Bayanin Fasaha na LED Ja 2820 - Kunshin SMD 2.8x2.0mm - 2.4V Na Yau Da Kullun - 70lm @ 350mA - Nau'in Motoci

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Jerin 2820 yana wakiltar LED ja mai ƙarfin haske, mai hawa a saman (SMD) wanda aka ƙera musamman don aikace-aikacen hasken motoci masu ƙarfi. An ƙera wannan kayan aikin don cika ƙa'idodin masana'antar motoci masu tsauri, yana ba da aiki mai dogaro a cikin ƙaramin kunshin SMD. Babban aikace-aikacensa shine a cikin hasken alama da ciki na motoci inda ake buƙatar daidaitaccen fitar da launi, babban dogaro, da tsawon rayuwar aiki.

Babban fa'idodin wannan LED sun haɗa da cancantar sa bisa ga AEC-Q102 Revision A, yana tabbatar da cewa ya cika buƙatun inganci da dogaro na ƙwararrun masana'antar motoci. Haka nan yana bin ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS da REACH kuma ba shi da halogen, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙirar zamani mai kula da muhalli. Kunshin yana da matakin MSL 2, yana nuna matsakaicin hankali ga danshi, wanda shine ma'auni ga yawancin kayan SMD.

2. Zurfin Binciken Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Hoto da Na Lantarki

An ayyana ma'auni na aiki na musamman a ƙarƙashin daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na halin yanzu gaba (I_F) na 350mA. Haske mai haske na yau da kullun shine lumens 70 (lm), tare da mafi ƙanƙanta na 60 lm da matsakaicin 90 lm, bisa ga ƙimar auna na ±8%. Ana samun wannan fitarwa mai girma tare da ƙarfin lantarki gaba na yau da kullun (V_F) na volt 2.4, daga 2.00V zuwa 2.75V (±0.05V tolerance). Tsawon zango mai rinjaye (λ_d) yawanci shine nanomita 614 (nm), yana ayyana launin jansa, tare da kewayon daga 612 nm zuwa 624 nm (±1nm tolerance). Na'urar tana ba da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 (φ), tare da jurewa na ±5°, yana ba da haske mai faɗi da daidaito.

2.2 Ma'auni na Zafi da Cikakken Matsakaici

Sarrafa zafi yana da mahimmanci ga tsawon rayuwar LED. An ƙayyade juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder (R_{th JS}) ta hanyoyi biyu: ainihin ma'auni na 12.8 K/W (typ) da ma'aunin hanyar lantarki na 10 K/W (typ). Cikakkun ma'auni na matsakaici suna ayyana iyakokin aiki: matsakaicin ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (P_d) na 1375 mW, matsakaicin ci gaba da halin yanzu gaba (I_F) na 500 mA, da halin yanzu na guguwa (I_FM) na 1500 mA don bugun jini ≤10 μs tare da aikin alhaki 0.005. Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (T_J) shine 150°C, yayin da kewayon zafin aiki da ajiya daga -40°C zuwa +125°C, ya dace da yanayin motoci. Na'urar na iya jurewa hankalin ESD na 2 kV (HBM, R=1.5kΩ, C=100pF) da zafin solder reflow na 260°C na dakika 30.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba (Binning)

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa rukunoni. Wannan samfurin yana amfani da tsarin rarraba mai girma uku.

3.1 Rukunonin Haske (Luminous Flux Bins)

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar fitar haskensu a 350mA:
• Rukuni F6: 60 lm (Min) zuwa 70 lm (Max)
• Rukuni F7: 70 lm (Min) zuwa 80 lm (Max)
• Rukuni F8: 80 lm (Min) zuwa 90 lm (Max)

3.2 Rukunonin Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba (Forward Voltage Bins)

Ana rarraba LED ta hanyar halayensu na lantarki:
• Rukuni 2022: 2.00V (Min) zuwa 2.25V (Max)
• Rukuni 2225: 2.25V (Min) zuwa 2.50V (Max)
• Rukuni 2527: 2.50V (Min) zuwa 2.75V (Max)

3.3 Rukunonin Tsawon Zango (Dominant Wavelength Bins)

Ana haɗa LED ta hanyar madaidaicin ma'anar launin ja:
• Ƙungiya 1215: 612 nm (Min) zuwa 615 nm (Max)
• Ƙungiya 1518: 615 nm (Min) zuwa 618 nm (Max)
• Ƙungiya 1821: 618 nm (Min) zuwa 621 nm (Max)
• Ƙungiya 2124: 621 nm (Min) zuwa 624 nm (Max)

Duk ma'aunin rarraba yana da ƙayyadaddun jurewa: ±8% don haske mai haske, ±0.05V don ƙarfin lantarki gaba, da ±1nm don tsawon zango mai rinjaye, ta amfani da bugun halin yanzu na 25ms.

4. Binciken Lanƙwan Aiki

4.1 Rarraba Bakan Haske da Tsarin Watsa Haske

Grafin rarraba bakan dangi yana nuna kololuwa a yankin ja kusan 614 nm, tare da ƙaramin fitarwa a cikin sauran rukunonin bakan, yana tabbatar da launin ja mai tsabta. Zanen tsarin watsa haske yana kwatanta rarraba sararin samaniya na haske na yau da kullun, yana da alaƙa da ƙayyadaddun kusurwar kallo na 120° inda ƙarfi ya ragu zuwa rabi a ±60° daga layin tsakiya.

4.2 Dangantakar Halin Yanzu-Ƙarfin Lantarki (I-V) da Halin Yanzu-Haske

Grafin Halin Yanzu Gaba da Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba yana nuna lanƙwan halayen diode. A wurin aiki na yau da kullun na 350mA, ƙarfin lantarki yana kusan 2.4V. Grafin Haske Mai Haske Dangi da Halin Yanzu Gaba yana nuna cewa fitar haske yana ƙaruwa da ƙasa da layi tare da halin yanzu, yana jaddada mahimmancin tuƙi na halin yanzu mai tsayi don tsayayyen haske.

4.3 Dogaro da Zafin Jiki

Grafin Ƙarfin Lantarki Gaba Dangi da Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa yana nuna ƙimar zafi mara kyau; V_Fyana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, wanda shine na yau da kullun ga LED. Grafin Haske Mai Haske Dangi da Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa yana nuna cewa fitar haske yana raguwa yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi, yana nuna mahimmancin buƙatar ingantaccen sarrafa zafi don kiyaye haske. Grafin Canjin Tsawon Zango Dangi da Zafin Haɗin Gwiwa yana nuna ɗan ƙaramin canji a cikin tsawon zango mai rinjaye (yawanci nanomita kaɗan) tare da zafin jiki, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na launi.

4.4 Ragewa (Derating) da Sarrafa Bugun Jini (Pulse)

Lanƙwan Rage Halin Yanzu Gaba yana ƙayyade matsakaicin halin yanzu da aka halatta bisa zafin gindin solder (T_S). Misali, a matsakaicin T_Sna 125°C, matsakaicin I_Fshine 500 mA. Har ila yau, grafin ya ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin halin yanzu na aiki na 50 mA. Grafin Ƙarfin Sarrafa Bugun Jini da Aka Halatta yana ayyana matsakaicin halin yanzu na bugun jini (I_F) da aka halatta don ƙayyadadden faɗin bugun jini (t_p) da aikin alhaki (D) a 25°C, mai amfani don tsare-tsaren tuƙi na bugun jini ko masu yawa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi

LED yana zuwa a cikin kunshin na'urar hawa a saman (SMD) tare da sunan masana'antu 2820, wanda yayi daidai da kusan girma na 2.8mm a tsayi da 2.0mm a faɗi. Cikakken zanen injiniya a cikin takardar bayanan yana ba da duk mahimman girma, gami da tsayin gaba ɗaya, tazarar jagora, da wuraren gindi. Duk girma suna cikin milimita tare da daidaitaccen jurewa na ±0.1mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Solder da Ake Shawarta

An ba da zanen tsarin ƙasa na musamman don jagorantar ƙirar PCB. Yin bin wannan shawarwarin tsarin gindi yana da mahimmanci don samun haɗin gwiwar solder mai dogaro, daidaitaccen ɓarkewar zafi daga gindin zafi, da daidaitaccen daidaitawar LED. Zanen ya haɗa da girma don buɗe maskar solder da gindin tagulla, yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun samuwar fillet solder da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

6.1 Bayanin Yanayin Solder Reflow

Bangaren yana dacewa da daidaitattun hanyoyin solder reflow na infrared ko convection. Takardar bayanan ta haɗa da bayanin reflow wanda ke ƙayyadaddun sigogi na musamman: matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C, wanda kunshin zai iya jurewa har zuwa dakika 30. Bayanin ya ƙididdige matakan dumama, jiƙa, reflow, da sanyaya don hana girgizar zafi da tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar solder mai dogaro ba tare da lalata LED ɗin ko kunshin ba.

6.2 Abubuwan Kariya Lokacin Amfani

Mahimman abubuwan kula da sarrafawa da amfani sun haɗa da: guje wa matsin lamba na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau na LED, hana gurɓata saman gani, tabbatar da bin daidaitattun hanyoyin sarrafa ESD saboda ƙimar 2kV HBM, da mutunta matakin hankali ga danshi (MSL 2) ta hanyar gasa abubuwan idan an buɗe jakar shinge na danshi fiye da ƙayyadadden lokaci kafin reflow.

7. Bayanin Kunshi da Oda

7.1 Tsarin Lambar Sashe (Part Number)

An fassara lambar sashe 2820-UR3501H-AM kamar haka:
• 2820: Iyali na samfur da girman kunshi.
• UR: Lambar launi don Ja.
• 350: Gwajin halin yanzu a cikin milliamps (350mA).
• 1: Nau'in firam ɗin jagora (1 = Mai lulluɓin zinariya).
• H: Matakin haske (H = High).
• AM: Yana nuna jerin aikace-aikacen Motoci.

Takardar bayanan kuma tana ba da cikakken jerin sauran lambobin launi da ake samu (misali, UB don Blue, UG don Green, UA don Amber, nau'ikan fararen zafi daban-daban) don dandalin 2820.

7.2 Cikakkun Bayanai na Kunshi

Ana samar da LED akan tef da reel don dacewa da kayan haɗawa na atomatik na ɗauka da sanyawa. Sashen bayanin kunshi ya ƙididdige girman reel, faɗin tef, tazarar aljihu, da alkiblar abubuwan akan tef, wanda ke da mahimmanci don saita layukan haɗawa daidai.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau Da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen da aka bayyana shinehasken motoci. Wannan ya ƙunshi fa'idodi masu yawa:
• Alamar Waje: Fitilun haɗin gwiwa na baya (fitilun wutsiya/tsayawa), fitilun tsayawa na tsakiya mai tsayi (CHMSL), fitilun alamar gefe.
• Hasken Ciki: Hasken baya na dashboard, hasken maɓalli, hasken yanayi, fitilun karatu.
• Cancantar sa na AEC-Q102, faɗin kewayon zafin jiki, da juriya ga sulfur (Class A1) sun sa ya zama mai ƙarfi ga mummunan yanayin motoci tare da fallasa zuwa zagayowar zafin jiki, girgiza, da yuwuwar yanayi mai lalata.

8.2 Abubuwan da Ya Kamata a Yi la'akari da su Lokacin Ƙira

• Da'irar Tuƙi: Koyaushe yi amfani da direban halin yanzu mai tsayi don tabbatar da fitar haske mai tsayayye da hana guduwar zafi. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da rukunin ƙarfin lantarki gaba don ƙirar direba.
• Sarrafa Zafi:** Ƙarancin juriya na zafi (10-13 K/W) daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin solder ne. Ainihin zafin haɗin gwiwa ya dogara sosai akan ƙirar zafi na PCB (yankin tagulla, vias, kayan allo). Yi amfani da lanƙwan ragewa don ƙirar ingantaccen mafita na sanyaya ta hanyar PCB don kiyaye T_Ja cikin iyakoki masu aminci, musamman a manyan yanayin zafi.
• Ƙirar Hoto: Kusurwar kallo na 120° tana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi. Don ƙarin haske mai mai da hankali, za a buƙaci na'urorin gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau).
• Juriya ga Sulfur: Ƙimar gwajin sulfur na Class A1 tana nuna matakin juriya ga yanayi mai ɗauke da sulfur, wanda yana da amfani ga aikace-aikace a wasu yankuna na yanki ko yanayin masana'antu, ko da yake da farko an yi niyya ga motoci.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Yayin da akwai LED ja SMD da yawa, wannan jerin 2820 ya bambanta kansa ta hanyarcancantar nau'in motoci (AEC-Q102). Wannan ba kalmacin talla kawai ba ne; yana nuna cewa bangaren ya wuce jerin gwaje-gwaje masu tsauri da masana'antar motoci ta ayyana don dogon lokacin dogaro a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani. Idan aka kwatanta da LED na kasuwanci, wannan jerin yana ba da tabbataccen aiki akan ƙayyadadden kewayon -40°C zuwa +125°C, mafi girman jurewa na halin yanzu na guguwa, da rubutaccen juriya ga sulfur. Haɗin babban haske mai haske (70lm typ), faɗin kusurwar kallo, da wannan kunshin dogaro ya sa ya zama ɗan takara mai ƙarfi ga masu ƙira na motoci waɗanda ba za su ia yin sulhu game da ƙimar gazawar ɓangaren ba.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (Dangane da Sigogi na Fasaha)

Q: Menene halin yanzu na aiki da ake shawarta don wannan LED?
A: Takardar bayanan tana siffanta aiki a 350mA, wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin wurin aiki na yau da kullun. Ana iya aiki daga 50mA zuwa matsakaicin sa na cikakken halin yanzu na 500mA, amma haske da inganci zasu bambanta. Koyaushe koma ga lanƙwan ragewa idan ana aiki a manyan yanayin zafi.

Q: Ta yaya zan fassara rarraba haske mai haske (F6, F7, F8)?
A: Wannan yana ba ku damar zaɓar matakin haske don aikace-aikacenku. Misali, yin oda daga Rukuni F7 yana tabbatar da cewa LED zai samar da tsakanin lumens 70 zuwa 80 lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a 350mA a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin gwaji. Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaito a cikin hasken samfurinku na ƙarshe.

Q: Rukunin ƙarfin lantarki gaba shine 2225. Menene wannan ke nufi ga ƙirar direbana?
A: Yana nufin V_Fna LED ɗin ku zai kasance tsakanin 2.25V da 2.50V a 350mA. Dole ne direban ku na halin yanzu mai tsayi ya iya samar da halin yanzu da ake buƙata yayin samar da ƙarfin lantarki daidai ko sama da matsakaicin V_Fa cikin sarkar (lura da haɗin jerin) da kowane sararin sama ga direban kansa.

Q: Shin heatsink yana da mahimmanci?
A> Yayin da LED kanta ba ta da heatsink da aka haɗa, ingantaccen sarrafa zafiyana da mahimmanci. Dole ne a fitar da zafi daga gindin solder ta hanyar PCB. Don aiki a cikakken halin yanzu (350-500mA) ko a cikin manyan yanayin zafi, ana ba da shawarar sosai PCB mai babban yanki na tagulla na zafi (wanda ke aiki azaman heatsink) don kiyaye dogon lokacin dogaro da hana lalacewar haske mai haske.

11. Nazarin Ƙira da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Fitilar Tsayawa ta Motoci Mai Ƙarfin Haske.
1. Bukatu: Rukunin LED don fitilar tsayawa dole ne ya cika ƙa'idodin ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin hoto, ya tsira daga zagayowar zafin motoci (-40°C zuwa 85°C yanayi), kuma ya sami tsawon rayuwa fiye da sa'o'i 10,000.
2. Zaɓin Bangare: An zaɓi 2820-UR3501H-AM saboda cancantar sa na AEC-Q102, babban fitarwa na haske (70lm typ), da ikon yin aiki a zafin haɗin gwiwa na 125°C.
3. Ƙirar Zafi: An ƙera PCB tare da Layer tagulla na oza 2 a saman da ƙasa, wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar vias na zafi da yawa a ƙarƙashin gindin zafi na LED. Ana gudanar da kwaikwayon zafi don tabbatar da cewa zafin haɗin gwiwa ya kasance ƙasa da 110°C lokacin da aka ci gaba da amfani da birki a matsakaicin zafin ɗaki.
4. Ƙirar Lantarki: An shirya LED a cikin tsari na jerin-layin. An zaɓi IC direban LED na halin yanzu mai tsayi na yanayin buck wanda zai iya sarrafa kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na shigarwa (9-16V) kuma ya samar da fitarwa mai tsayayye na 350mA, tare da ƙimar ƙarfinsa ya wuce jimlar matsakaicin V_F(Rukuni 2527) don jerin sarkar.
5. Sakamako: Haɗin gwiwar ƙarshe ya wuce duk gwaje-gwajen dogaro na motoci (zagayowar zafi, danshi, girgiza) kuma yana ba da fitar haske ja mai tsayayye, mai haske a duk tsawon rayuwar motar.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan na'urar LED ce (Light-Emitting Diode). Aikinta ya dogara ne akan electroluminescence a cikin kayan semiconductor. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode (kusan 2.0V ga wannan LED ja), ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yankin aiki daga Layer na semiconductor na n-type da p-type, bi da bi. Waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suna sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Ƙayyadadden tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin ja kusan 614 nm, an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su a cikin yankin aiki na guntu na LED. Ana fitar da hasken ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na epoxy na kunshi, wanda aka siffata don cimma kusurwar kallo da ake so na digiri 120.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Ci gaban LED don hasken motoci yana bin trends da yawa bayyananne. Akwai ci gaba da turawa donmafi girman ingancin haske(ƙarin lumens a kowace watt) don rage nauyin lantarki da inganta ingantaccen makamashi, mai mahimmanci ga motocin lantarki.Ingantacciyar daidaiton launi da kwanciyar hankalisama da zafin jiki da tsawon rayuwa sun kasance masu mahimmanci, musamman tare da karɓar Tsarin Taimakon Direba na Ci-gaba (ADAS) na tushen kamara wanda dole ne ya gano fitilun sigina da dogaro.Ƙananan Ƙirayana ci gaba, yana ba da damar ƙira mai siriri da ƙira. Bugu da ƙari, haɗinaikace-aikace masu hankali, kamar haske mai daidaitawa da sadarwa ta hanyar haske (Li-Fi), wani yanki ne mai tasowa, ko da yake yawanci ya ƙunshi ƙarin ƙungiyoyin kunshi masu rikitarwa maimakon LED masu hankali kamar 2820. Jerin 2820 yana cikin yanayin samar da ƙwararrun abubuwa masu hankali, masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke aiki azaman ginshiƙan gini masu dogaro don waɗannan tsarin haske na ci-gaba.