Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha
- 2.1 Halayen Hasken Gani da Na'urar Gani
- 2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Zafi
- 2.3 Matsakaicin Matsakaici da Amincewa
- 3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bin bisa mahimman sigogi don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa. 3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani Ana rarraba ƙarfin hasken gani zuwa lambobin bin haruffa da lambobi (misali, L1, M1, N1...). Kwandon bin na wannan lambar sashi na musamman, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin teburin halaye (Misali. 355 mcd), ya faɗi cikin kwandon bin "T1", wanda ya ƙunshi kewayon daga 280 mcd zuwa 355 mcd. Tsarin rarrabawar ya faɗi daga ƙaramin ƙarfi sosai (L1: 11.2-14 mcd) zuwa babban ƙarfi sosai, yana ba da zaɓi mai faɗi don buƙatun haske daban-daban. 3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Tsinkayen da ya fi rinjaye Ana sarrafa launin shuɗi ta hanyar kwandon bin tsawon tsinkaye mai rinjaye. Ƙimar al'ada na 468 nm na wannan sashi ya sanya shi a cikin kwandon bin "6367", wanda ya faɗi daga 463 nm zuwa 467 nm, ko kuma yuwuwar kwandon bin "6771" (467-471 nm), ya danganta da ainihin mafi ƙanƙanta/mafi girma. Wannan matsakaicin sarrafawa (±1 nm jurewa) yana tabbatar da ƙaramin bambancin launi tsakanin LED ɗaya ɗaya a cikin taro. 4. Binciken Lankwasa Ayyuka 4.1 Gaba da Halin Yanzu vs. Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki (Lankwasa IV) Grafin da aka bayar yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin gaba da halin yanzu da gaba da ƙarfin lantarki. Lankwasa ta al'ada ce ga LED shuɗi, tare da ƙarfin lantarki mai kunna kusan 2.7V da gangare mai gangare daga baya. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi. 4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki Grafofi da yawa suna cikakken bayanin canje-canjen aiki tare da zafin jiki. Gaba da ƙarfin lantarki yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, yana raguwa da kusan 2 mV/°C dangane da ƙimarsa a 25°C. Akasin haka, ƙarfin hasken gani yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi; a 100°C, fitarwa kusan 80-85% ne na ƙimarsa na 25°C. Tsawon tsinkaye mai rinjaye kuma yana ɗan motsawa tare da zafin jiki (yawanci +0.05 zuwa +0.1 nm/°C ga LED shuɗi). 4.3 Rarraba Bakan da Tsarin Radiation Grafin rarraba bakan dangi yana nuna kololuwa a yankin tsawon tsinkaye shuɗi (~468 nm) tare da cikakken faɗin rabin matsakaicin (FWHM) na al'ada don LED na tushen InGaN. Zanen tsarin radiation yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallon 120° ta gani, yana nuna tsarin fitarwa mai kama da Lambertian. 4.4 Ragewa da Aikin Bugun Jini Lankwasa ta rage gaba da halin yanzu tana ba da izinin matsakaicin halin yanzu mai ci gaba a matsayin aikin zafin jiki na lebur na solder (TS). Misali, a TS na 110°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu shine 30 mA. Wani grafi daban yana ayyana ƙarfin ɗaukar bugun jini da aka halatta, yana nuna matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini (IFP) da aka halatta don faɗin bugun jini (tp) da zagayowar aiki (D). 5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
- 6. Jagororin Solder da Taro
- 6.1 Bayanin Solder na Reflow
- 6.2 Kariya don Amfani
- 7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda
- 8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
- 8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada
- 8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira
- 9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
- 10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)
- 11. Ƙirar Aiki da Amfani na Aiki
- 12. Ka'idar Aiki
- 13. Trends na Fasaha
1. Bayanin Samfur
67-11-UB0200H-AM babban abu ne mai aminci, LED mai hawa sama wanda aka ƙera musamman don buƙatun cikin mota masu wahala. Ta amfani da kunshin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier), wannan na'urar tana ba da mafita mai ƙarfi don hasken baya da ayyukan nuna alama inda aikin daidaito a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban yake da mahimmanci. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da faɗin kusurwar kallon digiri 120 don kyakkyawan gani, cancantar ƙa'idar AEC-Q101 mai tsauri don abubuwan matakin mota, da bin doka na muhalli na RoHS da REACH. Babban kasuwar da aka yi niyya ita ce na'urorin lantarki na mota, tare da manyan aikace-aikace da suka haɗa da hasken taron kayan aiki, hasken baya na canji, da hasken ciki na gabaɗaya.
