Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayanin Samfur
- 1.1 Muhimman Siffofi
- 1.2 Gano Na'ura
- 2. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
- 3. Tsarin Lantarki da Pinout
- 3.1 Zanen Da'irar Ciki
- 3.2 Cikakkun Bayanan Haɗin Pin
- 4. Ƙima da Halaye
- 4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙima
- Waɗannan su ne mahimman sigogin aiki a Ta=25°C, waɗanda ke ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin amfani na yau da kullun.
- Yayin da ba a bayar da takamaiman bayanan lanƙwasa a cikin ɓangaren da aka cire ba, matsakaicin lanƙwasa don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da:
- 5.1 Bayanan Aikace-aikace na Gabaɗaya
- Wannan nuni an yi niyya ne don daidaitattun kayan lantarki na kasuwanci da masana'antu. Don aikace-aikacen da ke da buƙatun aminci na musamman ko inda gazawar zai iya haifar da haɗari, shawara wajibi ne kafin ƙira. Bin cikakkun ƙimar ƙima yana da mahimmanci don guje wa lalacewa. Wucewa da ƙarfuna masu tuƙi ko yanayin aiki zai hanzarta lalacewar fitarwa na haske kuma zai iya haifar da gazawar da ba ta daɗe ba. Da'irar tuƙi dole ne ta haɗa da kariya daga ƙarfin baya da ƙararraki na wucin gadi yayin zagayowar wutar lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar tsarin tuƙi mai ƙarfi na yau da kullun akan ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na ƙarfin haske ba tare da la'akari da bambancin ƙarfin gaba ba. Dole ne a ƙera da'irar don ɗaukar cikakken kewayon VF (2.0V zuwa 2.6V) don tabbatar da cewa an isar da ƙarfin da aka yi niyya zuwa dukkan sassa.
- Dole ne a zaɓi ƙarfin aiki mai aminci bisa ga matsakaicin yanayin yanayi da ake tsammani, yana amfani da ƙayyadadden ƙimar ragewa na 0.33 mA/°C sama da 25°C. Dole ne a guje wa baya mai ƙarfi sosai a cikin ƙirar da'ira, saboda zai iya haifar da ƙaura na ƙarfe a cikin guntu LED, yana ƙara ƙarfin ɓarna ko haifar da gajeren da'ira. Masu zane su aiwatar da resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki ko ƙwararrun IC masu tuƙi na LED waɗanda aka saita don multiplexing na cathode gama gari. Ya kamata a guji saurin canjin yanayin yanayi, musamman a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano saboda suna iya haifar da ɗanɗano akan nuni, wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin lantarki ko na gani.
- Yayin haɗawa, guji amfani da ƙarfi mara kyau ga jikin nuni. Idan an yi amfani da fim ɗin ado ko tacewa ta amfani da manne mai matsa lamba, ba a ba da shawarar barin wannan fim ɗin ya yi hulɗa kai tsaye, matsewa tare da allon gaba ba, saboda ƙarfin waje zai iya sa shi canza. Don aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da nuni biyu ko fiye a cikin saiti ɗaya, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da nuni daga kwandon ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya don hana bambance-bambancen haske ko launi a tsakanin raka'a. Idan samfurin ƙarshe yana buƙatar nuni don jurewa gwajin faɗuwa ko girgiza, ya kamata a kimanta takamaiman yanayin gwaji a gaba don tabbatar da dacewa.
- Don kiyaye iyawar solder da aiki, ya kamata a adana nuni na LED a cikin ainihin kunshinsu na shinge na ɗanɗano a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa: zafin jiki tsakanin 5°C da 30°C, da ɗanɗano dangi ƙasa da 60%. Dogon ajiya a waje da waɗannan yanayi, ko tare da buɗe jakar shinge na ɗanɗano fiye da watanni shida, na iya haifar da oxidize na fil. Ana ba da shawarar sarrafa kayan ajiya don guje wa ajiyar lokaci mai tsawo da kuma cinye samfuran cikin lokaci. Idan ana zargin oxidize, ƙila ya zama dole a sake yin tin na fil kafin amfani.
- LTC-4727JR ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don fitar da super red. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LEDs ja na GaAsP ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da haske mafi girma don ƙarfin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Haɗin fuskar launin toka/sassa fari yana ba da bambanci mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da nuni tare da fuskoki masu watsewa ko launi. Ƙirar cathode gama gari mai yawa tsari ne na yau da kullun amma mai inganci don nuni mai lambobi da yawa, yana rage farashin tsarin da rikitarwa. Girman lambobinsa na 0.4-inch yana sanya shi tsakanin ƙananan alamomi da manyan nuni na panel, yana mai da shi cikakke don kayan aiki inda ake buƙatar karanta bayanai daga matsakaicin nisa.
- Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi da tsayin tsayi?
- Yanayi: Ƙirar nuni na benchtop digital multimeter.
1. Bayanin Samfur
LTC-4727JR wani na'ura ce mai nuni LED mai lambobi huɗu, sassa bakwai, wanda aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar karanta lambobi a fili da haske. Tare da tsawon lambobi na 0.4 inches (10.0 mm), tana ba da ingantacciyar karatu daga nesa. Na'urar tana amfani da fasahar semiconductor na AlInGaP (Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide) don samar da fitar da launin ja mai ƙarfi. Wannan tsarin kayan, wanda aka girma akan GaAs substrate marar gani, sananne ne saboda ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali. Nuni yana da fuskar launin toka da sassa fari, waɗanda ke aiki tare don samar da bambanci mai girma, suna haɓaka karatun haruffa a ƙarƙashin yanayin haske daban-daban. Kasuwowar sa na farko sun haɗa da kayan sarrafa masana'antu, kayan aikin gwaji da aunawa, tsarin tallace-tallace, da sauran na'urorin lantarki inda nuni mai haske da amintacce ya zama mahimmanci.
1.1 Muhimman Siffofi
- Tsawon Lambobi 0.4-inch (10.0mm):Yana ba da manyan haruffa masu sauƙin karantawa.
- Sassa Masu Ci Gaba daidai:Yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen bayyanar gani na ƙwararru ba tare da gibi ko rashin daidaituwa a cikin sassan da aka haskaka ba.
- Ƙarancin Bukatar Wutar Lantarki:Zane mai inganci wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da baturi ko masu kula da makamashi.
- Kyakkyawan Bayyanar Haruffa:Bambanci mai girma tsakanin fuskar launin toka da sassa fari yana ba da lambobi masu kaifi, da aka ƙayyade sosai.
- Hasken Hasken Gaba & Bambanci Mai Girma:Guntuwan AlInGaP suna samar da hasken ja mai ƙarfi, wanda ake iya gani ko da a cikin wurare masu haske.
- Faɗin Kallon Kallo:Yana ba da damar karanta nuni a fili daga wurare da yawa.
- Amincin Tsarin Ƙwaƙwalwa:LEDs suna ba da dogon rayuwar aiki, juriya ga girgiza, da jurewar girgiza idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohin nuni.
- An Rarraba don Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken:Ana rarraba na'urori don daidaitattun matakan haske, suna taimakawa wajen aikace-aikacen nuni da yawa.
- Kunshin Maras Gubar (Yarjejeniyar RoHS):An ƙera shi daidai da ƙa'idodin muhalli waɗanda ke hana abubuwa masu haɗari.
1.2 Gano Na'ura
Lambar sashi LTC-4727JR ta musamman tana nuna nuni na cathode gama gari mai yawa tare da LEDs super red na AlInGaP da tsarin maki goma na hannun dama. Wannan tsarin suna yana taimaka wa masu zane su gano saurin tsarin lantarki da halayen gani na kayan aiki.
2. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
Girman jiki na LTC-4727JR yana da mahimmanci don haɗawa daidai cikin ƙirar samfur na ƙarshe. Kunshin shine nau'in rami na yau da kullun tare da filaye don ɗora akan allon da'ira (PCB). Duk manyan girmansu ana bayar da su a cikin milimita, tare da juzu'i na gabaɗaya na ±0.25 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade. Muhimman bayanan injiniya sun haɗa da izini don canjin ƙarshen fil, iyakoki akan kayan waje ko gurɓataccen tawada a saman sashe, da matsakaicin girman kumfa da aka yarda a cikin yankin sashe. Ana iya yarda da ɗan lanƙwasa mai nuni har zuwa 1% na tsawonsa. Don mafi kyawun dacewar injiniya da haɗin gwiwar gwanjo mai aminci, ana ba da shawarar diamita ramin PCB na 0.9 mm don filayen nuni.
3. Tsarin Lantarki da Pinout
3.1 Zanen Da'irar Ciki
LTC-4727JR yana amfani da gine-ginen cathode gama gari mai yawa. Wannan yana nufin cewa an haɗa cathodes na LEDs na kowane lambobi tare a ciki, yayin da anodes na kowane sashe (A zuwa G, da DP) aka raba a cikin dukkan lambobi huɗu. Wannan ƙirar tana rage yawan filaye masu tuƙi da ake buƙata daga 32 (lambobi 4 * sassa 8) zuwa 12 kawai, yana mai da shi mai inganci sosai don haɗin microcontroller.
