Takardar Bayanin Fasaha na LED PLCC-2 Mai Sanyi - Nau'in Motoci - Karfin Haske 2240mcd - Kallon Kwanar 120° - Takardar Fasaha ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakken bayanai game da LED mai inganci a cikin kunshin PLCC-2. Na'urar tana fitar da haske mai sanyi kuma an tsara ta don dogaro da aiki a cikin yanayi mai tsanani. Babban manufarta shine amfanin hasken cikin mota, inda daidaitaccen fitar da haske, kwanar kallo mai fadi, da ingantaccen gini suke da muhimmanci. LED din ya cika ka'idojin ingancin mota, yana tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci a karkashin yanayin zafi da na lantarki daban-daban.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali

LED din yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci ga injiniyoyin zane. Matsakaicin karfin haske na 2240 millicandelas (mcd) a daidaitaccen kwararar 20mA yana ba da haske mai haske. Kwanar kallo mai fadi na digiri 120 yana tabbatar da rarraba haske daidai, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga hasken baya na panel da kuma maɓalli. Na'urar tana da ingancin ma'aunin AEC-Q102, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewarta don amfanin mota. Bugu da ƙari, tana bin manyan ka'idojin muhalli ciki har da RoHS, REACH, da buƙatun maras halogen, yana tallafawa manufofin masana'antu da dorewa na duniya. Hakanan yana da ƙarfin sulfur (Aji B1), yana haɓaka tsawon rayuwarsa a cikin yanayi mai gurɓataccen yanayi.

1.2 Kasuwa da Ayyuka

Babban kasuwa shine sashin lantarki na mota. Takamaiman ayyuka sun haɗa da hasken yanayi na ciki, hasken baya na kayan aikin kewayawa, da hasken maɓalli da panel iko daban-daban. Haɗin aikin gani, dogaro, da bin ka'idoji sun sa ya zama zaɓi mai kyau ga waɗannan ayyukan.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Fahimtar cikakken sigogi na lantarki, gani, da na zafi yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen zanen kewaye da sarrafa zafi.

2.1 Halayen Gani da Lantarki

Matsakaicin aiki an ayyana shi a kwararar gaba (I_F) na 20mA. A wannan kwararar, matsakaicin karfin haske (I_V) shine 2240 mcd, tare da mafi ƙarancin 1400 mcd da matsakaicin 3550 mcd, yana nuna yaduwar samarwa. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) yakan auna 3.1V, daga 2.5V zuwa 3.75V. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye an siffanta shi da ma'auni na launi na CIE 1931, tare da matsakaicin ƙimar (0.3, 0.3). Kwanar kallo, inda karfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabin matsakaicin ƙimarsa, shine digiri 120 tare da juzu'i na ±5°.

2.2 Matsakaicin Ma'auni na Cikakke

Waɗannan ma'auni suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin ci gaba da kwararar gaba shine 80 mA. Na'urar na iya jure kwararar guguwa na 250 mA don ƙananan bugun jini (t ≤ 10 μs, aikin D=0.005). Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki shine 300 mW. Zafin haɗin gwiwa bai kamata ya wuce 125°C ba, tare da kewayon yanayin aiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C. Hancin lalata ta Electrostatic (ESD), an gwada shi bisa Tsarin Jikin Mutum (HBM), an ƙididdige shi a 8 kV. Matsakaicin zafin gishiri yayin sake kwarara shine 260°C na dakika 30.

2.3 Halayen Zafi

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED da kwanciyar hankali na fitar da haske. Takardar bayanin ta ƙayyade ƙimar juriya na zafi guda biyu: ainihin juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin gishiri (R_{th JS real}) shine matsakaicin 130 K/W, yayin da ƙimar da aka samo ta hanyar lantarki (R_{th JS el}) shine matsakaicin 100 K/W. Masu zane yakamata su yi amfani da ainihin ƙimar don ingantaccen ƙirar zafi. Lanƙwan rage kwararar gaba yana nuna cewa matsakaicin kwararar ci gaba da aka yarda yana raguwa yayin da zafin gindin gishiri ya ƙaru, yana raguwa zuwa 31 mA a 110°C.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Don sarrafa bambance-bambancen samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa kwandon asusun sigogi masu mahimmanci.

3.1 Rarraba Karfin Haske

Ana rarraba karfin haske ta amfani da tsarin lambar haruffa (misali, L1, M2, BA, CB). Kwandon sun ƙunshi fadi daga mafi ƙarancin 11.2 mcd (L1) zuwa sama da 22,400 mcd (GA). Matsakaicin ɓangaren (2240 mcd) ya faɗi cikin kwandon \"BA\", wanda ya kai daga 1800 mcd zuwa 2240 mcd. Kwandon da aka haskaka a cikin teburin takardar bayanin suna nuna yuwuwar kewayon fitarwa na wannan takamaiman samfurin.

