Takardar Bayani na PLCC-4 LED Mai Haske Raɗa - Kunshin 3.5x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.2V - Ƙarfin Haske 2300mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta cika bayani game da ƙayyadaddun babban LED mai haske raɗa da aka haɗa a cikin kunshin PLCC-4 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). An tsara na'urar da farko don aikace-aikacen hasken mota masu ƙarfi, na ciki da na waje. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da babban ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na 2300 millicandelas (mcd) a daidaitaccen ƙarfin kwarara na 50mA, faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 don kyakkyawan watsa haske, da ƙaƙƙarfan gini wanda ya dace da ƙa'idodin amincin matakin mota.

LED ɗin ya cancanci ƙa'idar AEC-Q102, wanda ke tabbatar da dacewarsa ga mawuyacin yanayin muhalli na yau da kullun a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mota. Haka nan yana nuna ƙarfin sulfur (Aji A1), yana mai da shi mai jurewa lalata a cikin yanayi mai ɗauke da sinadarai na sulfur. Samfurin ya bi ƙa'idodin muhalli masu mahimmanci, ciki har da RoHS, EU REACH, kuma ana yin shi ba tare da halogen ba.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haske da Lantarki

An ayyana ma'auni masu mahimmanci na aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na ƙarfin kwarara na gaba (I_F) na 50mA. Ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun (I_V) shine 2300 mcd, tare da ƙayyadaddun mafi ƙanƙanta na 1800 mcd da matsakaicin 4500 mcd. Babban tsawon zango (λ_d) yana tsakiya a 591 nm (raɗa), tare da kewayon daga 585 nm zuwa 594 nm, yana ayyana madaidaicin wurin launinsa. Ƙarfin wutar gaba (V_F) yawanci yana faɗuwa 2.20V a cikin na'urar a 50mA, tare da iyakoki tsakanin 2.00V da 2.75V. Faɗin kusurwar kallo (φ) na digiri 120 (±5° sassauci) siga ce mai mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar faɗin haskakawa maimakon hasken da aka mai da hankali.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaici

Waɗannan ƙididdiga sun ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin kwarara na gaba shine 70 mA. Na'urar na iya ɗaukar ƙarfin kwarara mai ƙarfi (I_FM) na 100 mA don bugun jini ≤10 μs a ƙaramin ma'auni (D=0.005). Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (P_d) shine 192.5 mW. Zazzabi na haɗin gwiwa (T_JDon tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin kwandon aiki. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman ƙa'idodin mafi ƙanƙanta don aikace-aikacensu._opr) daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, yana tabbatar da juriyar zafin matakin mota. Ba a tsara na'urar don aikin koma baya ba.

2.3 Halayen Thermal

Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rai. Takardar bayani ta ƙayyade ƙimar juriya na zafi guda biyu daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder: ainihin juriya na zafi (R_{th JS real}) na 70 K/W (na yau da kullun) da juriya na zafi na lantarki (R_{th JS el}) na 50 K/W (na yau da kullun). Ƙananan ƙimar lantarki an samo shi daga ma'aunin zafin ƙarfin wutar gaba kuma ana amfani dashi don ƙididdigar zafin haɗin gwiwa a wurin. Ya zama dole daidaitaccen ƙirar zafi na PCB don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman a manyan ƙarfin tuƙi ko manyan yanayin yanayi.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

To ensure consistency in production, LEDs are sorted into performance bins. This allows designers to select parts that meet specific minimum criteria for their application.

3.1 Binning Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba LED ɗin cikin kwandon bisa ga mafi ƙanƙanta ƙarfin haske a lokacin ƙarfin kwarara na yau da kullun. Misali, kwandon 'BA' yana ba da garantin mafi ƙanƙanta ƙarfi na 1800 mcd, 'BB' yana ba da garantin 2240 mcd, kuma 'CA' yana ba da garantin 2800 mcd. An ba da ƙimar kwararar haske (a cikin lumens) don tunani.

3.2 Binning Babban Tsawon Zango

Ana sarrafa daidaiton launi ta hanyar kwandon tsawon zango. Kwandon '8588' ya ƙunshi LED ɗin tare da babban tsawon zango tsakanin 585 nm da 588 nm, '8891' ya ƙunshi 588-591 nm, kuma '9194' ya ƙunshi 591-594 nm. Wannan yana tabbatar da sarrafa ƙarfin fitar da launin raɗa a cikin kayan samarwa.

3.3 Binning Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba

An yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba don taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'ira, musamman don lissafin resistor mai iyakancewa da ƙirar wutar lantarki. Kwandon sun haɗa da '1720' (1.75-2.00V), '2022' (2.00-2.25V), '2225' (2.25-2.50V), da '2527' (2.50-2.75V).

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Jadawalin da aka bayar yana ba da haske mai zurfi game da halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Lanƙwasa IV da Ƙarfin Dangi

Jadawalin Ƙarfin Kwarara na Gaba da Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba yana nuna alaƙar ƙima ta yau da kullun na diode. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi da Ƙarfin Kwarara na Gaba yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙaramin layi tare da ƙarfin kwarara, yana mai da hankali kan mahimmancin kwarara mai ƙarfi don daidaitaccen haske.

4.2 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Jadawalin Ƙarfin Haske na Dangi da Zazzabin Haɗin Gwiwa yana nuna ma'aunin zafin jiki mara kyau; fitar da haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi. Jadawalin Babban Tsawon Zango da Zazzabin Haɗin Gwiwa yana nuna canji a cikin launi (yawanci zuwa tsayin zango) tare da ƙara zafin jiki. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba na Dangi da Zazzabin Haɗin Gwiwa yana nuna ma'aunin mara kyau, wanda shine ƙa'idar da aka yi amfani da ita don hanyar lantarki na auna zafin haɗin gwiwa.

4.3 Rarraba Spectral da Ragewa

Jadawalin Rarraba Spectral na Dangi yana tabbatar da fitar da launin raɗa guda ɗaya, yana kololuwa kusan 591 nm tare da ƙaramin fitarwa a wasu ƙungiyoyi. Lanƙwasa Rage Ƙarfin Kwarara na Gaba yana da mahimmanci don ƙira: yana ƙayyade matsakaicin ƙarfin kwarara na ci gaba da aka yarda bisa zafin kushin solder (T_S). Misali, a T_Sna 110°C, matsakaicin ci gaba da I_Fshine 57 mA. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Ƙarfafawa na Bugun Jini da aka yarda yana ayyana alaƙa tsakanin faɗin bugun jini, ma'auni, da ƙarfin bugun jini na kololuwa da aka yarda.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Injiniya

LED ɗin yana cikin daidaitaccen kunshin PLCC-4 na hawa saman. Matsakaicin girman kunshin ya kusan 3.5mm tsawon, 2.8mm faɗi, da 1.9mm tsayi (ciki har da dome). Takardar bayani ta haɗa da cikakken zanen girma wanda ke ƙayyade duk mahimman tsayi, faɗi, da sassauci don ƙirar sawun PCB.

5.2 Tsarin Kushin Solder da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da mafi kyawun aikin zafi. Wannan ya haɗa da girman, siffa, da tazara na kushin tagulla akan PCB don manyan manyan hanyoyi huɗu da kushin zafi na tsakiya (idan ya dace a cikin wannan bambance-bambancen kunshin). Bin wannan shawarar yana da mahimmanci don kwanciyar hankali na injiniya da ingantaccen canja wurin zafi daga haɗin gwiwar LED zuwa PCB.

5.3 Gano Polarity

Kunshin PLCC-4 yana da takamaiman alkibla. Zanen takardar bayani yana nuna fil ɗin cathode da anode. Yawanci, kunshin yana da kusurwa mai sassauci ko alama (kamar ɗigo) a saman don nuna fil ɗin 1 (sau da yawa cathode). Daidaitaccen alkibla yayin haɗawa ya zama dole don na'urar yin aiki.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder na Reflow

An ƙayyade cikakken bayanin zafin jiki na solder reflow don hana lalacewar zafi. Bayanin yana ayyana matakan dumama, jiƙa, sake kwarara, da sanyaya. Ma'auni mai mahimmanci shine zafin kololuwa, wanda bai kamata ya wuce 260°C ba, kuma lokacin sama da 260°C ya kamata a iyakance zuwa daƙiƙa 30 matsakaici. Wannan bayanin ya dace da daidaitattun manne solder marasa gubar (SAC).

6.2 Abubuwan Kariya don Amfani

Abubuwan kariya na gama gari sun haɗa da guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau na epoxy, kare na'urar daga zubar da wutar lantarki (ESD hankali shine 2kV HBM), da tabbatar da cewa yanayin aiki (ƙarfin kwarara, ƙarfin wutar lantarki, zafin jiki) koyaushe yana kasancewa cikin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici. Kada a sanya na'urar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baya.

