Bayanin Fasaha na LED Mai Launin Raɗaɗi na PLCC-2 - Kunshin 2.0x1.25x0.8mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 2.0V - Ikon 40mW

1. Bayanin Samfurin Gabaɗaya

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da LED mai launin raɗaɗi mai ƙarfi, wanda ake haɗawa a saman allon ta amfani da kunshin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). An tsara shi musamman don masana'antar motoci, wannan ɓangaren yana ba da aiki mai dogaro a cikin yanayi masu ƙarfi. Matsayinsa na musamman shine a cikin tsarin hasken cikin mota, gami da na'urori masu auna ma'auni da hasken ɗakin gabaɗaya, inda daidaitaccen launi da dogon lokacin aiki suka fi muhimmanci.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da ƙaramin girmansa, ƙarfin haske mai girma dangane da girman kunshinsa, da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 wanda ke tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani. An gina shi don cika ƙa'idodin matakan motoci masu tsauri, gami da ingancin AEC-Q102 don na'urorin haske da keɓaɓɓu da buƙatun ƙarfin jure lalata. Bugu da ƙari, yana bin manyan ƙa'idodin muhalli kamar RoHS, REACH, da ƙa'idodin rashin sinadarin halogen, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirar zamani mai kula da muhalli.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hasken Lantarki da Na'ura

Babban siffar haske shine ƙarfin haske, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na millicandelas 900 (mcd) lokacin da ake tafiyar da shi a cikin halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20mA. An ƙayyade kewayon daga mafi ƙarancin mcd 560 zuwa mafi girma mcd 1400, wanda ke nuna yuwuwar bambanci tsakanin rukunin samarwa, wanda ake sarrafa shi ta hanyar tsarin rarrabawa da aka bayyana daga baya. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye, wanda ke ayyana launin raɗaɗi da ake gani, yawanci nanometa 592 (nm), tare da kewayon daga nm 585 zuwa nm 594. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 (tare da jurewar ±5°) yana ba da tsarin fitarwa mai faɗi wanda ya dace da hasken baya da aikace-aikacen nuna alama.

A fannin lantarki, na'urar tana nuna ƙimar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba (V_F) na volts 2.0 a 20mA, wanda ya bambanta daga 1.75V zuwa 2.75V. Matsakaicin madaidaicin halin yanzu na gaba shine 50 mA. Juriya na zafi, ma'auni mai mahimmanci don sarrafa zubar da zafi, an ƙayyade shi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin gyaɗa. An ba da ƙimomi biyu: juriya na zafi na "gaskiya" (R_{th JS gaskiya}) na 160 K/W da juriya na zafi na "lantarki" (R_{th JS el}) na 125 K/W. Hanyar lantarki yawanci ana samun ta ne daga canjin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba kuma ana amfani da ita don ƙididdiga a wurin, yayin da ƙimar gaskiya ta fi wakiltar hanyar zafi ta ainihi.

2.2 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙimar da Iyakokin Zafi

Bin Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙimar yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rayuwar na'urar. Matsakaicin ƙarfin ɓarna shine 137 mW. Zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_J) bai kamata ya wuce 125°C ba. An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki da adana cikin kewayon zafin jiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewarta don yanayin mota. Zai iya jure halin yanzu na guguwa (I_FM) na 100 mA don ƙananan bugun jini (≤10 μs) a ƙaramin ma'auni. Hatsarin zubar da wutar lantarki (ESD) shine 2 kV (Samfurin Jikin Mutum), wanda shine matakin daidaitaccen matakin da ke buƙatar matakan kulawa na asali. Yanayin zafin gyaɗa yana ba da damar sake gyaɗa tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 30.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabawa

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunin aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar ɓangarorin da suka cika takamaiman ƙofofi don ma'auni masu mahimmanci.

3.1 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Hasken

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske ta amfani da tsarin lambobi haruffa wanda ya fara daga L1 (11.2-14 mcd) har zuwa GA (18000-22400 mcd). Ga wannan takamaiman lambar sashi (65-21-UY0200H-AM), an haskaka rukunin fitarwa masu yuwuwa a cikin takardar bayanai kuma suna tsakiya a kusa da rukunin V1 (710-900 mcd) da V2 (900-1120 mcd), suna daidaitawa da takamaiman ƙimar mcd 900. Ana amfani da jurewar ma'auni na ±8%.