3.2 Rarraba Ma'auni na Launi

An ayyana launin fari mai sanyi a cikin takamaiman yankuna akan zanen launi na CIE 1931. Takardar bayanin tana ba da tsarin kwandon hoto kuma tana jera takamaiman lambobin kwandon (misali, FK0, GK0, HK0, NK0, PK0, FL0) tare da iyakokin ma'auni masu dacewa. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin ƙayyadaddun juzu'i don ayyukan da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya.

4. Binciken Lanƙwan Aiki

Bayanan hoto suna ba da haske game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban.

4.1 Lanƙwan IV da Matsakaicin Karfin Haske

Graf na Kwararar Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta yau da kullun na diodes. Lanƙwan Matsakaicin Karfin Haske da Kwararar Gaba yana ƙasa da layi; ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa tare da kwararar amma ba daidai ba, kuma inganci na iya raguwa a manyan kwararru saboda ƙarin zafi.

4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Graf na Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana da gangare mara kyau, ma'ana V_Fyana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi, wanda shine halayen bandgap na semiconductor. Graf na Matsakaicin Karfin Haske da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna ƙarfin yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, wani abu da aka sani da zazzagewar zafi. Graf na Canjin Ma'auni na Launi da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna yadda farin batu zai iya canzawa kaɗan tare da zafin jiki, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ayyukan masu mahimmanci na launi.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan da Sarrafa Bugun Jini

Graf na Rarraba Bakan na Dangantaka yana nuna bakan fitarwa na LED mai sanyi wanda aka canza phosphor, yana nuna kololuwar famfo shuɗi da faɗaɗa fitar da phosphor rawaya. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini da aka yarda yana ayyana matsakaicin kwararar bugun jini mara ci gaba da aka yarda don ayyukan aiki daban-daban da faɗin bugun jini, mai amfani ga ayyukan haɗawa da yawa ko PWM dimming.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Injiniya

LED din yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) mai hawa sama. Zanen girma yana ba da ma'auni masu mahimmanci ciki har da tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, tsayi, tazarar jagora, da girman gindin. Yin bin waɗannan ma'auni yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB da haɗa kai ta atomatik.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Gishiri da aka Shawarta da Polarity

An ba da shawarar tsarin ƙasa (zane na gindin gishiri) don tabbatar da ingantattun haɗin gishiri da daidaitawar daidai yayin sake kwarara. An nuna polarity ta hanyar ilimin halittar jiki; yawanci, jagora ɗaya ko tsaga/tsaga akan jikin kunshin yana nuna cathode. Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci don aikin kewaye.

6. Jagororin Gishiri da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Sake Kwarara Gishiri

An ƙayyade cikakken bayanin zafin jiki na sake kwarara gishiri. Matsakaicin zafin jiki bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin da ya wuce 240°C (ko kuma irin wannan zafin jiki na ruwa) yakamata a iyakance shi zuwa tsawon lokacin da aka ba da shawarar (misali, dakika 30) don hana lalacewar zafi ga kunshin filastik da na ciki die da haɗin waya.

6.2 Hattarai don Amfani da Ajiya

Hattarai na gabaɗaya sun haɗa da guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau, kariya daga lalata ta Electrostatic (ESD) ta amfani da ingantaccen ƙasa, da adanawa a cikin yanayi mai bushewa, mai sarrafawa. Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin bias na baya ba. Kewayon zafin ajiya ya yi daidai da kewayon aiki (-40°C zuwa +110°C).

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Ana ba da LED ɗin a cikin daidaitaccen tef da kunshin reeli wanda ya dace da injunan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik. Bayanin kunshin ya ƙididdige girman reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da alkiblar abubuwan da ke cikin tef.

7.2 Lambar Bangare da Lambar Oda

Lambar asali shine 67-11-C70202H-AM. Bayanin oda na iya haɗawa da zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙayyade kwandon daban-daban don karfin haske ko ma'auni na launi, yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar daidaitaccen matakin aikin da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu.

8. Shawarwarin Zane na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Kewaye na Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Don daidaitaccen fitar da haske, tuka LED tare da tushen kwarara akai-akai, ba ƙarfin lantarki akai-akai ba. Ana iya amfani da mai juriya na jerin abubuwa mai sauƙi tare da wadata mai ƙarfin lantarki mai tsayi, amma dole ne a ƙididdige ƙimarsa bisa ƙarfin wadata, ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED (ta amfani da matsakaicin V_Fdon mafi munin lissafin kwarara), da kwararar da ake so (misali, 20mA). Don aikace-aikacen mota, yi la'akari da murƙushe ƙarfin lantarki na wucin gadi da kariya ta polarity ta baya akan shigarwa.

8.2 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Sarrafa Zafi

Don kiyaye aiki da tsawon rai, sarrafa zafi a gindin gishiri. Yi amfani da ƙimar juriya na zafi (R_{th JS real}= 130 K/W matsakaici) don ƙididdige hauhawar zafin haɗin gwiwa: ΔT_J= P_D* R_{th JS}, inda P_D= V_F* I_F. Tabbatar da ƙididdigar T_Jya kasance ƙasa da 125°C. Isasshen zubar da tagulla akan PCB a ƙasa da kewaye da gindin LED yana aiki azaman mai sanyaya zafi.

