LED na SMD Mai Juyawa Orange 611nm - Kunshin EIA - 30mA - 75mW - Takardar Bayani ta Hausa

1. Bayyani Game da Samfur

Wannan takarda ta yi cikakken bayani game da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na LED na SMD mai juyawa mai haske mai ƙarfi. Na'urar tana amfani da guntu na semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP), wanda aka sani da inganci da aiki a cikin bakan tsayin rawaya-ja. An sanya LED a cikin kunshin EIA na al'ada tare da ruwan tabarau mai tsabta, wanda aka tsara don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar hasken orange mai dogaro da daidaito. Babban fa'idodin ƙirarta sun haɗa da dacewa da tsarin haɗawa na atomatik da kuma dacewa da tsarin solder na infrared (IR) mai zafi, wanda ya sa ya zama mai kyau ga ƙirar kera kayan lantarki na zamani.

2. Bincike Mai Zurfi na Sigogi na Fasaha

2.1 Iyakar Ma'auni Mafi Girma

Iyakar aikin na'urar an ayyana su a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin yanayi (Ta) na 25°C. Wucewa waɗannan ma'auni na iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

• Rushewar Wutar Lantarki (Pd):75 mW. Wannan shine matsakaicin adadin wutar lantarki da na'urar za ta iya watsawa cikin aminci a matsayin zafi.
• Matsakaicin Halin Gaba (I_FP):80 mA. Wannan halin yanzu yana halatta ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini, musamman a cikin zagayowar aiki 1/10 tare da faɗin bugun 0.1ms, yana ba da damar walƙiya mai ƙarfi na ɗan lokaci.
• Ci gaba da Halin Gaba (I_F):30 mA. Wannan shine matsakaicin halin yanzu da ake ba da shawarar don aiki na DC mai ci gaba, wanda ke ayyana ma'aunin aiki na al'ada don ma'aunin ƙarfin haske.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Baya (V_R):5 V. Yin amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na baya fiye da wannan iyaka na iya rushe haɗin PN na LED.
• Yanayin Aiki & Ajiya Zafin Jiki:-55°C zuwa +85°C. An ƙididdige na'urar don juriya na zafin jiki na masana'antu.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Solder na Infrared Reflow:260°C na matsakaicin dakika 10, mai dacewa da buƙatun haɗawa maras gubar (Pb-free).

2.2 Halayen Lantarki da Haske

Mahimman sigogi na aiki ana auna su a Ta=25°C tare da halin yanzu na gaba (I_F) na 20 mA, sai dai idan an faɗi.

• Ƙarfin Hasken (I_V):Ya bambanta daga mafi ƙarancin 45.0 mcd zuwa ƙimar al'ada na 90.0 mcd. Ana auna ƙarfin ta amfani da firikwensin da aka tace don dacewa da lankwasa amsawar idon ɗan adam na photopic (CIE).
• Kusurwar Dubawa (2θ_1/2):Digiri 130. Wannan faɗin kusurwar dubawa, wanda aka ayyana a matsayin cikakken kusurwar da ƙarfin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙimar axial, yana nuna tsarin fitarwa na Lambertian ko kusa da Lambertian wanda ya dace da hasken yanki ko alamun da ke buƙatar faɗin gani.
• Matsakaicin Tsayin Tsayi (λ_P):611 nm. Wannan shine tsayin tsayin da rarraba ƙarfin bakan ya kai matsakaicinsa.
• Mafi Girman Tsayin Tsayi (λ_d):605 nm. An samo shi daga madaidaitan launi na CIE, wannan tsayin tsayi guda ɗaya yana wakiltar launin da aka gani (orange) na LED mafi kyau.
• Faɗin Bakan (Δλ):17 nm. Wannan ƙunƙuntaccen faɗin bakan yana da halayen fasahar AlInGaP, yana ba da tsaftar launi mai cikar cikar.
• Ƙarfin Lantarki na Gaba (V_F):Yawanci 2.4 V, tare da matsakaicin 2.4 V a I_F=20mA. Dole ne masu ƙira su yi la'akari da wannan raguwar ƙarfin lantarki lokacin lissafin resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu na jeri.
• Halin Baya (I_R):Matsakaicin 10 μA a V_R=5V, yana nuna ingancin haɗin gwiwa mai kyau.
• Ƙarfin Ƙarfi (C):40 pF a 0V bias da 1 MHz. Wannan sigogi yana da alaƙa da sauyawa mai girma ko aikace-aikacen haɗawa.

