Takardar Bayani na Fitilar LED Mai Siffar Kwai 3474DKBR/MS - Launi Shudi - Halin Yanzu na Gaba 20mA - Matsakaicin Karfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba 3.4V - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fitilar LED mai siffar kwai da aka yi daidai. Babban manufar ƙirar wannan sashi shine ya zama tushen haske mai inganci don tsarin bayanin fasinja da sauran aikace-aikacen alamomi. Siffar sa ta musamman ita ce tsarin kwayar gani mai siffar kwai wanda ke haifar da tsarin radiyo na sararin samaniya wanda ba shi da daidaito, wanda ya sa ya dace musamman don aikace-aikacen haɗa launuka a cikin alamomin da ke buƙatar fitar da rawaya, ja, ko kore ta hanyar na'urorin gani na biyu ko tacewa.

An gina na'urar ta amfani da kayan epoxy marasa sauyawa ga hasken UV, wanda ke tabbatar da dogon lokaci na aminci da kwanciyar hankali na launi a cikin yanayin waje. Ta bi ka'idojin muhimman muhalli da suka haɗa da RoHS, EU REACH, da ka'idojin marasa halogen, tare da sarrafa abun ciki na bromine da chlorine sosai.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

Fa'idodin asali na wannan LED sun haɗa da fitar da ƙarfin haske mai yawa, tsarin radiyo na musamman mai siffar kwai don hasken alamomi daidai, da ƙirar ƙarfi don aikace-aikace masu wahala. Kasuwar da ake nufi ta ƙunshi masana'antun kayan aikin sufuri, tallan kasuwanci, da tsarin bayanin jama'a. Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace sune:

• Alamomin Zane-zane masu Launi da Allunan Saƙo
• Alamun Saƙo Masu Canzawa (VMS) don sarrafa zirga-zirga
• Nunin Tallan Kasuwanci na Waje

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassarar Manufa

2.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙimar

Iyakar aikin na'urar an ayyana ta a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin muhalli (Ta=25°C). Wucewa waɗannan ƙimar na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin.

• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5V. Matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da za a iya amfani da shi a cikin hanyar baya a kan tashoshin LED.
• Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_F):30 mA (ci gaba). Matsakaicin halin yanzu na DC da aka ba da shawarar don aiki mai aminci.
• Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba (I_FP):100 mA. Wannan yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (duty cycle 1/10 @ 1kHz) kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da shi don aiki na ci gaba ba.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (P_d):110 mW. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da fakitin zai iya watsawa a matsayin zafi.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:Ya kewayo daga -40°C zuwa +85°C (aiki) da -40°C zuwa +100°C (ajiye).
• Zazzabi na Solder:Yana jure 260°C na dakika 5, ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin solder na reflow.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Gani

An ƙayyade aikin a daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu na I_F=20mA da Ta=25°C.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_v):Ya kewayo daga mafi ƙarancin 934 mcd zuwa matsakaicin 2130 mcd, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 1140 mcd. Wannan babban ƙarfi yana da mahimmanci don ganin hasken rana a cikin alamomi.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Ba daidai ba a 90° (X-axis) da 45° (Y-axis). An ƙera wannan tsarin kwai don ya dace da daidaitaccen yanayin rubutu da alamomi akan alamomi.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon & Babba:Guntu yana fitarwa a cikin bakan shudi. Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon tsawon (λ_p) yawanci 468 nm ne. Babban tsawon tsawon tsawon (λ_d) ya kewayo daga 460 nm zuwa 475 nm, an rarraba shi zuwa kwantena.
• Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Tsakanin 2.4V da 3.4V a 20mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan raguwar ƙarfin wutar lantarki lokacin ƙirar da'irori masu tuƙi.
• Halin Yanzu na Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 50 µA a V_R=5V, yana nuna ingancin haɗin gwiwa mai kyau.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Kwantena

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samfuran ƙarshe, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwantena bisa mahimman ma'auni.

