LED Jajayen 3.0x3.0x0.55mm – Wutar Gaba 2.3V – Ƙarfi 1.09W – Tsawon Wutar Mai rinjaye 612.5-625nm – Takardar Bayani Ta Fasaha Ta Turanci

1. Bayanin Samfurin

RF-A4E31-R15H-S1 wani LED jajaye ne mai inganci wanda aka kera don amfani a hasken ciki da waje na motoci masu buƙata. Yana amfani da tsarin epitaxial na AlGaInP (Aluminum Gallium Indium Phosphide) da aka girma a kan tushe, yana ba da haske mai kyau da aminci. Na'urar tana cikin fakitin EMC (Epoxy Molding Compound) na 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm × 0.55 mm, wanda ke ba da sarrafa zafi mai kyau da ƙarfin injina.

Wannan LED ya cancanta bisa ga ƙwararren gwajin AEC‑Q102 don masu ruɓaɓɓen semiconductor na matakin mota, yana sa ya dace da mahalli masu tsauri. Yana ba da kusurwar gani mai faɗi 120°, yana tabbatar da rarraba haske daidai. Samfurin ya bi ka'idodin RoHS kuma yana da matakin tsananin danshi na 2 (MSL‑2). Ana ba da shi a kan tef da reel (4000 guda/reel) don haɗuwa mai inganci a saman.

2. Sigogin Fasaha

2.1 Halayen Lantarki da Haske (a Ts=25 °C, IF=350 mA)

Tebur mai zuwa yana taƙaita mahimman sigogin lantarki da haske waɗanda aka auna a ƙarƙashin yanayin bugun jini a 25 °C:

• Wutar Gaba (V_F): Mafi ƙanƙanta 2.0 V, Matsakaici 2.3 V, Mafi girma 2.6 V a IF=350 mA (haƙuri na auna ±0.1 V).
• Wutar Baya (I_R): ≤10 µA a V_R=5 V.
• Haske mai girma (Φ): Mafi ƙanƙanta 55.3 lm, Mafi girma 93.2 lm a IF=350 mA (haƙuri ±10%).
• Tsawon Wutar Mai rinjaye (λ_D): Mafi ƙanƙanta 612.5 nm, Mafi girma 625 nm a IF=350 mA.
• Kusurwar Gani (2θ_1/2): Matsakaici 120°.
• Juriya na Zafi (Junction zuwa Solder): R_{th JS real}Matsakaici 12 °C/W (Mafi girma 19 °C/W); R_{th JS el}Matsakaici 6 °C/W (Mafi girma 10 °C/W) – an auna a 350 mA, 25 °C.

A 25 °C, ingancin canza haske zuwa lantarki η_eyana 47% (yanayin bugun jini). Mafi girman wutar da za a iya kashewa shine 1092 mW, kuma mafi girman wutar gaba shine 420 mA (700 mA kololuwa tare da zagaye na 1/10, nisa na bugun jini 10 ms). Zafin junction bai kamata ya wuce 150 °C ba.

2.2 Matsakaicin Matsayin Halatta

Dole ne a yi amfani da na'urar a cikin iyakokin da ke gaba:

• Kashewar Wutar (P_D): 1092 mW
• Wutar Gaba (I_F): 420 mA
• Kololuwar Wutar Gaba (I_FP): 700 mA
• Wutar Baya (V_R): 5 V
• ESD (HBM): 2000 V
• Zafin Aiki (T_OPR): −40 zuwa +125 °C
• Zafin Ajiya (T_STG): −40 zuwa +125 °C
• Zafin Junction (T_J): 150 °C

3. Tsarin Rarraba

3.1 Rarraba Wutar Gaba da Haske mai girma (IF=350 mA)

Ana rarraba LED a cikin kwano bisa ga wutar gaba (V_F) da haske mai girma (Φ):

• V_Fkwano (V): C0 (2.0–2.2), D0 (2.2–2.4), E0 (2.4–2.6).
• Kwano na haske mai girma (lm): PA (55.3–61.2), PB (61.2–67.8), QA (67.8–75.3), QB (75.3–83.7), RA (83.7–93.2).
• Kwano na tsawon wutar (nm): C2 (612.5–615), D1 (615–617.5), D2 (617.5–620), E1 (620–622.5), E2 (622.5–625).