3. Bayanin Tsarin Binning

Don tabbatar da daidaiton launi da haske a cikin samarwa, ana rarraba LED zuwa kwandon shara dangane da ƙarfin haske da aka auna a 20mA.

• Lambar Bin P:45.0 – 71.0 mcd
• Lambar Bin Q:71.0 – 112.0 mcd
• Lambar Bin R:112.0 – 180.0 mcd
• Lambar Bin S:180.0 – 280.0 mcd

Ana amfani da jurewar +/-15% a cikin kowane kwandon ƙarfi. Takardar bayani ba ta ƙayyade keɓance tsayin tsayi ko ƙarfin lantarki na gaba don wannan lambar sashi ba, yana nuna tsauraran sarrafawa akan waɗannan sigogi ko bayar da kwandon guda ɗaya.

4. Bincike na Lankwasa Ayyuka

Yayin da aka ambaci takamaiman lankwasan hoto amma ba a nuna su a cikin rubutun da aka bayar ba, ana iya ƙididdige alaƙar al'ada don irin waɗannan LED kuma suna da mahimmanci ga ƙira:

• Lankwasa I-V (Hali-Ƙarfin Lantarki):Yana nuna halayen diode na al'ada na ma'auni. Ƙarfin lantarki na gaba yana da ƙimar zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana V_Fyana raguwa kaɗan yayin da zafin haɗin gwiwa ya tashi.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Halin Gaba:Ƙarfin yana kusan daidai da halin yanzu na gaba a cikin kewayon aiki na al'ada amma zai cika a cikin halin yanzu mai girma saboda zafi da raguwar inganci.
• Ƙarfin Hasken vs. Yanayin Yanayi:Ga LED na AlInGaP, ƙarfin haske yawanci yana raguwa yayin da yanayin yanayi (da haɗin gwiwa) ya ƙaru. Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan raguwar zafin jiki a cikin yanayi mai zafi.
• Rarraba Bakan:Wani ƙunƙuntaccen lankwasa mai kama da Gaussian a kusa da 611 nm (kololuwa) tare da rabin faɗin 17 nm, yana tabbatar da fitarwar orange mai launi ɗaya.

5. Bayanin Injiniya da Kunshi

5.1 Girman Kunshi da Polarity

LED ya yi daidai da tsarin kunshin EIA na al'ada. Muhimman bayanan girma sun haɗa da:

• An ba da duk girma a cikin milimita, tare da jurewar gabaɗaya na ±0.10 mm sai dai idan an ƙayyade.
• Kalmar "juyawa" tana nuna cewa LED an sanya shi tare da babban fuskarsa mai fitar da haske yana fuskantar allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB), tare da fitar da haske ta wani buɗaɗɗen ko kuma a nuna shi. Zanen injiniya na ainihi zai fayyace yanayin ruwan tabarau dangane da gindin.
• Ana nuna polarity akan kunshin na'urar (misali, alamar cathode, tsaga, ko ɗigo) kuma dole ne a daidaita shi daidai da sawun ƙafar PCB.

5.2 Tsarin Gindin Solder da Ake Shawarta

An ba da tsarin ƙasa na gindin solder da aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da ingantaccen solder, kwanciyar hankali na injiniya, da kuma taimakon zafi yayin reflow. Bin wannan sawun yana da mahimmanci don hana kabari (tsayawar kayan aiki) ko ƙirar haɗin gwiwar solder mara kyau.