3.1 Kwantena Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfi zuwa kwantena biyar (BA zuwa BE), kowanne yana da ƙayyadaddun kewayon min/max da aka auna a I_F=20mA. Jimlar jurewa shine ±10%. Misali, kwantenan BC ya ƙunshi 1340 zuwa 1600 mcd. Masu ƙirar tsarin yakamata su ƙayyade kwantenan da ake buƙata ko su san yiwuwar bambance-bambancen haske a cikin nau'ikan samarwa daban-daban.

3.2 Kwantena Babban Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon

An rarraba tsawon tsawon tsawon zuwa kwantena biyar (B1 zuwa B5), kowanne ya kewayo 3 nm, daga 460-463 nm (B1) zuwa 472-475 nm (B5). Jurewa shine ±1 nm. Wannan daidaitaccen kwantena yana ba da damar sarrafa launi mai ƙarfi, wanda ke da mahimmanci musamman lokacin da ake amfani da LED shudi tare da phosphors ko tacewa don ƙirar wasu launuka.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani tana ba da lankwaso na halaye da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Rarraba Bakan da Jagoranci

LankwasaƘarfin Dangantaka da Tsawon Tsawon Tsawonyana nuna ƙunƙuntaccen bakan bakan (Δλ) na kusan 20 nm, a tsakiyar yankin shudi. LankwasaJagoranciyana tabbatar da tsarin radiyo na kwai mara daidaito, tare da ƙarfin da ke faɗuwa zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa a ƙayyadadden kusurwoyi 90° da 45°.

4.2 Halayen Lantarki da Zafin Jiki

LankwasaHalin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (I-V)yana nuna alaƙar alaƙar diode na yau da kullun. LankwasaƘarfin Dangantaka da Halin Yanzu na Gabayana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu amma yana iya zama ƙasa da layi a manyan halin yanzu saboda tasirin zafi. LankwasaƘarfin Dangantaka da Yanayin YanayidaHalin Yanzu na Gaba da Yanayin Yanayilankwaso suna nuna mummunan tasirin hauhawar zafin jiki akan duka fitarwar haske da halin yanzu da ake buƙata don ƙayyadadden ƙarfin wutar lantarki, suna nuna mahimmancin sarrafa zafi a cikin ƙirar aikace-aikace.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Zane

Zanen injiniya ya ƙayyade ƙafar jiki na fitilar kwai. Manyan girma sun haɗa da tazarar jagora (pitch), girman jiki gabaɗaya, da tsayawar ruwan tabarau na resin. Duk girma suna cikin millimeters tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an lura daban. Matsakaicin tsayawar resin a ƙasan flange shine 1.5 mm, wanda ke da mahimmanci don sharewa a cikin taron ƙarshe.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar tsarin jikin jagora (yawanci dogon jagora ko gefen lebur akan fakitin). Yakamata a duba zanen takardar bayani don gano anode da cathode. Ƙirar PCB pad yakamata ta dace da ƙafar ƙafar da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

6.1 Siffantar Jagora da Gudanarwa

• Dole ne lanƙwasa ya faru aƙalla 3 mm daga gindin kwan fitila na epoxy don guje wa tsagewar damuwa.
• Dole ne a kammala siffantar jagorakafintsarin solder.
• Matsanancin damuwa akan fakitin yayin gudanarwa ko shigarwa cikin PCB na iya lalata haɗin guntun ciki ko haɗin waya, yana lalata aiki ko haifar da gazawa.
• Yakamata a yanke jagora a zafin jiki na daki.

6.2 Yanayin Ajiya

Don hana sha ruwa wanda zai iya haifar da "popcorning" yayin reflow, yakamata a adana LED a ≤30°C da ≤70% Yanayin Yanayi. Tsawon rayuwar shagona daga jigilar kaya shine watanni 3. Don ajiye tsawon lokaci (har zuwa shekara guda), dole ne a adana na'urori a cikin jakar shinge mai ɗaukar danshi tare da busasshiyar abu kuma a cikin yanayin nitrogen.

