Red LED 3.2x1.25x1.1mm - Wutar Lantarki 2.0V - Halin Yanzu 30mA - Ƙarfin 72mW - Takardun Bayanai

1. Bayyana Samfurin

1.1 Bayani na Gabaɗaya

Wannan LED SMD ja an yi shi ta amfani da guntun LED mai haske ja kuma an saka shi a cikin ma'auni na 3.2mm x 1.25mm x 1.1mm na saman. Na'urar an tsara ta don nunin gabaɗaya, alama, da aikace-aikacen nuni waɗanda ke buƙatar haske mai girma da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi. Tare da ƙaramin sawu, ya dace da ayyukan taro na SMT ta atomatik da tsarin soldering reflow.

1.2 Siffofin

• Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai: digiri 140 (rabin-ikon kusurwa), yana ba da damar gani daga bangarori da yawa.
• Ya dace da dukkan ayyukan taro na SMT da soldering, gami da reflow mara gubar.
• Matsayin hankalin danshi (MSL): Mataki na 3 bisa ga ma'aunin JEDEC, yana buƙatar kulawa da gasa da ta dace kafin amfani idan an fallasa shi ga yanayin da ya wuce iyaka.
• Ya bi ka'idodin RoHS, babu abubuwa masu haɗari kamar gubar, mercury, cadmium, da chromium hexavalent.
• Ana samunsa a cikin nau'ikan haske da bins na tsawon igiyar ruwa don sassauci na ƙira.

1.3 Aikace-aikace

• Manuniya na gani da fitilun matsayi a cikin na'urorin lantarki masu amfani, kayan aikin masana'antu, da cikin motoci.
• Hasken baya na maɓalli da alamomi, kamar a madannai, bangarorin sarrafawa, da alamu.
• Aikace-aikacen haske na gabaɗaya da ado inda ake son ƙaramin girman da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Gani (Ta = 25°C)

Tebur mai zuwa ya taƙaita mahimman ma'auni na lantarki da gani da aka auna a halin yanzu na gaba na 20 mA da zafin jiki na 25°C, sai dai idan an ambata.

Lura: Ma'aunin juriya na wutar lantarki ta gaba: ±0.1 V. Ma'aunin juriya na tsayin igiyar ruwa: ±2 nm. Ma'aunin juriya na hasken haske: ±10%.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Ƙarfi

Matsin da ya wuce waɗanda aka jera a cikin tebur na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin ga na'urar. Waɗannan matsananciyar matakan ne kawai kuma ba a iya aikin na'urar a waɗannan ko wasu yanayi fiye da waɗanda aka nuna a cikin yanayin aiki da aka ba da shawarar.

Dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda idan juriyar zafi da zafin yanayi sun sa zafin junction ya wuce 95°C. Ya kamata a yi amfani da isasshen sanyaya ko rage halin yanzu a yanayin zafi mai girma.

3. Tsarin Binning

Ana ba da LED a cikin bins da yawa don wutar lantarki ta gaba (VF), tsayin igiyar ruwa (λD), da hasken haske (IV). Wannan binning yana bawa masu tsara damar zaɓar na'urori tare da juriya mai tsauri don daidaitaccen aiki a cikin tsarin haske.

3.1 Bins na Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba

An ayyana bins na VF guda uku: B0 (1.8–2.0 V), C0 (2.0–2.2 V), da D0 (2.2–2.4 V). Matsakaicin wutar lantarki ta gaba a 20 mA yana kusan 2.0 V don bin B0.

3.2 Bins na Tsayin Igiyar Ruwa Mai Mahimmanci

Akwai bins na tsayin igiyar ruwa guda uku: F00 (625–630 nm, ja mai zurfi), G00 (630–635 nm, ja), da H00 (635–640 nm, ja-orange). Matsakaicin fitarwa yana kusan 630 nm.

3.3 Bins na Hasken Hasken

An rarraba hasken haske zuwa kewayon uku: 1BS (40–90 mcd), 1DN (90–140 mcd), da 1GK (140–200 mcd). Waɗannan bins suna ba da damar daidaita haske a aikace-aikacen LED da yawa.

Lambar bin an buga ta a kan lakabin marufi, tare da wasu masu ganowa kamar lambar kuri'a da lambar kwanan wata.