6. Jagororin Haɗawa da Sarrafawa

6.1 Tsarin Solder

Na'urar tana da cikakkiyar dacewa da tsarin solder na infrared (IR) reflow ta amfani da solder maras gubar (Pb-free). An ba da shawarar bayanin martaba na reflow, yana bin ka'idojin JEDEC.

• Preheat:150–200°C na matsakaicin dakika 120 don dumama allon a hankali da kuma kunna kwarara.
• Matsakaicin Zafin Jiki:Matsakaicin 260°C. Kada na'urar ta wuce wannan zafin.
• Lokaci Sama da Liquidus:Yanayin ya kamata ya iyakance lokacin da na'urar ta kasance sama da wurin narkewar solder zuwa abin da ake buƙata don haɗin gwiwa mai dogaro, yawanci kusan dakika 10 mafi girma a matsakaicin zafin jiki.
• Ƙarfe na Solder:Idan solder na hannu ya zama dole don gyara, ana ba da shawarar matsakaicin zafin ƙarshen 300°C tare da lokacin tuntuɓe na dakika 3 ko ƙasa da haka, kuma sau ɗaya kawai.

6.2 Tsaftacewa

Idan ana buƙatar tsaftacewa bayan solder, kawai yakamata a yi amfani da takamaiman kaushi. Abubuwan da ake ba da shawarar sune barasa na ethyl ko isopropyl a zafin daki, tare da lokacin nutsewa ƙasa da minti ɗaya. Sinadarai da ba a ƙayyade ba na iya lalata ruwan tabarau na epoxy ko kunshi.

6.3 Ajiya da Hancin Danshi

LED ɗin suna da hankali ga danshi (MSL 2a).

• Jaka Mai Rufi:Ajiye a ≤30°C da ≤90% RH. Rayuwar shiryayye shekara ɗaya ne lokacin da asalin jakar kariya ta danshi tare da desiccant ba a buɗe ba.
• Bude Jaka:Bayan buɗewa, yanayin ajiya bai kamata ya wuce 30°C / 60% RH ba. Ya kamata a yi wa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa reflow na IR cikin sa'o'i 672 (kwanaki 28).
• Faɗaɗa Bayyanawa:Don ajiya fiye da sa'o'i 672 daga asalin jaka, a toya a kusan 60°C na aƙalla sa'o'i 20 kafin solder don cire danshin da aka sha da kuma hana "popcorning" (fashewar kunshi yayin reflow).

6.4 Kariya daga Zubar da Lantarki (ESD)

LED suna da saukin lalacewa daga zubar da lantarki. Kariyar sarrafawa ta haɗa da amfani da igiyoyin wuyan hannu masu ƙasa, safar hannu masu hana lantarki, da kuma tabbatar da cewa duk kayan aiki da saman aiki suna da ƙasa daidai.

7. Kunshi da Oda

• Tepe da Reel:Ana samar da na'urori akan tepe mai ɗaukar kaya mai faɗin 8mm wanda aka nannade akan reels mai diamita 7-inch (178mm).
• Adadin kowane Reel:Guda 3000.
• Mafi ƙarancin Adadin Oda (MOQ):Guda 500 don sauran adadi.
• Ka'idojin Kunshi:Ya bi ƙa'idodin ANSI/EIA-481. Tepe yana da hatimin murfi, kuma ana ba da izinin fanko biyu a jere.

8. Bayanin Aikace-aikace da Abubuwan Ɗauka

8.1 Yanayin Aikace-aikace na Al'ada

Wannan LED orange ya dace da faffadan aikace-aikacen nuni da haske, gami da amma ba'a iyakance ga:

• Alamomin yanayi akan kayan lantarki na mabukaci, allunan sarrafa masana'antu, da kayan aikin sadarwa.
• Hasken baya ga almara akan maɓalli, allunan maɓalli, ko allunan membrane.
• Hasken cikin mota (wanda ba mai mahimmanci ba).
• Alamun kasuwanci da hasken ado inda ake buƙatar launin orange.

Sanarwa Mai Muhimmanci:An yi niyya don na'urar don daidaitattun kayan aikin lantarki. Aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar dogaro na musamman inda gazawar za ta iya haifar da haɗarin rayuwa ko lafiya (misali, jirgin sama, tallafin rayuwa na likita, tsarin amincin sufuri) suna buƙatar tuntuba da cancanta kafin.

8.2 Tsarin Da'irar Tuƙi

LED na'ura ce mai tuƙi na halin yanzu. Resistor mai iyakance halin yanzu na jeri wajibi ne lokacin tuƙi daga tushen ƙarfin lantarki don saita halin yanzu na aiki da ake so da kuma hana guduwar zafi. Ƙimar resistor (R_s) ana iya ƙididdige shi ta amfani da Dokar Ohm: R_s= (V_wadata- V_F) / I_F. Don aiki mai ƙarfi akan zafin jiki, ana ba da shawarar direbobi na halin yanzu na akai, musamman ga ƙirar da ke aiki kusa da matsakaicin ma'auni ko a cikin yanayin zafi daban-daban.

8.3 Gudanar da Zafi

Yayin da kunshin ya yi ƙanƙanta, sarrafa matsakaicin watsawar wutar lantarki na 75mW yana da mahimmanci don tsawon rai da kiyaye fitarwar haske. Isasshen yanki na tagulla akan PCB da aka haɗa zuwa gindin zafi (idan akwai) ko haɗin gwiwar solder na LED yana taimakawa wajen fitar da zafi daga haɗin gwiwa. Yin aiki a ƙananan halin yanzu fiye da matsakaicin 30mA yana rage watsawar wutar lantarki da zafin haɗin gwiwa sosai, yana tsawaita rayuwar aiki.

9. Kwatance da Bambance-bambancen Fasaha

Babban fa'idodin wannan dandamalin LED na musamman sun haɗa da:

• Ƙarfin Juyawa:Yana ba da sassaucin ƙira don ƙirar takamaiman tasirin gani ko kuma cimma shigarwa mai ƙanƙanta inda tushen haske ya ɓoye.
• Fasahar AlInGaP:Yana ba da inganci mafi girma da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki don launukan orange/ja idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin fasahohi kamar GaAsP.
• Faɗin Kusurwar Dubawa (130°):Yana ba da haske mai faɗi, daidai wanda ya dace da alamun panel.
• Haɗin Haɗin Ƙarfi:An ba da izini don sanyawa ta atomatik da daidaitattun bayanan martaba na reflow na IR maras gubar, yana rage rikitarwa da farashin ƙira.

10. Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi (FAQ)

Q1: Menene bambanci tsakanin tsayin tsayi (611nm) da tsayin tsayi mafi girma (605nm)?

A1: Matsakaicin tsayin tsayi shine kololuwar zahiri na bakan haske da aka fitar. Matsakaicin tsayin tsayi ƙima ce da aka ƙididdige dangane da fahimtar launin ɗan adam (ginshiƙi na CIE) wanda ya fi dacewa da launin da aka gani. Ga LED masu launi ɗaya kamar wannan, suna kusa amma ba iri ɗaya ba.

Q2: Shin zan iya tuƙa wannan LED a 30mA akai-akai?

A2: Ee, 30mA shine matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu na DC na gaba mai ci gaba. Duk da haka, don mafi kyawun rayuwa da dogaro, ana ba da shawarar tuƙi a ƙananan halin yanzu (misali, 20mA), yayin da yake rage zafin haɗin gwiwa da damuwa.

Q3: Me yasa akwai tsarin binning don ƙarfin haske?

A3: Bambance-bambancen ƙira suna haifar da ɗan bambanci a cikin fitarwar haske. Binning yana rarraba LED zuwa ƙungiyoyi masu irin wannan aiki, yana ba masu ƙira damar zaɓar kwandon da ya dace da buƙatun haskensu kuma ya tabbatar da daidaito a cikin raka'a da yawa a cikin samfur.

Q4: Yaya mahimmanci ne rayuwar bene na sa'o'i 672 bayan buɗe jakar?

A4: Yana da matukar mahimmanci don ingantaccen solder. Wuce wannan lokacin bayyanawa ba tare da zagayowar gasa ba na iya haifar da danshin da aka sha yana tururi yayin reflow, yana iya haifar da rabuwar ciki ko fashewa a cikin kunshin LED.

11. Nazarin Ɗabi'a da Amfani

Yanayi: Ƙirar Panel Nuna Yanayi don Router na Masana'antu.

Mai ƙira yana buƙatar LED orange da yawa "Aiki" akan allon gaba. Sun zaɓi wannan LED saboda haskensa, faɗin kusurwar dubawa, da dacewa da haɗawa ta atomatik. Ƙirar tana amfani da layin wadata na 3.3V. Da niyyar daidaitaccen halin yanzu na aiki na 20mA, an ƙididdige resistor na jeri: R = (3.3V - 2.4V) / 0.020A = 45 Ohms. An zaɓi resistor na al'ada na 47-ohm. Tsarin PCB yana amfani da shawarar gindin solder kuma ya haɗa da ƙaramin haɗin taimakon zafi zuwa jirgin ƙasa don watsa zafi. An ƙayyade LED daga Lambar Bin Q (71-112 mcd) don tabbatar da isasshen haske da daidaito. Allunan da aka haɗa sun wuce ta cikin tanda reflow maras gubar ta al'ada ta amfani da bayanin martaba mai dacewa da JEDEC, wanda ya haifar da haɗin gwiwar solder mai dogaro ba tare da lalacewar zafi ga abubuwan haɗin gwiwa ba.

12. Gabatarwa da Ka'idar Fasaha

Wannan LED ya dogara ne akan kayan semiconductor na Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP) da aka girma akan substrate. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na gaba a kan haɗin PN, electrons da ramuka suna sake haɗuwa a cikin yanki mai aiki, suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons—wani tsari da ake kira electroluminescence. Takamaiman rabo na aluminum, indium, da gallium a cikin lattice crystal yana ƙayyade ƙarfin bandgap, wanda kai tsaye yana ayyana tsayin tsayi (launi) na hasken da aka fitar—a wannan yanayin, orange (~605-611 nm). Ruwan tabarau na epoxy mai tsabta yana rufe guntu, yana ba da kariya ta injiniya, yana siffata fitarwar haske (kusurwar dubawa 130°), da kuma haɓaka ingancin fitar da haske.

13. Trends da Ci gaban Masana'antu

Trend a cikin LED na nuni na SMD yana ci gaba zuwa ga inganci mafi girma (ƙarin fitarwar haske a kowace raka'a na shigarwar lantarki), ingantaccen daidaiton launi ta hanyar ƙarin binning, da kuma haɓaka dogaro a ƙarƙashin yanayin solder da yanayin aiki mai zafi. Hakanan akwai yunƙurin ƙananan ƙira yayin da ake kiyayewa ko ƙara aikin gani. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin kai tare da kayan lantarki na kan jirgi (kamar resistors masu iyakance halin yanzu na gida ko direbobi IC) a cikin ƙarin ƙwararrun fakitin yana zama gama gari don sauƙaƙe ƙira. Amfani da AlInGaP don launukan orange/ja/amber ya kasance babbar fasaha mai inganci, kodayake ci gaba da bincike kan sabbin kayan kamar perovskites na iya ba da madadin gaba.