8.3 Abubuwan da ake la'akari da Zane na Gani

Kwanar kallo na 120° shine cikakken faɗi a rabin matsakaici (FWHM). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙunƙuntawa, ƙila ana buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau). Matsakaicin ma'auni na CIE (0.3, 0.3) ya yi daidai da farin batu mai sanyi. Idan an yi amfani da LED da yawa a cikin jeri, zaɓi sassa daga kwandon launi iri ɗaya ko kusa don guje wa rashin daidaiton launi da ake iya gani.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED ɗin PLCC-2 na gama gari mara mota, mahimman bambance-bambancen wannan na'urar shine ingancin AEC-Q102, ƙarfin sulfur, da garantin aiki akan faɗaɗɗen kewayon zafin mota (-40°C zuwa +110°C). Matsakaicin karfin haske na 2240mcd yana da gasa don girman kunshinsa da kwararar tuƙi. Cikakken tsarin rarraba yana ba da damar ƙarin sarrafa aikin matakin tsarin.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

10.1 Menene kwararar tuƙi da aka ba da shawarar?

Daidaitaccen gwaji da yanayin aiki na yau da kullun shine 20mA. Matsakaicin ci gaba da kwarara shine 80mA, amma aiki sama da 20mA zai ƙara zafin haɗin gwiwa kuma yana iya rage ingancin haske da dogon lokaci na dogaro. Koyaushe koma ga lanƙwan ragewa lokacin aiki a manyan yanayin yanayi.

10.2 Ta yaya zan fassara lambar kwandon karfin haske?

Lambar kwandon (misali, BA) tana ayyana mafi ƙarancin da matsakaicin kewayon karfin haske. Lokacin yin oda, zaku iya ƙayyade lambar kwandon don tabbatar da karɓar LED ɗin tare da ƙarfi a cikin wannan takamaiman kewayon, wanda ke da mahimmanci don cimma daidaiton haske a cikin zanen LED da yawa.

10.3 Shin ana iya amfani da wannan LED don dimming PWM?

Ee, ana iya rage hasken LED ta amfani da Modulation Faɗin Bugun Jini (PWM). Yakamata a duba jadawalin Ƙarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini da aka yarda don tabbatar da matsakaicin kwararar da aikin aiki na siginar PWM bai wuce ƙayyadaddun iyakoki ba. Mitocin PWM yakamata ya zama mai girma sosai don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani (yawanci >200Hz).

11. Nazarin Shari'ar Zane na Aiki

Yi la'akari da zanen hasken baya don panel iko na yanayi na mota ta amfani da 10 daga cikin waɗannan LED ɗin. Manufar zane ita ce daidaitaccen haske a yanayin yanayi har zuwa 85°C. Mataki na 1: Zaɓi LED ɗin daga kwandon karfin haske iri ɗaya (misali, BA) da kwandon launi don tabbatar da daidaito. Mataki na 2: Zana kewaye na direba mai kwarara akai-akai wanda ke ba da 20mA kowace LED. Mataki na 3: Yi nazarin zafi: A 20mA da matsakaicin V_Fna 3.1V, wutar lantarki kowace LED shine 62mW. Tare da R_{th JS real}na 130 K/W, hauhawar zafi daga gindin gishiri zuwa haɗin gwiwa shine ~8°C. Idan ƙirar PCB ta kiyaye gindin gishiri a 90°C (5°C sama da matsakaicin yanayi), zafin haɗin gwiwa zai zama ~98°C, wanda ke cikin iyakar 125°C. Mataki na 4: Tsara PCB tare da isasshen tagulla don yada zafi kuma bi shawarar tsarin gindin da aka ba da shawarar don ingantaccen gishiri.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED ne mai sanyi wanda aka canza phosphor. Cibiyar guntuwar semiconductor tana fitar da hasken shuɗi lokacin da aka yi wa bias gaba (electroluminescence). Wannan hasken shuɗi yana motsa murfin phosphor rawaya (ko rawaya da ja) akan ko kusa da guntu. Haɗin sauran hasken shuɗi da faɗaɗɗen hasken rawaya daga phosphor suna haɗuwa don samar da fahimtar hasken fari. Takamaiman rabo na shuɗi zuwa hasken da aka canza phosphor yana ƙayyade daidaitaccen zafin launi (CCT), yana haifar da kamannin \"fari mai sanyi\" a wannan yanayin.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin hasken LED na mota yana zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (lumens da yawa kowace watt), ingantaccen ma'auni na nuna launi (CRI) don kyakkyawan sha'awar gani, da ingantaccen dogaro a manyan yanayin zafin haɗin gwiwa. Haɗa lantarki na direba da guntuwar LED da yawa a cikin kunshi ɗaya kuma ya zama gama gari don ingantattun sassan haske. Bugu da ƙari, akwai mayar da hankali kan haɓaka LED ɗin tare da ƙarin juriya ga abubuwan muhalli masu tsanani kamar sulfur, danshi, da zagayowar zafi don saduwa da buƙatun motoci na gaba.