Takardar Bayani na LTC-4727JF LED Display - Tsayin Lamba 0.4-inch - AlInGaP Yellow-Orange - Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba 2.6V - Ragewar Wutar 70mW - Takardun Fasaha na Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

LTC-4727JF wani na'ura ne mai nuna lambobi huɗu, mai sassa bakwai, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a fili da haske. Babban aikinsa shine nuna bayanan lambobi ta hanyar sassan LED masu sarrafa kansu waɗanda aka tsara a cikin tsari na sassa bakwai na al'ada, wanda aka maimaita a cikin wurare huɗu na haruffa. An ƙera na'urar don haɗawa cikin kwamitocin sarrafawa, kayan aikin ma'auni, kayan aikin gwaji, da na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci inda ake buƙatar nuna lambobi mai aminci da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

Babban fa'idar wannan na'urar nuni yana cikin amfani da kayan semiconductor na Aluminium Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) don guntu na LED. Wannan fasahar kayan tana da sanin samar da haske mai inganci a cikin bakan amber zuwa ja-orange, yana ba da ƙarfin haske mai girma da kyakkyawan gani ko da a cikin yanayi mai haske. Na'urar nuni tana da fuskar launin toka tare da alamun sassa fari, wanda ke haɓaka bambanci da karancin haruffa lokacin da LED ɗin ke haskakawa ko kashe.

Kasuwarmar da aka yi niyya ta haɗa da sarrafa masana'antu, na'urorin likitanci, sassan dashboard na mota (don aikace-aikacen bayan saye ko na musamman marasa mahimmanci), kayan aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, da na'urorin sayarwa. Ƙirar sa ta multiplexed common cathode ya sa ya dace musamman da tsarin da ke da microcontroller, saboda yana rage yawan filayen I/O da ake buƙata don sarrafa lambobi huɗu idan aka kwatanta da tsarin tuƙi na tsaye.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da na Gani

Aikin hoto shine tsakiyar aikin na'urar nuni. Babban siga, Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv), an ƙayyade shi da mafi ƙarancin 200 µcd, ƙimar al'ada na 650 µcd, da matsakaicin ƙarfin a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na wutar lantarki ta gaba (IF) na 10mA. Wannan kewayon yana nuna rarrabuwa ko binning don ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin matakin haske yayin barin aikin al'ada wanda ya fi sau uku girma. Ana daidaita ma'aunin ta amfani da tacewa wanda ke kusanta da lanƙwaran ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da cewa ƙimar tana da alaƙa da hangen nesa na ɗan adam.

Halayen launi an ƙayyade su ta hanyar tsawon raƙuman ruwa. Matsakaicin Tsawon Rana na Fitarwa (λp) yawanci 611 nm ne, yana sanya fitarwa a cikin yankin rawaya-orange na bakan gani. Tsawon Rana Mai Rinjaye (λd) shine 605 nm, wanda shine hangen launi guda ɗaya na idon ɗan adam. Kunkuntar Rabin Faɗin Bakan (Δλ) na 17 nm yana nuna launi mai tsafta, mai cike da ƙarancin yaduwa zuwa tsayin raƙuman ruwa na kusa. An ƙayyade Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken (Iv-m) a matsayin 2:1 mafi girma lokacin da aka auna shi da ƙaramin wutar lantarki na 1mA, wanda ke ayyana yiwuwar bambanci a cikin haske tsakanin sassa daban-daban a cikin na'ura guda don tabbatar da kamanni iri ɗaya.

2.2 Ƙimar Wutar Lantarki da Zafin Jiki

Matsakaicin Ƙimar Cikakke yana ayyana iyakokin aiki waɗanda ba za a wuce su ba don hana lalacewa na dindindin. Ci gaba da Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba kowane sashe an ƙididdige shi da 25 mA a 25°C, tare da ƙimar ragewa na 0.33 mA/°C. Wannan yana nufin cewa wutar lantarki mai ci gaba da izini tana raguwa a layi daya yayin da yanayin yanayi (Ta) ya tashi sama da 25°C don kiyaye yanayin haɗin gwiwa mai aminci. Don aikin pulsed, ana ba da izinin mafi girman Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba na 90 mA a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki 1/10 tare da faɗin bugun jini na 0.1ms, mai amfani ga tsare-tsaren multiplexing don cimma mafi girman haske.

Ragewar Wutar Lantarki kowane sashe an iyakance shi zuwa 70 mW. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (VF) kowane sashe a ƙarƙashin gwajin wutar lantarki na 20mA yana da ƙimar al'ada na 2.6V da matsakaicin 2.6V (tare da mafi ƙarancin 2.05V da aka nuna ta hanyar kewayon). Wannan ƙimar Vf tana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance wutar lantarki. Ƙaramin ƙimar Ƙarfin Wutar Juya baya na 5V kowane sashe yana nuna buƙatar kariya daga kuskuren juya baya. An ƙayyade Kewayon Zafin Jiki na Aiki da Ajiya daga -35°C zuwa +85°C, yana nuna ƙarfi ga yanayi iri-iri.

