Bayanin Fasaha na PLCC-4 LED Ja - Kunshin 3.5x2.8x1.9mm - Ƙarfin Wuta 2.25V - Ƙarfin Wuta 112.5mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda ta bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun LED ja mai hawa sama a cikin kunshin PLCC-4 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier). Na'urar an tsara ta da farko don muhallin hasken mota mai ƙarfi, na ciki da na waje. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da babban ƙarfin haske na yau da kullun na 3550 millicandelas (mcd) a daidaitaccen ƙarfin kwarara na 50mA, faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 don kyakkyawan gani, da ƙaƙƙarfan gini wanda ya dace da mahimman ƙa'idodin mota da muhalli.

LED ya cancanci ma'aunin AEC-Q102, yana tabbatar da amincin kayan lantarki na mota. Hakanan yana da ƙarfin sulfur (Class A1), yana mai da shi mai jurewa ga yanayi mai lalata, kuma ya bi ka'idodin RoHS, REACH, da marasa halogen. Wannan haɗin gwiwar fitarwa mai girma, aminci, da bin doka ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai dacewa don tsarin hasken mota na zamani.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Lantarki

Mahimman ma'auni na aiki, wanda aka auna a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun (T_s=25°C, I_F=50mA), suna ayyana iyakar aikin LED:

• Ƙarfin Gaba (I_F):Ana ba da shawarar ƙarfin aiki na 50mA, tare da matsakaicin ƙimar cikakkiyar 70mA. An ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin 5mA don aiki mai kyau.
• Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (I_V):Ƙimar yau da kullun ita ce 3550 mcd, tare da mafi ƙanƙanta 2240 mcd da matsakaicin 5600 mcd a 50mA. Ma'aunin hasken haske yana da juzu'i na ±8%.
• Ƙarfin Wuta na Gaba (V_F):Yawanci 2.25V, kewayo daga mafi ƙanƙanta 1.75V zuwa matsakaicin 2.75V a 50mA, tare da juzu'in ma'auni na ±0.05V.
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2φ_½):Digiri 120, tare da juzu'i na ±5 digiri. Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar inda ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar axial koli.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):Ga wannan LED ja, matsakaicin tsawon tsawon yana cikin kewayon 612nm zuwa 627nm, tare da juzu'in ma'auni na ±1nm.

2.2 Halayen Zafi

Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga aikin LED da tsawon rai. An ba da ƙimar juriya na zafi guda biyu:

• Gaskiyar Juriyar Zafi (R_{th JS real}):Yawanci 70 K/W, matsakaicin 95 K/W. Ana auna wannan kai tsaye daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder.
• Juriya na Zafi na Lantarki (R_{th JS el}):Yawanci 50 K/W, matsakaicin 67 K/W. Wannan ƙimar ce da aka samo ta hanyar lantarki da ake amfani da ita don wasu ƙirar lissafi.
• Zafin Haɗin gwiwa (T_J):Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa da aka yarda shine 125°C.
• Zafin Aiki (T_opr):Kewayon zafin yanayi don aiki shine -40°C zuwa +110°C.

2.3 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakkiya

Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa. Ba za a wuce su a kowane yanayi ba.

• Rushewar Wuta (P_d):192 mW.
• Ƙarfin Kwarara (I_FM):100 mA don bugun jini ≤10μs tare da zagayowar aiki (D) na 0.005.
• Ƙarfin Wuta na Baya (V_R):Ba a tsara wannan na'urar don aikin karkatar da baya ba.
• Hankalin ESD (HBM):2 kV, an gwada shi bisa ƙirar Jikin Mutum (R=1.5kΩ, C=100pF).
• Zafin Solder:Yana jurewa sake karkatar da solder a 260°C na dakika 30.

3. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki

3.1 Halayen Bakan da Radiation

TheRarraba Bakan Dangantakajadi ya nuna LED yana fitar da haske da farko a cikin yankin ja na bakan, wanda ya ta'allaka ne a kusa da tsayin tsawon sa. TheHalayen Zane na Yau da Kullun na Radiationyana kwatanta rarraba ƙarfin sararin samaniya, yana tabbatar da kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 inda ƙarfin ya faɗi zuwa 50% na kolin kan-axis.

3.2 Kwarara vs. Ƙarfin Wuta da Ƙarfi

TheƘarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wuta na Gaba (I-V)lanƙwasa yana nuna alaƙar alaƙar diode na yau da kullun. A 50mA, ƙarfin wuta yana kusan 2.25V. TheƘarfin Hasken Dangantaka vs. Ƙarfin Gabajadi yana nuna cewa fitarwar haske yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin amma yana iya zama ƙasa da layi a manyan igiyoyin saboda tasirin zafi.

3.3 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Jadi da yawa suna cikakken bayani game da canje-canjen aiki tare da zafin jiki:

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Wuta na Gaba vs. Zafin Haɗin gwiwa:Ƙarfin wuta na gaba yana raguwa da layi tare da haɓakar zafin haɗin gwiwa, wata sifa da ake amfani da ita don jin zafin jiki.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Hasken Dangantaka vs. Zafin Haɗin gwiwa:Fitarwar haske tana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Kiyaye ƙaramin zafin haɗin gwiwa yana da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen haske.
• Matsakaicin Canjin Tsawon Tsawon vs. Zafin Haɗin gwiwa:Matsakaicin tsayin tsawon fitarwa yana canzawa tare da zafin jiki, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi.
• Lanƙwasa Rage Ƙarfin Gaba:Wannan muhimmin jadawali yana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin gaba da aka yarda dole ne a rage shi yayin da zafin kushin solder ya ƙaru. Misali, a matsakaicin zafin kushin solder na 110°C, dole ne a rage ƙarfin zuwa 57mA.

3.4 Aikin Bugun Jini

TheƘarfin Ƙarfafawa na Bugun Jiniginshiƙi yana ayyana wurin aiki mai aminci don ƙarfin bugun jini. Yana nuna cewa don ƙananan faɗin bugun jini (t_p), manyan kololuwar igiyoyin ruwa (I_F) ana yarda, dangane da zagayowar aiki (D).

4. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman ma'auni.

4.1 Kwandon Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a lokacin ƙarfin yau da kullun. Kwandon shara ya kewayo daga BB (2240-2800 mcd) zuwa CB (3550-4500 mcd). Bangaren na yau da kullun (3550 mcd) ya faɗi cikin kwandon CA (2800-3550 mcd). An ba da ƙimar hasken haske daidai a cikin lumens don tunani.

4.2 Kwandon Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon

Matsakaicin tsawon tsawon an yi shi a cikin matakan 3nm, daga 1215 (612-615nm) zuwa 2427 (624-627nm). Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓar LED tare da takamaiman maki launi.

4.3 Kwandon Ƙarfin Wuta na Gaba

Ƙarfin wuta na gaba an yi shi a cikin matakan 0.25V, daga lambar 1720 (1.75-2.00V) zuwa 2527 (2.50-2.75V). Daidaitawa V_Fkwandon shara na iya taimakawa wajen ƙirar daidaitattun igiyoyin LED a layi daya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

5.1 Girman Injiniya

LED yana amfani da daidaitaccen kunshin hawa sama na PLCC-4. Matsakaicin girma shine kusan 3.5mm a tsayi, 2.8mm a faɗi, da 1.9mm a tsayi (gami da kubba). Cikakkun zane-zane masu girma tare da juzu'i za a samu a cikin sashin zanen injiniya na cikakken bayanin bayanai.

5.2 Ganewar Polarity

Kunshin PLCC-4 yana da kusurwa mai katako ko rami wanda ke nuna fil ɗin cathode (maras kyau). Daidaitaccen alkibla yana da mahimmanci don aikin kewaye.

5.3 Tsarin Kushin Solder da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da shawarar ƙirar ƙirar ƙasa don tabbatar da amintaccen solder, daidaitaccen zubar da zafi, da daidaitawa yayin aikin sake karkatarwa. Wannan tsarin yawanci ya haɗa da kushin don jagororin lantarki huɗu da kuma kushin zafi na tsakiya don zubar da zafi.