Abokan ciniki na iya ƙayyade haɗin kwano da ake buƙata don tabbatar da aiki daidai a aikace-aikacen su.

4. Lanƙwasan Ayyuka

Ana ba da waɗannan halayen haske na yau da kullun don tunani na zane. Duk lanƙwasan an auna su a 25 °C sai dai in an lura akasin haka.

4.1 Wutar Gaba vs. Wutar Gaba (Hoto 1‑6)

A ƙaramin wuta, wutar gaba ta ƙaru sosai daga kimanin 1.6 V a 0 mA zuwa 2.0 V a 50 mA; sama da 100 mA lanƙwasan ya zama kusan madaidaici. Matsakaicin wutar gaba a 350 mA shine 2.3 V.

4.2 Wutar Gaba vs. Haske mai girma na Dangi (Hoto 1‑7)

Haske mai girma na dangi yana ƙaruwa kusan madaidaici tare da wutar gaba har zuwa 350 mA, yana kaiwa 100% haske na dangi a 350 mA. Bayan 350 mA, gangaren yana yin laushi a hankali saboda tasirin zafi.

4.3 Zafin Junction vs. Haske mai girma na Dangi (Hoto 1‑8)

Yayin da zafin junction ya tashi daga −40 °C zuwa 150 °C, haske mai girma na dangi ya ragu da kusan 40%. A 125 °C, hasken ya faɗi zuwa kusan 70% na darajar 25 °C.

4.4 Zafin Solder vs. Wutar Gaba (Hoto 1‑9)

Don guje wa wuce mafi girman zafin junction, dole ne a rage wutar gaba idan zafin solder ya wuce 25 °C. A zafin solder 125 °C, mafi girman wutar da aka yarda shine kusan 150 mA.

4.5 Canjin Wutar vs. Zafin Junction (Hoto 1‑10)

Canjin wutar gaba (ΔV_F) yana kusan madaidaici tare da zafin jiki: kusan −0.3 V a 150 °C da +0.3 V a −40 °C dangane da 25 °C.

4.6 Zanen Radiyashon (Hoto 1‑11)

LED yana fitar da haske mai faɗi, kamar rarraba Lambertian. Ƙarfin haske na dangi a ±60° yana kusan 50% na ƙarfin kan-axis, yana daidai da cikakken nisa a rabin mafi girma (FWHM) na 120°.

4.7 Canjin Tsawon Wutar Mai rinjaye vs. Zafin Junction (Hoto 1‑12)

Tsawon wutar mai rinjaye yana canzawa zuwa tsawon wutar da ya fi tsayi yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru. A 150 °C, canjin ya kusan +8 nm dangane da 25 °C; a −40 °C, canjin ya kusan −7 nm.

4.8 Rarraba Bakan (Hoto 1‑13)

Tsawon wutar fitarwa mafi girma yana kusa da 620 nm tare da kunkuntar cikakken nisa a rabin mafi girma (FWHM) na kusan 20 nm. Bakan yana nuna ƙananan kololuwa na biyu marasa muhimmanci, yana tabbatar da tsantsar launin ja.

5. Bayanin Fakitin Injiniya

5.1 Girman Fakitin

Na'urar fakitin haɗuwa a saman ne 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm tare da tsayin duka 0.55 mm. Saman sama shine silicone bayyananne na gani, yayin da kasa yana da pad na ƙarfe don haɗin zafi da lantarki. Ana nuna polarity ta hanyar tabo a kusurwa ɗaya (cathode).

5.2 Tsarin Pad na Solder da aka Shawarta

Don samun ingantaccen aikin zafi da lantarki, tsarin ƙasar PCB da aka shawarta shine 2.4 mm × 2.3 mm don pad na anode da 1.5 mm × 0.65 mm don pad na cathode, tare da tazara 0.55 mm. Duk girman suna ±0.2 mm.

6. Jagororin Hada da Solder

6.1 Bayanin Solder na Reflow

LED ya dace da daidaitaccen solder na SMT reflow. An yarda da mafi yawan zagaye biyu na reflow. Sigogin bayanin da aka shawarta sune:

• Preheat: 150 °C → 200 °C, 60–120 s
• Lokaci sama da 217 °C (T_L): max 60 s
• Zafin kololuwa (T_P): 260 °C, lokacin riƙewa ≤10 s (cikin 5 °C na kololuwa, max 30 s)
• Matsayin hawan: ≤3 °C/s (daga T_Smaxzuwa T_P)
• Matsayin sanyaya: ≤6 °C/s
• Lokaci duka daga 25 °C zuwa T_P: ≤8 min

Idan fiye da 24 h ya wuce tsakanin reflow biyu, dole ne a sake gasa LEDs don hana lalacewar danshi.

6.2 Kulawa da Tsaftacewa

Rufin silicone yana da laushi; guje wa matsin injiniya a kan lens. Yi amfani da barasa isopropyl kawai don tsaftacewa. Ba a ba da shawarar tsaftacewa ta ultrasonic ba. Kada ku yi amfani da mannen da ke fitar da tururin kwayoyin, saboda suna iya canza launin silicone.

7. Bayanin Marufi da Oda

Ana saka LEDs a cikin jakunkuna masu hana ƙwayar danshi mai hana wutar lantarki. Kowane reel yana ƙunshe da 4000 guda. Tef ɗin ɗaukar kaya (8 mm fadi) yana da girman: A₀= 3.30 mm, B₀= 3.50 mm, K₀= 0.90 mm. Diamita na reel shine 180 mm. Lakabi sun haɗa da lambar sashi, lambar lot, lambar kwano, adadi, da kwanan wata. Yanayin ajiya kafin buɗe jakar: ≤30 °C da ≤75% RH har zuwa shekara 1. Bayan buɗewa, yi amfani da shi cikin 24 h ko gasa a 60±5 °C na ≥24 h.

8. Bayanin Aikace-aikace

8.1 Aikace-aikace na Yau da Kullun

Wannan LED ja yana da kyau don haskaka ciki na mota (kayan kida, haskaka yanayi) da haskaka waje (fitilun baya, fitilun birki, alamun juyawa). Haskensa mai girma da kusurwar gani mai faɗi kuma sun dace da alamar aiki na gabaɗaya da aikace-aikacen alamar inda tsaftar launin ja ke da mahimmanci.

8.2 Sarrafa Zafi

Saboda fitowar hasken LED da tsawon wutar sun dogara da zafin junction, ingantaccen nutsewar zafi yana da mahimmanci. Dole ne a tsara juriyar zafi na PCB da duk wani ƙarin nutsewar zafi don kiyaye T_Jƙasa da 150 °C a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mafi muni. Ya kamata a haɗa pad ɗin solder zuwa wani babban yanki na jan karfe.

8.3 Rage Wutar

Lokacin aiki a yanayin zafi mai tsayi, dole ne a rage wutar gaba bisa ga lanƙwasan zafin solder vs. wutar gaba. Misali, a T_s= 100 °C, mafi girman wutar gaba da aka yarda shine kusan 200 mA.