3.2 Cikakkun Bayanan Haɗin Pin
Kunshin biyu a cikin layi mai fil 16 yana da ayyukan fil kamar haka:
Pin 1: Cathode Gama Gari don Lamba 1
Pin 2: Cathode Gama Gari don Lamba 2
Pin 3: Anode don Sashe D
Pin 4: Cathode Gama Gari don Sassa L1, L2, L3 (mai yiyuwa don kolon ko sauran alamomi)
Pin 5: Anode don Sashe E
Pin 6: Cathode Gama Gari don Lamba 3
Pin 7: Anode don Maki Goma (DP)
Pin 8: Cathode Gama Gari don Lamba 4
Pin 9: Babu Haɗi
Pin 10: Babu Pin
Pin 11: Anode don Sashe F
Pin 12: Babu Pin
Pin 13: Anode don Sashe C da L3
Pin 14: Anode don Sashe A da L1
Pin 15: Anode don Sashe G
Pin 16: Anode don Sashe B da L2
Fil 9, 10, da 12 ba a haɗa su ba ko kuma sun ɓace, wanda ake yi a cikin pinout na nuni don daidaita girman kunshin.
4. Ƙima da Halaye
4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙimar Ƙima
Waɗannan ƙimar suna ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewar dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. An ƙayyade su a yanayin zafin jiki (Ta) na 25°C.
Rushewar Wutar Lantarki kowane Sashe:Matsakaicin 70 mW.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Gaba kowane Sashe:90 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin haƙuri, faɗin bugun jini 0.1 ms). Wannan ƙimar don taƙaitaccen, multiplexing mai ƙarfi.
Ci Gaba da Ƙarfin Gaba kowane Sashe:25 mA a 25°C. Dole ne a rage wannan ƙarfin ta hanyar layi ta 0.33 mA ga kowane digiri Celsius sama da 25°C don hana yin zafi sosai.
Yanayin Aiki & Ma'ajiyar Zafin Jiki:-35°C zuwa +85°C.
Yanayin Solder:4.2 Halayen Lantarki da Na Gani
Waɗannan su ne mahimman sigogin aiki a Ta=25°C, waɗanda ke ayyana aikin na'urar a ƙarƙashin amfani na yau da kullun.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken (Iv):
Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 320 µcd zuwa na yau da kullun 975 µcd kowane sashe lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da ƙarfin gaba (IF) na 1 mA. Wannan babban haske siffa ce mai mahimmanci.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λp):
639 nm, yana sanya fitarwa a cikin yankin super red na bakan.Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):
20 nm, yana nuna tsaftar bakan na hasken da aka fitar.Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon (λd):
631 nm, tare da ƙaramin juzu'i na ±1 nm, yana tabbatar da daidaitaccen fitarwa na launi a cikin raka'a.Ƙarfin Gaba kowane Guntu (VF):
Yawanci 2.6V a IF=20 mA, tare da kewayon daga 2.0V zuwa 2.6V da juzu'i na ±0.1V. Wannan siga yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar tuƙi.Ƙarfin Baya kowane Sashe (IR):
Matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin baya (VR) na 5V. Lura cewa wannan yanayin gwaji ne; an haramta aikin baya na ci gaba.Matsakaicin Daidaitawar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken:
Matsakaicin 2:1 don LEDs a cikin yankuna masu haske iri ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa mafi haske sashe a cikin nuni ba zai fi haske sau biyu fiye da mafi duhu ba, yana tabbatar da daidaito.Ƙayyadaddun Magana:
≤ 2.5%, yana rage hasken da ba a zaɓa ba na sassan da ba a zaɓa ba yayin multiplexing.4.3 Bincike na Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Aiki
Yayin da ba a bayar da takamaiman bayanan lanƙwasa a cikin ɓangaren da aka cire ba, matsakaicin lanƙwasa don irin wannan na'urar zai haɗa da:
Ƙarfin Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):
Yana nuna alaƙar ma'auni, mai mahimmanci don ƙayyade ƙarfin tuƙi da ake buƙata don ƙarfin da aka yi niyya. Lanƙwasa zai canza tare da zafin jiki.Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken vs. Ƙarfin Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-L):
Yana nuna yadda fitarwa na haske ke ƙaruwa tare da ƙarfin lantarki, yawanci a cikin alaƙar kusa da layi a cikin kewayon aiki, kafin inganci ya faɗi a ƙarfin lantarki mai girma sosai.Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:
Yana nuna rage fitarwa na haske yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya ƙaru. LEDs na AlInGaP gabaɗaya suna nuna kyakkyawan aikin zafi mai girma idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahohi.Rarraba Bakan:
Graf da ke tsara ƙarfin dangi akan tsawon tsayi, mai tsakiya a kusa da 639 nm tare da rabin faɗin 20 nm, yana tabbatar da wurin launin ja super.5. Jagororin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ƙira
5.1 Bayanan Aikace-aikace na Gabaɗaya
Wannan nuni an yi niyya ne don daidaitattun kayan lantarki na kasuwanci da masana'antu. Don aikace-aikacen da ke da buƙatun aminci na musamman ko inda gazawar zai iya haifar da haɗari, shawara wajibi ne kafin ƙira. Bin cikakkun ƙimar ƙima yana da mahimmanci don guje wa lalacewa. Wucewa da ƙarfuna masu tuƙi ko yanayin aiki zai hanzarta lalacewar fitarwa na haske kuma zai iya haifar da gazawar da ba ta daɗe ba. Da'irar tuƙi dole ne ta haɗa da kariya daga ƙarfin baya da ƙararraki na wucin gadi yayin zagayowar wutar lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar tsarin tuƙi mai ƙarfi na yau da kullun akan ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na ƙarfin haske ba tare da la'akari da bambancin ƙarfin gaba ba. Dole ne a ƙera da'irar don ɗaukar cikakken kewayon VF (2.0V zuwa 2.6V) don tabbatar da cewa an isar da ƙarfin da aka yi niyya zuwa dukkan sassa.
5.2 Ƙirar Da'ira da Gudanar da Zafin Jiki
Dole ne a zaɓi ƙarfin aiki mai aminci bisa ga matsakaicin yanayin yanayi da ake tsammani, yana amfani da ƙayyadadden ƙimar ragewa na 0.33 mA/°C sama da 25°C. Dole ne a guje wa baya mai ƙarfi sosai a cikin ƙirar da'ira, saboda zai iya haifar da ƙaura na ƙarfe a cikin guntu LED, yana ƙara ƙarfin ɓarna ko haifar da gajeren da'ira. Masu zane su aiwatar da resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki ko ƙwararrun IC masu tuƙi na LED waɗanda aka saita don multiplexing na cathode gama gari. Ya kamata a guji saurin canjin yanayin yanayi, musamman a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano saboda suna iya haifar da ɗanɗano akan nuni, wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin lantarki ko na gani.
5.3 Abubuwan Injiniya da Haɗawa
Yayin haɗawa, guji amfani da ƙarfi mara kyau ga jikin nuni. Idan an yi amfani da fim ɗin ado ko tacewa ta amfani da manne mai matsa lamba, ba a ba da shawarar barin wannan fim ɗin ya yi hulɗa kai tsaye, matsewa tare da allon gaba ba, saboda ƙarfin waje zai iya sa shi canza. Don aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da nuni biyu ko fiye a cikin saiti ɗaya, ana ba da shawarar sosai don amfani da nuni daga kwandon ƙarfin haske iri ɗaya don hana bambance-bambancen haske ko launi a tsakanin raka'a. Idan samfurin ƙarshe yana buƙatar nuni don jurewa gwajin faɗuwa ko girgiza, ya kamata a kimanta takamaiman yanayin gwaji a gaba don tabbatar da dacewa.
6. Ajiya da Gudanarwa
Don kiyaye iyawar solder da aiki, ya kamata a adana nuni na LED a cikin ainihin kunshinsu na shinge na ɗanɗano a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa: zafin jiki tsakanin 5°C da 30°C, da ɗanɗano dangi ƙasa da 60%. Dogon ajiya a waje da waɗannan yanayi, ko tare da buɗe jakar shinge na ɗanɗano fiye da watanni shida, na iya haifar da oxidize na fil. Ana ba da shawarar sarrafa kayan ajiya don guje wa ajiyar lokaci mai tsawo da kuma cinye samfuran cikin lokaci. Idan ana zargin oxidize, ƙila ya zama dole a sake yin tin na fil kafin amfani.
7. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance
LTC-4727JR ya bambanta kansa ta hanyar amfani da fasahar AlInGaP don fitar da super red. Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin LEDs ja na GaAsP ko GaP, AlInGaP yana ba da ingantacciyar inganci mai haske sosai, yana haifar da haske mafi girma don ƙarfin tuƙi iri ɗaya. Haɗin fuskar launin toka/sassa fari yana ba da bambanci mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da nuni tare da fuskoki masu watsewa ko launi. Ƙirar cathode gama gari mai yawa tsari ne na yau da kullun amma mai inganci don nuni mai lambobi da yawa, yana rage farashin tsarin da rikitarwa. Girman lambobinsa na 0.4-inch yana sanya shi tsakanin ƙananan alamomi da manyan nuni na panel, yana mai da shi cikakke don kayan aiki inda ake buƙatar karanta bayanai daga matsakaicin nisa.
8. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)
Q: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi da tsayin tsayi?
A: Tsawon tsayi (λp) shine tsayin tsayin da bakan fitarwa yake da ƙarfinsa mafi girma (639 nm). Tsawon tsayi (λd) shine tsayin tsayi guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai dace da launin da ake gani na LED (631 nm). λd ya fi dacewa don ƙayyadaddun launi.
Q: Me yasa ake ba da shawarar tuƙi mai ƙarfi na yau da kullun?
A: Hasken LED da farko aiki ne na ƙarfin lantarki, ba ƙarfin lantarki ba. Ƙarfin gaba (VF) na iya bambanta daga raka'a zuwa raka'a kuma tare da zafin jiki. Tushen ƙarfin lantarki na yau da kullun yana tabbatar da cewa an cimma ƙarfin haske da ake so akai-akai, ba tare da la'akari da waɗannan bambance-bambancen VF ba.
Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige resistor na jerin don wannan nuni idan ba na amfani da ƙwararrun IC mai tuƙi ba?
A: Don sauƙaƙan tuƙi na tsaye (ba multiplexed ba), yi amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (Vsupply - VF_total) / IF. VF_total jimlar ƙarfin gaba ne don sassan da aka haɗa a jere (idan akwai). Zaɓi IF a cikin ƙimar ci gaba (misali, 10-20 mA) kuma tabbatar da cewa ɓarnar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor yana karɓuwa. Don tuƙi masu yawa, yi amfani da ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki mai girma da aikin haƙuri don ƙididdige matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki.
Q: Menene ma'anar "an rarraba don ƙarfin haske"?
A: Yayin masana'anta, ana gwada nuni da rarraba su (kwantena) bisa ga aunannensu na fitarwa na haske a daidaitaccen gwajin ƙarfin lantarki. Wannan yana ba masu zane damar siyan raka'a daga kwandon haske iri ɗaya, yana tabbatar da daidaiton gani lokacin da ake amfani da nuni da yawa a gefe.
9. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani
Yanayi: Ƙirar nuni na benchtop digital multimeter.
LTC-4727JR kyakkyawan ɗan takara ne. Lambobinsa na 0.4-inch suna ba da karatu a fili akan teburin aiki. Mai zane zai yi amfani da microcontroller tare da isassun filaye na I/O don tuƙa cathodes gama gari huɗu da anodes na sassa 7-8 ta hanyar multiplexed na rarraba lokaci. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da faɗaɗa tashar tuƙi na LED na musamman don cire wannan aiki daga MCU. Da'irar za ta haɗa da resistors masu iyakance ƙarfin lantarki akan kowane layin anode na sashe. Za a zaɓi ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki (misali, 15 mA) don samar da isasshen haske yayin da yake tsaye a cikin iyakokin da aka rage don yawan zafin rufin ciki da ake tsammani (misali, 50°C). Launin ja super yana da sauƙi a kan idanu don kallon dogon lokaci. Za a yi taka-tsan-tsan a cikin shimfidar PCB don sanya nuni nesa da manyan tushen zafi kamar masu sarrafa ƙarfin lantarki. Za a yi amfani da wadataccen wutar lantarki mai tacewa, mai tsayayye don guje wa ƙararraki. A ƙarshe, za a iya sanya tace mai tsaka-tsaki ko taga mai hana haske a kan nuni don haɓaka bambanci a cikin hasken dakin gwaje-gwaje mai haske, tare da kula kada a yi amfani da matsin lamba wanda zai iya canza fim ɗin ado idan an yi amfani da shi.
The LTC-4727JR is an excellent candidate. Its 0.4-inch digits provide clear readability on a workbench. The designer would use a microcontroller with sufficient I/O pins to drive the four common cathodes and the 7-8 segment anodes in a time-division multiplexed manner. A dedicated LED driver port expander could also be used to offload this task from the MCU. The circuit would include current-limiting resistors on each segment anode line. The current value would be chosen (e.g., 15 mA) to provide ample brightness while staying within the derated limits for the expected maximum internal enclosure temperature (e.g., 50°C). The super red color is easy on the eyes for prolonged viewing. Care would be taken in the PCB layout to place the display away from major heat sources like voltage regulators. A filtered, stable power supply would be used to avoid voltage spikes. Finally, a neutral density filter or anti-glare window might be placed over the display to enhance contrast in bright lab lighting, taking care not to apply pressure that could shift a decorative film if used.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |