Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- 1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
- 1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali
- 1.2 Aikace-aikace da Kasuwa da Ake Nufi
- Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na haƙiƙa game da sigogi na aikin lantarki da na gani na na'urar.
- Waɗannan su ne iyakokin damuwa waɗanda ba za a iya wuce su a kowane yanayi ba, ko da na ɗan lokaci. Aiki fiye da waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin.
- Waɗannan su ne sigogi na aikin yau da kullun da aka auna a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji a yanayin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C.
- Takardar bayanan ta nuna cewa an "rarraba na'urori don ƙarfin haske." Wannan yana nufin tsarin binning ko rarrabuwa.
- Takardar bayanan tana nuni ga "Lanƙwasa Halaye na Lantarki/Gani na Yau da Kullun." Waɗannan siffofi masu hoto suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba daidai ba. Ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin rubutun ba, yawanci sun haɗa da:
- 5.1 Girman Kunshin
- Na'urar tana da ƙayyadaddun siffar zahiri. Duk girma suna cikin milimita, tare da daidaitattun ƙimar ±0.25 mm (0.01 inch) sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. An yi nuni da ainihin zanen girma a cikin takardar bayanan.
- Nuni yana da tsarin pin 14, tare da pin 11 da 12 suna "Babu Pin" (NC). Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna ginin ginin cathode na gama-gari don layuka da anodes na mutum ɗaya don ginshiƙai, suna samar da matrix 5x7. Pinout kamar haka ne:
- 6.1 Tsarin Solder
- Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima ya ƙayyade bayanin yanayin zafin solder: matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi a wuri 1.6mm ƙasa da jikin kunshin. Wannan ƙima ce ta yau da kullun don abubuwan haɗin rami don solder na igiyar ruwa. Don sake karkatar da solder na nau'in SMD (wanda aka ambata a cikin ajiya), ana buƙatar takamaiman bayanin da ya bi matakin Haɗarin Danshi (MSL) na kunshin.
- Daidaitaccen ajiya yana da mahimmanci don hana tsatsa pin da tabbatar da iya solder.
- Takardar bayanan tana ba da jagora mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai aminci da amfani.
- LTP-1057AHR nuni ne na LED matrix ɗigo. Ya ƙunshi abubuwan LED guda 35 (ginshiƙai 5 x layuka 7) waɗanda aka tsara a cikin grid rectangular. Kowane LED (ɗigo) haɗin gwiwar semiconductor p-n ne wanda ke fitar da hasken ja-orange lokacin da aka yi masa bambanci na gaba—wani abu da ake kira electroluminescence. Takamaiman launi an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (GaAsP/GaP ko AlInGaP/GaAs kamar yadda aka lura). Ana haɗa nuni: ta hanyar kunna (jefa halin yanzu zuwa ƙasa) cathode layi ɗaya a lokaci guda yayin amfani da halin yanzu na gaba ga anodes ginshiƙan da suka dace don wannan layin, ana iya nuna harafi gabaɗaya. Wannan binciken yana faruwa da sauri fiye da yadda idon ɗan adam zai iya gani, yana haifar da siffa mai ƙarfi yayin rage yawan pin din tuƙi da ake buƙata idan aka kwatanta da tuƙi kowane LED 35 daban.
- Q: Menene manufar ƙimar aikin aiki 1/16 don ƙarfin haske?
1. Bayyani Game da Samfur
LTP-1057AHR na'urar nunin lambobi da haruffa ce ta lamba ɗaya, wacce aka ƙera don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar fitar da haruffa masu bayyanawa da saukin karantawa. Babban aikinta shi ne wakiltar bayanai ta gani, yawanci haruffan da aka ƙididdige su ta ASCII ko EBCDIC, ta hanyar jerin fitilun LED masu haske waɗanda za'a iya sarrafa su daban-daban.
1.1 Siffofi da Fa'idodi na Asali
Na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci da yawa don haɗawa cikin tsarin lantarki:
- Girman Haruffa Mai Girma:Yana da tsayin matrix 1.24-inch (31.5 mm), yana tabbatar da kyakkyawan gani daga nesa da kuma a cikin yanayin haske daban-daban.
- Ƙarancin Amfani da Wutar Lantarki:An ƙera shi don aiki mai inganci, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da baturi ko masu kulawa da makamashi.
- Kyakkyawan Karantawa:Yana ba da nunin faɗin kallo mai faɗi, tare da fuska ja da ɗigo ja don babban bambanci.
- Babban Amincewa:A matsayin na'urar da ba ta motsi, tana ba da dogon rayuwar aiki da ƙarfi a kan girgiza da rawar jiki idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin nunin injina.
- Daidaitaccen Hanyar Haɗin kai:Tsarin 5x7 tare da ginin zaɓin X-Y (layi-ginshiƙi) ya dace da na'urorin sarrafawa na yau da kullun da hanyoyin haɗin kai na IC.
- Sassauƙan Ƙira:Ana iya jera na'urorin a kwance, yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar nunin lambobi da yawa.
- Tabbacin Inganci:An rarraba na'urorin (bin) don ƙarfin haske, yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin raka'a da yawa a cikin taro.
- Daidaitaccen Muhalli:Kunshin ba shi da gubar, yana bin umarnin RoHS (Ƙuntata Abubuwa Masu Hadari).
1.2 Aikace-aikace da Kasuwa da Ake Nufi
An yi amfani da wannan nuni a cikin kayan aikin lantarki na yau da kullun a fannoni daban-daban. Yankunan aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ba:
- Kayan Aikin Ofis:Allunan kayan aiki, alamomin yanayi akan firinta, kwafi, ko na'urorin faks.
- Kayan Aikin Sadarwa:Nunin tashoshi, alamomin ƙarfin siginar, ko karatun yanayi.
- Nunin sigogi na tsari, yanayin inji, ko karatun lokaci.Kayan Aikin Gwaji da Aunawa:
- Karatun lambobi don ma'aunin lantarki, ƙididdige mitoci, ko wutar lantarki.Kayan Lantarki na Masu Amfani:
- Nunawa don kayan aikin sauti, kayan aikin gida, ko ayyukan sha'awa.Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba a ƙera wannan nuni don aikace-aikacen da gazawar zai iya haifar da haɗari kai tsaye ga rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, jirgin sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, sarrafa zirga-zirga mai mahimmanci) ba tare da tuntuɓar farko da ƙwarewa ta musamman ba.
2. Ƙayyadaddun Fasaha da Fassarar Manufa
Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike na haƙiƙa game da sigogi na aikin lantarki da na gani na na'urar.
2.1 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar
Waɗannan su ne iyakokin damuwa waɗanda ba za a iya wuce su a kowane yanayi ba, ko da na ɗan lokaci. Aiki fiye da waɗannan iyakoki na iya haifar da lalacewa na dindindin.
Rushewar Wutar Lantarki a kowane Sashi:
- 75 mW. Wannan yana iyakance tasirin haɗin gwiwa na halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F).Matsakaicin Halin Yanzu na Gaba a kowane Sashi:
- 60 mA, amma kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini 0.1ms). Wannan don tsare-tsaren haɗaɗɗiyar.Ci gaba da Halin Yanzu na Gaba a kowane Sashi:
- 25 mA a 25°C. Wannan ƙimar tana raguwa da layi ta 0.33 mA/°C yayin da yanayin yanayi (T_a) ya ƙaru sama da 25°C. Misali, a 65°C, matsakaicin halin yanzu na ci gaba zai kasance kusan: 25 mA - [ (65°C - 25°C) * 0.33 mA/°C ] = 25 mA - 13.2 mA = 11.8 mA.Yanayin Zafin Jiki:
- An ƙayyade yanayin aiki da adanawa daga -35°C zuwa +85°C.Zafin Solder:
- Matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi 1.6mm (1/16 inch) ƙasa da matakin wurin zama na na'urar. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don hanyoyin solder na igiyar ruwa ko sake karkatarwa.2.2 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani
Waɗannan su ne sigogi na aikin yau da kullun da aka auna a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayin gwaji a yanayin yanayi (T_a) na 25°C.
Matsakaicin Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):
- Ya kewayo daga 1780 µcd (matsakaici) zuwa 4000 µcd (na yau da kullun) lokacin da aka tuƙa shi da halin yanzu mai bugun jini (I_p) na 80 mA tare da aikin aiki 1/16. Wannan babban halin yanzu mai bugun jini yana ba da damar fahimtar haske a cikin aikace-aikacen haɗaɗɗiyar.Halayen Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon:
- Matsakaicin Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_p):
- 630 nm (bakan ja-orange). An auna shi a I_F=20mA.Rabin Faɗin Layin Bakan (Δλ):
- 40 nm. Wannan yana nuna yaduwar tsawon tsawon hasken da aka fitar.Tsawon Tsawon Tsawon (λ_d):
- 621 nm. Wannan shine tsawon tsawon guda ɗaya da idon ɗan adam ya fahimci ya dace da launin hasken da aka fitar.Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba a kowane Sashi (V_F):
- Ya kewayo daga 2.0 V (matsakaici) zuwa 2.6 V (na yau da kullun) a I_F=20mA. Dole ne ƙirar da'ira ta yi la'akari da wannan kewayon don tabbatar da tuƙi na halin yanzu mai daidaito.Halin Yanzu na Baya a kowane Sashi (I_R):
- Matsakaicin 100 µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (V_R) na 5V. Takardar bayanan ta faɗi a sarari cewa wannan yanayin ƙarfin lantarki na baya don dalilai na gwaji ne kawai kuma bai kamata a ci gaba da aiki da na'urar a ƙarƙashin rashin daidaito ba.Matsakaicin Daidaiton Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V-m):
- Matsakaicin 2:1 tsakanin sassan lokacin da aka tuƙa shi a I_F=10mA. Wannan yana ƙayyade matsakaicin bambancin haske da aka yarda tsakanin sassa daban-daban (ɗigo) a cikin raka'a nuni ɗaya.Muhimmin Bayani Game da Aunawar Ƙarfin Hasken:
Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da haɗin firikwensin da tacewa wanda ke kusantar da lanƙwasa amsawar ido na CIE photopic, yana tabbatar da ƙimar tana da alaƙa da fahimtar haske na ɗan adam.3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning
Takardar bayanan ta nuna cewa an "rarraba na'urori don ƙarfin haske." Wannan yana nufin tsarin binning ko rarrabuwa.
Binning na Ƙarfin Hasken:
- Bayan kera su, ana gwada LED kuma a raba su zuwa ƙungiyoyi daban-daban (kwantena) dangane da ƙarfin hasken da aka auna a daidaitaccen halin yanzu na gwaji. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa lokacin da mai ƙira ya zaɓi abubuwan haɗi daga lambar kwandon ɗaya, nuni ɗin zai sami matakan haske iri ɗaya. Wannan yana da mahimmanci lokacin haɗa nuni da yawa a gefe don guje wa bambance-bambancen haske da ake iya gani ("wurare masu zafi" ko "wurare masu duhu"). Takardar bayanan ta ba da shawarar yin amfani da nuni daga kwandon ɗaya don aikace-aikacen raka'a da yawa.Binning na Tsawon Tsawon/Launi:
- Duk da yake ba a bayyana dalla-dalla a cikin abin da aka fitar ba, al'ada ce ga masu kera LED su ma su rarraba na'urori dangane da tsawon tsawon tsawon (λ_d) ko daidaitattun daidaitattun launi don tabbatar da daidaiton launi. Ƙayyadaddun λ_d na 621 nm mai yiwuwa shine ƙimar manufa ta tsakiya don wannan samfurin.4. Binciken Lanƙwasa Aiki
Takardar bayanan tana nuni ga "Lanƙwasa Halaye na Lantarki/Gani na Yau da Kullun." Waɗannan siffofi masu hoto suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba daidai ba. Ko da yake ba a ba da takamaiman lanƙwasa a cikin rubutun ba, yawanci sun haɗa da:
Halin Yanzu na Gaba vs. Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-V):
- Yana nuna alaƙar da ba ta da layi tsakanin halin yanzu da ƙarfin lantarki. Lanƙwasa zai nuna ƙarfin lantarki na kunna da yadda V_F ke ƙaruwa tare da I_F. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirar da'irar iyakance halin yanzu.Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Yanzu na Gaba (Lanƙwasa I-L):
- Yana kwatanta yadda fitar da haske ke ƙaruwa tare da tuƙi na halin yanzu. Gabaɗaya yana da layi a kan kewayon amma zai cika a cikin halin yanzu mai girma sosai. Wannan yana taimakawa inganta halin yanzu na tuƙi don haske da ake so da inganci da rayuwa.Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:
- Yana nuna yadda fitar da haske ke raguwa yayin da zafin jiki na LED ke ƙaruwa. Wannan lanƙwasa raguwa yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke aiki a yanayin zafi mai girma.Rarraba Bakan:
- Zane na ƙarfin dangi da tsawon tsawon tsawon, yana nuna kololuwa a ~630 nm da rabin faɗin 40 nm.5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshin
5.1 Girman Kunshin
Na'urar tana da ƙayyadaddun siffar zahiri. Duk girma suna cikin milimita, tare da daidaitattun ƙimar ±0.25 mm (0.01 inch) sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. An yi nuni da ainihin zanen girma a cikin takardar bayanan.
5.2 Haɗin Pin da Da'irar Ciki
Nuni yana da tsarin pin 14, tare da pin 11 da 12 suna "Babu Pin" (NC). Zanen da'irar ciki yana nuna ginin ginin cathode na gama-gari don layuka da anodes na mutum ɗaya don ginshiƙai, suna samar da matrix 5x7. Pinout kamar haka ne:
Pin 1: Cathode Layi 5
- Pin 2: Cathode Layi 7
- Pin 3: Anode Ginshiƙi 2
- Pin 4: Anode Ginshiƙi 3
- Pin 5: Cathode Layi 4
- Pin 6: Anode Ginshiƙi 5
- Pin 7: Cathode Layi 6
- Pin 8: Cathode Layi 3
- Pin 9: Cathode Layi 1
- Pin 10: Anode Ginshiƙi 4
- Pin 11: Babu Haɗin kai
- Pin 12: Babu Haɗin kai
- Pin 13: Anode Ginshiƙi 1
- Pin 14: Cathode Layi 2
- Dole ne a bi wannan tsari na pin a hankali don aikin nuni mai kyau. Ƙirar cathode na gama-gari tana nufin don haskaka takamaiman ɗigo, dole ne a tuƙi anode ginshiƙin da ya dace sama (tare da iyakance halin yanzu), yayin da dole ne a ja cathode layin ƙasa.
6. Jagororin Solder, Taro, da Ajiya
6.1 Tsarin Solder
Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima ya ƙayyade bayanin yanayin zafin solder: matsakaicin 260°C na matsakaicin dakika 3, ana auna shi a wuri 1.6mm ƙasa da jikin kunshin. Wannan ƙima ce ta yau da kullun don abubuwan haɗin rami don solder na igiyar ruwa. Don sake karkatar da solder na nau'in SMD (wanda aka ambata a cikin ajiya), ana buƙatar takamaiman bayanin da ya bi matakin Haɗarin Danshi (MSL) na kunshin.
6.2 Yanayin Ajiya
Daidaitaccen ajiya yana da mahimmanci don hana tsatsa pin da tabbatar da iya solder.
Don Nunin Ramin Rami (LTP-1057AHR):
- Ajiye a cikin kunshin asali a 5°C zuwa 30°C kuma ƙasa da 60% Yanayin Danshi (RH). Ba a ƙarfafa ajiyar dogon lokaci ba.Don Nunin LED na SMD (An ambata):
- A cikin Jakar da aka Rufe:
- 5°C zuwa 30°C, ƙasa da 60% RH.Bayan Buɗe Jaka:
- 5°C zuwa 30°C, ƙasa da 60% RH, na matsakaicin sa'o'i 168 (kwanaki 7) idan MSL yana mataki na 3. Bayan wannan lokacin, ana ba da shawarar yin gasa a 60°C na awanni 24 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da hana lalacewar "popcorning" yayin sake karkatarwa.Shawarar Gabaɗaya:
- Cinye kayan cikin sauri kuma ku guji tarin dogon lokaci mai girma.7. Shawarwarin Ƙira da Gargaɗin Aikace-aikace
Takardar bayanan tana ba da jagora mai mahimmanci don ƙirar da'ira mai aminci da amfani.
Hanyar Tuƙi:
- Ana ba da shawarar tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai-akai fiye da ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai don tabbatar da daidaiton ƙarfin haske da tsawon rayuwa, saboda ƙarfin lantarki na gaba na LED yana da juriya kuma yana bambanta da zafin jiki.Kariyar Da'ira:
- Dole ne da'irar tuƙi ta kare daga ƙarfin lantarki na baya da ƙarfin lantarki na wucin gadi yayin jerin kunna/kashe wutar lantarki, saboda rashin daidaito na iya haifar da ƙaura na ƙarfe da gazawa.Iyakance Halin Yanzu:
- Dole ne a zaɓi halin yanzu na aiki mai aminci yana la'akari da matsakaicin yanayin yanayi, yana amfani da ƙimar raguwa daga Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar.Gudanar da Zafin Jiki:
- Guɓe yanayin aiki mafi girma fiye da abin da aka ba da shawarar, saboda wannan yana haɓaka lalacewar fitar da haske (rage lumen) kuma zai iya haifar da gazawa da wuri.La'akari da Muhalli:
- Guɓe saurin canjin yanayin zafi a cikin yanayi mai yawan danshi don hana hazo akan nuni.Sarrafa Injiniya:
- Kada ku yi amfani da ƙarfi mara kyau ga jikin nuni yayin haɗawa. Idan kuna amfani da fim ɗin murfin gaba, tabbatar cewa bai matsa ƙarfi da fuskar nuni ba, saboda manne na iya sa fim ɗin ya motsa.Daidaiton Nuni Da Yawa:
- Don aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da nuni biyu ko fiye, zaɓi raka'a daga kwandon ƙarfin haske ɗaya don guje wa rashin daidaiton haske (rashin daidaiton launi).8. Ka'idar Aiki
LTP-1057AHR nuni ne na LED matrix ɗigo. Ya ƙunshi abubuwan LED guda 35 (ginshiƙai 5 x layuka 7) waɗanda aka tsara a cikin grid rectangular. Kowane LED (ɗigo) haɗin gwiwar semiconductor p-n ne wanda ke fitar da hasken ja-orange lokacin da aka yi masa bambanci na gaba—wani abu da ake kira electroluminescence. Takamaiman launi an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar ƙarfin bandgap na kayan semiconductor da aka yi amfani da su (GaAsP/GaP ko AlInGaP/GaAs kamar yadda aka lura). Ana haɗa nuni: ta hanyar kunna (jefa halin yanzu zuwa ƙasa) cathode layi ɗaya a lokaci guda yayin amfani da halin yanzu na gaba ga anodes ginshiƙan da suka dace don wannan layin, ana iya nuna harafi gabaɗaya. Wannan binciken yana faruwa da sauri fiye da yadda idon ɗan adam zai iya gani, yana haifar da siffa mai ƙarfi yayin rage yawan pin din tuƙi da ake buƙata idan aka kwatanta da tuƙi kowane LED 35 daban.
9. Tambayoyin Ƙira na Gama-gari da Amsoshi
Q: Menene manufar ƙimar aikin aiki 1/16 don ƙarfin haske?
A: An ƙera nuni don aikin haɗaɗɗiyar. Halin yanzu mai bugun jini na 80mA a ƙaramin aikin aiki (misali, 1/16) yana ba da haske mai girma na nan take. Lokacin da aka yi matsakaici akan lokaci kuma aka haɗa shi da dagewar hangen nesa, wannan yana haifar da fahimtar nuni mai haske, mai ƙarfi yayin kiyaye matsakaicin wutar lantarki da zafi a kowane LED cikin iyakoki masu aminci.
Q: Me ya sa rashin daidaito yana da haɗari sosai ga wannan nuni na LED?
A: Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya fiye da ƙarancin matsakaicin (wanda aka nuna ta hanyar gwajin I_R a 5V) na iya haifar da rushewar haɗin gwiwar semiconductor. Mafi muni, ko da ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki na baya bayan lokaci zai iya haifar da ƙaura na atom ɗin ƙarfe a cikin guntu, yana haifar da ƙaruwar halin yanzu na ɗigon ruwa ko gajeriyar da'ira kai tsaye, yana lalata sashin na dindindin.
Q: Ta yaya zan iya ƙididdige resistor na iyakance halin yanzu da ake buƙata don sashi?
A: Yi amfani da mafi munin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (V_F max = 2.6V) daga takardar bayanan. Don wadata ƙarfin lantarki na akai-akai (V_supply), ƙimar resistor R = (V_supply - V_F) / I_F. Zaɓi I_F dangane da hasken da ake so, yana tabbatar da cewa yana ƙasa da iyakar halin yanzu na ci gaba da aka rage don yanayin aikin ku. Misali, tare da wadata 5V, V_F=2.6V, da I_F=15mA: R = (5 - 2.6) / 0.015 = 160 Ohms. Da'irar tuƙi na halin yanzu na akai-akai mafita ce mai ƙarfi.
Q: Zan iya amfani da wannan nuni a waje?
A: Kewayon yanayin aiki (-35°C zuwa +85°C) yana ba da damar yanayi da yawa na waje. Duk da haka, na'urar ba ta da ruwa ko kuma an rufe ta daga ƙura da danshi. Don amfani da waje, dole ne a sanya ta a cikin akwati mai ƙima da ya dace wanda ke kare ta daga abubuwan yanayi, yana sarrafa hazo, kuma mai yiwuwa ya haɗa da garkuwar rana don kiyaye bambanci a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye.
A: The operating temperature range (-35°C to +85°C) allows for many outdoor conditions. However, the device is not inherently waterproof or sealed against dust and moisture. For outdoor use, it must be housed in a properly rated enclosure that protects it from the elements, manages condensation, and possibly includes a sunshield to maintain contrast in direct sunlight.
Kalmomin Ƙayyadaddun LED
Cikakken bayanin kalmomin fasaha na LED
Aikin Hasken Wutar Lantarki
| Kalma | Naúrar/Wakilci | Bayanin Sauri | Me yasa yake da muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ingancin Hasken Wuta | lm/W (lumen kowace watt) | Fitowar haske kowace watt na wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin mafi ingancin kuzari. | Kai tsaye yana ƙayyade matakin ingancin kuzari da farashin wutar lantarki. |
| Gudun Hasken Wuta | lm (lumen) | Jimillar hasken da tushe ke fitarwa, ana kiransa "haske". | Yana ƙayyade ko hasken yana da haske sosai. |
| Kusurwar Dubawa | ° (digiri), misali 120° | Kusurwar da ƙarfin haske ya ragu zuwa rabi, yana ƙayyade faɗin haske. | Yana shafar kewar haskakawa da daidaito. |
| Zafin Launi (CCT) | K (Kelvin), misali 2700K/6500K | Zafi/sanyin haske, ƙananan ƙimomi rawaya/zafi, mafi girma fari/sanyi. | Yana ƙayyade yanayin haskakawa da yanayin da suka dace. |
| CI / Ra | Ba naúrar, 0–100 | Ikon ba da launukan abubuwa daidai, Ra≥80 yana da kyau. | Yana shafar sahihancin launi, ana amfani dashi a wurare masu buƙatu kamar shaguna, gidajen tarihi. |
| SDCM | Matakan ellipse MacAdam, misali "5-mataki" | Ma'aunin daidaiton launi, ƙananan matakai suna nufin mafi daidaiton launi. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi a cikin rukunin LED iri ɗaya. |
| Matsakaicin Tsawon Raɗaɗin Hasken | nm (nanomita), misali 620nm (ja) | Tsawon raɗaɗin haske daidai da launin LED masu launi. | Yana ƙayyade launin ja, rawaya, kore LED masu launi ɗaya. |
| Rarraba Bakan Hasken | Layin tsawon raɗaɗi da ƙarfi | Yana nuna rarraba ƙarfi a cikin tsawon raɗaɗin haske. | Yana shafar ba da launi da ingancin launi. |
Ma'auni na Lantarki
| Kalma | Alamar | Bayanin Sauri | Abubuwan ƙira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | Vf | Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki don kunna LED, kamar "maƙallan farawa". | Ƙarfin lantarki na injin dole ya zama ≥Vf, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙara don LED a jere. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba | If | Ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki don aikin LED na yau da kullun. | Yawanci tuƙi mai ƙarfi akai-akai, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙayyade haske da tsawon rai. |
| Matsakaicin Ƙarfin lantarki na bugun jini | Ifp | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki mai jurewa na ɗan lokaci, ana amfani dashi don duhu ko walƙiya. | Fadin bugun jini da sake zagayowar aiki dole ne a sarrafa su sosai don guje wa lalacewa. |
| Ƙarfin lantarki na baya | Vr | Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya da LED zai iya jurewa, wanda ya wuce zai iya haifar da rushewa. | Dangane dole ne ya hana haɗin baya ko ƙarfin lantarki. |
| Juriya na zafi | Rth (°C/W) | Juriya ga canja wurin zafi daga guntu zuwa solder, ƙasa yana da kyau. | Babban juriya na zafi yana buƙatar zubar da zafi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rigakafin ESD | V (HBM), misali 1000V | Ikon jurewa zubar da wutar lantarki, mafi girma yana nufin ƙasa mai rauni. | Ana buƙatar matakan hana wutar lantarki a cikin samarwa, musamman ga LED masu hankali. |
Gudanar da Zafi & Amincewa
| Kalma | Ma'aunin maɓalli | Bayanin Sauri | Tasiri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zazzabin Haɗin gwiwa | Tj (°C) | Ainihin yanayin aiki a cikin guntun LED. | Kowane raguwa 10°C na iya ninka tsawon rai; yayi yawa yana haifar da lalacewar haske, canjin launi. |
| Ragewar Lumen | L70 / L80 (sa'o'i) | Lokacin da haske ya ragu zuwa 70% ko 80% na farko. | Kai tsaye yana ayyana "tsawon sabis" na LED. |
| Kula da Lumen | % (misali 70%) | Kashi na hasken da aka riƙe bayan lokaci. | Yana nuna riƙon haske akan amfani na dogon lokaci. |
| Canjin Launi | Δu′v′ ko ellipse MacAdam | Matsakaicin canjin launi yayin amfani. | Yana shafar daidaiton launi a cikin yanayin haskakawa. |
| Tsufa na Zafi | Lalacewar kayan aiki | Lalacewa saboda yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci. | Zai iya haifar da raguwar haske, canjin launi, ko gazawar buɗe kewaye. |
Tufafi & Kayan Aiki
| Kalma | Nau'ikan gama gari | Bayanin Sauri | Siffofi & Aikace-aikace |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nau'in Kunshin | EMC, PPA, Yumbu | Kayan gida masu kare guntu, samar da hanyar sadarwa ta gani/zafi. | EMC: juriya mai kyau na zafi, farashi mai rahusa; Yumbu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, tsawon rai. |
| Tsarin Guntu | Gaba, Guntu Juyawa | Tsarin na'urorin lantarki na guntu. | Juyawar guntu: mafi kyawun zubar da zafi, inganci mafi girma, don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. |
| Rufin Phosphor | YAG, Silicate, Nitride | Yana rufe guntu shuɗi, yana canza wasu zuwa rawaya/ja, yana haɗa su zuwa fari. | Phosphor daban-daban suna shafar inganci, CCT, da CRI. |
| Ruwan tabarau/Optics | Lefi, Microlens, TIR | Tsarin gani a saman yana sarrafa rarraba haske. | Yana ƙayyade kusurwar dubawa da layin rarraba haske. |
Kula da Inganci & Rarraba
| Kalma | Abun rarraba | Bayanin Sauri | Manufa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kwalin Gudun Hasken | Lambar misali 2G, 2H | An tattara su ta hanyar haske, kowace ƙungiya tana da ƙananan/matsakaicin ƙimar lumen. | Yana tabbatar da daidaiton haske a cikin jeri ɗaya. |
| Kwalin Ƙarfin lantarki | Lambar misali 6W, 6X | An tattara su ta hanyar kewayon ƙarfin lantarki na gaba. | Yana sauƙaƙe daidaitawar tuƙi, yana inganta ingancin tsarin. |
| Kwalin Launi | Ellipse MacAdam 5-mataki | An tattara su ta hanyar daidaitattun launi, yana tabbatar da ƙuntataccen kewayon. | Yana ba da garantin daidaiton launi, yana guje wa launi mara daidaituwa a cikin kayan aikin. |
| Kwalin CCT | 2700K, 3000K da sauransu | An tattara su ta hanyar CCT, kowanne yana da madaidaicin kewayon daidaitawa. | Yana cika buƙatun CCT na yanayi daban-daban. |
Gwaji & Takaddun Shaida
| Kalma | Matsakaicin/Gwaji | Bayanin Sauri | Muhimmanci |
|---|---|---|---|
| LM-80 | Gwajin kula da lumen | Haskakawa na dogon lokaci a yanayin zafi akai-akai, yana rikodin lalacewar haske. | Ana amfani dashi don kimanta rayuwar LED (tare da TM-21). |
| TM-21 | Matsakaicin kimanta rayuwa | Yana kimanta rayuwa a ƙarƙashin yanayi na ainihi bisa bayanan LM-80. | Yana ba da hasashen kimiyya na rayuwa. |
| IESNA | Ƙungiyar Injiniyoyin Haskakawa | Yana rufe hanyoyin gwajin gani, lantarki, zafi. | Tushen gwaji da masana'antu suka amince. |
| RoHS / REACH | Tabbatarwar muhalli | Yana tabbatar da babu abubuwa masu cutarwa (darma, mercury). | Bukatar shiga kasuwa a duniya. |
| ENERGY STAR / DLC | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari | Tabbatarwar ingancin kuzari da aiki don samfuran haskakawa. | Ana amfani dashi a cikin sayayyan gwamnati, shirye-shiryen tallafi, yana haɓaka gasa. |