Takardar Bayanin Fasaha ta PLCC-2 LED Mai Sanyi - Girman 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 3.1V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 0.062W - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanai game da LED da ake amfani da shi a saman allon kewaye (SMD) ta amfani da kayan PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). Na'urar tana fitar da haske mai launin sanyi kuma an ƙera ta don dogaro da aiki mai kyau a cikin yanayi masu wuyar gaske. Babban manufarta ita ce tsarin hasken cikin mota, inda daidaiton launi, haske, da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci suke da muhimmanci.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙaramin girmansa, faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 wanda ya dace da haske mai yaduwa, da ƙaƙƙarfan gini wanda ya cancanta ga ma'aunin AEC-Q101 na kayan mota. Haka nan yana bin ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS da REACH. Matsakaicin ƙarfin haske shine millicandelas 1800 (mcd) lokacin da ake amfani da shi a daidaitaccen na'urar 20 milliamperes (mA).

2. Cikakken Bincike na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Lantarki

An ayyana mahimman sigogi na aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji. Na'urar gaba (I_F) tana da shawarar aiki a 20 mA, tare da mafi ƙarancin 2 mA kuma mafi girman 30 mA. A 20 mA, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) shine Volts 3.10, tare da kewayon daga 2.75V zuwa 3.75V. Wannan yana haifar da matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na kusan milliwatts 62 (0.062 Watts).

Babban fitarwa na hoto ana siffanta shi da ƙarfin haske. Matsakaicin ƙimar shine 1800 mcd, tare da mafi ƙarancin 1120 mcd kuma mafi girma na 2800 mcd a 20 mA. An ayyana launi ta hanyar daidaitattun ma'auni na CIE 1931, tare da matsakaicin manufa na (0.3, 0.3). Rashin daidaituwa na waɗannan ma'auni shine ±0.005, yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi. Kusurwar kallo, inda ƙarfin haske ya rabi mafi girman ƙimar, shine digiri 120 tare da rashin daidaituwa na ±5 digiri.

2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga da Gudanar da Zazzabi

Don tabbatar da tsawon rayuwar na'urar, dole ne yanayin aiki kada ya wuce matsakaicin ƙididdiga. Matsakaicin izinin ci gaba da na'urar gaba shine 30 mA. Na'urar na iya jurewa ɗan gajeren lokaci na ƙarfin lantarki (I_FM) na 250 mA don bugun jini ≤ 10 microseconds. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na haɗin gwiwa (T_J) shine 125°C. Ana ba da shawarar yanayin zafin yanayi daga -40°C zuwa +110°C.

Ana ƙididdige aikin zafi ta hanyar juriyar zafi. Ainihin juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (R_th_JS_real) shine matsakaicin 180 K/W. Juriyar zafi ta lantarki (R_th_JS_el), wanda aka samo daga hanyar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, shine matsakaicin 120 K/W. Daidaitaccen ƙirar zafi na PCB yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman a manyan na'urori ko yanayin zafi mai girma.

3. Bincike na Lankwasa Aiki

3.1 Rarraba Siffa da Tsarin Radiation

Graf na rarraba siffa na dangi yana nuna bayanin fitarwa na LED mai launin sanyi wanda aka canza phosphor. Yana da babban kololuwa a yankin shuɗi daga farkon mutuwa da babban kololuwa na biyu a yankin rawaya/kore daga phosphor, wanda ya haɗu don samar da hasken fari. Zanen tsarin radiation na yau da kullun yana tabbatar da rarraba kamar Lambertian tare da ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

3.2 Na'urar Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lankwasa IV)

Graf da ke zana na'urar gaba akan ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana nuna alaƙar alamar diode. Yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar da'ira don tabbatar da direba zai iya samar da ƙarfin lantarki da ake buƙata, musamman la'akari daV_Fbambanci akan zafin jiki da tsakanin raka'a ɗaya.

3.3 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Graf da yawa suna kwatanta halayen na'urar a duk faɗin zafin jiki. Ƙarfin haske na dangi yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru, wani abu ne na gama gari ga duk LEDs. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, yana raguwa da layi tare da haɓakar zafin jiki. Ma'auni na chromaticity (CIE x, y) kuma suna motsawa tare da duka na'urar gaba da zafin haɗin gwiwa, wanda shine muhimmin la'akari don aikace-aikacen launi mai mahimmanci.

