Takardar Bayani na Fitilar LED 264-7SURD/S530-A3 - Ja Mai Haske - 20mA - 125mcd - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfurin

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakkun bayanai na fasaha don fitilar LED ja mai haske sosai. Na'urar wani ɓangare ne na jerin da aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da haske mai ƙarfi. Tana amfani da fasahar guntu na AlGaInP wanda aka lulluɓe a cikin guduro ja mai yaduwa, wanda ke haifar da fitar da hasken ja mai ban sha'awa. An ƙera samfurin bisa ka'idojin aminci da ƙarfi, yana tabbatar da aiki mai daidaito a cikin tarukan lantarki daban-daban.

LED ɗin ya bi ka'idojin muhalli da aminci masu mahimmanci, ciki har da RoHS, EU REACH, kuma ba shi da Halogen (Br <900 ppm, Cl <900 ppm, Br+Cl < 1500 ppm). Yana samuwa a kusurwoyin kallo daban-daban kuma ana iya samar da shi akan tef da reel don tsarin haɗawa ta atomatik, yana biyan buƙatun masana'antu masu yawa.

2. Ma'auni na Fasaha: Cikakken Fassara na Haƙiƙa

2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma

Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma tana ayyana iyakokin damuwa waɗanda sama da su lalacewa na dindindin na iya faruwa ga na'urar. Waɗannan ba sharuɗɗan aiki na yau da kullun ba ne.

• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (IF):25 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin DC da za a iya ci gaba da amfani da shi akan LED ba tare da haɗarin lalacewa ba.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (IFP):60 mA. Wannan ma'auni ya shafi yanayin bugun jini tare da cikakken aiki na 1/10 a 1 kHz. Wucewa da wannan a cikin aiki na tsayayye zai iya haifar da gazawa.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (VR):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya sama da wannan na iya rushe haɗin semiconductor na LED.
• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):60 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin wutar lantarki da fakitin zai iya tarwatsa, wanda aka lissafta kamar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF) x Halin Gaba (IF).
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya:An ƙididdige na'urar don aiki daga -40°C zuwa +85°C kuma ana iya adana ta daga -40°C zuwa +100°C.
• Zazzabin Solder (Tsol):Tushen zai iya jure 260°C na tsawon dakika 5 yayin ayyukan solder.

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Ana auna waɗannan ma'auni a daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji na Ta=25°C da IF=20mA, yana ba da bayanan aikin tushe.

• Ƙarfin Haske (Iv):Matsakaicin ƙimar shine 125 mcd (millicandela), tare da mafi ƙarancin 63 mcd. Wannan yana ƙididdige hasken fitar da hasken ja ga idon ɗan adam.
• Kusurwar Kallo (2θ1/2):Digiri 60 (na al'ada). Wannan shine cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya faɗi zuwa rabin ƙimar kololuwar sa, yana ayyana yaduwar hasken.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λp):632 nm (na al'ada). Wannan shine tsawon zangon da rarraba ikon bakan ya kai kololuwar sa.
• Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λd):624 nm (na al'ada). Wannan shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya gane, yana ayyana launin launi (ja mai haske).
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (VF):Ya bambanta daga 1.7V (mafi ƙanƙanta) zuwa 2.4V (mafi girma), tare da matsakaicin ƙimar 2.0V a 20mA. Wannan shine raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a kan LED lokacin aiki.
• Halin Baya (IR):Matsakaicin 10 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya na 5V.

An lura da rashin tabbas na ma'auni: ±0.1V don VF, ±10% don Iv, da ±1.0nm don λd.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarraba

Takardar bayani tana nuna amfani da tsarin rarraba don ma'auni masu mahimmanci, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin bayanin lakabin tattarawa. Wannan tsarin yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakoki don rukunin samarwa.

• CAT (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Haske):Rukunoni don fitar da haske (Iv).
• HUE (Matsayi na Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango):Rukunoni don wurin launi (λd), mai mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar daidaiton launi.
• REF (Matsayi na Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba):Rukunoni don raguwar ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF), wanda zai iya zama mahimmanci don ƙirar direba da sarrafa wutar lantarki.

Ba a bayyana takamaiman ƙimar lambobin rukunoni da kewayon su a cikin wannan ɓangaren ba amma yawanci ana ba da su a cikin takaddun rarraba daban-daban daga masana'anta.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayani ta haɗa da jadawali masu yawa waɗanda ke kwatanta halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Tsawon Zango

Wannan lanƙwasa rarraba bakan tana nuna fitar da haske a matsayin aiki na tsawon zango, wanda ya ta'allaka a kusa da kololuwar 632 nm. Ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin bakan (Δλ na al'ada. 20 nm) yana tabbatar da launin ja mai cikar gaske.

4.2 Tsarin Jagora

Zanen polar da ke kwatanta rarraba haske ta sarari, yana da alaƙa da kusurwar kallo na digiri 60. Yana nuna yadda ƙarfin yana raguwa daga tsakiyar axis.

4.3 Halin Gaba Dangane da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V)

Wannan jadawali yana nuna alaƙar haɓaka tsakanin halin da ƙarfin lantarki, na al'ada na diode. Lanƙwasa tana taimakawa wajen ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin.

4.4 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Halin Gaba

Yana nuna cewa fitar da haske yana ƙaruwa tare da halin amma yana iya zama ƙasa da layi a halaye mafi girma saboda raguwar inganci da tasirin zafi.

4.5 Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Yanayin Muhalli

Yana nuna mummunan haɗin zafi na fitar da haske. Ƙarfin haske yana raguwa yayin da yanayin muhalli ya tashi, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga sarrafa zafi a cikin aikace-aikace.

4.6 Halin Gaba Dangane da Yanayin Muhalli

Yana iya nuna jagororin rage ƙima, yana nuna yadda ya kamata a rage matsakaicin halin gaba da aka yarda a mafi girman yanayin muhalli don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin iyakokin tarwatsa wutar lantarki.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Zanen Girman Fakitin

An ba da cikakken zanen injiniya wanda ke nuna girman jiki na LED. Muhimman bayanan sun haɗa da: duk girmansu suna cikin milimita, tsayin flange dole ne ya zama ƙasa da 1.5mm, kuma juzu'in gabaɗaya shine ±0.25mm sai dai idan an faɗi. Zanen ya ayyana tazarar jagora, girman jiki, da siffar gabaɗaya, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don ƙirar sawun PCB.

5.2 Gano Polarity

Ana gano cathode ta gefe mai lebur akan ruwan tabarau na LED ko gajeriyar jagora. Yakamata zanen takardar bayani ya bayyana wannan a sarari, wanda yake da mahimmanci don daidaitaccen shigarwa don hana ƙarfin lantarki na baya.

6. Jagororin Solder da Haɗawa

Daidaitaccen sarrafawa yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye aikin LED da aminci.

6.1 Siffantar Jagora

• Lankwasa jagora a wuri aƙalla 3mm daga gindin kwalliyar epoxy.
• Yi siffanta kafin solder.
• Kauce wa damuwa ga fakitin; damuwa na iya lalata haɗin ciki ko fashewar epoxy.
• Yanke jagora a yanayin daki.
• Tabbatar da ramukan PCB sun yi daidai da jagororin LED don guje wa damuwar hawa.

6.2 Ajiya

• Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤70% RH. Rayuwar shiryayye shine watanni 3 bayan jigilar kaya.
• Don ajiya mai tsawo (har zuwa shekara 1), yi amfani da akwati mai rufi tare da nitrogen da desiccant.
• Kauce wa saurin canjin zafi a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano don hana hazo.

6.3 Solder

Dokar Gabaɗaya:Kiyaye mafi ƙarancin nisa na 3mm daga haɗin solder zuwa kwalliyar epoxy.

Solder da Hannu:Matsakaicin zafin ƙarshen ƙarfe 300°C (don ƙarfe na 30W), matsakaicin lokacin solder dakika 3.

Solder Wave/DIP:Matsakaicin zafin preheat 100°C na matsakaicin dakika 60. Matsakaicin zafin wanka na solder 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 5.

Bayanan martaba:An haɗa jadawalin yanayin zafin solder da aka ba da shawarar, yana nuna yankunan preheat, jiƙa, sake kwarara, da sanyaya don rage girgizar zafi.

Muhimman Bayanan Kula:

• Kauce wa damuwa akan jagora yayin matakan zafi mai girma.
• Kada ku yi solder (nutsar da ko hannu) fiye da sau ɗaya.
• Kare LED daga girgiza na injiniya har sai ya sanyaya zuwa yanayin daki bayan solder.
• Kauce wa saurin sanyaya daga matsakaicin zafi.
• Yi amfani da mafi ƙarancin ingantaccen zafin solder.

6.4 Tsaftacewa

• Idan ya cancanta, tsaftace kawai da barasa na isopropyl a yanayin daki na ≤1 minti.
• Kauce wa tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic. Idan da gaske ake buƙata, fara cancantar tsarin don tabbatar da cewa babu lalacewa da ke faruwa.

6.5 Sarrafa Zafi

Taƙaitaccen bayani amma mai mahimmanci ya jaddada cewa dole ne a yi la'akari da sarrafa zafi yayin matakin ƙirar aikace-aikace. Yakamata a saita halin aiki tare da la'akari da zafin haɗin gwiwa, saboda zafi mai yawa yana rage fitar da haske da tsawon rayuwa.

7. Bayanin Tattarawa da Oda

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Tattarawa

Ana tattara LED ɗin a cikin jakar anti-static, an sanya su a cikin akwatin ciki, sannan a cikin akwatin waje don kariyar jigilar kaya.

Adadin Tattarawa:Mafi ƙarancin 200 zuwa 1000 guda a kowace jaka. Ana tattara jakuna huɗu a cikin akwatin ciki ɗaya. Ana tattara akwatuna goma na ciki a cikin akwatin waje ɗaya.

7.2 Bayanin Lakabi

Lakabin tattarawa yana ɗauke da lambobi da yawa:

• CPN:Lambar Samar da Abokin Ciniki
• P/N:Lambar Samarwa (misali, 264-7SURD/S530-A3)
• QTY:Adadin Tattarawa
• CAT, HUE, REF:Lambobin rarraba don Ƙarfin Haske, Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango, da Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba, bi da bi.
• LOT No:Lambar Rukunin Masana'antu don bin sawu.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Aikace-aikacen da aka jera sun haɗa da na'urorin TV, na'urorin lura, wayoyi, da kwamfutoci. Wannan yana nuna amfani azaman fitilun nuni, hasken baya don ƙananan nuni, ko LED na matsayi a cikin kayan lantarki na mabukaci da kayan aikin IT.

8.2 Abubuwan Ƙira

• Iyakance Halin:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor na jerin ko direba mai tsayayyen halin don iyakance IF zuwa ƙimar da ake so (misali, 20mA don haske na al'ada), kar a haɗa kai tsaye zuwa tushen ƙarfin lantarki.
• Ƙirar Zafi:Tabbatar da PCB da muhallin da ke kewaye suna ba da damar isasshen tarwatsa zafi, musamman idan ana aiki kusa da matsakaicin ma'auni ko a cikin wurare masu rufi.
• Ƙirar Haske:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 60 ya dace da kallo mai faɗi. Yi la'akari da ƙirar ruwan tabarau ko jagorar haske idan ana buƙatar siffantar hasken.
• Kariyar ESD:Ko da yake ba mai hankali sosai ba, ana ba da shawarar kariyar sarrafa ESD na yau da kullun yayin haɗawa.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Yayin da ba a ba da kwatancen kai tsaye tare da wasu lambobin sassa a cikin wannan takardar bayani guda ɗaya ba, ana iya ƙididdige mahimman fasalulluka na wannan jerin LED:

• Abu:Amfani da kayan semiconductor na AlGaInP, wanda yake da inganci sosai don launuka ja da amber, idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi.
• Haske:An sanya shi azaman jerin \"mafi haske\" a cikin rukuninsa.
• Yin Biyayya:Cikakken biyayya ga ƙa'idodin muhalli na zamani (RoHS, REACH, Ba tare da Halogen ba) fa'ida ce mai mahimmanci.
• Ƙarfi:Takardar bayani ta jaddada ingantaccen gini mai aminci da ƙarfi, yana nuna kyakkyawan juriya na injiniya da zafi.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (Dangane da Ma'auni na Fasaha)

Q1: Wane ƙimar resistor yakamata in yi amfani da shi tare da samar da 5V don cimma 20mA?

A1: Yin amfani da Dokar Ohm: R = (V_supply - VF) / IF. Tare da V_supply=5V, VF(typ)=2.0V, IF=0.02A, R = (5-2)/0.02 = 150 Ω. Yi amfani da resistor na al'ada na 150 Ω. Koyaushe lissafta don mafi munin VF(min) don tabbatar da cewa halin bai wuce iyakoki ba.

Q2: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED tare da samar da 3.3V?

A2: Ee. Yin amfani da lissafi ɗaya: R = (3.3-2.0)/0.02 = 65 Ω. Dangantaccen resistor na al'ada na 68 Ω zai dace. Tabbatar da samarwar zai iya ba da halin da ake buƙata.

