Takardun Bayani na LED Ja PLCC-2 - 65-21-UR0200H-AM - Nau'in Motoci - 1120mcd @ 20mA - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

65-21-UR0200H-AM LED ne mai ƙarfin haske, ja, wanda aka sanya a cikin ƙaramin kunshin PLCC-2 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) na saman. Wannan kayan yana da takamaiman injiniya don aikace-aikacen hasken cikin motoci masu buƙatu, yana ba da haɗin ƙarfin haske mai ƙarfi, faɗin kusurwar kallo, da ƙarfin aminci. Babban abin da aka fi mayar da hankali a zane shi ne hasken dashboard, gungu na kayan aiki, da kuma hasken yanayi na cikin gida gabaɗaya inda daidaiton launi da haske suke da mahimmanci a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da cancantar sa zuwa madaidaicin ma'aunin AEC-Q102 don na'urorin haske masu rarrabuwa a aikace-aikacen motoci, yana tabbatar da aiki da tsawon rai a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu wuya na cikin mota. Yana da matsakaicin ƙarfin haske na 1120 millicandelas (mcd) a daidaitaccen ƙarfin kwarara na 20mA, tare da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 don kyakkyawan gani. Bugu da ƙari, samfurin ya bi ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS, REACH, da marasa halogen, yana sa ya dace da kasuwanni na duniya masu ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin kayan.

Kasuwannin da aka yi niyya shi ne sashin motoci kawai, tare da aikace-aikace da aka jera a sarari don hasken cikin motoci da nunin gungu. Wannan mayar da hankali yana ƙayyade ƙarin ƙayyadaddun sa don kewayon zafin jiki, kariya daga fitar da lantarki (ESD), da dogon lokacin aminci idan aka kwatanta da LED na kasuwanci na yau da kullun.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haske da Lantarki

Ana ƙayyade aikin lantarki da na gani a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji (Ts=25°C). Ƙarfin kwarara gaba (I_F) yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙididdiga na 50mA, matsakaicin wurin aiki na 20mA, da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin kwarara da aka ba da shawarar na 5mA. A 20mA, ƙarfin haske (I_V) ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 710mcd zuwa matsakaicin 1120mcd, tare da matsakaicin da aka ƙayyade har zuwa 1800mcd, yana nuna yuwuwar bambancin aiki a cikin rukunonin samarwa. Ƙarfin lantarki gaba (V_F) a wannan ƙarfin kwarara yana tsakanin 1.75V zuwa 2.75V, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 2.0V. Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λ_d) yana cikin bakan ja, wanda aka ƙayyade daga 612nm zuwa 627nm, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 622nm. Kusurwar kallo (2θ_½) digiri 120 ne mai daidaito, tare da ƙayyadaddun juzu'i na ±5°.

2.2 Ma'auni na Zafi da Aminci

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rai. Na'urar tana da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar juriya na zafi guda biyu: juriya na zafi na "Gaskiya" (R_{th JS gaskiya}) na 160 K/W matsakaici da juriya na zafi na "Lantarki" (R_{th JS el}) na 125 K/W matsakaici. Bambancin yana yiwuwa ya samo asali ne daga hanyar aunawa, tare da hanyar lantarki kasancewar gama gari a masana'antu don ƙididdiga. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_J) shine 125°C. Kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya an ƙayyade shi daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen motoci waɗanda dole su yi aiki a cikin yanayi mai tsanani. Na'urar na iya jure bugun ESD (Samfurin Jikin Mutum) har zuwa 2kV, yana ba da matakin kariya na sarrafawa.

2.3 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ƙayyade iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (P_d) shine 137 mW. Ƙarfin ƙarfin kwarara mai ƙarfi (I_FM) shine 100mA don bugun jini ≤10μs tare da ƙaramin aikin aiki (D=0.005). Ba a ƙera na'urar don aikin koma baya ba. Matsakaicin zafin solder yayin sake kwarara shine 260°C na dakika 30, wanda shine daidaitaccen bayanin martaba don hanyoyin solder marasa gubar.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni na aiki. Takardun bayani yana ba da cikakkun tebur na rarrabuwa don ma'auni guda uku masu mahimmanci.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske ta amfani da tsarin lambar haruffa da lambobi (misali L1, L2, M1... har zuwa GA). Kowane rukuni ya ƙunshi takamaiman kewayon mafi ƙarancin da matsakaicin ƙarfin haske a cikin millicandelas (mcd). Don 65-21-UR0200H-AM, ana haskaka rukunin fitarwa mai yuwuwa kuma ya haɗa da V1 (710-900 mcd), V2 (900-1120 mcd), AA (1120-1400 mcd), da AB (1400-1800 mcd). Wannan yana ba masu zane damar zaɓar sassa bisa ga matakin haske da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu, tare da ƙayyadaddun ma'auni na ±8%.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye

Tsawon zango mai rinjaye, wanda ke ƙayyade launin hasken ja da ake gani, shima ana rarraba shi. Ana gano rukunonin ta lambobi huɗu (misali 1215, 1518, 1821). Kowane lamba yayi daidai da kewayon tsawon zango na nanometer 3. Don wannan takamaiman sashi, rukunoni masu yuwuwa sune 1215 (612-615 nm), 1518 (615-618 nm), 1821 (618-621 nm), 2124 (621-624 nm), 2427 (624-627 nm), da 2730 (627-630 nm). Juzu'i don aunawar tsawon zango mai rinjaye shine ±1nm. Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan rarrabuwa yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin LED da yawa a cikin nuni ko tsarin haske.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba

Ana rarraba ƙarfin lantarki gaba ta amfani da lambobi kamar 1517, 1720, 2022, da sauransu, suna wakiltar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki a cikin ƙaruwa na 0.25V (misali 1.50-1.75V, 1.75-2.00V, 2.00-2.25V). Sanin V_Fbin yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irori masu tuka ƙarfin kwarara mai inganci da sarrafa ɓarnawar wutar lantarki.

4. Binciken Lankwasa Aiki

Takardun bayani ya haɗa da jadawali da yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta yadda ma'auni masu mahimmanci ke canzawa tare da yanayin aiki.

4.1 Lankwasa IV da Ƙarfin Haske Dangantacce

Jadawalin Ƙarfin Kwarara Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni ta yau da kullun, mai mahimmanci don zaɓar resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin kwarara ko direba mai ƙarfin kwarara akai. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Haske Dangantacce da Ƙarfin Kwarara Gaba yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin kwarara har zuwa wani lokaci, amma yin aiki sama da shawarar 20mA na iya rage inganci da ƙara zafi.

4.2 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Jadawali da yawa suna cikakken bayani game da tasirin zafi. Lankwasa Ƙarfin Haske Dangantacce da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru—wani muhimmin abin la'akari ga aikace-aikacen motoci inda zafin yanayi zai iya zama mai zafi. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba Dangantacce da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna V_Fyana da ƙimar zafi mara kyau, yana raguwa da layi tare da hawan zafin jiki. Wannan dukiya wani lokaci ana iya amfani da ita don jin zafi kai tsaye. Jadawalin Tsawon Zango Mai Rinjaye da Zafin Haɗin gwiwa yana nuna ɗan jajayen canji (ƙaruwa a cikin tsawon zango) yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi.

4.3 Rarraba Bakan Haske da Rage Ƙarfi

Jadawalin Rarraba Bakan Haske Dangantacce yana tabbatar da fitarwar ja mai launi ɗaya a kusa da 622nm. Lankwasa Rage Ƙarfin Kwarara Gaba yana da mahimmanci ga ƙirar zafi; yana nuna cewa dole ne a rage matsakaicin ƙarfin kwarara gaba na ci gaba yayin da zafin fakitin solder ya ƙaru. Misali, a zafin fakitin na 110°C, matsakaicin ƙarfin kwarara na ci gaba shine 35mA kawai. Jadawalin Ƙarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini Mai izini yana ba da jagorori don tuka LED tare da ƙarfin kwarara mai bugun jini a ayyukan aiki daban-daban, yana ba da damar ƙarin haske nan take a aikace-aikacen da aka haɗa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

LED yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin saman PLCC-2. Duk da yake ainihin zanen injiniya daga shafi na 15 ba a sake yin shi a nan, ana san girman PLCC-2 na yau da kullun a cikin masana'antu. Kunshin ya haɗa da jikin filastik da aka yi da ƙira tare da jagora biyu. Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar siffar kunshin ko alama a saman, tare da gano cathode. Takardun bayani kuma ya haɗa da shirin "Fakitin Solder da aka ba da Shawara" a shafi na 16, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ƙirar PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder, taimakon zafi, da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

An ƙera kayan don hanyoyin solder na sake kwarara waɗanda suka dace da solder marasa gubar. Ƙayyadaddun bayanin martaba a shafi na 16 (Bayanan Martabar Solder Sake Kwarara) yana ba da damar matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C har zuwa dakika 30. Wannan shine daidaitaccen bayanin martaba na IPC/JEDEC. Dole ne masu zane su tabbatar cewa tsarin haɗawarsu ya tsaya cikin waɗannan iyakoki don hana lalacewar kunshin ko lalacewar cikin mutuƙa da haɗin waya. Sashen "Kariya don Amfani" (shafi na 19) yana yiwuwa ya ƙunshi muhimman umarni na sarrafawa, ajiya, da tsaftacewa don kiyaye aminci, kamar guje wa fallasa yanayin da ke ɗauke da sulfur wanda zai iya lalata jagororin da aka lulluɓe da azurfa (wanda aka ambata ta "Ma'aunin Gwajin Sulfur" a shafi na 20).