2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha
2.1 Halayen Hasken Gani da Na'urar Gani
LED yana fitar da hasken shuɗi tare da tsawon tsinkaye mai rinjaye (λd) na al'ada na 468 nm, wanda ya kewayo daga 463 nm zuwa 475 nm. Babban sigar hasken gani shine ƙarfinsa na hasken gani, wanda yawanci shine 355 millicandelas (mcd) lokacin da aka motsa shi da daidaitaccen gwajin halin yanzu na 20 mA. Mafi ƙanƙanta da matsakaicin ƙimomin wannan kwandon bin sune 224 mcd da 560 mcd, bi da bi, suna nuna yaduwar samarwa. Siffa ta ma'ana ita ce faɗin kusurwar kallonta (φ) na digiri 120, wanda shine kusurwar kashe-axis inda ƙarfin hasken gani ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske a kan yanki mai faɗi.
2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Zafi
Gaba da ƙarfin lantarki (VF) yawanci yana auna 3.1 volts a 20 mA, tare da kewayon daga 2.75 V zuwa 3.75 V. Matsakaicin matsakaicin gaba da halin yanzu mai ci gaba (IF) shine 30 mA, tare da shawarar aikin halin yanzu na 20 mA. Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin koma baya ba. Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED. An ƙayyade juriyar zafi na haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder tare da ƙimomi biyu: ma'aunin lantarki (Rth JS el) na 100 K/W matsakaici da ainihin ma'auni (Rth JS real) na 130 K/W matsakaici. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa da aka halatta (TJ) shine 125°C.
2.3 Matsakaicin Matsakaici da Amincewa
Ƙa'idodi masu tsauri suna ayyana yankin aiki mai aminci: Rage wutar lantarki (Pd) bai kamata ya wuce 112 mW ba. Na'urar na iya jure halin yanzu na ƙarfafa (IFM) na 300 mA don bugun jini ≤ 10 µs tare da ƙaramin zagayowar aiki (0.005). Yanayin aiki da ajiya yana kewayo daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, ya dace da yanayin mota. Kariyar fitarwa ta electrostatic (ESD) an ƙididdige shi a 8 kV (Samfurin Jikin Mutum), kuma an rarraba abin a matsayin Matsakaicin Hali na Danshi (MSL) 2.
3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa
Ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon bin bisa mahimman sigogi don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin rukunin samarwa.
3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken Gani
Ana rarraba ƙarfin hasken gani zuwa lambobin bin haruffa da lambobi (misali, L1, M1, N1...). Kwandon bin na wannan lambar sashi na musamman, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin teburin halaye (Misali. 355 mcd), ya faɗi cikin kwandon bin "T1", wanda ya ƙunshi kewayon daga 280 mcd zuwa 355 mcd. Tsarin rarrabawar ya faɗi daga ƙaramin ƙarfi sosai (L1: 11.2-14 mcd) zuwa babban ƙarfi sosai, yana ba da zaɓi mai faɗi don buƙatun haske daban-daban.
3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Tsinkayen da ya fi rinjaye
Ana sarrafa launin shuɗi ta hanyar kwandon bin tsawon tsinkaye mai rinjaye. Ƙimar al'ada na 468 nm na wannan sashi ya sanya shi a cikin kwandon bin "6367", wanda ya faɗi daga 463 nm zuwa 467 nm, ko kuma yuwuwar kwandon bin "6771" (467-471 nm), ya danganta da ainihin mafi ƙanƙanta/mafi girma. Wannan matsakaicin sarrafawa (±1 nm jurewa) yana tabbatar da ƙaramin bambancin launi tsakanin LED ɗaya ɗaya a cikin taro.
4. Binciken Lankwasa Ayyuka
4.1 Gaba da Halin Yanzu vs. Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki (Lankwasa IV)
Grafin da aka bayar yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta layi tsakanin gaba da halin yanzu da gaba da ƙarfin lantarki. Lankwasa ta al'ada ce ga LED shuɗi, tare da ƙarfin lantarki mai kunna kusan 2.7V da gangare mai gangare daga baya. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi.
4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki
Grafofi da yawa suna cikakken bayanin canje-canjen aiki tare da zafin jiki. Gaba da ƙarfin lantarki yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, yana raguwa da kusan 2 mV/°C dangane da ƙimarsa a 25°C. Akasin haka, ƙarfin hasken gani yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi; a 100°C, fitarwa kusan 80-85% ne na ƙimarsa na 25°C. Tsawon tsinkaye mai rinjaye kuma yana ɗan motsawa tare da zafin jiki (yawanci +0.05 zuwa +0.1 nm/°C ga LED shuɗi).
4.3 Rarraba Bakan da Tsarin Radiation
Grafin rarraba bakan dangi yana nuna kololuwa a yankin tsawon tsinkaye shuɗi (~468 nm) tare da cikakwen faɗin rabin matsakaicin (FWHM) na al'ada don LED na tushen InGaN. Zanen tsarin radiation yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallon 120° ta gani, yana nuna tsarin fitarwa mai kama da Lambertian.
