Takardar Bayani na LED na Jan PLCC-6 A09K-UR1501H-AM - Kallon Kwanar 120° - 2.15V @150mA - 7500mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

A09K-UR1501H-AM babban ɓangaren LED ne mai hawa a saman (surface-mount) wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen hasken mota masu ƙarfi. Yana amfani da marufin PLCC-6 (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier), yana ba da dandali mai ƙarfi kuma abin dogaro don tsarin hasken waje na mota. Na'urar tana fitar da haske ja mai tsafta tare da matsakaicin tsinkaya (dominant wavelength) na 613nm, yana ba da ingantacciyar cikar launi. Babban manufar ƙirarta shine cimma babban ƙarfin haske a cikin ƙaramin girma yayin riƙe da bin ƙa'idodin masana'antar mota masu tsauri.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da matsakaicin ƙarfinsa na haske na 7500 millicandelas (mcd) a halin yanzu na gaba (forward current) na 150mA, faɗin kwanar kallo na digiri 120 don rarraba haske daidai, da ƙaƙƙarfan gini wanda ya cancanta zuwa ma'auni na AEC-Q101. An yi niyya musamman ga kasuwar hasken waje na mota, gami da aikace-aikace kamar Fitilun Tsayawa na Tsakiya (CHMSL), fitilun wutsiya, da fitilun tsayawa, inda amincin, haske, da aiki na dogon lokaci suke da mahimmanci.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Haske da Na'urorin Lantarki

Mahimman sigogi na aiki suna ayyana iyakar aikin LED. Halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) yana da kewayon aiki da aka ba da shawarar daga 20mA zuwa 200mA, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun na 150mA don fitarwa mai ƙima. A wannan halin yanzu, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F) shine 2.15V, tare da iyakar iyaka na 2.75V, yana nuna ingantaccen ingancin lantarki. Ƙarfin haske (I_V) an ƙayyade shi da mafi ƙarancin 4500 mcd, na yau da kullun na 7500 mcd, kuma yana iya kaiwa har zuwa 14000 mcd, yana nuna fa'ida mai mahimmanci wanda ake sarrafa ta hanyar tsarin rarraba (binning). Tsinkaya mai rinjaye (λ_d) yawanci yana kan 613nm, yana ayyana ma'anar launin ja.

2.2 Zazzabi da Matsakaicin Matsayin Madaidaicin

Sarrafa zazzabi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED. Na'urar tana da juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (R_thJS) na 60 K/W (na gaske) ko 50 K/W (na lantarki), wanda shine muhimmin siga don ƙirar hanyar zafi akan PCB. Matsakaicin matakan madaidaicin suna saita iyakoki masu ƙarfi don aiki lafiya: matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (P_d) na 550 mW, matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_J) na 125°C, da kewayon zafin aiki (T_opr) daga -40°C zuwa +110°C, yana tabbatar da dacewarsa ga yanayin mota mai tsauri. Haka nan yana jurewa matakin ESD (HBM) na 8 kV.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED ɗin zuwa rukunoni (bins). Takardar bayani tana ba da cikakken bayani game da rarraba ƙarfin haske da tsinkaya mai rinjaye.

3.1 Rarraba Ƙarfin Haske

Ana rarraba ƙarfin haske ta amfani da tsarin lambobi da haruffa (misali L1, L2, M1... har zuwa GA). Kowane rukuni yana ayyana takamaiman kewayon mafi ƙarancin da matsakaicin ƙarfin haske a cikin millicandelas (mcd). Ga A09K-UR1501H-AM, rukunin fitarwa mai yuwuwa da aka haskaka yana kewaye da ƙimar yau da kullun na 7500 mcd, wanda zai yi daidai da rukunoni a cikin kewayon DA (4500-5600 mcd) da DB (5600-7100 mcd) ko EA (7100-9000 mcd). Wannan rarraba yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar sassa waɗanda suka cika takamaiman buƙatun haske don aikace-aikacensu.

3.2 Rarraba Tsawon Tsinkaya (Dominant Wavelength)

Hakazalika, ana rarraba tsinkaya mai rinjaye don sarrafa daidaiton launi. Ana ayyana rukunoni ta hanyar haɗin harafi da lamba (misali A1, B3, C5) wanda ya ƙunshi kewayon tsinkaya, yawanci a matakan 1nm ko 2nm a kusa da ƙimar ƙima na 613nm. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa duk LED ɗin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin haɗin fitila ɗaya suna da kusan irin fitarwar launi, wanda ke da mahimmanci saboda dalilai na ado da ƙa'ida a cikin hasken mota.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da zane-zane da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen LED a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira da na zafi.

