Takardar Bayani na LED Ja PLCC RF-RSRB14TS-BB - Girman 2.2x1.4x1.3mm - Ƙarfin Lantarki 1.8-2.4V - Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki 72mW - Takardar Fasaha ta Hausa

1. Bayanin Samfur

Wannan takarda tana ba da cikakken bayanin diode mai haskakawa (LED) ja da aka tsara don aikace-aikacen fasahar haɗawa ta saman (SMT). Na'urar tana amfani da kayan semiconductor na AIGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) da aka girma akan substrate don samar da ingantaccen haske ja. Babban fakitin shine Mai ɗaukar Guntu na Filastik mai Jagora (PLCC) tare da ƙananan girma na tsawon 2.2mm, faɗin 1.4mm, da tsayin 1.3mm. An ƙera wannan LED don samarwa mai yawa kuma yana nufin aikace-aikace masu buƙatar ingantaccen aiki mai dogaro a cikin yanayin haɗawa ta atomatik.

1.1 Fa'idodi na Asali da Kasuwar da Ake Nufi

LED yana ba da siffofi masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya dace da masana'antar kera lantarki ta zamani. Yana da kusurwar kallo mai faɗi sosai, yana tabbatar da rarraba haske iri ɗaya. Bangaren ya dace gaba ɗaya da daidaitattun hanyoyin haɗawa na SMT da sake narkewar guduro, yana sauƙaƙe samarwa mai yawa. Ana ba da shi akan tef da reel don kayan aikin ɗauka da sanyawa ta atomatik. Na'urar tana da Matakin Hatsarin Danshi (MSL) na Mataki na 2, yana nuna ana buƙatar matakan kulawa na yau da kullun. Ya bi ka'idojin muhalli na RoHS da REACH. Sanannen, tsarin gwajin cancantar samfurin yana bin ma'aunin AEC-Q101, yana sa ya dace don la'akari a aikace-aikacen mota, musamman don hasken mota na ciki.

2. Bincike Mai zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

Ana siffanta aikin LED a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayin gwaji, yawanci a yanayin zafin muhalli (Ts) na 25°C da daidaitaccen igiyar gwaji (IF) na 20mA.

2.1 Halaye na Lantarki da na Gani

Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba (VF) yana kewayo daga mafi ƙanƙanta na 1.8V zuwa mafi girma na 2.4V a 20mA, tare da ƙimar yau da kullun dangane da takamaiman kwandon shara. An tabbatar da cewa igiyar lantarki ta baya (IR) ta kasance ƙasa da 10µA lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) na 5V. Ƙarfin haske (IV) yana da faɗin kewayon daga millicandelas (mcd) 530 mafi ƙanƙanta zuwa mcd 1000 mafi girma. Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (WD), wanda ke ayyana launin da ake gani, yana cikin bakan ja tsakanin 627.5nm da 635nm. Na'urar tana ba da kusurwar kallo (2θ1/2) mai faɗi sosai na digiri 120, na yau da kullun. Ana ƙayyadadden juriyar zafi daga haɗin gwiwa zuwa wurin guduro (RTHJ-S) a matsayin 300°C/W, na yau da kullun.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Ƙimar

Waɗannan ƙididdiga suna ayyana iyakokin da za a iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin a bayansu. Matsakaicin igiyar lantarki ta gaba (IF) ci gaba shine 30mA. Ana ba da izinin kololuwar igiyar lantarki ta gaba (IFP) na 100mA a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini (1/10 aikin aiki, faɗin bugun jini na 10ms). Matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na baya (VR) shine 5V. Jimlar ɓarnawar wutar lantarki (PD) bai kamata ya wuce 72mW ba. Na'urar na iya jure watsawar wutar lantarki (ESD) na 2000V ta amfani da ƙirar Jikin Mutum (HBM), tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa sama da 90%. Kewayon zafin aiki (TOPR) yana daga -40°C zuwa +100°C, daidai da kewayon zafin ajiya (TSTG). Matsakaicin zafin haɗin gwiwa (TJ) shine 120°C.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Rarrabuwa

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara bisa mahimman sigogi da aka auna a IF=20mA.

3.1 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba

An raba ƙarfin lantarki na gaba zuwa kwandon shara shida (B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2), kowanne yana ɗaukar kewayon 0.1V daga 1.8-1.9V har zuwa 2.3-2.4V. Wannan yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar LED tare da ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi don daidaita igiyar ruwa a cikin da'irori masu jeri ko a layi daya.

3.2 Rarrabuwar Ƙarfin Hasken Hasken

An rarraba ƙarfin haske zuwa kwandon shara uku: K1 (530-650 mcd), K2 (650-800 mcd), da L1 (800-1000 mcd). Wannan yana ba da damar zaɓi bisa matakan haske da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacen.

3.3 Rarrabuwar Babban Tsayin Raƙuman Ruwa

Babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa, wanda ke ƙayyade inuwar ja, an jera shi cikin kwandon shara uku: F2 (627.5-630 nm), G1 (630-632.5 nm), da G2 (632.5-635 nm). Wannan yana tabbatar da daidaiton launi daidai a cikin taron.

4. Bincike na Lanƙwasa Aiki

Takardar bayanin tana ba da lanƙwasa halaye da yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

4.1 Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba da Igiya ta Gaba (Lanƙwasa IV)

Hoto 1-6 yana nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki na gaba da igiyar lantarki ta gaba. Lanƙwasa ba ta layi daya ba, na yau da kullun na diode. Ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa tare da igiyar ruwa, kuma takamaiman gangaren ya dogara da halayen semiconductor. Masu ƙira suna amfani da wannan lanƙwasa don ƙayyade raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a igiyoyin aiki daban da yanayin gwaji.

4.2 Igiya ta Gaba da Ƙarfin Hasken Dangi

Hoto 1-7 yana kwatanta yadda fitowar haske (ƙarfin dangi) ke canzawa tare da igiyar lantarki ta gaba. Gabaɗaya, fitowar haske tana ƙaruwa tare da igiyar ruwa, amma dangantakar bazata zama daidai daidai ba, musamman a manyan igiyoyin ruwa inda inganci zai iya raguwa saboda dumama.

4.3 Dogaro da Zazzabi

Hoto 1-8 da 1-9 suna nuna tasirin zafin wurin guduro (Ts) akan juzu'in haske na dangi da igiyar lantarki ta gaba, bi da bi. Ingantaccen LED yawanci yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Hoto 1-10 yana nuna yadda ƙarfin lantarki na gaba ke raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki, mummunan ƙimar zafin jiki na yau da kullun a cikin semiconductor.

4.4 Tsarin Radiation da Bakan

Hoto 1-11 zane ne na radiation (polar plot) wanda ke nuna rarraba ƙarfin haske na kusurwa, yana tabbatar da faɗin kusurwar kallo na digiri 120. Hoto 1-12 yana nuna canjin babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa tare da igiyar lantarki ta gaba, wanda yawanci ƙanƙanta ne don wannan tsarin kayan. Hoto 1-13 yana gabatar da rarraba ƙarfin bakan, yana nuna ƙaƙƙarfan kololuwar halayen LED mai launi ɗaya a kusa da babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Fakitin

5.1 Girman Fakitin da Tolerances

Fakitin LED yana da girman jiki na 2.2mm (L) x 1.4mm (W) x 1.3mm (H). Duk tolerances masu girma suna ±0.20mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade su. Takardar ta haɗa da ra'ayoyin sama, gefe, da ƙasa (Hoto 1-1, 1-2, 1-3) suna cikakken bayanin jiki.

5.2 Gano Polarity da Ƙirar Pad

Hoto 1-4 yana nuna polarity. Ana alamar cathode, sau da yawa ta hanyar tsaga, ɗigo, ko alama mai kore akan fakitin. Hoto 1-5 yana ba da shawarar girman guduro (tsarin ƙasa) don ƙirar PCB don tabbatar da ingantaccen guduro da kwanciyar hankali na injiniya yayin sake kwarara.

6. Jagororin Guduro da Taro

6.1 Umarnin Guduro na Sake Guduro na SMT

Wani sashe na musamman ya zayyana umarni don sake guduro na SMT. Duk da yake cikakkun bayanan bayanan zafin jiki (dumama, jiƙa, kololuwar sake kwarara, sanyaya) ba a bayar da su a cikin ɓangaren da aka ɗauka ba, yana jaddada cewa samfurin ya dace da duk hanyoyin SMT. Dole ne masu amfani su koma ga shawarwarin masana'anta na man guduro kuma su tabbatar cewa bayanin martaba bai wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki na na'urar ba, musamman iyakar zafin haɗin gwiwa na 120°C.

6.2 Matakan Kulawa

An jera matakan kulawa na gabaɗaya. Saboda matakin MSL Level 2, dole ne a yi amfani da na'urar a cikin takamaiman lokaci bayan an buɗe jakar busasshiyar fakitin ko a gasa bisa ga ka'idojin IPC/JEDEC na yau da kullun kafin guduro. Matakan kariya na ESD suna da mahimmanci yayin kulawa, kamar yadda ƙimar HBM na 2000V ta ƙayyade. Dole ne a kula don guje wa damuwa na injiniya akan ruwan tabarau da jagororin.

7. Fakitin da Dogaro

7.1 Ƙayyadaddun Fakitin

Ana ba da LED akan tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya da aka yi wa igiya akan reels. Takardar bayanin ta haɗa da girma don aljihun tef ɗin mai ɗaukar kaya, diamita na reel, da girman cibiya don dacewa da masu ciyar da SMT na yau da kullun. Ƙayyadaddun fom ɗin lakabin yana tabbatar da gano bayanai kamar lambar sashi, adadi, da lambar kwanan wata.

7.2 Fakitin Mai Juriya da Danshi da Akwatin

Ana tattara na'urorin cikin jakunkuna masu hana danshi tare da busassun abu da katunan nuna alamar danshi don kiyaye ingancin Matakin MSL na 2 yayin ajiya da sufuri. Ana saka waɗannan jakunkuna a cikin akwatunan kati don jigilar kaya.

7.3 Abubuwan Gwajin Dogaro da Yanayi

Samfurin yana fuskantar jerin gwaje-gwajen dogaro bisa ga jagororin AEC-Q101. Duk da yake takamaiman gwaje-gwaje da yanayi (misali, Rayuwar Aiki mai Zafi, Kewayawar Zafin Jiki, gwajin Danshi) ba a cikakken bayani a cikin ɓangaren da aka ɗauka ba, haɗa su yana nuna samfurin yana fuskantar ƙaƙƙarfan cancantar don tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayi masu wahala kamar cikin mota.

8. Shawarwari na Aikace-aikace da La'akari da Ƙira

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Babban aikace-aikacen da aka bayyana shineHasken Mota Cikin Gida. Wannan ya haɗa da hasken baya na dashboard, fitilun nuni, hasken maɓalli, hasken yanayi, da nunin tsakiyar kwamfuta. Cancantar sa ta AEC-Q101 ya sa ya zama ɗan takara don irin waɗannan aikace-aikace. Hakanan ana iya amfani da shi a cikin na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci na gabaɗaya, alamun alama, da alamomi inda ake buƙatar LED ja SMT mai dogaro.

8.2 La'akari da Ƙira

Iyakance Igiya:Koyaushe yi amfani da resistor mai iyakance igiyar ruwa ko direba mai igiyar ruwa ta dindindin. Matsakaicin igiyar ruwa ta ci gaba shine 30mA; aiki a ko ƙasa da 20mA shine ma'auni don tsawon rai.
Gudanar da Thermal:Tare da juriya na zafin jiki na 300°C/W, dole ne a sarrafa ɓarnawar wutar lantarki. A 20mA da VF na yau da kullun na 2.1V, wutar lantarki shine 42mW. Tabbatar da ƙirar PCB tana ba da isasshen taimako na zafin jiki, musamman idan an yi amfani da LED da yawa ko kuma ana aiki da manyan igiyoyin ruwa.
Ƙirar Gani:Kusurwar kallo na digiri 120 tana da faɗi sosai. Don haske mai da hankali, ƙila ana buƙatar na'urori na gani na biyu (ruwan tabarau). Ya kamata a sake duba tsarin ƙarfin haske don buƙatun daidaito.
Zaɓin Rarrabuwa:Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar kamanni iri ɗaya, ƙayyade ƙananan kwandon shara don babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa da ƙarfin haske. Don aikace-aikacen masu mahimmanci na farashi, ƙila za a yarda da kwandon shara mai faɗi.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha da Bambance-bambance

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED ja, wannan na'urar tana ba da fa'idodi na musamman:
Kayan (AIGaInP):Yana ba da inganci mai girma da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na launi akan zafin jiki da igiyar ruwa idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi.
Fakitin (PLCC 2.2x1.4):Fakitin ƙarfi kuma na gama gari yana ba da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na injiniya da zubar da zafi idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan fakitin sikelin guntu.
Cancantar Mota (AEC-Q101):Wannan shine babban abin banbanta, yana nuna ƙarin sarrafa tsari da gwajin dogaro fiye da LED na kasuwanci, yana sa ya dace da yanayi masu wahala.
Kusurwar Kallo Mai Faɗi:Kusurwar digiri 120 tana da kyau sosai don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar haske mai faɗi ba tare da na'urori na gani na biyu ba.

10. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQs)

Q: Menene igiyar aikin da aka ba da shawarar?
A: Daidaitaccen yanayin gwaji shine 20mA, wanda shine wurin aiki na gama gari kuma mai dogaro. Matsakaicin cikakke shine 30mA ci gaba.

Q: Ta yaya zan gano anode da cathode?
A: Dubi Hoto 1-4 (Polarity) a cikin takardar bayanin. Yawanci ana yiwa alamar cathode akan jikin fakitin.

Q: Ana buƙatar sink na zafi?
A: Don aiki a 20mA ko ƙasa a cikin yanayin muhalli na yau da kullun, yawanci ba a buƙatar sink na zafi na musamman. Duk da haka, ana ba da shawarar kyakkyawan ƙirar zafin jiki na PCB (pad na tagulla), musamman don LED da yawa ko manyan yanayin zafi.

Q: Zan iya amfani da wannan don hasken mota na waje?
A: Takardar bayanin ta bayyana musamman "Hasken Mota Cikin Gida." Aikace-aikacen waje sau da yawa suna da ƙarin buƙatu don kewayon zafin jiki, danshi, da bayyanar UV. Tuntubi masana'anta don samfuran matakin waje.

Q: Menene tsawon rayuwa na yau da kullun?
A: Duk da yake ba a bayyana a sarari ba, LED masu cancantar ma'auni na AEC-Q101 yawanci suna nuna tsawon rayuwa mai tsawo (dubunnan sa'o'i) lokacin da ake aiki a cikin ƙididdigansu da aka ƙayyade.

11. Misalin Amfani na Aiki

Yanayi: Ƙirar gungun alamomin dashboard.
Mai ƙira yana buƙatar alamun gargadi/matsayi ja da yawa. Sun zaɓi wannan LED don cancantar mota da faɗin kusurwar kallo. Don tabbatar da daidaiton haske da launi, sun ƙayyade kwandon shara L1 don ƙarfin haske (800-1000 mcd) da G1 don babban tsayin raƙuman ruwa (630-632.5 nm). Sun ƙera PCB tare da shawarar shimfidar pad daga Hoto 1-5. Kowane LED ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki 5V ta hanyar resistor mai iyakance igiyar ruwa da aka ƙidaya don ~18mA (ƙasa da wurin gwaji na 20mA don gefe). Ana sanya tashoshi masu zafi a ƙarƙashin pad don zubar da zafi zuwa filin ƙasa na ciki. Ana isar da buƙatun Matakin MSL na 2 zuwa gidan taro don tabbatar da kulawa daidai kafin sake guduro.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

Wannan tushen haske ne na semiconductor. Cibiyar ita ce guntu da aka yi da yadudduka na AIGaInP da aka girma akan substrate. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba wanda ya wuce ƙofar diode, ana shigar da electrons da ramuka cikin yanki mai aiki inda suke sake haɗuwa. Wannan tsarin sake haɗawa yana sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons (haske). Takamaiman abun da ke cikin gawa na AIGaInP yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye ke ayyana tsayin raƙuman ruwa (launi) na hasken da aka fitar, a wannan yanayin, ja (~630 nm). Fakitin filastik na PLCC yana ɗauke da guntun, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, yana ɗauke da tsarin jagora don haɗin lantarki, kuma ya haɗa da ruwan tabarau da aka ƙera wanda ke siffanta fitowar haske don cimma faɗin kusurwar kallo.

13. Trends na Fasaha

Fasahar LED tana ci gaba da ci gaba. Ga LED ja na nuni, abubuwan da ke faruwa sun haɗa da:
Ƙara Ingantaccen:Ci gaba da kayan aiki da haɓakar haɓakar epitaxial suna haifar da ingantaccen haske mai haske (ƙarin haske a kowace watt na lantarki).
Ƙananan:Duk da yake fakitin PLCC na daidaitacce, akwai turawa zuwa ƙananan fakitin sikelin guntu (CSP) don allunan da ke da yawa.
Ƙarfafa Dogaro:Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin cancantar fiye da AEC-Q101, kamar faɗaɗa kewayon zafin jiki da gwajin tsawon rai, suna zama gama gari don amfanin mota da masana'antu.
Maganganun Haɗin kai:LED tare da resistor masu iyakance igiyar ruwa, diode na kariya (Zener don ƙarfin lantarki na baya), ko ma direbobin IC suna samuwa, suna sauƙaƙa ƙirar da'ira. Wannan na'urar ta musamman tana wakiltar cikakkiyar, abu mai dogaro, kuma an siffanta shi da kyau a cikin yanayin LED na nuni na SMT.