9. Kwatancen Fasaha

Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun LED ja na AlGaAs ko GaAsP, fasahar AlGaInP da aka yi amfani da ita a wannan na'urar tana ba da ingancin haske mafi girma da kwanciyar hankali mafi kyau. Kusurwar gani mai faɗi 120° ta fi yawancin LED ja 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm masu fafatawa wanda yawanci suna da kusurwa rabin 90°-100°. Cancantar AEC‑Q102 tana ba da ƙarin aminci don amfani da mota, tare da gwaje-gwajen damuwa masu tsauri fiye da daidaitan matakin kasuwanci.

10. Tambayoyin da Aka Yi Yawance

Tambaya 1: Za a iya amfani da wannan LED a wutar da ta fi 420 mA?
A'a. Matsakaicin matsakaicin darajar wutar gaba shine 420 mA (700 mA kololuwa tare da zagaye). Yin aiki a sama da wannan iyaka zai haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin.

Tambaya 2: Menene tsawon rayuwa na wannan LED?
Duk da cewa ba a bayyana kai tsaye a cikin takardar bayani ba, LED da suka cancanta AEC‑Q102 yawanci suna da tsawon rai sosai (>50,000 h) idan an yi aiki a cikin ƙima kuma tare da ingantaccen sarrafa zafi.

Tambaya 3: Yaya zan kula da hankalin ESD?
Na'urar tana da daraja 2 kV HBM. Yi amfani da matakan kariya na ESD na yau da kullun: ƙarfe na hannu, wuraren aiki masu zafi, da marufi masu hana wutar lantarki.

Tambaya 4: Zan iya haɗa kwano daban-daban na haske a cikin aikace-aikace guda?
Haɗa kwano na iya haifar da bambance-bambancen haske da ake gani. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da kwano guda don bayyanar daidaituwa sai dai idan aikace-aikacen ya yarda da bambancin.

11. Nazarin Lamarin Zane

Fitilar Haɗa Baya ta Mota (RCL)
Wani abokin ciniki ya tsara wani modul ɗin LED ja don fitilar tsayawa ta amfani da 6 na RF‑A4E31‑R15H‑S1. An shirya LEDs a cikin igiyoyi 3 na jerin 2 na layi daya (3S2P) don cimma daidaito 12 V. Kowane igiya an tura shi a 350 mA duka (175 mA kowace LED) tare da keɓaɓɓen direban wuta mai dindindin. An yi amfani da PCB mai jan ƙarfe (1.6 mm kauri, 2 oz jan ƙarfe) don kiyaye zafin solder ƙasa da 85 °C. Modul ɗin ya wuce gwajin zafi (−40 °C zuwa 125 °C, 1000 zagaye) da gwajin danshi (85 °C/85% RH, 1000 h) ba tare da gazawa ba.

12. Ka'idar Aiki

LED ya dogara ne akan wani babban tsarin AlGaInP mai aiki biyu da aka girma akan tushe mai wucewa (GaAs). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da matsa lamba na gaba, electrons da ramuka suna sake haduwa a cikin yankin mai aiki, suna fitar da photons tare da makamashi daidai da bandgap na kayan (~2.0 eV, yana ba da haske ja ~620 nm). Fakitin EMC yana rufe guntu kuma yana ba da lens don fitar da haske yadda ya kamata. Rage zafi yana faruwa ta hanyar babban pad na ƙasa da layukan jan ƙarfe na PCB.

13. Hanyoyin Fasaha da Hasashen

Fasahar AlGaInP na ci gaba da inganta inganci da kwanciyar hankali na zafi. Hanyoyi na gaba sun haɗa da kwano mafi girma na haske ta hanyar ingantaccen girma na epitaxial da ingantaccen zane na guntu (misali, tushe masu tsari). Don aikace-aikacen mota, karɓar cancantar AEC‑Q102 yana zama al'ada, kuma wannan LED ya riga ya cika wannan ƙa'idar. Ƙananan (misali, fakitin 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm) wani yanayi ne mai gudana, amma 3.0 mm × 3.0 mm ya kasance sananne ga LED ja mai ƙarfi saboda daidaiton da ke tsakanin sarrafa wuta da yankin fitar da haske.