4. Lanƙwasa Ayyuka

Ana nuna halayen gani da lantarki na yau da kullun a cikin lanƙwasa da ke ƙasa. Waɗannan lanƙwasa an yi niyya ne azaman jagororin ƙira; ainihin aiki na iya bambanta da yanayin aiki.

4.1 Wutar Lantarki ta Gaba vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Fig. 1-6)

Matsayin yana nuna alaƙar ma'ana ta al'ada na diode. A 20 mA, wutar lantarki ta gaba tana kusan 2.0 V. Za a iya amfani da lanƙwasa don ƙididdige halin yanzu don wata wutar lantarki, amma ana ba da shawarar mai iyakance halin yanzu.

4.2 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Hasken Dangi (Fig. 1-7)

Hasken haske na dangi yana ƙaruwa kusan a layi tare da halin yanzu na gaba har zuwa 30 mA. Ƙananan jikewa na iya faruwa a manyan halin yanzu saboda zafi.

4.3 Zafin Pin vs. Hasken Dangi (Fig. 1-8)

Yayin da zafin wurin solder ya tashi, fitarwar dangi tana raguwa. A 85°C, hasken yana kusan 90% na wanda yake a 25°C. Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye daidaitaccen fitarwar haske.

4.4 Zafin Pin vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Fig. 1-9)

Dole ne a rage matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba da aka yarda yayin da zafin pin ya tashi. A 85°C, ana rage matsakaicin halin yanzu zuwa kusan 20 mA don kiyaye zafin junction ƙasa da 95°C.

4.5 Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Tsayin Igiyar Ruwa Mai Mahimmanci (Fig. 1-10)

Tsayin igiyar ruwa mai mahimmanci yana canzawa kaɗan tare da haɓaka halin yanzu, yawanci ƙasa da 2 nm a cikin kewayon aiki. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tasirin cika band a cikin semiconductor.

4.6 Hasken Dangi vs. Tsayin Igiyar Ruwa (Fig. 1-11)

Rarraba wutar lantarki ta bakan tana kaiwa kololuwa a kusan 630 nm, tare da rabin bandwidth na 15 nm (na yau da kullun). Wannan yana tabbatar da ja mai cikakken launi.

4.7 Tsarin Haske (Fig. 1-12)

LED yana nuna tsarin haske mai faɗi na lambertian tare da kusurwar rabin-ikon 140°. Wannan ya sa ya dace don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ko nunin kusurwa mai faɗi.

5. Bayanai na Injiniya da Marufi

5.1 Girman Marufi

Jikin marufi yana auna 3.2 mm (tsawon) x 1.25 mm (fadi) x 1.1 mm (tsawo). Ana samar da pads na solder guda biyu a kan saman kasa. Alamar anode tana da alamar ƙari ko mai ganowa a cikin zane. Ana iya samun cikakkun zane-zane na injiniya a cikin takardar bayanai (Fig. 1-1 zuwa 1-5).

5.2 Tsarin Solder da Aka Ba da Shawara

Ana nuna girman gindin jan karfe da aka ba da shawarar don soldering reflow a cikin takardar bayanai. Girman gindin da ya dace yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan hulɗar zafi da lantarki. Ana ba da shawarar kauri daga stencil paste solder na 0.12 mm.

5.3 Ganewar Polarity

Gefen cathode yawanci ana yi masa alama da ƙyalli ko lebur a kan marufi. A kan kallon ƙasa, pad 1 shine anode kuma pad 2 shine cathode (kamar yadda yake a Fig. 1-4). Dole ne a kiyaye madaidaiciyar polarity yayin taro.

6. SMT Reflow Solder

6.1 Bayanin Reflow

Bayanan reflow solder da aka ba da shawarar ya dogara ne akan ka'idodin JEDEC. Muhimman ma'auni sune:

• Matsakaicin yawan hawan (Tsmax zuwa TP): matsakaici 3°C/s
• Kewayon zafin preheat (Tsmin zuwa Tsmax): 150°C zuwa 200°C
• Lokacin preheat (ts): 60 zuwa 120 seconds
• Lokaci sama da 217°C (tL): 60 zuwa 150 seconds
• Matsakaicin zafin jiki (TP): 260°C (matsakaici)
• Lokaci a cikin 5°C na matsakaicin zafin jiki (tp): matsakaici 30 seconds
• Lokaci a matsakaicin zafin jiki (>255°C): matsakaici 10 seconds
• Matsakaicin sanyaya: matsakaici 6°C/s
• Lokaci daga 25°C zuwa matsakaicin zafin jiki: matsakaici 8 minutes

Bai kamata a yi soldering reflow fiye da sau biyu ba. Idan fiye da sa'o'i 24 suka shuɗe tsakanin zagaye biyu na soldering, LEDs na iya sha danshi kuma ya kamata a gasa su kafin reflow na biyu.