Q3: Me yasa fitar da haske ke raguwa a yanayin zafi mai girma?

A3: Wannan wata halayar asali ce ta LED na semiconductor. Ƙara zafi yana ɗaga ƙimar sake haɗuwa mara radiyo a cikin guntu, yana rage ingancin quantum na ciki (IQE), don haka yana rage fitar da haske.

Q4: Menene bambanci tsakanin Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango da Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango?

A4: Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λp) shine kololuwar jiki na bakan da aka fitar. Matsakaicin Tsawon Zango (λd) shine tsawon zango guda ɗaya na hasken monochromatic wanda zai dace da fahimtar launi na hasken LED. Don launi mai cikar gaske kamar wannan ja, suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

11: Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar allon nuna matsayi don na'urar hanyar sadarwa.

An zaɓi LED (264-7SURD/S530-A3) saboda fitar da ja mai haske da amincinsa. Ana amfani da LED huɗu don nuna Wutar Lantarki, Intanet, Wi-Fi, da aikin Ethernet.

Matakan Ƙira:

1. Tsarin PCB: Sanya LED bisa ga zanen injiniya, tabbatar da 3mm sharewa daga kafafun solder zuwa duk wani yanki na ruwan tabarau a cikin panel.

2. Ƙirar Da'ira: Yin amfani da layin tsarin 3.3V, lissafta resistor na jerin: R = (3.3V - 2.0V) / 0.02A = 65Ω. Zaɓi 68Ω, resistors 1/8W. Rushewar wutar lantarki a cikin resistor shine I^2*R = (0.02^2)*68 = 0.0272W, yana cikin ma'auni sosai.

3: La'akari da Zafi: Panel ɗin yana da iska, kuma LED ɗin sun rabu. Kiyasin yanayin aiki shine 45°C. Duba lanƙwasa \"Matsakaicin Ƙarfi Dangane da Yanayin Muhalli\", fitarwa zai ragu kaɗan amma an yarda da shi.

4. Haɗawa: Bi bayanan martabar solder wave da aka ƙayyade. Bayan haɗawa, yi duban gani da gwajin aiki.

12. Gabatarwar Ka'ida

Wannan LED yana aiki akan ka'idar electroluminescence a cikin haɗin p-n na semiconductor. Yankin aiki ya ƙunshi Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide (AlGaInP). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba, electrons daga yankin n-type da ramuka daga yankin p-type ana shigar da su cikin yankin aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗaukar caji suka sake haɗuwa, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gami na AlGaInP yana ƙayyade makamashin bandgap, wanda kuma ya ayyana tsawon zango (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, a cikin bakan ja (~624-632 nm). Fakitin guduro ja mai yaduwa yana aiki don kare guntu na semiconductor, yin aiki azaman ruwan tabarau na farko don siffantar fitar da haske, da yada haske don ƙirƙirar bayyanar daidai.

13. Trends na Ci gaba

Juyin halitta na LED masu nuna alama kamar wannan yana bin yanayin masana'antu da yawa:

• Ƙara Ingantaccen Aiki:Ci gaban kimiyyar kayan aiki da haɓakar epitaxial na nufin samar da ƙarin haske (lumens) kowace raka'a na wutar lantarki (watts), yana rage amfani da makamashi.
• Ƙananan Girma:Yayin da fakitin ta hanyar rami ke ci gaba da zama sananne don ƙarfi, akwai wani yanayi mai kama da zuwa ƙananan fakitin na'urar hawa saman (SMD) don ƙirar PCB mai yawa.
• Ingantaccen Aminci da Tsawon Rayuwa:Haɓaka kayan fakitin, dabarun haɗa mutu, da fasahar phosphor (don fararen LED) suna ci gaba da tura tsawon rayuwa da aka ƙididdige, ko da a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mafi girma.
• Daidaiton Launi da Rarraba:Ƙunƙuntaccen juzu'i na rarraba don matsakaicin tsawon zango, kwararar haske, da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba suna zama daidaitaccen, yana ba da damar mafi kyawun daidaiton launi a cikin aikace-aikacen LED masu yawa ba tare da tantancewa da hannu ba.
• Haɗawa:Yanayin ya haɗa da haɗa resistors masu iyakance halin ko ICs na sarrafawa a cikin fakitin LED don sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'ira.

Ana motsa waɗannan yanayin ta hanyar buƙatun daga motoci, kayan lantarki na mabukaci, da kasuwannin haske na gabaɗaya don ƙarin ingantaccen, amintacce, da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa masu dacewa da ƙira.