6.3 Tsarin Solder

Yayin solder na igiyar ruwa ko hannu, dole ne haɗin solder ya kasance aƙalla 3 mm nesa da jikin epoxy don hana girgizar zafi da lalacewar resin. An ƙididdige na'urar don matsakaicin zafin solder na 260°C na dakika 5, wanda ya dace da daidaitattun bayanan reflow marasa gubar.

7. Bayanin Fakitin da Oda

7.1 Fakitin Mai Jure Danshi

Ana samar da abubuwan a cikin fakitin mai jure danshi, yawanci ya haɗa da tef ɗin mai ɗauka da reel. Takardar bayani ta haɗa da cikakkun girma don tef ɗin mai ɗauka, gami da tazarar aljihu (P=12.70 mm), faɗin tef (W3=18.00 mm), da sauran mahimman girma don kayan aikin zaɓi da wuri ta atomatik.

7.2 Bayanin Alamar da Adadin Fakitin

Alamar reel ta ƙunshi mahimman bayanai: Lambar Sashen Abokin Ciniki (CPN), Lambar Sashen Masana'anta (P/N), Adadi (QTY), da takamaiman Lambobin Kwantena don Ƙarfin Hasken (CAT), Babban Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (HUE), da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (REF). Daidaitaccen adadin fakitin shine guda 2500 a kowane akwatin ciki, tare da akwatuna 10 na ciki (guda 25,000) a kowane babban akwatin waje.

7.3 Ƙirar Lambar Samfur

Lambar sashi 3474DKBR/MS tana bin tsari inda "3474" mai yiwuwa ke nuna jerin ko fakitin, "D" na iya nuna launi (Shudi/Watsawa), kuma haruffa masu bi suna ƙayyade kwantena na aiki ko wasu bambance-bambance. Madaidaitan murabba'i (□□□□) a ƙarshe suna don ƙayyadadden lambobin kwantena (misali, CAT da HUE) lokacin yin oda.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Da'irori na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED yakamata a tuƙa shi ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu na akai, ba tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki na akai ba, don tabbatar da ingantaccen fitarwar haske da hana guduwar zafi. Za a iya amfani da resistor na jerin abubuwa masu sauƙi tare da samar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC mai kwanciyar hankali, wanda aka lissafta kamar R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Misali, tare da samar da 5V da V na yau da kullun_Fna 3.0V a 20mA, R = (5-3)/0.02 = 100 Ω. Ƙimar wutar lantarki na resistor yakamata ya zama I²R = 0.04W, don haka resistor 1/8W ko 1/4W ya isa.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

• Gudanar da Zafi:Ko da yake rushewar wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, kiyaye ƙaramin zafin haɗin gwiwa shine mabuɗin dogon lokaci na aminci da ingantaccen fitarwar haske, musamman a cikin alamomin da aka rufe ko manyan yanayin yanayi.
• Haɗin Gani:An ƙera tsarin hasken kwai don yin aiki tare da masu watsawa, jagororin haske, ko masu tace launi waɗanda aka saba amfani da su a cikin alamomi. Dole ne a yi la'akari da alkiblar LED (wane axis shine 90° da 45°) yayin shimfidar PCB.
• Kariya ta ESD:Duk da yake ba a bayyana shi a sarari a matsayin mai hankali ba, aiwatar da matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun yayin gudanarwa da haɗawa ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin kyakkyawan aiki ga duk na'urorin semiconductor.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Babban bambance-bambancen wannan LED yana cikintsarin radiyo na kwai. Yawancin daidaitattun LED suna da kusurwar dubawa ta madauwari (daidaito). Wannan tsari na musamman yana ba da ingantaccen rarraba haske don abubuwan alama na rectangular, yana iya rage adadin LED da ake buƙata don haske daidai gwargwado idan aka kwatanta da amfani da LED na tsarin madauwari. Bugu da ƙari, babban kwantenan ƙarfin haske (har zuwa 2130 mcd) ya sa ya yi gasa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai yawa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba na 30mA?

A: I, amma dole ne ka tabbatar da isasshen gudanar da zafi. Aiki a 30mA zai haifar da fitarwar haske mafi girma amma kuma yana haifar da ƙarin zafi, wanda zai iya rage tsawon rayuwa da haifar da canjin tsawon tsawon tsawon. Yanayin gwaji na 20mA shine ma'auni don ƙayyade aiki.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon da Babban Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon?

A> Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p) shine tsawon tsawon tsawon inda bakan fitarwa yake da mafi girman ƙarfinsa. Babban Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d) shine tsawon tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai dace da launin da ake ganin LED. λ_dya fi dacewa don aikace-aikacen launi.

Q: Me yasa yanayin ajiya ya ke da takamaiman (watanni 3, sannan nitrogen)?

A: Fakitin epoxy na iya ɗaukar danshi daga iska. A lokacin babban tsarin solder na reflow, wannan danshin da aka kama zai iya yin tururi da sauri, yana haifar da matsa lamba na ciki wanda zai iya lalata fakitin ko fashe epoxy - wani abu da aka sani da "popcorning." Matsayin mai hankali ga danshi (MSL) yana ƙayyade waɗannan buƙatun ajiya da gudanarwa.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar Alamar Saƙo Mai Canzawa Mai Layi Guda (VMS) don babbar hanya.

Alamar tana buƙatar haruffa masu haske, masu haske daidai. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi wannan LED na kwai. An sanya LED da yawa a bayan rukunin rukunin watsawa wanda ke samar da kowane hali. An daidaita LED ta yadda babban axis na 90° ya yi daidai da faɗin harafin harafin a kwance, kuma ƙunƙuntaccen axis na 45° ya yi daidai da tsayin tsaye. Wannan alkibla, haɗe tare da mai watsawa, yana tabbatar da cewa an watsa haske daidai gwargwado a faɗin bugun jini ba tare da zubar da yawa cikin sassan da ke kusa ba, yana inganta bambanci da karantawa. An ƙirƙiri allon tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai don samar da 20mA ga kowane jerin LED, tare da ƙayyadadden lambobin kwantena (misali, BC don ƙarfi, B4 don tsawon tsawon tsawon) da aka ƙayyade a cikin lissafin kayan don tabbatar da daidaito a duk alamomi.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan diode ne mai fitar da haske na semiconductor. Ya dogara ne akan kayan guntu na InGaN (Indium Gallium Nitride). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na haɗin gwiwar semiconductor. Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na kayan InGaN ya ƙaddara cewa photons da aka fitar suna cikin kewayon tsawon tsawon shudi (kusan 468 nm). Hasken shudi yana fita ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na epoxy wanda aka watsa (wanda "MS" ke nufin Fari ko Watsawa) don watsa haske da siffanta shi zuwa ƙayyadadden tsarin hasken kwai.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

LED don alamomi da hasken ƙwararru suna ci gaba da haɓaka zuwa ingantacciyar inganci (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙarin ƙuntatawa, da ingantaccen aminci. Amfani da na'urorin gani na musamman, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin wannan ruwan tabarau na kwai, wani yanayi ne don haɓaka ingancin aikace-aikace ta hanyar jagorantar haske daidai inda ake buƙata, rage asarar gani. Bugu da ƙari, bin ka'idojin muhalli (RoHS, REACH, Marasa Halogen) yanzu buƙatu ne na yau da kullun a cikin masana'antu, wanda manufofin muhalli na duniya da buƙatun abokin ciniki don samfuran dorewa suka motsa. Mayar da hankali kan fakitin mai jure danshi da cikakkun umarnin gudanarwa yana nuna motsin masana'antu zuwa ƙarin ingantattun hanyoyin samarwa na ƙarfi da aminci don na'urorin da aka ɗora a saman.