6.2 Solder Hannu

Idan ana buƙatar solder hannu, dole ne zafin tip na ƙarfe ya kasance ƙasa da 300°C kuma lokacin soldering bai wuce daƙiƙa 3 ba. an ba da izinin aikin solder hannu ɗaya kawai kowane LED.

6.3 Sake Aiki da Gyara

Ba a ba da shawarar sake aiki bayan reflow ba. Idan ba makawa, a yi amfani da ƙarfe mai kai biyu don rage danniya na zafi. Ana buƙatar gwajin riga-kafi don tabbatar da rashin lalacewa ga LED.

7. Kula da Kariya

7.1 Ajiya

Ana aika LEDs a cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi (MBB) tare da bushewa da katin nuna danshi. Kafin bude jakar, adana a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH. Bayan bude, dole ne a yi amfani da LEDs a cikin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) idan an adana a ≤30°C da ≤60% RH. Idan lokacin ajiya ya wuce ko katin nuna danshi ya nuna ruwan hoda (yana nuna sha danshi), ana buƙatar gasa: 60±5°C na > sa'o'i 24.

7.2 Kariya daga Fitowar Wutar Lantarki (ESD)

LEDs suna da rauni ga ESD. Ya kamata a ɗauki matakan kariya na ESD, gami da tashoshin aiki da aka ƙasa, marufi na gudanarwa, da madaurin hannu na antistatic. Na'urar tana da ƙimar 2000V HBM.

7.3 La'akari da Sinadarai da Muhalli

Abun rufe LED shine silicone, wanda ke iya shiga wasu iskar gas da sinadarai. Ya kamata a kiyaye mahadin sulfur a cikin muhalli ko a cikin kayan haɗi ƙasa da 100 ppm. Abubuwan bromine da chlorine a cikin kayan waje ya kamata kowannensu ya zama ƙasa da 900 ppm, kuma jimlar su ƙasa da 1500 ppm. Abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙanshi (VOCs) na iya fitar da iska kuma su sauka a kan LED, suna haifar da canza launi da asarar haske. Dole ne adhesives da aka yi amfani da su kusa da LED kada su fitar da tururi na halitta.

7.4 Kulawa da Injiniya

Kada a matsa lamba kai tsaye a kan ruwan tabarau na silicone. Yi amfani da tweezers don ɗaukar ɓangaren ta gefen saman. Kada a lanƙwasa PCB bayan soldering, saboda hakan na iya fashe marufin LED.

7.5 Tsaftacewa

Ana ba da shawarar barasa isopropyl don tsaftacewa. Dole ne a gwada sauran kaushi don dacewa da silicone encapsulant. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba saboda yana iya lalata LED.

8. Bayanai na Marufi da Oda

8.1 Ƙayyadaddun Marufi

Ana tattara LEDs a cikin tsarin tef da reel: guda 3000 kowane reel. Tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya an yi shi da filastik mai gudanarwa kuma yana da faɗin 8 mm tare da farfajiyar aljihu na 4 mm. Diamita na reel shine 178 mm, tare da diamita na cibiya na 60 mm da faɗin tef na 8 mm.

8.2 Bayanan Lakabin

Kowane reel yana ɗauke da lakabin da ke ɗauke da bayanai masu zuwa: Lambar Sashe, Lambar Spec, Lambar Lot, Lambar Bin (gami da bins na VF, tsayin igiyar ruwa, da haske), yawa, da lambar kwanan wata. Lambar bin tana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da daidaitaccen aiki a cikin samarwa.

8.3 Marufi Mai Hana Damshi

Ana rufe reels a cikin jakar hana danshi tare da bushewa da katin nuna danshi. Daga nan sai a saka jakar a cikin akwati na kwali don jigilar kaya.

9. Dogaro da Gwaji

9.1 Yanayin Gwajin Dogaro

An tabbatar da samfurin bisa ga ka'idodin JEDEC. An yi gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa tare da samfurori 22 kowanne, ma'aunin karɓa: an yarda da gazawar 0 (Ac=0, Re=1).