4.4 Ragewa da Aikin Bugun Jini
Lankwasa ta rage gaba da halin yanzu tana ba da izinin matsakaicin halin yanzu mai ci gaba a matsayin aikin zafin jiki na lebur na solder (TS). Misali, a TSna 110°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu shine 30 mA. Wani grafi daban yana ayyana ƙarfin ɗaukar bugun jini da aka halatta, yana nuna matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini (IFP) da aka halatta don faɗin bugun jini (tp) da zagayowar aiki (D).
5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
Abun yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin PLCC-2 mai hawa sama. Zanen injiniya (wanda aka nuna ta sashin "Girman Injiniya") zai ƙayyade ainihin tsayi, faɗi, tsayi, da tazarar jagora. Kunshin yana da jikin filastik da aka yi da shi tare da jagora biyu. Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar siffar jiki na kunshin ko alama a saman, yawanci tsaga ko kore a kusa da cathode. An ba da shimfidar wurin solder da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da taimakon zafi yayin reflow.
6. Jagororin Solder da Taro
6.1 Bayanin Solder na Reflow
Takardar bayanin ta ƙayyade yanayin solder na reflow inda dole ne jagororin abin su kasance cikin zafin jiki sama da 217°C (zafin jiki na solder paste liquidus) na tsawon lokaci tsakanin 60 zuwa 150 seconds. Cikakken bayanin grafin reflow zai nuna shawarar dumama, jika, matsakaicin zafin jiki na reflow (wanda bai kamata ya wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki na solder na LED ba), da ƙimar gangaren sanyaya.
6.2 Kariya don Amfani
Kariya na gabaɗaya sun haɗa da: Guje wa amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na koma baya. Yin amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai ci gaba don iyakance gaba da halin yanzu. Tabbatar da cewa ba a wuce matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa ta la'akari da yanayin yanayi, halin yanzu na tuƙi, da ƙirar zafi na PCB. Gudanar da na'urori tare da kariyar ESD da ta dace. Bin sharuɗɗan ajiya da aka ba da shawarar (MSL 2) idan an buɗe kunshin.
7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda
Sashen "Bayanin Kunshin" ya yi cikakken bayanin yadda ake samar da LED, yawanci akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya da aka yi da su a cikin reels. Mahimman sigogi sun haɗa da girman reel, filin aljihu, da adadin abubuwa a kowace reel. Lambar sashi 67-11-UB0200H-AM tana bin tsarin lamba na musamman inda "67" mai yiwuwa ke nuna jerin, "11" girman ko bambance-bambance, "UB" launi (Shuɗi), da "200H" takamaiman kwandon bin ayyuka. "Bayanin Oda" zai fayyace yadda ake ƙayyade girman reel ko wasu zaɓuɓɓuka.
8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace
8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada
Wannan LED ya dace don:
Hasken Cikin Mota:Hasken baya don maɓallai, maɓalli, bangarorin sarrafa yanayi, da kofofin kofa.
Tarin Kayan Aiki:Hasken ma'auni da alamun gargaɗi, yana amfana da faɗin kusurwar kallo.
Ayyukan Nuna Alama na Gabaɗaya:Fitilun yanayi a cikin ɗakin inda shuɗi shine launin da aka keɓe.
8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira
Halin Yanzu na Tuƙi:Koyaushe yi amfani da tushen halin yanzu mai ci gaba ko tushen ƙarfin lantarki tare da resistor na jerin. Lissafa ƙimar resistor ta amfani da R = (Vsupply- VF) / IF. Yi amfani da matsakaicin VFdaga takardar bayanin don tabbatar da halin yanzu bai wuce iyaka ba a ƙananan zafin jiki inda VFya fi girma.
Gudanar da Zafi:Haɗa lebur na zafi (idan yana nan) zuwa isasshen yanki na tagulla akan PCB don yin aiki azaman ma'aunin zafi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye fitarwar haske da tsawon rai, musamman a manyan yanayin yanayi ko halin yanzu na tuƙi.
Ƙirar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na iya buƙatar jagororin haske ko masu watsawa don cimma takamaiman tsarin haske da guje wa wurare masu zafi.
9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED na PLCC-2 na kasuwanci, manyan abubuwan da suka bambanta na wannan sashi sunecancantar AEC-Q101, wanda ke tabbatar da amincinsa a ƙarƙashin gwaje-gwajen damuwa na mota (zagayowar zafi, aiki mai zafi/ɗanɗano mai yawa, da sauransu), da faɗaɗa kewayon yanayin aiki (-40°C zuwa +110°C). Matsakaicin ESD na 8 kV shima yawanci ya fi na sassan kasuwanci girma. Takamaiman rarrabawa don ƙarfin hasken gani da tsawon tsinkaye yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske, wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin nuni na mota mai LED da yawa.
