Takardun Bayani na PLCC-2 LED Mai Launin Kankara - Girman 3.2x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 3.1V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 0.031W - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takardar ta bayyana cikakkun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na fasaha don babban LED mai launin kankara, mai haɗawa da surface-mount, a cikin marufi na PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). An tsara shi da farko don aikace-aikacen cikin motoci, wannan kayan yana ba da ma'auni na haske, aminci, da ƙirar ƙira. Manyan fasalolinsa sun haɗa da matsakaicin ƙarfin haske na millicandelas 355 (mcd) a gaba da halin yanzu na 10mA, faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120, da bin ƙa'idodin motoci da muhalli kamar AEC-Q101, RoHS, da REACH.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar Da Ake Nufi

Manyan fa'idodin wannan LED sune amincinsa a ƙarƙashin yanayin aikin motoci (-40°C zuwa +110°C), juriyarsa ga zubar da lantarki (ESD mai darajar 8kV HBM), da matakin hankali na danshi (MSL 2), wanda ya dace da tsarin haɗawa na surface-mount na al'ada. Kasuwar da ake nufi tana cikin sashin lantarki na motoci, tare da aikace-aikacen al'ada da suka haɗa da hasken yanayi na ciki, hasken baya don maɓalli da gungu na kayan aiki, da alamomin matsayi. Launin Kankara, tare da matsakaicin madaidaicin CIE na (0.18, 0.23), yana ba da sa hannun gani na zamani da keɓancewa.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'aunin Fasaha

.1 Photometric and Electrical Characteristics

Ma'auni na asali na aiki suna bayyana iyakar aikin LED. Gaba da halin yanzu (I_F) yana da kewayon aiki da aka ba da shawarar na 2mA zuwa 20mA, tare da 10mA a matsayin yanayin gwaji na al'ada. A wannan halin yanzu, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) shine 3.1V, tare da matsakaicin 3.75V. Ƙarfin haske (I_V) an ƙayyade shi da mafi ƙarancin 140 mcd, na al'ada na 355 mcd, da matsakaicin 560 mcd a I_F=10mA. Yana da mahimmanci a lura da ƙimar ma'auni: ƙarfin haske (±8%) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (±0.05V). Kusurwar kallo, wanda aka ayyana shi azaman kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwa, shine digiri 120 tare da ƙimar ±5°.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaici da Gudanar da Zafi

Wucewa da Matsakaicin Matsakaici na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin. Matsakaicin ci gaba da halin yanzu na gaba shine 20mA, tare da matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki na 75mW. Na'urar na iya jure ƙarfin halin yanzu na ɗan gajeren lokaci na 300mA don bugun jini ≤10μs. Yanayin zafi na haɗuwa (T_J) bai kamata ya wuce 125°C ba. Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci; juriya na zafi daga haɗuwa zuwa wurin solder (R_thJS) shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci. Takardun bayani ya ƙayyade ƙimomi biyu: daidaitaccen lantarki R_thJS(el)na 95 K/W da na ainihi R_thJS(real)na 120 K/W. Daidaitaccen shimfidar PCB da nutsewar zafi suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye yanayin zafi na haɗuwa a cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman lokacin aiki kusa da matsakaicin halin yanzu.

3. Bincike na Lanƙwan Aiki

3.1 Lanƙwan IV da Ingantaccen Haske

Jadawalin Gaba da Halin Yanzu da Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki yana nuna alaƙar halayen ƙima. Ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa ba tare da layi ba tare da halin yanzu, yana farawa a kusan 2.8V a ƙananan halin yanzu kuma ya kai kusan 3.3V a 20mA. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Haske na Dangantaka da Gaba da Halin Yanzu yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana kusan layi tare da halin yanzu har zuwa matsakaicin wurin aiki, amma inganci na iya raguwa a manyan halin yanzu saboda ƙaruwar tasirin zafi.

3.2 Dogaro da Yanayin Zafi

Aikin LED yana shafar yanayin zafi sosai. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Haske na Dangantaka da Yanayin Zafi na Haɗuwa yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana raguwa yayin da zafi ke ƙaruwa. A matsakaicin yanayin zafi na haɗuwa na 125°C, ƙarfin dangantaka shine kusan 40% na ƙimarsa a 25°C. Akasin haka, Jadawalin Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba na Dangantaka da Yanayin Zafi na Haɗuwa yana nuna ƙimar zafi mara kyau; ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana raguwa da kusan 0.2V yayin da zafi ya tashi daga 25°C zuwa 125°C. Jadawalin Canjin Madaidaicin Launi yana nuna ƙaramin canji tare da halin yanzu amma canji mai mahimmanci zuwa kore (ƙaruwa a cikin CIE-y) tare da ƙaruwar zafi.