4.1 Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Forward Current) da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Forward Voltage) - Lanƙwasa IV

Lanƙwasa IV tana nuna alaƙar ma'auni tsakanin halin yanzu na gaba da ƙarfin lantarki. Ana amfani da shi don ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki na aiki don takamaiman halin yanzu na tuƙi da kuma lissafin amfani da wutar lantarki (P = V_F* I_F). Lanƙwasa tana taimakawa wajen zaɓar madaidaicin resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu ko ƙirar da'irori masu tuƙi na yau da kullun.

4.2 Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Halin Yanzu na Gaba

Wannan zanen yana nuna yadda fitarwar haske ke ƙaruwa tare da halin yanzu na tuƙi. Gabaɗaya yana ƙasa da layi; ninka halin yanzu baya ninka fitarwar haske. Wannan dangantakar tana da mahimmanci don fahimtar inganci da ƙirar duhun PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation).

4.3 Zane-zanen Dogaro akan Zazzabi

Zane-zane da yawa suna cikakken bayani game da canje-canjen aiki tare da zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_J):

• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Haske da Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa:Yana nuna raguwar fitarwar haske yayin da zazzabi ke ƙaruwa, wata halayya da aka sani da raguwar zafi (thermal droop). Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan a cikin ƙirar zafi don kiyaye haske mai daidaito.
• Dangantakar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa:Yana nuna cewaV_Fyana raguwa a layi tare da ƙaruwar zazzabi (kusan -2 mV/°C don LED ja). Ana iya amfani da wannan don gano zafin jiki amma kuma yana shafar tsare-tsaren tuƙi na ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun.
• Dangantakar Tsinkaya da Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa:Yana nuna canji a cikin tsinkaya mai rinjaye (yawanci 'yan nanometers) tare da zazzabi, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi.

4.4 Rarraba Tsinkaya (Spectral Distribution) da Tsarin Rarraba Haske (Radiation Pattern)

Zanen rarraba tsinkaya (spectral distribution) yana nuna ƙaƙƙarfan kololuwar fitarwa na LED ja, wanda ke tsakiya a kusa da tsinkayarsa mai rinjaye. Tsarin rarraba haske (zane na kwanar kallo) yana tabbatar da kwanar kallo na digiri 120, yana nuna rarraba ƙarfin haske na kusurwa, wanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar ruwan tabarau da mai haskakawa don cimma tsarin hasken da ake so.

4.5 Rage Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Derating) da Sarrafa Bugun Lantarki (Pulse Handling)

Lanƙwasa rage halin yanzu na gaba (derating) tana ba da umarnin matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba da aka yarda bisa zafin gindin solder. Yayin da zafin gindi ya tashi, matsakaicin halin yanzu mai aminci yana raguwa don hana wuce iyakar zafin haɗin gwiwa na 125°C. Teburin iyawar sarrafa bugun lantarki (pulse) yana ayyana matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini wanda LED zai iya jurewa na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin zagayowin aiki daban-daban, wanda ke da alaƙa da aikace-aikacen strobe ko sadarwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya, Marufi da Haɗawa

5.1 Girman Injiniya da Polarity

LED yana zuwa a cikin daidaitaccen marufin PLCC-6. Zanen injiniya (wanda aka nuna a cikin sashin 'Girman Injiniya') zai ba da madaidaicin ma'auni na tsayi, faɗi, da tsayi, tazarar jagora, da wurin cibiyar gani. Marufin ya haɗa da mai nuna polarity (yawanci notch ko kusurwa mai sassa) don tabbatar da daidaitaccen alkibla yayin haɗawa, kamar yadda LED ɗin diodes ne kuma suna ba da damar gudanar da halin yanzu ta hanya ɗaya kawai.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Solder da Aka Ba da Shawara

An ba da shafin gindin solder da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder da ingantaccen aikin zafi. Wannan ya haɗa da girman gindi don jagororin lantarki shida da gindin zafi na tsakiya (idan yana nan a cikin wannan bambance-bambancen marufi), wanda ke da mahimmanci don zubar da zafi. Bin wannan tsarin yana rage lahani na solder kuma yana tabbatar da hanyar juriya mai ƙarancin zafi zuwa PCB.

5.3 Bayanin Reflow Solder da Abubuwan Kariya

Takardar bayani ta ƙayyade bayanin reflow solder, tare da kololuwar zazzabi na 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 30. Yin bin wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don guje wa lalata marufin filastik ko haɗin wayoyi na ciki. Gabaɗaya abubuwan kariya don amfani sun haɗa da guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau, hana gurɓatawa, da kuma tabbatar da an adana na'urar a cikin yanayin matakin mai saukin danshi (MSL) 2 kafin amfani da ita don hana 'popcorning' yayin reflow.

5.4 Bayanin Marufi

Ana ba da LED ɗin akan tef da reel don haɗawa ta atomatik ta hanyar ɗauka da sanyawa. Bayanin marufi yana cikakken bayani game da girman reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da alkiblar abubuwan akan tef, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don shirya kayan aikin haɗawa.

6. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka a Zaman Ɗaki

6.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

An ƙera wannan LED musamman donhasken waje na mota. Babban haskensa da amincinsa sun sa ya zama mai kyau ga:

• Fitilun Tsayawa na Tsakiya (CHMSL):Yana buƙatar babban ƙarfi don ganuwa.
• Fitilun Wutsiya:Ana amfani da su don fitilun matsayi/ gudu.
• Fitilun Tsayawa:Yana buƙatar kunna nan take, sigina mai haske.

Cancantarsa na AEC-Q101, faɗin kewayon zazzabi, da ƙarfin sulfur suna tabbatar da cewa zai iya jurewa girgiza, zagayowar zafi, da bayyanar sinadarai da ake samu a cikin yanayin mota.

6.2 Muhimman Abubuwan Ɗauka a Zaman Ɗaki

Ƙirar Zazzabi:Babban abin da ke shafar tsawon rayuwar LED da aiki. Yi amfani da juriyar zafi (R_thJS) da lanƙwasa rage ƙarfi (derating) don ƙirar isasshen tsarin sarrafa zafi akan PCB, ta amfani da ramukan zafi (thermal vias) kuma mai yiyuwa allon ƙarfe-core don aikace-aikacen babban wutar lantarki.Da'irar Tuƙi:Don daidaitaccen haske da launi, tuƙi LED ɗin tare da tushen halin yanzu na yau da kullun maimakon ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun tare da resistor na jerin, musamman a cikin yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na mota (9-16V). Wannan yana ramawa gaV_Fbambanci da tasirin zazzabi.Ƙirar Gani:Kwanar kallo na digiri 120 ya dace da haskakawa na yanki mai faɗi. Ana iya buƙatar na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau, masu haskakawa) don siffanta hasken don takamaiman ayyuka kamar CHMSL.Kariya daga ESD:Duk da yake an ƙididdige shi a 8kV HBM, aiwatar da ainihin kariya daga ESD akan PCB aiki ne mai kyau yayin sarrafawa da haɗawa.

7. Daidaitawa da Ƙayyadaddun Muhalli

Samfurin ya bi wasu mahimman ƙa'idodin masana'antu:

• RoHS:Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari, yana tabbatar da ginin maras gubar.
• EU REACH:Rajista, Kimantawa, Izini da Ƙuntata Sinadarai.
• Ba tare da Halogen ba:Iyaka akan abun ciki na Bromine (Br) da Chlorine (Cl), masu mahimmanci saboda dalilai na muhalli da aminci.
• Ƙarfin Sulfur:Mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen mota inda iskar gas mai sulfur zata iya lalata abubuwan da aka lulluɓe da azurfa, wanda ke haifar da gazawa.

Wannan cikakken tarin daidaitawa yana sauƙaƙa haɗa wannan ɓangaren cikin samfuran da aka yi niyya ga kasuwanni na duniya, musamman maƙarƙashiyar sashin mota na Turai.

8. Bayanin Oda da Fassarar Lambar Bangare

Lambar bangare A09K-UR1501H-AM tana bin takamaiman ƙa'idar lamba. Duk da yake ana samun cikakken tsarin fassarar yawanci a cikin jagorar masana'anta, abubuwan gama gari sun haɗa da:

• A09K:Wataƙila lambar jerin ko iyali.
• U:Yana iya nuna nau'in marufi (misali, PLCC).
• R:Yawanci yana nuna launin Ja.
• 1501:Zai iya kasancewa da alaƙa da haske ko lambar aiki.
• H:Yana iya nuna bambance-bambancen babban haske.
• AM:Sau da yawa yana nufin Darajar Motoci ko takamaiman rukuni/sigari.

Sashin bayanin oda zai cikakken bayani game da rukunoni masu samuwa don ƙarfin haske da tsinkaya, yana ba masu ƙira damar ƙayyade ainihin halayen aikin da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacensu, yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin samarwa mai yawa.