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

"Bayanin Kunshin" (shafi na 17) ya yi cikakken bayani kan yadda ake samar da LED, yawanci akan tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya da aka yi da ƙira a cikin reels, wanda ya dace da kayan haɗawa na atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa. Lambar sashi 65-21-UR0200H-AM tana bin tsarin lamba na ciki wanda zai iya ƙunsar bayanai game da nau'in kunshin, launi, rukunin aiki, da sauran halaye. Sashen "Bayanin Oda" (shafi na 14) zai ba da takamaiman lambobin oda masu dacewa da rukunoni daban-daban na ƙarfin haske, tsawon zango, da ƙarfin lantarki gaba, yana ba da damar zaɓi daidai don samarwa.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Kamar yadda aka faɗa, aikace-aikacen farko sune Hasken Cikin Motoci da Gungu na Kayan Aiki. Wannan ya haɗa da hasken baya don maɓallai, maɓalli, da gumaka akan kwamitin tsakiya, hasken hannun kofa da ƙafafu, kuma, mafi mahimmanci, a matsayin fitilu na nuni da gargadi a cikin gungun kayan aiki. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikace inda LED ba za a iya kallon kai tsaye ba.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya kamata a Yi la'akari da su a Zane

Lokacin yin zane da wannan LED, dole ne injiniyoyi su yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa:Tukin Ƙarfin Kwarara:Yi amfani da direba mai ƙarfin kwarara akai ko resistor mai iyakance ƙarfin kwarara da aka saita don 20mA (na yau da kullun) don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da tsawon rai.Sarrafa Zafi:Dole ne a mutunta lankwasa rage ƙarfi. Tabbatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko ramukan zafi don fitar da zafi daga fakitin solder, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayi mai zafi kamar dashboard na mota a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye.Zanen Gani:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na iya buƙatar jagororin haske ko masu watsawa don siffantar katakon don takamaiman dalilai na nuni.Kariyar ESD:Duk da yake an ƙididdige shi don 2kV HBM, haɗa kariyar ESD ta asali akan PCB kyakkyawan al'ada ce don na'urorin lantarki na motoci.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED ja na kasuwanci na PLCC-2, 65-21-UR0200H-AM ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar cancantar sa na nau'in motoci. Bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da:Cancantar AEC-Q102:Wannan ya ƙunshi jerin gwaje-gwajen damuwa (rayuwar aiki mai zafi, zagayowar zafin jiki, juriya ga danshi, da sauransu) waɗanda sassan kasuwanci ba sa shiga.Faɗaɗin Kewayon Zafin Jiki:Aiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C ya wuce kewayon -40°C zuwa +85°C ko +100°C na sassan kasuwanci na yau da kullun.Ƙarfin Lalle:Ƙayyadaddun "Aji B1" don ƙarfin lalle yana nuna gwaji akan takamaiman gurɓataccen iskar gas da aka saba da su a cikin yanayin motoci.Ƙaƙƙarfan Rarrabuwa da Ƙayyadaddun Bayani:Ana ƙayyade ma'auni tare da ƙaƙƙarfan juzu'i da ƙarin cikakken rarrabuwa don tabbatar da daidaito a matakin tsarin.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q: Zan iya tuka wannan LED a 50mA akai?

A: A'a. Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙididdiga na 50mA shine iyakar damuwa. Don aiki mai aminci na dogon lokaci, dole ne ku bi lankwasa rage ƙarfi bisa ga zafin fakitin solder. A yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun, 20mA shine ƙarfin kwarara na ci gaba da aka ba da shawarar.

Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin juriya na zafi na "Gaskiya" da na "Lantarki"?

A: Hanyar "Lantarki" tana amfani da ƙarfin lantarki gaba mai saukin zafi a matsayin wakili don ƙididdige juriya na zafi kuma ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya don ƙayyadaddun bayani. Hanyar "Gaskiya" na iya haɗawa da ƙarin aunawar zafi kai tsaye. Don dalilai na zane, amfani da mafi girman ƙima (160 K/W) yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdigar zafi.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara lambar rukunin ƙarfin haske (misali AA) a cikin oda?