3. Tsarin Binning da Rarrabuwa

Takardar bayani ta bayyana a sarari cewa na'urar "An Rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken." Wannan yana nuna tsarin binning na samarwa inda ake rarraba raka'a bisa ga ƙimar hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen gwajin wutar lantarki. Duk da cewa ba a bayyana takamaiman lambobin kwandon a cikin wannan ɓangaren ba, irin wannan tsarin yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar na'urori masu nuni tare da matakan haske masu daidaito don aikace-aikace ko a cikin raka'a da yawa a cikin samfur guda, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani. Matsakaicin daidaitawar ƙarfin haske na 2:1 yana ƙara goyan bayan wannan buƙatar daidaito a cikin na'ura guda.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwaran Aiki

Duk da cewa ba a bayyana takamaiman zane-zane a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, sashin "Lanƙwaran Halayen Lantarki / Na Gani na Al'ada" yana nuna kasancewar zane-zane na yau da kullun masu mahimmanci don ƙira. Waɗannan galibi sun haɗa da:

• Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Wutar Gaba (Lanƙwaran I-V):Wannan zanen yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi tsakanin wutar lantarki a kan LED da wutar lantarki da ke gudana ta cikinta. Yana da mahimmanci don tantance wutar lantarki da ake buƙata da kuma ƙirar direbobi masu wutar lantarki akai-akai.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba (Lanƙwaran I-Lv):Wannan zanen yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa da wutar lantarki. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a cikin kewayon amma zai cika a manyan wutar lantarki. Wannan lanƙwasa yana taimakawa inganta ciniki tsakanin haske da amfani da wutar lantarki / inganci.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Wannan lanƙwasa yana nuna rage fitar da haske yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa. LED na AlInGaP yawanci suna fuskantar raguwar inganci tare da hawan zafin jiki, wanda dole ne a yi la'akari da shi a cikin sarrafa zafin jiki da da'irori na ramawa haske.
• Rarraba Bakan:Zanen ƙarfin dangi da tsawon raƙuman ruwa, yana nuna kololuwa a ~611 nm da kunkuntar rabin faɗi, yana tabbatar da tsaftar launi.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin

Kunshin ɗin tsari ne na al'ada na biyu a cikin layi (DIP) wanda ya dace da hawan PCB ta hanyar rami. Zanen "Girman Kunshin" (ba a nuna shi a nan ba) zai ba da zane-zane na injiniya masu mahimmanci ciki har da tsayin gabaɗaya, faɗi, da tsayi, tazarar lamba zuwa lamba, girman sashe, da matsayi da diamita na fil. Za a kuma ƙayyade filin zama da girman ramukan PCB da aka ba da shawarar. An lura da ƙimar ƙima a matsayin ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an faɗi akasin haka, wanda shine ma'auni don irin wannan ɓangaren. Fuskar launin toka da alamun sassa fari wani ɓangare ne na ƙirar kunshin don haɓaka bambanci.

6. Haɗin Fil da Da'irar Ciki

Tsarin fil yana da mahimmanci don haɗin kai daidai. LTC-4727JF yana amfani da gine-ginen multiplexed common cathode. Wannan yana nufin cewa cathodes (tashoshi marasa kyau) na duk LED ɗin a cikin lamba ɗaya an haɗa su tare a ciki, suna samar da node gama gari don wannan lambar (fil 1, 2, 6, 8 don lambobi 1, 2, 3, 4 bi da bi). Anodes (tashoshi masu kyau) don kowane nau'in sashe (A zuwa G, da DP don maki goma) an haɗa su tare a cikin dukkan lambobi huɗu. Bugu da ƙari, akwai cathodes gama gari daban-daban don sassan colon na gefen hagu (L1, L2, L3 akan fil 4).

Don haskaka takamaiman sashe akan takamaiman lamba, dole ne a tuƙi filin anode na sashen da ya dace sama (tare da iyakance wutar lantarki da ya dace), yayin da filin cathode na lambar da aka yi niyya aka tuƙa ƙasa (a jefa shi ƙasa). Ta hanyar saurin kewayawa (multiplexing) ta kowane cathode na lamba yayin gabatar da daidaitaccen tsarin anode don lambar da ake so, duk lambobi huɗu za su iya bayyana suna ci gaba da haskakawa. Wannan hanyar tana buƙatar filayen anode 8 (sassa 7 + 1 DP) + filayen cathode na lamba 4 + filin cathode na colon 1 = layukan sarrafa 13, maimakon layukan 32 (sassa 8 x lambobi 4) da ake buƙata don tuƙi na tsaye.

7. Jagororin Solder da Taro

Takardar bayani tana ba da siga mai mahimmanci na solder: matsakaicin zafin jiki na solder da aka yarda shine 260°C na tsawon lokaci na 3 seconds, wanda aka auna a 1.6mm ƙasa da filin zama. Wannan shine jagorar bayanin martaba na igiyar ruwa ko reflow solder da aka yi niyya don hana lalacewar zafi ga guntu na LED, kunshin filastik, da haɗin waya na ciki. Wucewa waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da raguwar fitar da haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar bala'i. Ya kamata a bi hanyoyin sarrafa ESD (Fitarwa na Lantarki na Lantarki) yayin taro, saboda LED suna da hankali ga lantarki.

8. Shawarwarin Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

• Multimeters na Lambobi & Kayan Aikin Bench:Samar da karatu masu haske na wutar lantarki, wutar lantarki, juriya, da sauransu.
• Ƙididdiga/Lambobi na Masana'antu:Nuna lokacin da ya wuce, ƙididdigar samarwa, ko saiti.
• Ma'auni na Bayan Sayen Mota:Kamar tachometers, voltmeters, ko kwamfutocin tafiya.
• Na'urorin Sa ido na Likita:Don nuna sigogi masu mahimmanci kamar bugun zuciya (inda za a iya buƙatar takamaiman izini).
• Kayan Aikin Mabukaci:Firiji na microwave, injunan wanki, ko nuni na kayan aikin sauti.

8.2 La'akari da Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi:Yi amfani da direbobi masu wutar lantarki akai-akai ko masu iyakance wutar lantarki na jerin don kowane layin anode. Ƙididdige ƙimar resistor bisa ga wutar lantarki (Vcc), matsakaicin wutar lantarki ta gaba na LED (Vf ~2.6V), da wutar lantarki da ake so (misali, 10-20 mA).
• Mita Multiplexing:Aiwatar da tsarin multiplexing a cikin microcontroller mai sarrafawa. Ana ba da shawarar ƙimar sabunta aƙalla 100 Hz kowane lamba (matsakaicin ƙimar dubawa 400 Hz) don guje wa flicker da ake iya gani.
• Nutsewar Wutar Lantarki:Tabbatar da cewa filayen tashar microcontroller ko direbobi na waje (kamar jerin transistor ko takamaiman IC na direban LED) zasu iya nutse da haɗin wutar lantarki na cathode don cikakken hasken lamba (misali, sassa 8 * 20 mA = 160 mA).
• Kusurwar Dubawa:Faɗin kusurwar dubawa yana da amfani amma yi la'akari da matsayin hawan ƙarshe dangane da mai amfani.
• Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:Ku bi lanƙwaran rage wutar lantarki a manyan yanayin zafi. Tabbatar da isasshen iska idan an yi amfani da shi a cikin wurare masu rufi.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar daidaitattun LED ja na GaAsP (Gallium Arsenide Phosphide), kayan AlInGaP a cikin LTC-4727JF yana ba da ingantaccen inganci na haske sosai, yana haifar da nuni masu haske don wutar lantarki iri ɗaya. Idan aka kwatanta da madadin zamani, launinsa na rawaya-orange (605-611 nm) na iya ba da kyakkyawar hangen nesa da ƙarancin gajiyar ido a wasu yanayi idan aka kwatanta da ja mai zurfi, kuma yana iya zama mafi inganci fiye da wasu LED kore na farko. Ƙirar multiplexed common cathode tsari ne na al'ada amma mai inganci don na'urori masu nuni da yawa, yana bambanta shi da modules tare da haɗaɗɗun guntu na direba ko hanyoyin haɗin kai, waɗanda ke ba da sarrafawa mai sauƙi a farashi mai yuwuwa.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Menene manufar "No Connection" da "No Pin" akan pinout?

A: Filayen "No Connection" (NC) suna nan a zahiri amma ba a haɗa su da lantarki a ciki. Suna ba da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin solder. "No Pin" yana nufin cewa an bar filin zahiri daga kunshin a wannan matsayi, al'ada ce ta nuna alkibla ko don dacewa da daidaitaccen sawun ƙafa.

Q: Ta yaya zan cimma matsakaicin haske na 650 µcd?

A: Yi amfani da LED ɗin a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji na IF=10mA kowane sashe. Yi amfani da Vf na al'ada na 2.6V don ƙididdige resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki da ake buƙata: R = (Vcc - Vf) / IF. Don samar da 5V, R = (5 - 2.6) / 0.01 = 240 Ohms.

Q: Zan iya tuƙa shi da samar da microcontroller na 3.3V?

A: Mai yiwuwa, amma a hankali. Vf na al'ada shine 2.6V, yana barin 0.7V kawai don resistor mai iyakance wutar lantarki. A 10mA, wannan yana buƙatar resistor 70-ohm. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki da ake da shi yana da ƙasa sosai, kuma bambance-bambancen Vf na iya haifar da canje-canje masu yawa na wutar lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar direba mai wutar lantarki akai-akai ko samar da wutar lantarki don LED don aiki mai ƙarfi daga 3.3V.

Q: Menene ma'anar "multiplex common cathode" ga software na?

A> Dole ne software ɗin ku ya sabunta nuni akai-akai. Ya kamata ya saita tsarin anodes don lambar da ake so, kunna (ƙasa) cathode don lamba ɗaya, jira ɗan gajeren lokaci (misali, 2.5ms don sabunta 100Hz/lamba), sannan a kashe wannan cathode, matsawa zuwa tsarin lamba ta gaba da cathode, kuma a maimaita a cikin madauki.

11. Misalin Ƙira da Amfani na Aiki

Harka: Ƙirar Ƙididdiga Mai Sauƙi na Lambobi 4 tare da Arduino.

Abubuwan: Arduino Uno, LTC-4727JF, resistors 220Ω takwas, jerin ULN2003 Darlington ɗaya (ko direba mai kama da 7-channel).

Haɗin kai: Haɗa filayen anode 8 (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, DP) zuwa filayen lambobi na Arduino D2-D9 ta hanyar resistors masu iyakance wutar lantarki 220Ω guda ɗaya. Haɗa filayen cathode na lamba 4 (1, 2, 6, 8) zuwa tashoshi 4 na fitarwa na ULN2003, waɗanda aka haɗa shigoginsu zuwa filayen Arduino D10-D13. ULN2003 yana aiki azaman nutsewa don wutar lantarki na cathode. Haɗa cathode na colon (fil 4) idan an buƙata.

Software: Lambar Arduino za ta ayyana tsarin sassa don lambobi 0-9. A cikin babban madauki, aikin multiplexing zai zagaya ta lambobi 1 zuwa 4. Ga kowane lamba, zai 1) saita tsarin anode don ƙimar lambar, 2) kunna tashar ULN2003 da ta dace (yana jefa wannan cathode ƙasa), 3) jinkiri na 2-3ms, 4) kashe wannan tashar cathode, sannan a maimaita don lamba ta gaba. Wannan yana haifar da nuni mai ƙarfi, mara flicker na lamba 4 da aka adana a cikin mai canji.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Tushen ka'idar ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin haɗin gwiwar p-n semiconductor. Guntun AlInGaP ya ƙunshi yadudduka na aluminium, indium, gallium, da mahadi na phosphide waɗanda aka girma akan substrate na Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) mara ganuwa. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki ta gaba wacce ta wuce kofa na diode (kusan 2V), electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan sake haɗuwa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman makamashin bandgap na gawa na AlInGaP yana ƙayyade tsawon raƙuman ruwa na photons da aka fitar, wanda a wannan yanayin yana cikin kewayon rawaya-orange (~605-611 nm). Kowane ɗayan sassa bakwai yana ƙunshe da ɗaya ko fiye da waɗannan guntu na LED. Da'irar multiplexing hanya ce ta sarrafa lantarki na waje, ba ka'idar ciki na LED kanta ba.

13. Trends na Fasaha da Mahallin

Fasahar AlInGaP, lokacin da aka buga wannan takardar bayani (2000), ta wakilci ci gaba mai mahimmanci akan tsofaffin kayan LED na launuka ja, orange, da rawaya, yana ba da inganci da haske mafi girma. Trends a cikin modules na nuni tun daga lokacin ya matsa zuwa kunshin na'urar hawa saman (SMD) don haɗawa ta atomatik, mafi girman yawan lambobi (ƙarin lambobi a cikin sarari ɗaya), da haɗa guntu na direba mai hankali a cikin module wanda ke sarrafa multiplexing, decoding, har ma da sadarwa ta hanyoyin kamar I2C ko SPI. Bugu da ƙari, amfani da cikakken launi na RGB LED da Organic LED (OLED) ko fasahar nuni na ruwa mai ruwa (LCD) ya faɗaɗa zaɓuɓɓuka don nuni na haruffa da na hoto. Duk da haka, sauƙi, ƙarfi, ƙarancin farashi, manyan hasken LED na sassa bakwai kamar LTC-4727JF sun kasance ingantaccen mafita mai aminci don aikace-aikacen nuni na lambobi na musamman inda ba a buƙatar canjin launi, suna nuna ƙimar ƙirar ɓangaren da aka mai da hankali.