6. Jagororin Solder da Taro

6.1 Bayanin Siffar Sake Solder

Bangaren ya dace da daidaitattun hanyoyin sake karkatar da infrared ko convection. Ƙayyadaddun bayanin ya haɗa da yankin preheat, yankin jiƙa, yankin sake karkatarwa tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki bai wuce 260°C ba na dakika 30, da yankin sanyaya mai sarrafawa. Yin bin wannan bayanin yana hana girgizar zafi kuma yana tabbatar da amincin haɗin gwiwar solder.

6.2 Hatsarori don Amfani

• Kariyar ESD:Ko da yake an ƙididdige shi don 2kV HBM, yakamata a kiyaye matakan kula da ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa.
• Iyakancewar Kwarara:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai ƙarfi don iyakance ƙarfin gaba zuwa ƙimar da ake so, kada a haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen wuta.
• Ƙirar Zafi:Aiwatar da isasshen yanki na tagulla na PCB ko zubar da zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan igiyoyin ruwa ko a cikin manyan yanayin zafi, don kiyaye zafin haɗin gwiwa cikin iyaka.
• Tsaftacewa:Yi amfani da kaushi masu tsaftacewa masu dacewa waɗanda ba sa lalata kunshin filastik ko ruwan tabarau.

7. Bayanin Kunshin da Oda

7.1 Decoding Lambar Bangare

Lambar bangaren67-41-UR050 1H-AMan tsara shi kamar haka:
67-41: Iyalin samfur.
UR: Launi (Ja).
050: Gwajin kwarara (50mA).
1: Nau'in firam ɗin jagora (1=Zinariya).
H: Matsayin haske (High).
AM: Yana nuna aikace-aikacen Motoci.

7.2 Kunshin Daidaitaccen

LEDs yawanci ana samar da su akan kaset ɗin da aka zana da reel don dacewa da kayan aikin taro na karba da wuri ta atomatik. Matsakaicin adadin reel shine daidaitaccen masana'antu, kamar 2000 ko 4000 guda a kowane reel.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikacen Yau da Kullun

• Hasken Waje na Mota:Fitilun gudu na rana (DRLs), fitilun alamar gefe, fitilun tsakiyar tsayi (CHMSL), da hasken ciki don alamu ko lafazi.
• Hasken Ciki na Mota:Hasken baya na dashboard, hasken canji, hasken ƙafar ƙafa, da hasken yanayi.
• Aikace-aikacen Nuna Alama Gabaɗaya:Alamomin matsayi a cikin kayan aikin masana'antu, na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, ko alamar da ke buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi da aminci.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Zaɓin Direba:Don aikace-aikacen mota, yi la'akari da direbobi waɗanda za su iya sarrafa zubar da kaya, kariyar baturi ta baya, da duhun PWM idan an buƙata.
• Ƙirar Gani:Faɗin kusurwar kallo na iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, jagororin haske) don siffata katako don takamaiman aikace-aikace kamar DRLs.
• Tsarin Series/Parallel:Lokacin haɗa LED da yawa, yi la'akari da kwandon shara na wuta don igiyoyin layi daya kuma tabbatar da direba zai iya samar da jimillar ƙarfin da ake buƙata da ƙarfin wuta.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED na PLCC-4 marasa mota, wannan na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci:

• Cancantar Mota (AEC-Q102):Yana jurewa gwajin damuwa mai tsanani don zagayowar zafin jiki, zafi, da rayuwar aiki, yana tabbatar da aminci a cikin mummunan yanayin mota.
• Ƙarfin Sulfur (Class A1):Kayan da ginin suna jurewa lalata daga yanayin da ke ɗauke da sulfur, gama gari a wasu yankuna na yanki.
• Faɗaɗin Kewayon Zazzabi:An ƙididdige shi don aiki daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, ya wuce kewayon LED na kasuwanci na yau da kullun.
• Babban Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken:Fitarwar yau da kullun na 3550 mcd a 50mA ya fi yawa da yawa daidaitattun LED ja na PLCC-4, yana ba da ƙarin haske don wani ƙarfi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

10.1 Menene ƙarfin aiki da aka ba da shawara?

Ƙarfin aiki na yau da kullun shine 50mA. Ana iya aiki daga 5mA har zuwa matsakaicin cikakkiyar 70mA, amma an ƙayyade ma'auni na aiki (ƙarfi, ƙarfin wuta) a 50mA. Koyaushe koma ga lanƙwasa ragewa idan ana aiki a manyan yanayin zafi.