A: Lambar rukunin tana tabbatar da cewa ƙarfin haske na LED ya faɗi cikin ƙayyadaddun kewayon wannan rukunin (misali AA = 1120-1400 mcd). Dole ne ku yi odar takamaiman lambar rukunin da ake buƙata don daidaiton hasken aikace-aikacenku.

Q: Shin diode na kariya ta baya yana da mahimmanci?

A> Ee. Takardun bayani a sarari ya faɗi cewa na'urar "Ba a ƙera ta don aikin koma baya ba." Diode mai toshewa a jere ko diode shunt a kan LED yana da mahimmanci idan akwai yuwuwar amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki na motoci.

11: Nazarin Aikin Zane na Aiki

Yanayi:Zanen alamar gargadi "Binciken Injin" ja don gungun kayan aikin mota.

Zaɓi:An zaɓi 65-21-UR0200H-AM saboda bin AEC-Q102, ƙarfin haske, da launin ja. Ana iya zaɓar rukunin tsawon zango a cikin kewayon 612-621nm don bayyanar ja na yau da kullun.

Zanen Da'ira:Wutar lantarki ta gungu ita ce 12V na yau da kullun (zai iya bambanta daga 9V zuwa 16V). An zaɓi resistor na jere mai sauƙi don ingancin farashi. Ta amfani da V na yau da kullun_Fna 2.0V a 20mA: R = (12V - 2.0V) / 0.020A = 500Ω. An zaɓi daidaitaccen resistor na 510Ω, wanda ya haifar da ƙarfin kwarara na ~19.6mA, wanda aka yarda da shi. An ƙididdige ƙimar wutar lantarki na resistor: P = I²R = (0.0196)²* 510 ≈ 0.2W, don haka resistor 1/4W ya isa.

Binciken Zafi:Za a sanya LED akan PCB na gungu. Da zaton matsakaicin yanayin cikin mota na 85°C da ƙididdigar hawan zafin PCB na 15°C a fakitin, zafin fakitin shine 100°C. Tuntuɓar lankwasa rage ƙarfi, matsakaicin ƙarfin kwarara na ci gaba da aka yarda a 100°C shine kusan 40mA. Ƙarfin kwarara na zanenmu na ~20mA yana cikin wannan iyaka, yana ba da kyakkyawan gefen aminci.

Zanen Gani:An ƙera bututun haske ko ƙaramin hular watsawa don jagorantar haske daga SMD LED akan PCB zuwa alamar nuni ta gaba akan fuskar gungu, ta amfani da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan na'urar diode ce mai fitar da haske (LED), diode haɗin gwiwar semiconductor p-n. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki gaba wanda ya wuce yuwuwar gina diode (kusan 1.75-2.75V don wannan LED ja), ana shigar da electrons da ramuka a kan haɗin gwiwa. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, kuma don wannan takamaiman abun da ke tattare da shi (mai yiwuwa bisa AlGaInP), wani ɓangare na makamashin sake haɗuwa ana fitar da shi azaman photons (haske) tare da tsawon zango daidai da makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor, yana haifar da hasken ja tare da tsawon zango mai rinjaye kusa da 622nm. Kunshin filastik na PLCC-2 yana ɗauke da mutuƙar semiconductor, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, kuma ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau da aka yi da ƙira wanda ke siffantar hasken da aka fitar zuwa ƙayyadaddun tsarin kallo na digiri 120.

13. Trends na Fasaha

A cikin sashin LED na motoci, ana iya lura da trends da yawa. Akwai ci gaba mai ci gaba zuwamafi girman ingancin haske(ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace watt na lantarki), yana ba da damar nunin haske mai haske ko ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da samar da zafi.Ingantacciyar daidaiton launi da ƙaƙƙarfan rarrabuwasuna da mahimmanci yayin da nunin ya zama mafi ƙwarewa.Ƙarfafa aminci da ƙarfisuna kasancewa mafi mahimmanci, tare da ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin kayan kunshin don jure mafi girman zafin jiki da matsanancin damuwa na muhalli, gami da juriya ga sabbin nau'ikan gurɓataccen abu. Bugu da ƙari, haɗinna'urorin lantarki masu tuƙi da sarrafawakai tsaye tare da kunshin LED (misali LED masu wayo tare da haɗaɗɗun IC don duhun PWM ko bincike) wani trend ne mai girma, ko da yake wannan takamaiman sashi ya kasance mai rarrabuwa, maras direba.