9.2 Ma'aunin Gazawa

Ma'auni masu zuwa suna ayyana gazawa bayan gwajin dogaro:

• Wutar lantarki ta gaba (VF) ta wuce sau 1.1 iyakar ƙayyadaddun sama (U.S.L.)
• Halin yanzu na baya (IR) ya wuce sau 2.0 iyakar ƙayyadaddun sama (U.S.L.)
• Hasken haske (Φ) ya faɗi ƙasa da sau 0.7 iyakar ƙayyadaddun ƙasa (L.S.L.)

10. Bayanan Aikace-aikace

Lokacin tsara da'irori na LED, koyaushe haɗa da mai iyakance halin yanzu don hana wuce gona da iri. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙimar resistor a matsayin R = (V_supply - VF_typ) / IF_desired. Misali, tare da wutar lantarki 5V da halin yanzu da ake so na 20 mA, R = (5 - 2.0) / 0.02 = 150 Ω. Yi amfani da mafi munin VF min/max don tabbatar da amintaccen aiki a kowane yanayi.

Don haɗin jeri ko layi daya, yi la'akari da raba halin yanzu da tasirin zafi. Ya kamata a yi amfani da LEDs na bin iri ɗaya a layi daya don rage bambancin haske. Ya kamata a samar da isasshen yanki na jan karfe na PCB don watsar da zafi, musamman lokacin aiki a manyan halin yanzu ko zafin yanayi.

Kusurwar kallo mai faɗi yana sa wannan LED ya dace da hasken gefe da hasken baya inda ake son haske iri ɗaya.

11. Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawanci

Tambaya: Me yasa hasken LED yake raguwa yayin da zafi ya tashi?

Amsa: Ingantattun na'urorin quantum na ciki na semiconductor yana raguwa da zafi, yana haifar da raguwar fitowar haske a cikin halin yanzu guda. Gudanar da zafi yana da mahimmanci.

Tambaya: Zan iya tuka LED kai tsaye daga tushen wutar lantarki?

Amsa: A'a, mai iyakance halin yanzu ko direba mai ɗorewa yana da tilas don guje wa lalacewar LED.

Tambaya: Menene zai faru idan aka saka wutar lantarki ta baya?

Amsa: Wutar lantarki ta baya sama da rushewa na iya haifar da halin yanzu na zubewa kuma a ƙarshe ya lalata LED. Matsakaicin wutar lantarki ta baya shine yanayin gwajin 5V; ya kamata a guji tawaya na baya na dogon lokaci.

Tambaya: Yaya zan adana LEDs da ba a yi amfani da su ba?

Amsa: Adana a cikin jakar hana danshi ta asali a ≤30°C da ≤75% RH. Idan an bude, yi amfani da shi a cikin sa'o'i 168 ko gasa kafin amfani.

Tambaya: Shin LED ya dace da soldering mara gubar?

Amsa: Ee, matsakaicin zafin jiki na 260°C ya dace da hanyoyin soldering mara gubar masu bin RoHS.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

LED diode ne na semiconductor wanda ke fitar da haske lokacin da electrons suka sake haɗuwa da ramuka a cikin haɗin PN. A cikin wannan LED ja, yanki mai aiki yawanci ana yin shi ne da aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP) ko kayan gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP). Lokacin da aka tura gaba, electrons daga n-side da ramuka daga p-side suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin siffar photons. Tsayin igiyar ruwa na hasken da aka fitar ya yi daidai da makamashin bandgap na kayan semiconductor - a wannan yanayin, kusan 1.96 eV don haske ja (630 nm). An rufe LED a cikin ruwan tabarau na silicone mai haske ko tinted wanda kuma yana ba da kariya kuma ya tsara tsarin haske.

13. Hanyoyin Ci Gaba

LEDs ja suna ci gaba da haɓaka tare da inganci mafi girma (lm/W mafi girma) da kwanciyar hankali na zafi mafi kyau. Yanayin yana kan ƙaramin marufi (misali, 3.2×1.25 mm ya riga ya zama ƙarami) da bins mafi girma na haske. Ci gaba a fasahar guntu, kamar ingantaccen haɓaka haske da ƙirar flip-chip, yana yin alƙawarin ƙarin haɓaka aiki. Bugu da ƙari, ana sa ran haɗin gwiwa tare da da'irori masu tuƙi na hankali da haɗin IoT zai faɗaɗa aikace-aikace a cikin haske mai wayo da nuni.