3.3 Rarraba Haske da Tsarin Watsawa

Jadawalin Rarraba Haske na Dangantaka yana tabbatar da launin Kankara, tare da mafi yawan tsawon zango na al'ada a kusa da 470-490nm. Jadawalin tsarin watsawa yana kama da Lambertian, halayen LED mai kallo sama tare da ruwan tabarau mai yaduwa, yana ba da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

4. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara.

4.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske ta amfani da lambar haruffa (misali L1, M2, T1). Kwandon shara yana bin ci gaba na logarithmic, inda kowane mataki ke wakiltar kusan ƙaruwar 25% a cikin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi. Don wannan samfurin, an haskaka kwandon shara mai yuwuwa, tare da ɓangaren al'ada (355 mcd) ya faɗi cikin kwandon shara T1 (280-355 mcd) ko kwandon shara T2 (355-450 mcd). Masu zane dole ne su yi la'akari da wannan kewayon lokacin ƙirar don mafi ƙarancin buƙatun haske.

4.2 Rarrabuwar Launi

An ayyana launin Kankara a cikin takamammen yanki akan jadawalin launi na CIE 1931. Takardun bayani yana ba da cikakken tsarin kwandon shara tare da lambobi kamar CM0, CM1, CL3, da sauransu, kowanne yana bayyana ƙaramin yanki na murabba'i na ƙayyadaddun madaidaicin (x, y). Madaidaicin madaidaicin (0.18, 0.23) yana cikin wannan tsarin. Ƙimar ƙima don madaidaicin launi shine ±0.005, yana tabbatar da sarrafa launi mai ƙarfi.

5. Bayanin Injina da Marufi

5.1 Girman Jiki

LED yana zuwa a cikin daidaitaccen marufi na surface-mount na PLCC-2. Zanen injina ya ƙayyade gabaɗayan girma, tazarar jagora, da lissafin ruwan tabarau. Mahimman girma sun haɗa da ƙafar marufi da tsayi, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don shimfidar PCB da binciken sharewa a cikin haɗuwa na ƙarshe.

5.2 Ƙirar Ƙafar Solder da aka Shawarta da Polarity

An ba da shimfidar ƙafar solder da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na injina. Ƙirar ƙafar tana la'akari da faɗaɗawar zafi na kayan da samuwar fillet ɗin solder. An yiwa alama polarity a bayyane akan na'urar da kanta, yawanci tare da alamar cathode (kamar tsaga ko alama kore a gefen cathode). Ƙafar PCB ya kamata ya haɗa da alamar polarity da ta dace.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ƙididdige kayan don solder reflow tare da matsakaicin zafi na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 30. Ya kamata a bi matsakaicin bayanin reflow na al'ada, tare da sarrafa preheat, jiƙa, reflow, da matakan sanyaya don rage girgizar zafi da tabbatar da ingantaccen haɗin solder. Matakin Hankali na Danshi (MSL) shine 2, ma'ana dole ne a yi amfani da kayan a cikin shekara guda na rufewa masana'anta idan an adana su a ≤30°C/60% RH, ko kuma dole ne a gasa su kafin amfani da su idan an buɗe marufi ko ya wuce rayuwar bene.

6.2 Abubuwan da Aka Yi Kafin Amfani

Manyan abubuwan da aka yi kafin amfani sun haɗa da: guje wa amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya, saboda ba a tsara na'urar don haka ba; amfani da masu hana halin yanzu a jere tare da LED don hana wuce gona da iri; tabbatar da cewa ba a wuce matsakaicin yanayin zafi na haɗuwa ba ta hanyar la'akari da yanayin yanayi da juriya na zafi; da bin daidaitaccen tsarin sarrafa ESD yayin haɗawa saboda hankali na 8kV HBM.

7. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan da Aka Yi la'akari da su a Zane

7.1 Da'irar Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

A cikin aikace-aikacen al'ada, ana tuka LED ta hanyar tushen halin yanzu na akai-akai ko, mafi yawanci, tushen ƙarfin lantarki tare da resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu a jere. Ana ƙididdige ƙimar resistor ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Amfani da na al'ada V_Fna 3.1V da wanda ake so I_Fna 10mA tare da samar da 5V, resistor zai kasance (5V - 3.1V) / 0.01A = 190Ω. Daidaitaccen resistor na 200Ω zai dace. Don PWM dimming, tabbatar da cewa mitar ya isa (yawanci >100Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani.

7.2 Zane don Yanayin Motoci

Don cikin motoci, yi la'akari da faɗin kewayon yanayin aiki. Lanƙwan raguwar halin yanzu na gaba yana da mahimmanci: yayin da zafin ƙafar solder ya ƙaru, matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba da aiki yana raguwa. Misali, a matsakaicin zafin ƙafar solder na 110°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu shine 20mA. Masu zane yakamata su yi aiki a ƙarƙashin wannan lanƙwan don haɓaka aminci. Haka nan, yi la'akari da yuwuwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin tsarin lantarki na motar kuma aiwatar da da'irar kariya da ta dace idan ya cancanta.

8. Kwatancen Fasaha da Tambayoyin da Ake Yi akai-akai

8.1 Bambanci da Samfuran Da Suka Kama

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na PLCC-2 na gabaɗaya, manyan abubuwan da suka bambanta na wannan samfurin sune cancantar AEC-Q101 don amfani da motoci, takamaiman rarrabuwar launi na Kankara, da cikakken halayensa akan zafi da halin yanzu. Ƙimar ESD na 8kV da matakin MSL 2 kuma suna nuna ƙarfi wanda ya dace da yanayin masana'antu mai aminci, mai aminci.

8.2 Tambayoyin da Ake Yi akai-akai

Q: Zan iya tuka wannan LED a 20mA akai-akai?

A: I, amma kawai idan an kiyaye zafin ƙafar solder (T_S) a ko ƙasa da 25°C, kamar yadda lanƙwan raguwa ya nuna. A mafi yawan aikace-aikacen aiki tare da haɓakar yanayin yanayi, yakamata ku rage darajar halin yanzu. Don aiki mai aminci na dogon lokaci, zane don I_F= 10mA ko ƙasa ana ba da shawarar.



Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin R_thJS(el)da R_thJS(real)?

A: R_thJS(el)an samo shi daga ma'aunin lantarki (canjin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba tare da wutar lantarki), yayin da R_thJS(real)ana auna shi kai tsaye ta amfani da na'urar firikwensin zafi. Don ingantaccen samfurin zafi, musamman a manyan halin yanzu, R_thJS(real)ƙimar 120 K/W yakamata a yi amfani da ita.



Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambobin kwandon shara lokacin yin oda?

A: Lambar ɓangaren ta haɗa da lambobi don ƙarfi da kwandon shara na launi. Dole ne ku ƙayyade kwandon shara da ake buƙata bisa ga buƙatun haske da daidaiton launi na aikace-aikacenku. Idan ba a ƙayyade ba, masana'anta za su samar da sassa daga kwandon shara na al'ada.

9. Nazarin Aikin Zane na Aiki

Yi la'akari da ƙirar hasken baya na nuna gear na motoci ta amfani da wannan LED. Bukatar ita ce don daidaitaccen hasken Kankara a cikin alamomi huɗu. Matakan ƙira za su haɗa da: 1) Ƙayyade ƙarfin haske da ake buƙata kowane LED bisa ga ingancin jagorar haske da hasken panel da ake so, mai yiwuwa zaɓar LED daga takamaiman kwandon shara na ƙarfi (misali T1 ko T2). 2) Ƙirar da'irar direba mai halin yanzu na akai-akai wanda zai iya aiki daga tsarin 12V na motar, yana rama ga ƙarfin lantarki na lodi. 3) Ƙirar shimfidar PCB tare da ƙafafun solder da aka ba da shawarar, tabbatar da isasshen taimakon zafi da faɗin alama don halin yanzu na tuƙi. 4) Aiwatar da PWM dimming wanda CAN bas ɗin motar ke sarrafa shi don daidaita haske bisa yanayin hasken yanayi. 5) Tabbatar da daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙayyade ƙunƙun kwandon shara na launi (misali CM2/CL4) don duk LED a cikin haɗuwa.