10.2 Ta yaya zan lissafa ƙimar resistor na jerin?

Yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply- V_F) / I_F. Don samar da mota 12V kuma ta amfani da V na yau da kullun_Fna 2.25V a 50mA: R = (12V - 2.25V) / 0.05A = 195 Ohms. Zaɓi ƙimar daidaitaccen ƙimar da ta fi kusa (misali, 200 Ohms) kuma tabbatar da ƙimar wutar resistor ya isa (P = I²R = 0.5W).

10.3 Shin ana iya amfani da wannan LED don duhun PWM?

Ee, LED suna da kyau don duhun PWM. Tabbatar cewa mitar PWM ya isa don guje wa kyan gani (yawanci >200Hz). Dole ne direba ya iya canza ƙarfin da ake buƙata a zaɓaɓɓen mitar.

10.4 Me yasa gudanar da zafi yake da mahimmanci?

Yawan zafin haɗin gwiwa yana rage fitarwar haske (rage darajar lumen), yana gajarta rayuwar aiki, kuma yana iya haifar da canji a cikin tsayin tsawon rinjaye. Daidaitaccen zubar da zafi yana kiyaye aiki da aminci.

11. Lamuran Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

11.1 Harka na Ƙira: Babban Fitilar Tsayawa ta Tsakiya ta Mota (CHMSL)

Don CHMSL da ke buƙatar haske mai ƙarfi da saurin amsawa, ana iya shirya LED da yawa a layi. Yin amfani da direba mai ƙarfi wanda aka ƙididdige shi don kewayon wutar mota yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen haske ba tare da la'akari da sauye-sauyen ƙarfin baturi ba. Faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 yana ba da kyakkyawan gani daga kusurwoyi daban-daban a bayan motar. Cancantar AEC-Q102 tana tabbatar da cewa fitilun za su yi aiki da aminci a tsawon rayuwar motar a ƙarƙashin duk yanayin yanayi.

11.2 Harka na Ƙira: Panel Nuna Alamar Matsayi na Masana'antu

A cikin kwamitin sarrafa masana'antu, waɗannan LED na iya zama alamun matsayi ko kuskure masu haske mai ƙarfi. Ƙarfinsu na sulfur ya sa su dace da yanayin da ke da yuwuwar fallasa sinadarai. Kunshin PLCC-4 yana ba da damar ƙira mai ƙarfi, hawa sama akan PCB. Masu ƙira za su iya zaɓar takamaiman kwandon tsawon tsawon don kiyaye daidaitaccen launin ja a duk alamun da ke kan panel.

12. Gabatarwar Ƙa'idar Aiki

Wannan na'urar ita ce diode mai fitar da haske (LED). Yana aiki bisa ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin wuta na gaba a kan haɗin gwiwar pn, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su suna ƙayyade launin hasken da aka fitar; a wannan yanayin, kayan da ke samar da hasken ja tare da tsayin tsawon tsakanin 612-627nm. Kunshin filastik ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau na epoxy wanda ke siffata fitarwar haske kuma yana ba da kariyar muhalli.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Yanayin mota da LED masu aminci mai girma yana ci gaba zuwa ga ingantaccen inganci (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace watt na shigar da lantarki), ingantaccen aikin zafi wanda ke ba da damar manyan igiyoyin tuƙi a cikin ƙananan fakitin, da ingantaccen daidaiton launi da jikewa. Hakanan ana mai da hankali kan haɓaka fakitin da ke sauƙaƙe ingantaccen sarrafa gani da haɗin kai tare da na'urorin gani na biyu. Tuƙin ƙananan ƙira yana ci gaba, tare da buƙatar fakitin da ke sauƙaƙe gudanar da zafi ga mai ƙira na ƙarshe, kamar waɗanda ke da kushin zafi da aka fallasa ko kayan ƙasa na ci gaba.