6.3 Yanayin Ajiya

Kewayon zafin ajiya da aka ba da shawarar (T_stg) daga -40°C zuwa +110°C. Ya kamata a adana abubuwan a cikin busasshiyar muhalli, mai hana wutar lantarki a cikin jakunkun su na asali na shinge na danshi, musamman kamar yadda suke da Matakin Hankalin Danshi (MSL) na 2. Wannan yana buƙatar cewa a buɗe jakar kuma a yi amfani da sassa a cikin shekara guda na ranar rufe jakar, ko kuma dole ne a gasa su kafin sake kwarara don hana bushewa yayin solder.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Kunshin

Ana ba da LED ɗin akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa. Bayanin kunshin ya cika bayani game da girman reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da alkiblar abubuwan akan tef ɗin. Wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don saita kayan aikin haɗawa.

7.2 Decoding Lambar Sashe

Lambar sashe67-41-UY0501H-AMyana bin takamaiman tsari:

• 67-41: Sunan dangin samfur.
• UY: Lambar launi don Raɗa.
• 050: Matsakaicin gwajin gwaji a cikin mA (50mA).
• 1: Nau'in firam ɗin jagora (1=Zinariya).
• H: Matakin haske (H=Babba).
• AM: Yana nuna aikace-aikacen Mota.

Wannan ƙa'idar suna tana ba da damar ainihin ganewa na mahimman halayen na'urar.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen suna cikin hasken mota:

• Hasken Waje: Fitilun gudu na rana (DRLs), fitilun alamar gefe, fitilun tsakiyar tsayawa mai tsayi (CHMSL), da hasken ciki na akwati/ wurin kaya.
• Hasken Ciki: Hasken baya na dashboard, hasken canji, hasken ƙafar ƙafa, fitilun bangon ƙofa, da fitilun karatu.

Babban haskensa da faɗin kusurwar kallo sun sa ya dace da duka hasken aiki da hasken ƙwaƙƙwaran ado.

8.2 Abubuwan Tunani na Ƙira

Lokacin ƙira da wannan LED:

• Ƙarfin Kwarara: Koyaushe yi amfani da direba mai ƙarfi na yau da kullun ko resistor mai iyakancewa a jere tare da tushen wutar lantarki. Kada a haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen wutar lantarki.
• Gudanar da Thermal:
Ƙirƙiri PCB tare da isasshen yanki na tagulla (taimakon zafi) wanda aka haɗa zuwa kushin zafi/fil ɗin LED don watsa zafi. Yi amfani da lanƙwasa ragewa don ƙayyade ƙarfin kwarara na aminci a yanayin zafin yanayi da ake tsammani.
• Optics: Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 na iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, jagororin haske) idan ana buƙatar ƙarin haske mai mai da hankali.
• Kariyar ESD: Aiwatar da daidaitattun abubuwan kariya na ESD yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED na PLCC-4 na kasuwanci, babban bambance-bambancen wannan na'urar shine cancantarsa ta mota. Takaddun shaida na AEC-Q102 ya ƙunshi gwaji mai tsanani don rayuwar aiki mai zafi (HTOL), hawan keke na zafin jiki, juriya ga danshi, da sauran abubuwan damuwa, yana tabbatar da dogon lokacin aminci a cikin yanayin mota. Ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin sulfur (Aji A1) wani muhimmin fa'ida ne don amfani da mota, inda bayyanar da iskar gas mai ɗauke da sulfur daga tayoyi, man fetur, ko yanayin masana'antu na iya lalata abubuwan da aka yi da azurfa a cikin daidaitattun LED. Faɗaɗin kewayon zafin aiki (-40°C zuwa +110°C) kuma ya wuce yawan kewayon masana'antu.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin haske (mcd) da kwararar haske (lm)?

A: Ƙarfin haske yana auna hasken tushen haske kamar yadda idon ɗan adam ya gane a takamaiman alkibla (candelas). Kwararar haske tana auna jimillar hasken da tushen ya fitar a kowane alkibla (lumens). Takardar bayani na wannan LED tana ba da ƙarfi (mcd) a matsayin ma'auni na farko, tare da kwarara (lm) da aka bayar a matsayin tunani ga sassan da aka yi amfani da su, kamar yadda kunshin PLCC sau da yawa ana siffanta shi da ƙarfi.

Q: Me ya sa ake ba da shawarar direba mai ƙarfi na yau da kullun maimakon ƙarfin wutar lantarki?