3.4 Ragewa da Aikin Bugun Jini

Lankwasa na rage na'urar gaba yana ƙayyade matsakaicin izinin ci gaba da na'urar bisa ga zafin jiki na solder pad (T_S). Misali, a zafin jiki na pad na 110°C, matsakaicin na'urar shine 22 mA. Jadawalin iyawar ɗaukar bugun jini yana ba da jagora don tsare-tsaren tuƙi na bugun jini, yana nuna matsakaicin na'urar bugun jini (I_FP) wanda aka yarda da shi don ƙayyadadden faɗin bugun jini (t_p) da tsarin aiki (D).

4. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Ana rarraba samfurin zuwa kwandon shara bisa ga ƙarfin haske da ma'auni na chromaticity don tabbatar da daidaiton aiki a cikin yawan samarwa.

4.1 Binning Ƙarfin Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa lambobin kwandon shara na haruffa daga L1 (11.2-14 mcd) har zuwa GA (18000-22400 mcd). Ga wannan takamaiman samfurin, matsakaicin fitarwa ya faɗi cikin kwandon shara na AB (1400-1800 mcd) da BA (1800-2240 mcd), kamar yadda aka haskaka a cikin takardar bayanai. Matsakaicin ƙimar aunin haske shine ±8%.

4.2 Binning Chromaticity (Sanyi Fari)

An ayyana launin sanyi a cikin takamaiman yankuna akan zanen chromaticity na CIE 1931. Takardar bayanai tana ba da daidaitattun ma'auni don lambobin kwandon shara da yawa (misali, FK0, GK0, HK0, IK0, NK0, PK0, FL0, GL0). Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar kwandon shara wanda ya dace da takamaiman buƙatun zafin jiki da launi. Matsakaicin manufa shine kwandon shara NK0 tare da ma'auni (0.3339, 0.3336).

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Injiniya

LED yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin saman PLCC-2. Zanen injiniya ya ƙayyade mahimman girma ciki har da tsawon gabaɗaya, faɗi, tsayi, tazarar jagora, da matsayin pad. Bin waɗannan girma yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar ƙafar PCB da haɗaɗɗiyar kayan aiki ta atomatik.

5.2 Shawararriyar Tsarin Layout na Solder Pad & Polarity

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa na solder pad don tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin gwiwar solder da kuma sauƙin zafi mai dacewa. Zanen ya nuna a sarari pad na anode da cathode. Daidaitaccen jagorancin polarity yayin haɗawa wajibi ne don na'urar ta yi aiki.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Solder Reflow

Bangaren ya dace da hanyoyin solder reflow. Takardar bayanai ta ƙayyade siffa tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C, wanda bai kamata a wuce fiye da dakika 30 ba. Ya kamata a sarrafa zafin jiki na farko, jiƙa, reflow, da ƙimar sanyaya bisa ga daidaitattun jagororin IPC/JEDEC don na'urori masu hankali ga danshi (MSL 2).

6.2 Hatsarori don Amfani

Hatsarori na gabaɗaya sun haɗa da guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau, kare na'urar daga fitarwa na lantarki mai tsauri (ESD mai ƙimar 8 kV HBM), da adanawa a cikin yanayi masu dacewa don kiyaye ƙimar MSL 2. Ba a ƙera LED don aikin ƙarfin lantarki na baya ba.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

Lambar sashi ita ce 57-11-C70200H-AM. Bayanin oda yawanci ya haɗa da lambar sashi na tushe kuma yana iya haɗawa da ƙayyadaddun kwandon shara da ake so don ƙarfin haske da launi. Kunshin yawanci akan tef da reel ne don dacewa da kayan haɗawa mai saurin ɗauka da sanyawa. Cikakkun girma na reel da jagorancin ɓangaren an bayyana su dalla-dalla a sashin bayanin kunshin.

8. Bayanan Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen shine hasken cikin mota, kamar hasken maɓallan dashboard, allunan sarrafawa, hasken yanayi, da fitilun nuni. Dogararsa da cancanta sun sa ya dace da wasu yanayi masu wuyar gaske kuma.