10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Bisa Sigogi na Fasaha)
Q: Zan iya tuƙa wannan LED kai tsaye daga samfurin 5V?
A: A'a. Tare da V na al'adaFna 3.1V, haɗa shi kai tsaye zuwa 5V zai haifar da halin yanzu mai yawa da gazawar nan take. Dole ne ku yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jerin ko direba mai ci gaba.
Q: Menene tsammanin rayuwar wannan LED?
A: Rayuwar LED tana dogaro sosai da yanayin aiki, da farko zafin haɗin gwiwa da halin yanzu na tuƙi. Lokacin da ake aiki a cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙima (musamman TJ <125°C), LED na matakin mota irin wannan yawanci suna da rayuwar L70 (lokacin zuwa 70% na fitarwar haske na farko) wanda aka ƙididdige shi cikin dubunnan sa'o'i.
Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon bin ƙarfin hasken gani (misali, T1) lokacin yin oda?
A: Lambar kwandon bin tana ba da garantin cewa ƙarfin LED zai faɗi cikin ƙayyadadden kewayon (misali, T1: 280-355 mcd). Don daidaitaccen haske a cikin jeri, ƙayyade lambar kwandon bin ɗaya, mai ƙarfi.
Q: Shin ma'aunin zafi yana da mahimmanci?
A> Don ci gaba da aiki a 20 mA ko sama, musamman a manyan yanayin yanayi, ingantaccen sarrafa zafi ta hanyar tagulla na PCB yana da mahimmanci. Yawanci ba a buƙatar keɓaɓɓen ma'aunin zafi don LED guda ɗaya, amma shimfidar PCB dole ne ta sauƙaƙe tarwatsa zafi.
11. Ƙirar Aiki da Amfani na Aiki
Harka: Ƙirar hasken baya don maɓallin turawa na mota.
1. Bukatu:Daidaitaccen hasken shuɗi a kan hular maɓalli mai diamita 10mm.
2. Zaɓin Abun:LED ɗaya 67-11-UB0200H-AM ya isa saboda babban haskensa da faɗin kusurwar kallonta.
3. Ƙirar Da'ira:Ana amfani da tsarin 12V na al'ada na motar (14V lokacin gudu). An lissafa resistor na jerin: R = (14V - 3.1V) / 0.020A = 545 ohms. An zaɓi resistor na 560 ohm, 1/8W. Wutar lantarki da aka tarwatsa a cikin LED shine P = VF* IF= ~3.1V * 0.02A = 62 mW, ƙasa da matsakaicin 112 mW.
4. Shimfidar PCB:An sanya LED a tsakiya ƙarƙashin maɓalli. An haɗa lebur ɗin solder zuwa babban yanki na tagulla akan filin ƙasa na allon don taimaka tarwatsa zafi. Ana lura da alamar polarity a hankali yayin taro.
5. Haɗin Gani:An sanya ƙaramin jagoran haske na filastik mai launin madara tsakanin LED da hular maɓalli don watsa tushen batu zuwa da'irar haske mai daidaito.
12. Ka'idar Aiki
Wannan diode ne mai fitar da haske na semiconductor (LED). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap ɗinsa a kan anode da cathode, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na guntu na semiconductor (yawanci an yi shi da Indium Gallium Nitride - InGaN don hasken shuɗi). Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon tsinkaye (launi) na hasken da aka fitar an ƙaddara shi ta ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su. Kunshin PLCC-2 yana ɗauke da ƙaramin guntu na semiconductor, yana ba da kariyar injiniya, yana ɗauke da igiyoyin haɗin gwiwa, kuma ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau na filastik da aka yi da shi wanda ke siffanta fitarwar haske don cimma kusurwar kallon digiri 120.
13. Trends na Fasaha
Trend a cikin LED na hasken cikin mota yana zuwa ga ƙarin inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), yana ba da damar nuni mai haske ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da kayan zafi. Hakanan akwai motsi zuwa ƙananan girman kunshin (misali, kunshin ma'aunin guntu) don shimfidar PCB mai yawa da ƙirar sassauƙa. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa na'urorin sarrafa lantarki, kamar direbobi masu ci gaba ko da'irori masu duhu na PWM, kai tsaye cikin kunshin LED ("LED masu hankali") yana zama gama gari don sauƙaƙa ƙirar tsarin. Daidaiton launi da kwanciyar hankali akan zafin jiki da tsawon rai sun kasance mahimman wuraren mayar da hankali, wanda manyan ƙa'idodin kayan ado na cikin motoci na zamani suka motsa.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |