EL101XH-G Phototransistor Optocoupler Datasheet - 4-Pin SOP Package - 8mm Creepage Distance - 5000Vrms Isolation Voltage - Halogen-Free - Simplified Chinese Technical Documentation

1. Product Overview

The EL101XH-G series is a family of high-performance phototransistor optocouplers designed for reliable signal isolation in demanding electronic applications. These devices are intended to provide a robust electrical isolation barrier between input and output circuits, preventing ground loops, voltage spikes, and noise from propagating between different parts of a system. Their core functionality is achieved through optical coupling of an infrared light-emitting diode with a silicon phototransistor detector, all housed within a compact 4-pin small outline package (SOP).

A key distinguishing feature of this series is8mm long creepage distance, which significantly enhances the safety and reliability for applications requiring high isolation voltage. This design combines5000 V_RMSIsolation voltageRated value, making this series suitable for industrial control systems, power supplies, and appliances, where user safety and equipment protection are critical. The device also adoptsHalogen-freeProcess manufacturing, by limiting bromine (Br) and chlorine (Cl) content to comply with environmental regulations.

The target market for the EL101XH-G series is broad, covering industrial automation, telecommunications, measurement instruments, and consumer appliances. Typical applications include isolation in Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) I/O modules, signal transmission in telecommunications equipment, interface isolation in measurement instruments, and safety isolation in household appliances such as fan heaters.

2. Detailed Technical Parameters

2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

These ratings define the stress limits that may cause permanent damage to the device. Operation at or beyond these limits is not guaranteed.

• Input Forward Current (I_F)): 50 mA (continuous). This is the maximum DC current that can pass through the input infrared LED.
• Peak forward current (I_FP)): 1 A (for a 1 µs pulse). This rating is crucial for withstanding brief current surges during switching events.
• Input reverse voltage (V_R)): 6 V. Exceeding this voltage under reverse bias may damage the LED.
• Output collector-emitter voltage (V_CEO)): 80 V. This is the maximum voltage that the collector of the phototransistor can withstand relative to its emitter when the base (driven by light) is open.
• Total power dissipation (P_TOT)): 250 mW. This is the maximum total power that the entire device can dissipate, limiting the product of input current/voltage and output current/voltage.
• Isolation Voltage (V_ISO)): 5000 V_RMS, lasting for 1 minute. This critical safety parameter is tested with pins 1 and 2 shorted, and pins 3 and 4 shorted, applying a high voltage between these two groups.
• Operating temperature (T_OPR)): -55°C to +125°C. This wide range ensures functionality in harsh industrial and automotive environments.
• Welding temperature (T_SOL)): 260°C, for 10 seconds. This guides the reflow soldering process.

2.2 Electro-Optical Characteristics

These parameters define the performance of the device under normal operating conditions (unless noted, T_a= 25°C).

2.2.1 Input Characteristics (LED Side)

• Forward voltage (V_F)): Typical value 1.2V, maximum 1.4V at I_F= 10 mA. This is used to calculate the required current limiting resistor.
• Reverse current (I_R)): at V_RMaximum 10 µA at = 6V, indicating good leakage characteristics of the diode.
• Input capacitance (C_in)): Typical value 50 pF. This affects the high-frequency switching performance on the input side.

2.2.2 Output Characteristics (Phototransistor Side)

• Collector-Emitter Dark Current (I_CEO)): at V_CE= 48V, I_F= 0mA, maximum 200 nA. This is the leakage current when the LED is off, important for signal integrity in the off state.
• Collector-emitter breakdown voltage (BV_CEO)): Minimum 80V at I_C= 0.1mA, confirming high voltage capability.
• Collector-emitter saturation voltage (V_CE(sat))): Minimum 80V at I_F= 10mA, I_C= 1mA, maximum is 0.3V. Low saturation voltage is desirable when the output is used as a switch in the "on" state.

2.2.3 Transfer Characteristics

These parameters define the coupling efficiency and speed between input and output.

• Current Transfer Ratio (CTR): This is the core performance metric, defined as (I_C=5V, I_F=5mA) under specified conditions (V_CE/ I_F)* 100%. EL101XH-G series offers multiple CTR grades:
  • EL1010H: 50% to 600% (wide range)
  • EL1011H: 100% to 200%
  • EL1017H: 80% to 160%
  • EL1018H: 130% to 260%
  • EL1019H200% to 400%
  Higher CTR grades allow the use of lower input LED current to achieve the same output current, thereby improving power supply efficiency.
• Isolation Resistance (R_IO)): Minimum 5 x 10 at 500V DC¹⁰Ω. This extremely high resistance value confirms the quality of the internal insulating material.
• Floating capacitance (C_IO)): Maximum 1.0 pF. This low inter-package capacitance is key to achieving high common-mode transient immunity (CMTI) in noisy environments.
• Switching time: Test conditions are V_CE=5V, I_C=5mA, R_L=100Ω.
  • Turn-on time (t_on): Typical value 12 µs.
  • Turn-off time (t_off): Typical value 10 µs.
  • Rise time (t_r) and fall time (t_f): maximum of 18 µs each.
  These speeds are suitable for digital signal isolation at medium frequencies (tens of kHz).

3. Grading System Description

EL101XH-G series employsCTR-based grading system, this is the main difference between different models. Model EL101XThe "X" in H-G indicates the CTR grade (0, 1, 7, 8, 9). Each grade corresponds to specific minimum and typical CTR ranges, as detailed in Section 2.2.3. This allows designers to select a device with the precise gain required for their application. Choosing a higher CTR grade (e.g., EL1019H) can reduce the drive current required for the input LED, thereby lowering power consumption and heat generation. Conversely, for applications with ample drive current, a lower CTR grade may be sufficient.

4. Performance Curve Analysis

Although the PDF indicates the presence of "Typical Optoelectronic Characteristic Curves," no specific charts are provided in the textual content. Typically, such data sheets include curves showing the following relationships:

• CTR vs. Forward Current (I_F)): This curve shows how the Current Transfer Ratio varies with LED drive current. CTR typically decreases at very high I_Fdue to heating and efficiency degradation.
• CTR vs. Ambient Temperature (T_a)): This is a key curve for thermal design. The CTR of a phototransistor coupler usually has a negative temperature coefficient, meaning it decreases as temperature increases. Designers must account for this derating over the entire operating temperature range.
• Collector Current vs. Collector-Emitter Voltage (I_C-V_CE)): These output characteristic curves, plotted for different input currents (I_F), illustrate the operating regions (saturation region, amplification region) of the phototransistor.
• Forward voltage versus forward current (V_F-I_F)): Standard LED I-V curve, useful for thermal management on the input side.

Designers should consult the official datasheet with graphical charts to accurately simulate device behavior under non-standard conditions.

5. Mechanical and Packaging Information

5.1 Pin Configuration

The 4-pin SOP package has the following pin arrangement:

1. Input infrared LEDAnode
2. 。Input infrared LED
3. Cathode。
4. Output phototransistorEmitter

。

Output phototransistor

Collector

。

This is the standard configuration for a phototransistor optocoupler.5.2 Package Dimensions and Pad LayoutThe device is described as a "compact 4-pin SOP with a 2.2 mm height". The PDF includes a "Package Dimensions" drawing and a "Recommended Land Pattern for Surface Mount". The land pattern recommendation is for reference only, and the datasheet explicitly advises designers to modify the pad dimensions based on their specific PCB fabrication process and thermal requirements. Proper pad design is crucial for reliable soldering and mechanical strength.

6. Soldering and Assembly Guide

The key parameters provided are

Welding temperature260°C, for 10 seconds. This aligns with the typical lead-free reflow soldering profile (IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020). Designers and manufacturers must ensure their reflow oven profile does not exceed this temperature duration to prevent damage to the internal epoxy molding compound and wire bonds. Standard handling procedures for moisture-sensitive devices (MSL rating, not specified in the provided text but should be checked in the full datasheet) should be followed, including baking if the package is exposed to ambient humidity exceeding its rated level.

• 7. Packaging and Ordering Information7.1 Model Naming Rules
• XThe model number follows the format:
• HEL101X H(Y)- VG
• EL101: Basic model.
• V: CTR rating (0, 1, 7, 8, 9).
• G: Indicates high-temperature operating capability.

(Y)

: Tape and reel packaging option. Can be TA, TB, or none (indicating tube packaging).

: Optional suffix, indicating VDE safety certification.

• : Indicates halogen-free structure.Example: EL1018H-VG is a halogen-free version with CTR Grade 8 and VDE certification.
• 7.2 Packaging SpecificationThe device is available in two main package forms:

Tube

: 100 pieces per tube. Options include standard version or version with VDE certification.Tape and reel packaging

• EL: 3000 per reel. Two feed direction options (TA and TB) are provided. The datasheet includes detailed reel dimensions (Ao, Bo, Po, P, etc.) for automated placement machine programming.
• 7.3 Device IdentificationThe SOP package top is marked with the code:
• HEL 101X H Y WW V
• YManufacturer Code.
• WW101X
• VDevice Number (X indicates CTR Grade).

High temperature operation marking.

1-digit year code.

2-digit week code.

1. Optional marking for VDE certified version.8. Application Recommendations_CC8.1 Typical Application Circuit
2. Photocouplers can be used in two main modes:Digital switching/isolation

: The input LED is driven by a digital signal (e.g., from a microcontroller GPIO). The phototransistor output acts as a switch, pulling the line to ground or V through a pull-up resistor.

• . Switching time specifications determine the maximum data rate.Linear Signal Isolation: By operating the phototransistor in the amplification region (non-saturation region), it can be used to transmit analog signals. However, the nonlinearity of CTR and its variation with temperature make it challenging without additional compensation circuitry. For such tasks, dedicated linear optocouplers are more commonly used.8.2 Design Considerations_FInput Current Limitation_：Always_{An external resistor is required in series with the input LED to set the forward current (I}). Calculate R_Flimit_F= (V_Fdrive
• - V) / I
• . Ensure I_L)does not exceed 50 mA DC._LCTR derating with temperature_L: Consider the decrease in CTR at high temperatures. Design the circuit so that it still operates correctly at the maximum operating temperature when using the minimum CTR of the selected grade.
• Output load resistor (R): The value of the collector pull-up resistor affects switching speed, power consumption, and noise immunity. A smaller R

provides faster switching speed but higher current consumption. R

= 100Ω test condition is used for characterization; actual values typically range between 1kΩ and 10kΩ.

• Noise Immunity：低耦合电容（<1pF）提供了良好的共模抑制。对于非常嘈杂的环境，确保布局干净，接地良好，并考虑在输出侧电源轨之间添加一个小旁路电容（例如0.1µF）。
• 9. Technical Comparison and Advantages_{The EL101XH-G series stands out in the market through several key features:})Long creepage distance (8mm)
• Compared to standard SOP optocouplers, this extended creepage distance offers a significant advantage for applications requiring reinforced insulation or operation in polluted environments, as it reduces the risk of surface tracking.High isolation voltage (5000V
• RMS): This is a robust isolation rating suitable for industrial mains-connected equipment (e.g., 240V/480V systems).
• Compliant with halogen-free standards.: Meets environmental and regulatory requirements for reduced halogen content, which is increasingly important in green electronics.

Wide operating temperature range (-55°C to +125°C).

Exceeds the typical commercial range (0°C to 70°C), making it suitable for industrial, automotive, and military-grade applications.
Pending safety certifications

The datasheet lists certifications from UL, cUL, VDE, SEMKO, NEMKO, DEMKO, FIMKO, and CQC as "pending." This indicates the device is designed to meet these stringent international safety standards.
10. Frequently Asked Questions (Based on Technical Parameters)

Q1: What is the purpose of the long creepage distance?
A1: Creepage distance is the shortest path along the surface of the insulating package between two conductive parts (input and output pins). The 8mm distance increases protection against high-voltage arcing or tracking along the package surface, especially in humid or contaminated environments, thereby enhancing long-term reliability and safety.

Q2: Yaya za a zaɓi CTR darajar da ta dace?
A2: Zaɓi bisa ga ƙarfin kwararar da kuke da ita da kuma ƙarfin fitarwa da kuke buƙata. Idan microcontroller ɗinku zai iya ba da 5mA kawai, zaɓi babban matakin CTR (misali EL1019H) don samun isasshen ƙarfin fitarwa. Idan kuna da isasshen ƙarfin kwarara, ƙananan matakan na iya zama mafi arha. Koyaushe ƙirƙira bisa ga yanayin mafi munin (CTR mafi ƙanƙanta a zafin jiki mafi girma)._{Q3: Shin ana iya amfani da wannan don keɓe siginar AC?}Q4: What is the difference between isolation voltage and collector-emitter voltage rating?A4: Isolation voltage (5000VRMS) is the packageBetween the input and output sides.

The dielectric withstand voltage. Collector-emitter voltage (80V) is during normal operation.

Can be applied across the output transistor itself.The maximum voltage. They are completely different parameters.

11. Practical Design Case Studies

1. Scenario:In an industrial PLC module, isolate a 3.3V microcontroller GPIO signal to control a 24V relay coil on an independent power domain._FDesign Steps:_FInput Side:_{MCU GPIO is 3.3V. Assuming the desired I}is 5mA, the typical V
2. is 1.2V, calculate Rlimit_F= (3.3V - 1.2V) / 0.005A = 420Ω. Use a standard 430Ω resistor.
3. CTR Selection:The base of the transistor driving the relay coil requires approximately 5mA. At I_L=5mA, the required minimum CTR = (5mA / 5mA)*100% = 100%. To ensure operation at 125°C (where CTR is lower), select a grade with sufficient margin. EL1018H (minimum CTR 130%) is a good choice.
4. Output Side:Connect the phototransistor collector to the 24V power supply via a pull-up resistor (R

). The emitter is connected to the base of the relay driver transistor (an NPN BJT or N-channel MOSFET gate). When the MCU output is high, the LED turns on, the phototransistor saturates, pulling the base close to ground potential, thereby turning off the driver. When the MCU output is low, the LED turns off, the phototransistor turns off, and a separate bias resistor pulls the driver base high to activate the relay. A flyback diode is required across the relay coil.

Layout:

Keep input and output traces physically separated on the PCB. Place bypass capacitors close to the device pins. Follow the recommended pad layout for reliable soldering.

1. This design provides robust isolation, protecting the sensitive microcontroller from transients generated by inductive relay coils.12. Working PrincipleAn optocoupler (or opto-isolator) is a device that uses light to transmit electrical signals between two isolated circuits. In the EL101XH-G series:Applied toInput pins (anode and cathode)
2. The current causes the integrated
3. Infrared light-emitting diode (LED)Emit photons.These photons propagate through the transparent insulating material within the package, typically molded epoxy.Photons strike.
4. Output side的 pins.
5. Silicon phototransistor_Cbase region._FLight energy generates electron-hole pairs in the base region, effectively acting as base current, causing the transistor to operate in its

Collector and emitter

Conducts between.

Output collector current (I

• ) is proportional to the input LED current (I), with the constant of proportionality being the Current Transfer Ratio (CTR).
• The key point is that the only connection between input and output is a beam of light, providing excellent electrical isolation determined by the properties of the insulating barrier and the internal distance between the LED and phototransistor chips.13. Industry Trends
• The market for isolation components such as optocouplers is evolving, driven by several key trends:Higher Speeds and Bandwidth:
• The growing demand for digital isolators and high-speed optocouplers capable of supporting communication protocols like USB, CAN FD, and Ethernet in isolated networks is pushing data rates into the tens and hundreds of Mbps.Integration:
• The trend is to integrate multiple isolated channels into a single package, or to combine isolation with other functions such as gate drivers for power MOSFETs/IGBTs.Enhanced Safety and Reliability Standards:

Regulations in industrial, automotive (ISO 26262), and medical equipment fields continue to tighten, requiring components to have higher certified isolation ratings, longer creepage/clearance distances, and proven reliability data.