A: Ƙarfin wutar gaba na LED yana da sassauci kuma yana bambanta da zafin jiki. Tushen wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi tare da resistor kawai na jere na iya haifar da babban bambance-bambance a cikin ƙarfin kwarara, yana haifar da rashin daidaiton haske da yuwuwar damuwa. Tushen ƙarfin kwarara na yau da kullun yana kiyaye ƙarfin kwarara mai ƙarfi, yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen fitar da haske da kare LED.

Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige zafin haɗin gwiwa a aikace-aikacena?

A> Ana iya amfani da juriya na zafi na lantarki (R_{th JS el}= 50 K/W). Auna ƙarfin wutar gaba a ƙaramin ƙarfin kwarara na hankali a zafin daki (daidaitawa). Sa'an nan, yayin aiki a ƙarfin tuƙi, a canza zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin kwarara na hankali kuma a sake auna ƙarfin wutar gaba. Canjin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ta amfani da ma'auni daga jadawali, yana ba da damar lissafin hawan zafin haɗin gwiwa: ΔT_J= ΔV_F/ k, inda k shine ma'aunin zafin jiki na V_F.

11. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Harka: Ƙirar Hasken Aljihun Ƙofar Mota

Mai ƙira yana buƙatar haske mai ƙanƙanta, amintacce don haskaka aljihun ƙofar mota. Dole ne hasken ya zama mai haske sosai don zama mai amfani, ya sami katako mai faɗi don rufe yankin aljihu, kuma ya tsira daga matsanancin zafin jiki da girgiza a cikin ƙofar mota.

Magani: An zaɓi wannan PLCC-4 LED Raɗa. Kusurwar kallonsa na digiri 120 yana ba da ingantaccen ɗaukar hoto na aljihu ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin mai watsawa ba. Matsakaicin ƙarfin 2300 mcd ya isa don hasken yanki na gida. Ana sarrafa na'urar a 30mA (ƙasa da 50mA na yau da kullun) ta amfani da sauƙaƙan da'irar resistor mai iyakancewa wanda ke samar da wutar lantarki daga tsarin 12V na abin hawa, yana tabbatar da tsawon rai da rage nauyin zafi. Cancantar AEC-Q102 da ƙarfin sulfur suna ba da garantin cewa zai jure yanayin. Kunshin PLCC-4 an yi masa solder kai tsaye zuwa ƙaramin PCB mai sassauƙa wanda ya dace da haɗin bangon ƙofa.

12. Ƙa'idar Aiki

Wannan diode ne mai fitar da haske na semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wutar gaba wanda ya wuce ƙarfin bandgap ɗinsa, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki na guntun semiconductor (yawanci bisa kayan kamar AlInGaP don haske raɗa). Wannan tsarin sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman tsawon zango na hasken raɗa (kusan 591 nm) an ƙaddara shi ta ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ginin guntun. Ruwan tabarau na epoxy da ke kewaye da guntun yana aiki don kare shi, siffanta fitar da hasken katako (cimma kusurwar digiri 120), da haɓaka ingancin cire haske.

13. Trends na Fasaha

A cikin sashin LED na mota, manyan abubuwan da suka shafi sun haɗa da:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki: Ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar guntu da kunshin yana nufin isar da ingantaccen haske mai haske (ƙarin lumens a kowace watt), rage amfani da wutar lantarki da nauyin zafi.
• Ƙananan: Kunshin yana ci gaba da raguwa yayin kiyayewa ko ƙara fitar da haske, yana ba da damar ƙirar haske mai ƙanƙanta da salo.
• Kunshin Ci-gaba: Amfani da kayan tare da mafi girman watsa zafi da ingantattun sifofin gani don sarrafa zafi da haske yadda ya kamata.
• Haɗin Kai Mai Hankali: Girman LED tare da haɗaɗɗun direbobi (LED-driven IC) ko sauƙaƙan hanyoyin sadarwa na sarrafawa don aikace-aikacen haske masu daidaitawa.
• Daidaiton Launi da Kwanciyar hankali: Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun binning da ingantaccen fasahar phosphor (don farin da canza launuka) suna tabbatar da daidaitaccen fitar da launi akan zafin jiki da tsawon rai, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ado da hasken aminci na mota.

Wannan na'urar, tare da amincinta na matakin mota da aiki, ta dace da buƙatar masana'antu don ƙaƙƙarfan, ingantattun sassa don hasken ciki da na waje na abin hawa.