3.2 Rarrabawar Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye

Tsawon zango mai rinjaye, wanda ke ƙayyade launin raɗaɗi, shima ana rarraba shi. An ayyana rukunin ta lambobi uku waɗanda ke wakiltar mafi ƙarancin tsawon zango a cikin nanometa. Ga wannan LED mai launin raɗaɗi, rukunin da suka dace suna cikin kewayon nm 585-600, musamman suna rufe lambobi kamar 8588 (585-588 nm), 8891 (588-591 nm), 9194 (591-594 nm), da 9497 (594-597 nm). Ƙimar yau da kullun na nm 592 ta faɗi cikin rukunin 9194. An ƙayyade ƙaramin jurewar ±1 nm.

3.3 Rarrabawar Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba

An rarraba ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba zuwa rukuni uku: 1012 (1.00-1.25V), 1215 (1.25-1.50V), da 1517 (1.50-1.75V). Ƙimar V_Fna yau da kullun na 2.0V na wannan na'urar ya fi girma sosai fiye da matsakaicin waɗannan rukunin, yana nuna cewa ga wannan takamaiman samfurin, teburin rarrabawar ƙarfin lantarki na iya wakiltar daidaitaccen grid ɗin kamfani, kuma ainihin halayen V_Fan ayyana su ta hanyar ƙananan/na yau da kullun/matsakaicin ƙimomi a cikin teburin halaye.

4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanai tana ba da jadawali da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Lanƙwasa I-V tana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta yau da kullun na diode. Yayin da halin yanzu na gaba ya karu daga 0 zuwa 60 mA, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba yana tashi daga kusan 1.75V zuwa 2.2V. Wannan lanƙwasa tana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu don tabbatar da aiki mai ƙarfi.

4.2 Halayen Gani da Halin Yanzu da Zafi

JadawalinƘarfin Hasken Dangantaka da Halin Yanzu na Gabaya nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi tare da halin yanzu kafin ya karkata zuwa cika a manyan halayen yanzu, yana mai da hankali kan mahimmancin yin aiki a cikin kewayon da aka ba da shawarar don inganci. JadawalinƘarfin Hasken Dangantaka da Zafin Haɗin gwiwaya nuna kashe zafi: yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi daga -40°C zuwa 140°C, fitarwar haske yana raguwa sosai, yana faɗuwa zuwa kusan kashi 60% na ƙimar 25°C a 125°C. Wannan yana jaddada buƙatar ingantaccen sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikacen.

JadawalinTsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye da Halin Yanzu na Gabaya nuna raguwa kaɗan a cikin tsawon zango ("canjin shuɗi") yayin da halin yanzu ya karu, yayin da jadawalinCanjin Tsawon Zango Dangantaka da Zafin Haɗin gwiwaya nuna bayyanannen "canjin ja" (ƙaruwa a cikin tsawon zango) yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Waɗannan canje-canje suna da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi.

4.3 Rage Ƙimar da Sarrafa Bugun Jini

LanƙwasaRage Halin Yanzu na Gabayana da mahimmanci don dogaro. Yana nuna matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda a matsayin aikin zafin fakitin gyaɗa. Misali, a zafin fakitin 110°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu shine 35 mA kawai, ya ragu daga 50 mA a ƙananan yanayin zafi. JadawalinƘarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini da Aka Yardàya ayyana matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini da aka yarda don faɗin bugun jini daban-daban da ma'auni, masu amfani don aikace-aikacen haɗawa ko ƙyalli.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

LED yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin haɗawa a saman PLCC-2. Zanen injiniya zai nuna girman jikin kunshin kusan 2.0mm tsawon, 1.25mm faɗi, da 0.8mm tsayi (waɗannan su ne girma na kowa na PLCC-2; cikakkun ƙimomi ya kamata a ɗauke su daga sashin "Girman Injiniya"). Na'urar tana da tashoshi biyu. Ana nuna polarity ta alama akan kunshin, yawanci tsaga ko kusurwar da aka yanka a gefen cathode. An ba da shimfidar fakitin gyaɗa da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da haɗin gyaɗa mai dogaro da haɗin zafi mai kyau zuwa PCB.

6. Jagororin Gyaɗa da Haɗawa

Bangaren ya dace da hanyoyin sake gyaɗa da aka saba da su a cikin haɗawa a saman. An ba da shawarar takamaiman bayanin martaba na sake gyaɗa, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba na dakika 30. Dole ne a bi wannan bayanin martaba don hana lalata kunshin filastik ko na ciki da haɗin waya. Gabaɗayan matakan kariya sun haɗa da guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan kunshin, amfani da ingantattun sarrafa ESD yayin kulawa, da tabbatar da PCB da man gyaɗa suna tsabta don hana lalata ko lalacewa da gubar sulfur, wanda aka ambaci ka'idojin gwaji daban-daban.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

Ana ba da LED a cikin kunshin tef da reel wanda ya dace da injunan ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik. Sashen bayanin kunshi yana cikakken bayyana girman reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da kusurwar ɓangarorin a cikin tef ɗin. Lambar sashi 65-21-UY0200H-AM tana bin takamaiman tsarin lambobi wanda wataƙila yana nuna nau'in kunshi, launi, rukunin haske, rukunin tsawon zango, da sauran halaye. Bayanin oda zai ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin adadin oda, nau'in kunshi (misali, girman reel), da yuwuwar zaɓuɓɓuka don takamaiman haɗin rukunin.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen shine hasken cikin mota. Wannan ya haɗa da hasken baya don rukunin kayan aikin, alamun gargaɗi, maɓallan tsarin nishaɗi, da hasken yanayi na ɗaki gabaɗaya. Ingancinsa na AEC-Q102 da faɗin kewayon zafin jiki sun sa ya dace kai tsaye ga waɗannan yanayi masu tsauri.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ake Yi la'akari da Ƙira

Tukin Halin Yanzu:Ana ba da shawarar tukin halin yanzu mai ƙarfi fiye da tushen ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi tare da resistor na jerin don mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali da tsawon rai, musamman la'akari da bambancin V_Fda dogaro da zafin jiki. Ya kamata a zaɓi halin yanzu na aiki bisa ga hasken da ake buƙata da rage ƙimar zafi. 20mA shine yanayin gwaji na yau da kullun.

Sarrafa Zafi:Juriya na zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin gyaɗa yana da mahimmanci. Don kiyaye aiki da dogaro, shimfidar PCB dole ne ya ba da fakitin zafi wanda ya dace wanda aka haɗa zuwa zubar da tagulla ko jirage don zubar da zafi. Kiyaye zafin fakitin gyaɗa ƙasa shine mabuɗin don haɓaka fitarwar haske da tsawon rai.

Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 ta dace da hasken yanki mai faɗi. Don ƙarin haske mai da hankali, ƙila ana buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau). Ya kamata a yi la'akari da ɗan canjin tsawon zango tare da halin yanzu da zafin jiki idan daidaiton launi yana da mahimmanci a cikin yanayi daban-daban na aiki.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da LED na kasuwanci na gabaɗaya, masu bambanta na wannan na'urar sune cancantarta na matakin motoci (AEC-Q102, ƙarfin jure lalata) da faɗin kewayon zafin jiki. A cikin kasuwar LED na mota, haɗinsa na kunshin PLCC-2 (wanda ke ba da daidaitaccen ma'auni na girma da aikin zafi), babban haske na yau da kullun (900mcd), da takamaiman manufar tsawon zango mai launin raɗaɗi suna nufa ga matsayin nuna alama da hasken baya na ciki. Cikakken tsarin rarrabawa yana ba da damar daidaita launi da haske a matakin tsarin fiye da ɓangarorin da ba a rarraba su ba.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Tambaya: Shin zan iya tuka wannan LED a 50 mA a ci gaba?

A: Kuna iya, amma kawai idan an kiyaye zafin fakitin gyaɗa isasshen ƙasa, kamar yadda lanƙwasa rage ƙimar ta ayyana. A manyan yanayin zafi, an rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba da aka yarda sosai. Yin aiki a 20mA shine na yau da kullun don daidaita haske da inganci.