8.2 La'akari da Ƙirar Da'ira

Dole ne masu ƙira su aiwatar da da'irar direba mai dorewa don tabbatar da ingantaccen fitarwa da hana guduwar zafi. Ya kamata a saita na'urar a ko ƙasa da 20 mA don aiki na yau da kullun, la'akari da buƙatun ragewa bisa ga yanayin zafi na aikace-aikacen. Resistan mai iyakancewa na'urar bai isa ba don aikace-aikacen daidaitawa sabodaV_Fbambanci. Faɗin kusurwar kallo yana kawar da buƙatar na'urori na gani na biyu a yawancin yanayi na haske mai yaduwa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LEDs na PLCC-2 na gabaɗaya, babban bambancin wannan na'urar shine cancantar sa na mota AEC-Q101, wanda ya ƙunshi gwaji mai tsauri na ɗanɗano, zagayowar zafin jiki, da rayuwar aiki, da ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin binning don ƙarfin haske da launi. Ƙimar ESD na 8 kV kuma ta wuce abubuwan da ake bayarwa na kasuwanci na yau da kullun, yana ba da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi akan abubuwan lantarki yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene mafi ƙarancin na'urar da ake buƙata don LED ya kunna?

A: Na'urar gaba na iya zama ƙasa kamar 2 mA, amma ƙarfin haske zai yi ƙasa sosai fiye da ƙimar da aka ƙidaya a 20 mA.

Q: Ta yaya zafin jiki ke shafar fitarwa?

A: Ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. Graf a sashin 3.3 yana ƙididdige wannan alaƙar, yana nuna raguwa zuwa kusan 40% na ƙimar sa na zafin ɗaki a zafin haɗin gwiwa na 140°C.

Q: Zan iya tuƙi wannan LED tare da samar da 5V da resistor?

A: I, amma a hankali. Tare da na yau da kullunV_Fna 3.1V, resistor na jerin zai buƙaci saukar da 1.9V a 20 mA, yana buƙatar resistor na ohm 95. Wannan hanyar tana da hankali gaV_Fda bambancin ƙarfin lantarki, yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin haske. Ana ba da shawarar direba mai dorewa don ingantaccen aiki.

Q: Menene MSL 2 ke nufi ga ajiya?

A: Matakin Hankali na Danshi 2 yana nuna cewa ana iya adana kunshin a cikin yanayin masana'anta (

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Ƙira

Yi la'akari da aikace-aikacen hasken baya na cibiyar mota. Ana sanya LEDs da yawa a bayan wani panel na filastik mai wucewa. Ta amfani da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, ƙananan LEDs na iya buƙatar samun daidaitaccen haske idan aka kwatanta da na'urar mai ƙunƙuntacciyar kusurwa. Mai ƙira ya zaɓi kwandon shara na BA da kwandon shara na launi NK0 don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da launi a duk faɗin raka'a. Takamaiman IC direba na LED yana ba da na'urar dorewa na 18 mA ga kowane kirtani, ɗan ƙasa da 20 mA na yau da kullun don tsawaita rayuwa da la'akari da dumamar gida. Ana sanya hanyoyin zafi a ƙarƙashin pad ɗin solder akan PCB don fitar da zafi zuwa wani filin ƙasa na ciki, yana kiyaye zafin jiki na pad ɗin solder ƙasa da 85°C don ba da damar cikakken aikin na'urar bisa ga lankwasa na ragewa.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ne mai launin fari wanda aka canza phosphor. Tsarin shine guntu na semiconductor (yawanci bisa InGaN) wanda ke fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka nuna shi gaba (electroluminescence). Wannan hasken shuɗi yana ɗauke da wani ɓangare ta hanyar Layer na yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phosphor da ke rufe guntu. Phosphor yana sake fitar da wannan makamashi azaman faɗin bakan hasken rawaya. Haɗin sauran hasken shuɗi da canza hasken rawaya idon ɗan adam yana ganinsa azaman hasken fari, musamman a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na "sanyi fari".

13. Trends na Fasaha

Trend a cikin SMD LEDs don mota da haske na gabaɗaya yana ci gaba zuwa mafi girman tasiri (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), ingantaccen ma'auni na nuna launi (CRI), da mafi girman dogaro a manyan yanayin aiki. Fasahar kunshin tana haɓakawa don ba da damar mafi girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki da mafi kyawun sarrafa zafi daga guntu zuwa allon. Haka nan akwai mayar da hankali kan ƙaƙƙarfan launi da binning flux don rage farashin tsarin ta hanyar rage buƙatar gyaran launi na lantarki. Abubuwan semiconductor da phosphor na ƙasa suna ci gaba da ingantawa don inganci da tsawon rai.