'urar iyakance ƙarfin lantarki. Kada ku wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na 30 mA DC.
• Sarrafa Zafi: Ko da yake rushewar ƙarfi yana da ƙasa, tabbatar da isasshen iska a cikin alamomin da aka rufe, musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai girma, don kiyaye fitar da haske da tsawon rai.
• Zane na Gani: Ya kamata a daidaita kusurwar kallo mara daidaituwa tare da alkiblar kallo da ake nufi na alamar (yawanci tare da axis 110° a kwance).
• Kariya daga ESDAiwatar da daidaitattun hanyoyin sarrafa ESD yayin haɗawa.

9. Kwatanta da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

Wannan LED ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar haɗuwar fasali:

• Tsarin Rada na Kwai: Ba kamar daidaitattun LED masu zagaye ba, wannan siffar an ƙera shi ne don alamomi, yana kawar da buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu don yada haske a kwance.
• Babban Ƙarfi a cikin Kunshin Mai Rami: Yana ba da mafita mai sauƙi, mai ƙarfi na ɗora idan aka kwatanta da wasu madadin ɗora saman, yayin da har yanzu yana ba da haske mai girma wanda ya dace da alamomin da za a iya karantawa da hasken rana.
• Rarraba Launi da Ƙarfi da Kyau: Yana ba da damar daidaiton launi mafi girma a cikin babban nuni, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ingancin hoto.
• Kunshin Mai Hana UV: An ƙera shi musamman don dogon lokacin aminci a cikin yanayin waje, wanda ke fuskantar rana.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar tsarin hasken kwai?

A: Kusurwar kallo ta 110°/40° tana ba da faɗin ɗaukar hoto a kwance da kuma ƙaramin ɗaukar hoto a tsaye. Wannan yana da kyau ga alamomin da ake nufin mutane su karanta su a tsaye ko zaune a wani yanki mai faɗi, suna mai da hankalin haske a inda masu kallo suke iya kasancewa.

Q: Ta yaya zan zaɓi rukunin da ya dace don aikace-aikacena?

A: Don alamomin launi ɗaya, zaɓi rukunin ƙarfin hasken (M1, M2, N1) bisa ga hasken da ake buƙata. Don aikace-aikacen haɗa launi, dole ne kuma ka ƙayyade rukunin tsawon zango mai rinjaye (1a, 1b, da sauransu) don tabbatar da cewa launin koriya ya yi daidai tsakanin LED daban-daban da rukunonin samarwa.

Q: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a sama da 20 mA don ƙarin haske?

A: Kuna iya aiki da shi har zuwa Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Aiki na 30 mA DC. Duk da haka, wannan zai ƙara ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, rushewar ƙarfi, da zazzabin haɗuwa, wanda zai iya rage tsawon rai da ingancin haske. Koyaushe koma ga lankwasan rage ƙimar (idan akwai) kuma tabbatar da sarrafa zafi daidai.

Q: Me yasa yanayin ajiya da tsawon rayuwa suke da mahimmanci?

A: Kayan epoxy da abubuwan ciki na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska. Idan aka sanya na'urar "danshi" ga solder mai zafi, saurin ƙafewar wannan danshi zai iya haifar da rabuwa a ciki ko fashewa ("popcorning"), wanda zai haifar da gazawa.

11. Misalin Zane da Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Zana Nunin Tasha Bas na Waje Mai Cikakken Launi

Mai zane yana ƙirƙirar nunin matrix na LED don bayanin bas na ainihin lokaci. Dole ne a iya karanta nuni a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye kuma ya sami daidaiton ma'auni na fari.

• Zaɓin LED: An zaɓi wannan LED koriya mai siffar kwai tare da daidaitattun LED ja da shuɗi. Hasken kwai yana tabbatar da kyakkyawar kallo a kwance ga fasinjan da ke jira a kan dandali.
• Dabarun Rarraba: Don cimma ma'anar fari mai daidaito, mai zane yana oda duk LED koriya daga rukunin tsawon zango mai rinjaye mai kunkuntar guda ɗaya (misali, 1b) da takamaiman rukunin ƙarfi (misali, M2). Ana samo LED ja da shuɗi tare da rukunonin ƙarfi masu dacewa dangane da koriya don kiyaye tsarin ma'auni na fari da ake so.
• Ƙirar Da'ira: An ƙera direba mai ƙarfin lantarki koyaushe don kowane tashar launi. Ana amfani da bayanin rukunin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (misali, rukunin 1 don 3.0-3.2V) don ƙididdige mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na direba da ake buƙata, yana tabbatar da cewa zai iya ɗaukar LED mafi muni (mafi girman V_F) a cikin rukunin.
• Haɗawa: Yayin haɗawar PCB, an sarrafa bayanan solder na raƙuman ruwa daidai zuwa shawarar 260°C na daƙiƙa 5 don hana lalacewa ta zafi. An bi ka'idar lanƙwasa igwa na 3mm don guje wa damuwa akan epoxy.

12. Gabatarwa kan Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan ƙwayar semiconductor Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN). Lokacin da aka sanya ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗuwar p-n, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons. Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na InGaN yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kuma yana ayyana tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, koriya (~530 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai siffar kwai shine na'urar gani ta farko wacce ke gyara hasken danye daga ƙwayar zuwa tsarin radiyo mara daidaituwa da ake so, yana haɓaka ingancin gani don aikace-aikacen da ake nufi.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban LED don alamomi yana bin wasu mahimman trends:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki da Ƙarfin Hasken: Ci gaba da inganta girma na epitaxial da ƙirar ƙwaya yana haifar da ƙarin fitar da haske a kowace raka'a na shigar da lantarki, yana ba da damar nunin haske ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki.
• Ingantaccen Gamut na Launi da Daidaito: Ci gaba a cikin fasahar phosphor (don LED fari) da daidaiton epitaxial (don LED masu launi kamar wannan) suna ba da damar nunin da ke da launuka masu yawa, mafi daidai, da mafi daidaito.
• Ingantaccen Aminci da Tsawon Rai: Mafi kyawun kayan kunshin, kamar epoxy masu inganci, masu kwanciyar hankali na UV ko silicones, da ingantattun hanyoyin haɗa mutuwa suna tsawaita rayuwar aiki, musamman mahimmanci don shigarwa na waje 24/7.
• Haɗawa tare da Masu Tuƙi Masu Hikima: LED suna ƙara haɗuwa tare da wayoyin direba IC waɗanda zasu iya daidaita haske da kuma aiwatar da bincike, suna ba da damar tsarin nuni mai ƙarfi da aminci.

Duk da yake kunshin na'urar ɗora saman (SMD) suna yaɗuwa don nunin mai yawan gaske, kunshin mai rami kamar wannan yana kasancewa mai dacewa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfin injiniya, hanyoyin zafi mafi sauƙi zuwa PCB mai ƙarfe, ko sauƙin maye gurbin filin.