Tambaya: Me yasa fitarwar haske ke raguwa a babban zafin jiki?

A: Wannan shine ainihin al'amarin kimiyyar lantarki da ake kira "kashe zafi." Ƙara girgizar lattice a manyan yanayin zafi yana haɓaka sake haɗuwar rami na lantarki mara haske, yana rage ingancin samar da haske.

Tambaya: Ta yaya zan fassara ƙimar juriya na zafi daban-daban guda biyu?

A: Juriya na zafi na "gaskiya" (160 K/W) mai yiwuwa an auna shi ta amfani da na'urar auna zafin jiki ta zahiri. Ƙimar "lantarki" (125 K/W) an ƙididdige ta ta amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba mai mahimmanci na zafi a matsayin wakili na zafin haɗin gwiwa. Don dalilai na ƙira, amfani da mafi girma (mafi ra'ayin mazan jiya) ƙimar ya fi aminci don ƙididdige hawan zafi.

Tambaya: Shin resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu ya isa don tuka wannan LED?

A: Don sauƙaƙan aikace-aikacen da ba su da mahimmanci tare da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, ana iya amfani da resistor na jerin. Ƙimar an ƙididdige ta kamar R = (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Duk da haka, saboda bambancin V_Fda dogaronta na zafin jiki, halin yanzu ba zai kasance cikakken kwanciyar hankali ba. Don aikace-aikacen mota inda dogaro ke da mahimmanci, an fi son takamaiman tukin halin yanzu mai ƙarfi IC ko da'ira.

11. Ƙirar Aiki da Misalin Amfani

Hali: Alamar Gargaɗi na Rukunin Kayan Aiki

Mai ƙira yana ƙirƙirar hasken gargaɗi don alamar duba injin. Dole ne hasken ya kasance a bayyane a cikin duk yanayin hasken yanayi, ya cika ƙa'idodin dogaro na mota, kuma yana da daidaitaccen launin raɗaɗi. An zaɓi wannan PLCC-2 LED mai launin raɗaɗi. Ƙirar tana amfani da tukin halin yanzu mai ƙarfi da aka saita zuwa 18mA don samar da isasshen haske yayin da yake kasancewa ƙasa da wurin yau da kullun na 20mA don mafi kyawun tsawon rai. Shimfidar PCB ta haɗa da fakitin zafi mai karimci wanda aka haɗa zuwa filin ƙasa na ciki don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa ƙasa. Mai ƙira ya ƙayyade LED daga rukunin tsawon zango na 9194 da rukunin ƙarfin V1/V2 don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin duk raka'a a cikin layin samarwa.

12. Gabatar da Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan LED tushen haske ne na semiconductor. Tsakiyarsa ita ce guntu da aka yi da kayan semiconductor na haɗaɗɗiya (yawanci bisa Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide - AlGaInP don hasken raɗaɗi). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gaba, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki na guntu inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wani ɓangare na wannan makamashin sake haɗuwa ana fitar da shi ta hanyar photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke ciki na yadudduka na semiconductor yana ƙayyade tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar. Kunshin PLCC-2 yana haɗa wannan guntu, yana ba da haɗin lantarki ta hanyar firam ɗin jagora, kuma ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau na filastik da aka ƙera wanda ke siffanta fitarwar haske don cimma kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Gabaɗayan yanayin a cikin LED na hasken mota yana zuwa ga mafi inganci (ƙarin lumens kowace watt), wanda ke rage amfani da wutar lantarki da kayan aikin zafi. Hakanan akwai tuƙi don ƙananan ƙira, yana ba da damar ƙira mai sirara da sassauƙa don allunan ciki. Bugu da ƙari, haɗa fasali na wayo, kamar na'urorin IC da aka saka don bincike ko adireshi, yana zama gama gari. Musamman ga hasken ciki, akwai ƙarin sha'awar LED masu daidaitawa farare da launuka da yawa don tsarin hasken yanayi waɗanda zasu iya canza launi don dacewa da yanayin direba ko aiki. Duk da yake wannan takamaiman ɓangaren LED ne mai launin raɗaɗi guda ɗaya, ainihin kunshi da hanyoyin cancanta sune tushe ga waɗannan na'urori masu ci gaba.